阅读说明：本技术 基于超声波测距的锅炉受热面积灰结渣吹灰系统及方法 (Boiler heating surface ash deposition and slagging soot blowing system and method based on ultrasonic ranging ) 是由 刘宏芳 周昊 吴剑波 陈勤根 胡世豪 张海丹 黄华俊 郎宁 于 2021-09-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及基于超声波测距的锅炉受热面积灰结渣吹灰系统,包括超声波测距系统、吹灰控制系统和吹灰执行系统；所述的超声波测距系统包括超声波发射器和超声波接收器,超声波发射器和超声波接收器布置在锅炉受热面一侧；所述吹灰控制系统包括吹灰控制器和超声波信号处理器,超声波发射器和超声波接收器连接超声波信号处理器,超声波信号处理器连接吹灰控制器；所述吹灰执行系统包括吹灰执行器,吹灰控制器连接吹灰执行器,吹灰执行器位于锅炉受热面一侧。本发明的有益效果是：本发明通过超声波测距系统测得受热面灰渣厚度,可以根据受热面结渣情况,有针对性的进行吹灰,减少了吹灰损失,提高了吹灰效率。(The invention relates to a boiler heating surface ash deposition and slagging soot-blowing system based on ultrasonic ranging, which comprises an ultrasonic ranging system, a soot-blowing control system and a soot-blowing execution system; the ultrasonic ranging system comprises an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver, wherein the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver are arranged on one side of the heating surface of the boiler; the soot blowing control system comprises a soot blowing controller and an ultrasonic signal processor, wherein an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver are connected with the ultrasonic signal processor, and the ultrasonic signal processor is connected with the soot blowing controller; the soot blowing execution system comprises a soot blowing actuator, the soot blowing controller is connected with the soot blowing actuator, and the soot blowing actuator is positioned on one side of the heating surface of the boiler. The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the thickness of ash on the heating surface is measured by the ultrasonic ranging system, and soot blowing can be performed in a targeted manner according to the slagging condition of the heating surface, so that the soot blowing loss is reduced, and the soot blowing efficiency is improved.)

1. The utility model provides a boiler heating surface deposition slagging and soot blowing system based on ultrasonic ranging which characterized in that: the system comprises an ultrasonic ranging system, a soot blowing control system and a soot blowing execution system; the ultrasonic ranging system comprises an ultrasonic transmitter (4) and an ultrasonic receiver (5), wherein the ultrasonic transmitter (4) and the ultrasonic receiver (5) are arranged on one side of a boiler heating surface (7); the soot blowing control system comprises a soot blowing controller (2) and an ultrasonic signal processor (6), an ultrasonic transmitter (4) and an ultrasonic receiver (5) are connected with the ultrasonic signal processor (6), and the ultrasonic signal processor (6) is connected with the soot blowing controller (2); the soot blowing execution system comprises a soot blowing actuator (3), a soot blowing controller (2) is connected with the soot blowing actuator (3), and the soot blowing actuator (3) is positioned on one side of a boiler heating surface (7); the soot blowing controller (2) is connected with the soot blowing medium storage tank (1).

2. The ultrasonic ranging-based boiler heating surface ash and slagging soot-blowing system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ultrasonic transmitter (4) and the ultrasonic receiver (5) are arranged on the boiler wall.

3. The ultrasonic ranging-based boiler heating surface ash and slagging soot-blowing system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ultrasonic transmitter (4) and the ultrasonic receiver (5) are arranged perpendicular to the heating surface (7) of the boiler.

4. The ultrasonic ranging-based boiler heating surface ash and slagging soot-blowing system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ultrasonic ranging system further comprises a cooling device, wherein the cooling device adopts a cooling air circulating system, and the cooling air circulating system is arranged outside the hearth.

5. The operating method of the boiler heating surface ash and slagging soot-blowing system based on the ultrasonic ranging as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, sending out ultrasonic waves by an ultrasonic transmitter (4), reaching the surface of the heated surface (7) of the boiler, reflecting by the heated surface (7) of the boiler and receiving by an ultrasonic receiver (5);

s2, calculating the thickness of the ash on the heating surface by the ultrasonic signal processor (6) through ultrasonic signals, processing the thickness information of the ash by the ash blowing controller (2), comparing the thickness information with a threshold value to judge whether the ash blowing is needed, sending an instruction of starting or stopping the ash blowing, and controlling the ash blowing actuator (3) to start or stop the ash blowing.

6. The working method of the boiler heating surface ash accumulation and slagging soot-blowing system based on the ultrasonic ranging as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: in step S2, the calculation formula of the heating surface ash thickness is:

in the formula: delta is the thickness of ash residue, mm; h is the distance between the ultrasonic transmitter and the heated surface, and is mm; t represents the time interval, s, during which the ultrasonic wave is transmitted to the receiver; v_TThe propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave at the temperature T is mm/s.

7. The working method of the boiler heating surface ash accumulation and slagging soot-blowing system based on the ultrasonic ranging as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: in the step S2, when the ash thickness of the heating surface is larger than a threshold value, the soot blowing controller (2) sends a soot blowing instruction to control the soot blowing actuator (3) to start soot blowing; when the thickness of the ash on the heating surface is reduced to be below a threshold value, the soot blowing controller (2) sends a stopping instruction to control the soot blowing actuator (3) to stop soot blowing.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of soot blowing of heating surfaces of coal-fired boilers, in particular to a system and a method for soot blowing of accumulated soot and slagging of the heating surfaces of the boilers based on ultrasonic ranging.

Background

During the operation of the coal-fired boiler, the phenomena of ash deposition and slag bonding can occur on the heating surface of the coal-fired boiler. The ash deposition and slagging on the heating surface can reduce the heat transfer efficiency, aggravate the corrosion of the metal surface, even possibly cause the irregular stop of the boiler, cause huge economic loss and influence the running safety of the unit.

Soot blowing is an effective means for solving soot deposition and slag bonding on a heating surface commonly adopted by a power station boiler. The traditional soot blowing mode mainly comprises a fixed frequency and timing and quantitative blowing mode. The traditional soot blowing mode does not consider the detection of soot and slag deposition on a heating surface, has larger blindness, and easily causes the occurrence of excessive soot blowing and insufficient soot blowing. Excessive soot blowing wastes soot blowing medium, while insufficient soot blowing cannot eliminate hidden troubles caused by ash deposition and slag bonding.

Therefore, optimization of the conventional soot blowing method is necessary. Firstly, diagnosing the ash deposition and slagging condition of the heating surface of the boiler by adopting an online monitoring technology, and blowing ash on the basis in a targeted manner. The soot blowing system is more intelligent, and the operation efficiency of the soot blowing system is improved.

Ultrasonic waves are often used for distance measurement because of their strong directivity, slow energy consumption, and long propagation distance in a medium. The ultrasonic detection is often relatively rapid and convenient, the calculation is simple, the real-time control is easy to realize, and the requirement of industrial use can be met in the aspect of measurement precision, so the ultrasonic detection method is widely applied to industrial production.

In view of the above, it is necessary to design a system and a method for blowing slag and ash on the heating surface of a boiler based on ultrasonic ranging.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a boiler heating surface ash accumulation and slagging soot blowing system and method based on ultrasonic ranging, which are used for solving the problem of blind soot blowing of the traditional soot blowing and improving the soot blowing efficiency.

The boiler heating surface ash deposition and slagging soot-blowing system based on ultrasonic ranging comprises an ultrasonic ranging system, a soot-blowing control system and a soot-blowing execution system; the ultrasonic ranging system comprises an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver, wherein the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver are arranged on one side of the heating surface of the boiler; the soot blowing control system comprises a soot blowing controller and an ultrasonic signal processor, wherein an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver are connected with the ultrasonic signal processor, and the ultrasonic signal processor is connected with the soot blowing controller; the soot blowing execution system comprises a soot blowing actuator, a soot blowing controller is connected with the soot blowing actuator, and the soot blowing actuator is positioned on one side of the heating surface of the boiler; the soot blowing controller is connected with the soot blowing medium storage tank.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver are arranged on the boiler wall.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver are arranged perpendicular to the heating surface of the boiler.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the ultrasonic ranging system further comprises a cooling device, wherein the cooling device adopts a cooling air circulating system, and the cooling air circulating system is arranged outside the hearth.

The working method of the boiler heating surface ash deposition and slagging soot-blowing system based on ultrasonic ranging comprises the following steps:

s1, sending out ultrasonic waves by an ultrasonic transmitter, reaching the surface of the heated surface of the boiler, reflecting by the heated surface of the boiler and receiving by an ultrasonic receiver;

and S2, calculating the thickness of the ash on the heating surface by the ultrasonic signal processor through ultrasonic signals, processing the thickness information of the ash by the ash blowing controller, comparing the thickness information with a threshold value to judge whether the ash blowing is needed, sending an instruction of starting or stopping the ash blowing, and controlling the ash blowing actuator to start or stop the ash blowing.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: in step S2, the calculation formula of the heating surface ash thickness is:

in the formula: delta is the thickness of ash residue, mm; h is the distance between the ultrasonic transmitter and the heated surface, and is mm; t represents the time interval, s, during which the ultrasonic wave is transmitted to the receiver; v_TThe propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave at the temperature T is mm/s.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: in the step S2, when the thickness of the ash on the heating surface is larger than a threshold value, the soot blowing controller sends a soot blowing instruction to control a soot blowing actuator to start soot blowing; when the thickness of the ash on the heating surface is reduced to be below a threshold value, the soot blowing controller sends a stopping instruction to control the soot blowing actuator to stop blowing soot.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) according to the invention, the thickness of ash on the heating surface is measured by the ultrasonic ranging system, and soot blowing can be performed in a targeted manner according to the slagging condition of the heating surface, so that the soot blowing loss is reduced, and the soot blowing efficiency is improved.

2) The ultrasonic ranging system also comprises a cooling device, so that the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver can be protected from being damaged by high temperature, and the safety of the device is ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a boiler heating surface ash deposition and slagging soot-blowing system based on ultrasonic ranging;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a soot blowing control mode of a boiler heating surface soot and slagging soot blowing system based on ultrasonic ranging.

Description of reference numerals: the system comprises a soot blowing medium storage tank 1, a soot blowing controller 2, a soot blowing actuator 3, an ultrasonic transmitter 4, an ultrasonic receiver 5, an ultrasonic signal processor 6 and a boiler heating surface 7.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The following examples are set forth merely to aid in the understanding of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Example one

The embodiment of the application provides a boiler heating surface deposition slagging and soot blowing system based on ultrasonic ranging, utilizes the principle of ultrasonic measurement deposition slagging: the ultrasonic transmitter sends out ultrasonic waves, and the distance between the transmitter and the heating surface is calculated according to the time difference of the ultrasonic receiver receiving the ultrasonic waves. When the heating surface is slagging, the time difference of receiving the ultrasonic wave is shortened, so that the ash thickness is speculated, and whether soot blowing is needed or not is judged. The structure of the device comprises an ultrasonic ranging system, a soot blowing control system and a soot blowing execution system. The ultrasonic ranging system comprises an ultrasonic transmitter 4 and an ultrasonic receiver 5, wherein the ultrasonic transmitter 4 and the ultrasonic receiver 5 are arranged on the boiler wall and used for measuring the time difference between the transmission and the reception of ultrasonic waves; the soot blowing control system comprises a soot blowing controller 2 and an ultrasonic signal processor 6, an ultrasonic transmitter 4 and an ultrasonic receiver 5 are connected with the ultrasonic signal processor 6, the ultrasonic signal processor 6 is connected with the soot blowing controller 2, the thickness of the soot on the heating surface is obtained through calculation by the ultrasonic signal processor 6, the soot blowing controller 2 processes the thickness information of the soot, compares the thickness information with a threshold value to judge whether soot blowing is needed or not, and sends an instruction for starting or stopping soot blowing. The soot blowing execution system comprises a soot blowing actuator 3, the soot blowing controller 2 is connected with the soot blowing actuator 3, and the targeted soot blowing work is carried out according to an instruction sent by the soot blowing control system. The soot blowing controller 2 is connected with the soot blowing medium storage tank 1.

The ultrasonic ranging system further comprises a cooling device for protecting the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver from being damaged by high temperature. And a cooling air circulating system is arranged outside the hearth and used for cooling and protecting the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver, and an air curtain with certain pressure is formed outside the outlet of the hearth to prevent flame from being sprayed out when the pressure in the furnace is positive.

Example two

The ash thickness calculation formula of the ultrasonic measurement system is as follows:

in the formula: delta is the thickness of ash slag, mm; h is the distance between the ultrasonic transmitter and the heated surface, and is mm; t represents the time interval, s, during which the ultrasonic wave is transmitted to the receiver; v_TThe propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave at the temperature T is mm/s.

When the system works, ultrasonic waves are emitted by the ultrasonic emitter 4, reach the surface of the heating surface 7 of the boiler, and are reflected by the heating surface 7 of the boiler and received by the ultrasonic receiver 5. The ultrasonic signal is processed by an ultrasonic signal processor 6 to obtain the thickness of ash on the heating surface, and whether soot blowing is needed or not is judged. When the ash thickness of the heating surface is larger than a certain threshold value, the soot blowing controller 2 sends a soot blowing instruction to control the soot blowing actuator 3 to start soot blowing; when the thickness of the ash on the heating surface is reduced to be below the threshold value, the soot blowing controller 2 sends a stopping instruction to control the soot blowing actuator 3 to stop blowing soot.

Compared with the traditional soot blowing system, the soot blowing system can monitor the thickness of the ash on the surface of the heating surface in real time through the ultrasonic ranging system, and feed back the thickness signal to the soot blowing controller, so that the soot blowing controller can timely make corresponding instructions to blow soot in a targeted manner, soot blowing loss is reduced, and soot blowing efficiency is improved.