阅读说明：本技术 一种冷态等离子体高分子聚合物表面处理方法 (Surface treatment method for cold plasma high molecular polymer ) 是由 靳瑞廷 邢兴 于 2021-09-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种冷态等离子体高分子聚合物表面处理方法,它是将高分子聚合物经冷态等离子处理装置处理后得到表面改性的高分子聚合物,所述冷态等离子处理装置的放电电压为10～20kV。使得经过处理的高分子聚合物纤维的前进角、后退角明显降低、卷曲度和比表面积得到提高,强度基本不变,显著提高了该纤维对于污染颗粒物的捕捉效率；在同等要求的过滤器选材时,可比技术实施前选用更加疏松、更粗的纤维材料,从而降低成品了过滤器的风阻、提高其容尘量和使用寿命,从而降低了运行能耗和费用。(The invention discloses a cold plasma high molecular polymer surface treatment method, which is characterized in that a high molecular polymer is treated by a cold plasma treatment device to obtain a surface modified high molecular polymer, and the discharge voltage of the cold plasma treatment device is 10-20 kV. The advancing angle and the retreating angle of the treated high molecular polymer fiber are obviously reduced, the crimpness and the specific surface area are improved, the strength is basically unchanged, and the capture efficiency of the fiber on pollution particles is obviously improved; when the filter with the same requirement is selected, the filter can select looser and thicker fiber materials than before the technology is implemented, so that the wind resistance of the finished filter is reduced, the dust holding capacity of the filter is improved, the service life of the filter is prolonged, and the operation energy consumption and the cost are reduced.)

1. A surface treatment method of a cold plasma high molecular polymer is characterized in that: the surface-modified high molecular polymer is obtained by treating a high molecular polymer with a cold plasma treatment device, wherein the discharge voltage of the cold plasma treatment device is 10-20 kV.

2. The method for surface treatment of cold plasma high molecular polymer according to claim 1, wherein: the input power of the cold plasma processing device is 20-1000W, and the discharge frequency is DC or AC 50-100 KHz.

3. The method for surface treatment of cold plasma high molecular polymer according to claim 1, wherein: the high molecular polymer is non-woven fabric.

4. A cold plasma high molecular polymer surface treatment method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: and reaction gas is also added during the treatment of the cold plasma treatment device.

5. The method for surface treatment of cold plasma high molecular polymer according to claim 4, wherein: the reaction gas is air, oxygen, nitrogen, NH_xAnd He, or mixtures thereof.

6. The method for surface treatment of cold plasma high molecular polymer according to claim 4, wherein: the flow rate of the reaction gas is 0.001-100L/min.

7. The method for surface treatment of cold plasma high molecular polymer according to claim 1, wherein: the cold plasma processing device operates under the conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the cold plasma processing apparatus comprises:

the plasma generating assembly (1) comprises two plasma generating electrodes (12) arranged at intervals, a dielectric medium (11) formed between the two plasma generating electrodes (12), a processing cavity (13) arranged in the dielectric medium (11) and a plasma generating power supply (14) connected with the plasma generating electrodes (12);

the plasma generator comprises a control assembly (3), wherein the control assembly (3) comprises an MCU (microprogrammed control unit) controller (31) connected with the plasma generation power supply (14), a low-voltage power supply (36) connected with the MCU controller (31) and an optical fiber sensor connected with the MCU controller (31) through an optical fiber sensing circuit (33).

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein: the control component (3) further comprises a device display (34) and a data processor (35) which are respectively connected with the MCU controller (31).

10. A cold plasma high molecular polymer surface treatment method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the cold plasma treatment apparatus further comprises:

the material conveying assembly (2) comprises a plurality of conveying roller shafts (21) which are arranged in parallel at intervals, a conveying belt (22) wound on the plurality of conveying roller shafts (21) and a conveying motor (23) connected with any one conveying roller shaft (21) and used for driving the conveying roller shaft (21) to rotate, wherein the conveying motor (23) is connected with the MCU controller (31) through a conveying control circuit (24);

the control component (3) further comprises a speed sensor connected with the MCU controller (31) through a speed sensing circuit (32).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of polymer surface treatment, relates to a high molecular polymer surface treatment method, and particularly relates to a cold plasma fiber surface treatment method.

Background

The working principle of the HEPA (high efficiency air filter) is that the polluted particles in the air collide with the high molecular polymer fibers when undergoing inertial motion or irregular brownian motion along with the air flow, and the attractive force on the particle surfaces can lead the polluted particles to be adhered to the fibers (the process is that the polluted particles are adsorbed).

The surface adsorption capacity of the existing fiber materials (non-woven fabrics and the like) is poor, the high-efficiency filter screen in HEPA needs to be very compact, and very fine fibers need to be adopted, so that the high-efficiency filter screen has high resistance, short service life, fast efficiency reduction in the service life and small dust holding capacity; in areas with heavy air pollution, users need to frequently replace the filter screen to obtain the required effect, and the cost is high; because the resistance of the fiber material is high, the HEPA made of the fiber has higher energy consumption and noise during operation; electret technology is used in some cases to improve the filtration efficiency of HEPA filters, but electret is not a substantial modification to the surface of fibrous materials, and the electret effect disappears rapidly in air, so that the improvement of filtration efficiency using electret filters is very limited.

According to world banking data, over 90% of the world's population lives among the threats of air pollution, which can cause direct economic losses of two billions of dollars each year. At present, the market of filter materials and filter fibers is huge, and particularly in the Asia-Tai and south America markets, the composite growth rate is high. If an enterprise can have any dominant technology in the field to realize the technology substitution at the bottom of an industrial chain, a larger market growth space is bound to exist.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problems, the main object of the present invention is to provide a method for surface treatment of cold plasma high molecular polymer.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a cold plasma high molecular polymer surface treatment method is characterized in that a high molecular polymer is treated by a cold plasma treatment device to obtain a surface modified high molecular polymer, and the discharge voltage of the cold plasma treatment device is 10-20 kV.

Optimally, the input power of the cold plasma processing device is 20-1000W, and the discharge frequency is DC or AC 50-100 KHz.

Preferably, the high molecular polymer is a non-woven fabric.

Furthermore, reaction gas is added during the treatment of the cold plasma treatment device.

Further, the reaction gas is air, oxygen, nitrogen, NH_xAnd He; he is preferred. The reaction gas is added, so that the modification purpose and controllability can be improved, the stability and repeatability of the effect can be improved, and further, the feasibility in mass production is realized; on the aspect that the difference of the treatment effect shows the microscopic morphology, the trace of the plasma containing oxygen and other reaction gases in the gas component on the surface of the material is unique, and the appearance of the material shows uniformly distributed hilly protrusions and micro pits. For example, O under the same conditions₂Compared with the effect of plasma treatment in a cold state, the intensity of a signal for introducing free radicals into the surface treated by the He gas plasma is relatively high, and the content of N, O elements on the surface treated by the He gas plasma is relatively high due to the autoxidation reaction and the implantation reaction of the free radicals; after He plasma treatment, the roughness of the fiber surface is obviously increased, the contact angle of the surface is obviously reduced, more COOH is introduced into the modified surface, but the ESR signal intensity of the electron spin resonance spectrum with the free radicals introduced into the surface is obviously reduced, and the signal intensity is from 1.8 multiplied by 10⁴Increased to 2.6 × 10⁴。

Further, the flow rate of the reaction gas is 0.001 to 100L/min, preferably 10 to 50L/min.

Optimally, the cold plasma processing device operates under the conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure.

Optimally, the cold plasma processing device comprises:

the plasma generating assembly comprises two plasma generating electrodes arranged at intervals, a dielectric formed between the two plasma generating electrodes, a processing cavity arranged in the dielectric and a plasma generating power supply connected with the plasma generating electrodes;

and the control assembly comprises an MCU controller connected with the plasma generation power supply, a low-voltage power supply connected with the MCU controller and an optical fiber sensor connected with the MCU controller through an optical fiber sensing circuit.

Furthermore, the control assembly also comprises a device display and a data processor which are respectively connected with the MCU controller.

Further, the cold plasma processing apparatus further includes:

the material conveying assembly comprises a plurality of conveying roller shafts which are arranged in parallel at intervals, conveying belts wound on the plurality of conveying roller shafts and a conveying motor connected with any one conveying roller shaft and used for driving the conveying roller shaft to rotate, and the conveying motor is connected with the MCU controller through a conveying control circuit;

the control assembly further comprises a speed sensor connected with the MCU controller through a speed sensing circuit.

Based on the above, the cold plasma high molecular polymer surface treatment method of the invention, through processing the high molecular polymer by the cold plasma treatment device and accurately controlling the process parameters during the treatment, the advancing angle and the receding angle of the treated high molecular polymer fiber are obviously reduced, the crimpness and the specific surface area are improved, the strength is basically unchanged, and the problem of low fiber capture efficiency before can be effectively solved; when the filter with the same requirement is selected, looser and thicker fiber materials can be selected compared with the materials selected before the technology is implemented, so that the wind resistance of the finished filter is reduced, the dust holding capacity of the finished filter is improved, the service life of the filter is prolonged, the efficiency of the filter is improved, and the operation energy consumption and the cost are reduced;

the plasma surface modification aims at improving the capacity of capturing pollution particles on the surface of the fiber from a microscopic perspective, which is different from the aims of improving the adhesion, paintability and the like pursued by the common plasma surface modification; macroscopically, it is intended to improve the filtration efficiency, dust holding capacity and service life of the finished filter made from the fibers.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cold plasma processing apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a cold plasma processing apparatus according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention better understood, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by equivalent changes and modifications by one skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a surface treatment method of a cold plasma high molecular polymer, which is to treat the high molecular polymer by a cold plasma treatment device to obtain a surface modified high molecular polymer, wherein the discharge voltage of the cold plasma treatment device is 10kV in a direct current mode.

In this embodiment, the high molecular polymer is a nonwoven fabric woven from high molecular fibers.

In this embodiment, a reaction gas is further added during the processing by the cold plasma processing apparatus, and the reaction gas is helium; specifically, the flow rate of the reaction gas is 10 to 50L/min (within this range, the treatment effect is similar).

In this embodiment, the cold plasma processing apparatus is operated under normal temperature and pressure conditions. The cold plasma processing device comprises a plasma generating assembly 1, a material conveying assembly 2 and a control assembly 3; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the plasma generating assembly 1 comprises two plasma generating electrodes 12 arranged at intervals, a dielectric 11 formed between the two plasma generating electrodes 12, a processing cavity 13 opened in the dielectric 11 (the processing cavity 13 is used for accommodating products to be subjected to plasma), and a plasma generating power supply 14 connected with the plasma generating electrodes 12. The plasma generation power supply 14 is used to supply power to the plasma generation electrode 12 to generate plasma.

The control component 3 comprises an MCU controller 31 (commercially available) connected with the plasma generation power supply 14, a low-voltage power supply 36 connected with the MCU controller 31 and an optical fiber sensor connected with the MCU controller 31 through an optical fiber sensing circuit 33; the optical fiber sensor is used for sensing information such as the concentration of the plasma in the processing cavity 13, and the power of the plasma generation power supply 14 is controlled through the MCU controller 31 so as to adjust the concentration of the plasma.

In this embodiment, the control module 3 further includes a device display 34 and a data processor 35 respectively connected to the MCU controller 31 for displaying and storing relevant parameters and data during the surface treatment process of the cold plasma high molecular polymer.

In this embodiment, the cold plasma processing apparatus further includes a material transfer assembly 2. The device comprises a plurality of conveying roller shafts 21 (two are used in the application, one is a driving shaft, and the other is a driven shaft) which are arranged in parallel at intervals, a conveying belt 22 wound on the plurality of conveying roller shafts 21 and a conveying motor 23 connected with any one conveying roller shaft 21 (driving shaft) and used for driving the conveying roller shaft 21 to rotate, wherein the conveying motor 23 is connected with an MCU (microprogrammed control Unit) 31 through a conveying control circuit 24; the control component 3 further comprises a speed sensor connected with the MCU controller 31 through a speed sensing circuit 32, and the speed sensor can be used for sensing information such as the speed of materials (namely non-woven fabrics) conveyed by the driving belt 22, so that a user can control the speed of the driving belt 22 through the MCU controller 31; and the optical fiber sensor can be matched for sensing data to realize automatic control.

Example 2

This example provides a method for surface treatment of cold plasma high molecular polymer, which is substantially the same as that in example 1, except that: the discharge voltage of the cold plasma processing device is 20kV, and the discharge frequency is direct current or alternating current of 50-100 KHz (within the numerical range, the processing effect is similar).

Comparative example 1

This example provides a cold plasma polymer surface treatment method, which is substantially the same as that in example 2, except that: the discharge voltage of the cold plasma processing device is too low, and is 5 kV.

Comparative example 2

This example provides a method for surface treatment of cold plasma high molecular polymer, which is substantially the same as that in example 2, except that: the discharge voltage of the cold plasma processing device is 30 kV.

The high molecular polymer (nonwoven fabric) treated by cold plasma in examples 1-2 and comparative examples 1-2 and the high molecular polymer (nonwoven fabric) not treated by cold plasma were respectively fabricated into high efficiency air filter screens for performance testing, and the data are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 Properties of the high molecular weight polymers (nonwoven fabrics) in examples 1-2 and comparative examples 1-2

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; while the foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow.