阅读说明：本技术 一种高速铁路轨道振动实时检测装置及其使用方法 (High-speed railway track vibration real-time detection device and use method thereof ) 是由 冯珂 张伟 李长立 马颖伟 张启福 马玉麟 孙洪治 王凯 李文宾 吴吉乐 刘爱军 于 2021-09-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种高速铁路轨道振动实时检测装置,包括设置在钢轨底面和轨道板之间的采集单元,包括压力传感器和激光位移传感器,用于检测轨道的压力信号和振动信号；数据处理单元与所述采集单元连接,用于对所述压力传感器或所述激光位移传感器的压力信号或振动信号进行处理；数据发送单元与数据处理单元连接,用于发送将处理后的压力信号或振动信号；终端计算机接收所述数据发送单元发送的压力信号或振动信号,经过数据处理后通过数据和曲线将振动压力和振动位移幅度显示出来。本发明能及时掌握轨道及其扣件系统的工作状况,实时发现车辆异常振动,能及时准确的对轨道和扣件进行维护和修理更换,保障铁路系统的正常运行,防止事故的发生。(The invention discloses a real-time vibration detection device for a high-speed railway track, which comprises an acquisition unit, a pressure sensor and a laser displacement sensor, wherein the acquisition unit is arranged between the bottom surface of a steel rail and a track plate and is used for detecting a pressure signal and a vibration signal of the track; the data processing unit is connected with the acquisition unit and is used for processing the pressure signal or the vibration signal of the pressure sensor or the laser displacement sensor; the data sending unit is connected with the data processing unit and used for sending the processed pressure signal or vibration signal; and the terminal computer receives the pressure signal or the vibration signal sent by the data sending unit, and displays the vibration pressure and the vibration displacement amplitude through data and a curve after data processing. The invention can timely master the working conditions of the rail and the fastener system thereof, discover abnormal vibration of the vehicle in real time, and timely and accurately maintain, repair and replace the rail and the fastener, thereby ensuring normal operation of the railway system and preventing accidents.)

1. The utility model provides a high speed railway track vibration real-time detection device which characterized in that includes:

the acquisition unit is arranged between the bottom surface of the steel rail and the rail plate, comprises a pressure sensor and a laser displacement sensor and is respectively used for detecting a pressure signal and a vibration signal of the rail;

the data processing unit is connected with the acquisition unit and is used for processing the pressure signal or the vibration signal of the pressure sensor or the laser displacement sensor;

the data sending unit is connected with the data processing unit and used for sending the processed pressure signal or vibration signal;

and the terminal computer receives the pressure signal or the vibration signal sent by the data sending unit, processes the data and displays the vibration pressure and the vibration displacement amplitude through data and a curve.

2. The device for real-time detection of vibration of a high-speed railway track according to claim 1, wherein the acquisition unit further comprises a base and a support member, the base is fixed on the track slab, the support member is fixedly connected with the base, and the pressure sensor or the laser displacement sensor is respectively fixed on the top of the support member.

3. The device for real-time detection of the vibration of the high-speed railway track according to claim 2, wherein an elastic cushion block is further fixed on the top of the pressure sensor.

4. The real-time vibration detection device for the high-speed railway track as claimed in claim 3, wherein the area of the elastic cushion block is the same as or similar to that of the elastic cushion plate of the fastener system, and the area of the elastic cushion block is in direct proportion to that of the elastic cushion plate of the fastener system.

5. The device for real-time detection of vibration of high-speed railway tracks as claimed in claim 4, wherein the data processing unit is a circuit board, and the circuit board is arranged in the supporting member.

6. The device for real-time detection of vibration of high-speed railway tracks as claimed in claim 5, wherein a battery is further arranged in the supporting member, and the circuit board, the pressure sensor and the laser displacement sensor are connected with the battery.

7. The device for detecting the vibration of the high-speed railway track in real time as claimed in claim 1, wherein the acquisition frequency of the laser displacement sensor is 1000hz, and the precision of the laser displacement sensor is 0.001.

8. The high-speed railway track vibration real-time detection device of claim 1, wherein the acquisition units are arranged in a quadrant arraying mode: the wheel is evenly divided into four quadrants according to the diameter of the wheel, and the acquisition unit is simultaneously arranged on four steel rails on the upper line and the lower line in a way of arranging one on the rail plate at intervals, so that the number of the acquisition unit is four, and each acquisition unit is four or integral multiple of the number of the acquisition unit.

9. The use method of the high-speed railway track vibration real-time detection device is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

s1, a group of acquisition units are arranged between the bottom surface of the steel rail and the rail plate according to a quadrant array method, and when a train passes through the system, a pressure sensor and a laser displacement sensor of the acquisition units are triggered to acquire the vibration data of the steel rail in real time through induced current;

s2, sending data signals of the pressure sensor and the laser displacement sensor to a circuit board for processing, then sending the data signals in a high-frequency wireless sending mode, receiving the data signals by a wireless relay terminal, and sending the data signals to a terminal computer through wireless data transmission;

s3, the terminal computer processes the real-time data and displays the vibration pressure and the vibration displacement amplitude through data and a curve; and calculating the frequency amplitude of vertical vibration and the dynamic stiffness of the elastic base plate of the adjacent fastener according to an algorithm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ballastless tracks of high-speed railways, in particular to a real-time vibration detection device for a high-speed railway track and a using method thereof.

Background

Along with the popularization of high-speed railways in China, higher requirements are also put forward on the smoothness and stability of lines, and the ballastless tracks are used as main track types of the high-speed railways in China, so that the vibration reduction of the ballastless tracks under high-speed impact faces a plurality of challenges. The data of real-time detection rail vibration becomes especially important for the safe operation of vehicles, and is favorable for solving the problems of vehicle wheel deformation, rail wave abrasion, fastener failure and the like.

At present, high-speed rail detection vehicle-mounted equipment is only limited to a detection system of a running train and a detection system of an inspection vehicle, and only can obtain relative vibration. In the in-service use process, the vibration pressure and the vibration amplitude under the high-speed impact of a certain position can not be detected in real time by the existing detection system, the field data can not be obtained, the performance change of the fastener system can be found in time, and the analysis of the state of the vehicle under the abnormal vibration is also not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a high-speed railway track vibration real-time detection device and a use method thereof, which can realize real-time detection of vertical vibration of a steel rail and can effectively monitor abnormal vibration of a vehicle.

According to the purpose of the invention, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a high-speed railway track vibration real-time detection device comprises:

the acquisition unit is arranged between the bottom surface of the steel rail and the rail plate, comprises a pressure sensor and a laser displacement sensor and is respectively used for detecting a pressure signal and a vibration signal of the rail;

the data processing unit is connected with the acquisition unit and is used for processing the pressure signal or the vibration signal of the pressure sensor or the laser displacement sensor;

the data sending unit is connected with the data processing unit and used for sending the processed pressure signal or vibration signal;

and the terminal computer receives the pressure signal or the vibration signal sent by the data sending unit, processes the data and displays the vibration pressure and the vibration displacement amplitude through data and a curve.

Furthermore, the acquisition unit further comprises a base and a support piece, the base is fixed on the track plate, the support piece is fixedly connected with the base, and the pressure sensor or the laser displacement sensor is respectively fixed at the top of the support piece.

Furthermore, an elastic cushion block is fixed to the top of the pressure sensor.

Furthermore, the area of the elastic cushion block is the same as or similar to the material of the elastic cushion plate of the fastener system, and the area of the elastic cushion block is in direct proportion to the area of the elastic cushion plate of the fastener system.

Further, the data processing unit is a circuit board, and the circuit board is arranged in the supporting piece.

Furthermore, a battery is arranged in the supporting piece, and the circuit board, the pressure sensor and the laser displacement sensor are connected with the battery.

Further, the acquisition frequency of the laser displacement sensor is 1000hz, and the precision of the laser displacement sensor is 0.001.

Further, the acquisition units are distributed in a quadrant array mode: the wheel is evenly divided into four quadrants according to the diameter of the wheel, and the acquisition unit is simultaneously arranged on four steel rails on the upper line and the lower line in a way of arranging one on the rail plate at intervals, so that the number of the acquisition unit is four, and each acquisition unit is four or integral multiple of the number of the acquisition unit.

According to another object of the invention, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a using method of a high-speed railway track vibration real-time detection device comprises the following steps:

s1, a group of acquisition units are arranged between the bottom surface of the steel rail and the rail plate according to a quadrant array method, and when a train passes through the system, a pressure sensor and a laser displacement sensor of the acquisition units are triggered to acquire the vibration data of the steel rail in real time through induced current;

s2, sending data signals of the pressure sensor and the laser displacement sensor to a circuit board for processing, then sending the data signals in a high-frequency wireless sending mode, receiving the data signals by a wireless relay terminal, and sending the data signals to a terminal computer through wireless data transmission;

s3, the terminal computer processes the real-time data and displays the vibration pressure and the vibration displacement amplitude through data and a curve; and calculating the frequency amplitude of vertical vibration and the dynamic stiffness of the elastic base plate of the adjacent fastener according to an algorithm.

Further, in S3, the terminal computer divides the wheel into four quadrants according to a quadrant arrangement method, and detects an abnormal vibration curve according to the collected data, thereby determining abnormal wear of the wheel.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the high-speed railway track vibration real-time detection device and the use method thereof can timely master the working conditions of the track and a fastener system thereof, find abnormal vibration of a vehicle in real time, timely and accurately maintain, repair and replace the track and the fastener, ensure normal operation of a railway system and prevent accidents.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the present invention in use;

FIG. 3 is another schematic view of the present invention in use;

fig. 4 is a schematic layout of the acquisition units of the present invention.

In the figure, 1-elastic cushion block, 2-pressure sensor, 3-base, 4-circuit board, 5-battery, 6-support, 7-laser displacement sensor, 8-track plate and 9-steel track.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-3, a real-time vibration detection device for a high-speed railway track comprises a base 3 and a support member 6, wherein the base 3 is fixed on a track plate 8, and the support member 6 is fixedly connected with the base 3 through a bolt and can be adjusted up and down through threaded connection. The pressure sensor 2 or the laser displacement sensor 7 is respectively fixed on the top of the support member 6, the laser displacement sensor 7 is positioned on one side of the pressure sensor 2, and the height of the laser displacement sensor 7 is smaller than that of the pressure sensor 2.

The top of the pressure sensor 2 is also fixed with an elastic cushion block 1, the elastic cushion block 1 is made of rubber pads or other elastic materials, the area of the elastic cushion block 1 is the same as or similar to the material of the elastic cushion plate of the fastener system, and the area of the elastic cushion block 1 is in direct proportion to the area of the elastic cushion plate of the fastener system. The actual pressure value generated when the train passes through is the value measured by the pressure sensor.

The pressure sensor 2 is provided with the vibration-damping elastic cushion block 1, so that pressure detection can be realized, and no structural influence is generated on the track.

The circuit board 4 is arranged in the support part 6, the battery 5 is further arranged in the support part 6, and the circuit board 4, the pressure sensor 2 and the laser displacement sensor 7 are connected with the battery 5.

The acquisition frequency of the laser displacement sensor is 1000hz, the vibration amplitude can be directly read, the precision of the laser displacement sensor is 0.001, and the vibration frequency can be calculated through high-frequency acquisition.

The terminal computer receives the pressure signal or the vibration signal from the circuit board through the signal transmission device, and the vibration pressure and the vibration displacement amplitude are displayed through data and a curve after data processing.

As shown in fig. 4, the acquisition units of the present invention are arranged in a quadrant arrangement manner; the wheel is divided into four quadrants (ABCD) according to the diameter of the wheel, when the wheel in the quadrant A passes through the position of a track on which the acquisition unit is arranged, the acquisition unit reads the vertical vibration value of the wheel in the quadrant A, the acquisition unit is arranged on three rail supporting platforms (or at intervals calculated according to the number of forward rolling circles) at intervals, when the wheel rotates forwards for 3/4 circles (or n +3/4 circles) from the first acquisition unit, the quadrant D of the wheel just passes through the position, the vertical vibration value can be read, and by analogy, the quadrant C and the quadrant B of the wheel can also read the vertical vibration value.

In order to control the start and stop of an acquisition unit (a pressure sensor 2 or a laser displacement sensor 7), an inductive switch for controlling the pressure sensor 2 or the laser displacement sensor 7 is arranged on a circuit board 4, and the inductive switch is connected with a coil and a current detection sensor. In the electrified railway section, when a train passes through, high-voltage electricity on a contact net passes through a train body, then the current flows back through a steel rail 9 to form a closed circuit, and when a coil and a current detection sensor sense the backflow electricity on the rail, an induction switch of the acquisition unit is triggered to enable the acquisition unit to start working.

The using method of the high-speed railway track vibration real-time detection device comprises the following steps:

s1, a group of acquisition units are arranged between the bottom surface of the steel rail and the rail plate according to a quadrant array method, and when a train passes through the system, a pressure sensor and a laser displacement sensor of the acquisition units are triggered to acquire the vibration data of the steel rail in real time through induced current;

s2, sending data signals of the pressure sensor and the laser displacement sensor to a circuit board for processing, then sending the data signals in a high-frequency wireless sending mode, receiving the data signals by a wireless relay terminal, and sending the data signals to a terminal computer through wireless data transmission;

s3, the terminal computer processes the real-time data and displays the vibration pressure and the vibration displacement amplitude through data and a curve; and calculating the frequency amplitude of vertical vibration and the dynamic stiffness of the elastic base plate of the adjacent fastener according to an algorithm.

And the terminal computer divides the wheel into four quadrants according to a quadrant arraying method, and detects an abnormal vibration curve according to the acquired data so as to judge the abnormal wear of the wheel.

The invention has the following brief introduction of working principle: a group of acquisition units are arranged on a track slab according to a quadrant arraying method, when a train passes through the track slab, a pressure sensor and a laser displacement sensor are triggered to read data in real time through induced current, the frequency amplitude of vertical vibration of the point and the dynamic stiffness of an elastic base plate of an adjacent fastener can be calculated according to an algorithm, a wheel is divided into four quadrants according to the quadrant arraying method, and an abnormal vibration curve can be detected according to the acquired data, so that the abnormal abrasion of the wheel is judged.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.