阅读说明：本技术 一种基于数据挖掘的电网线损精细化管理方法 (Power grid line loss fine management method based on data mining ) 是由 孙永辉 李浩闪 王泽龙 刘玉峰 张康 谷建康 赵艳坤 刘露 乔亚鹏 顾军萍 刘拥 于 2021-06-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于数据挖掘的电网线损精细化管理方法,将评价体系划分为规划、管理、运行和技术四个维度,贯穿线损管理全过程；根据指标选取原则选择指标,构建多维度线损管理评价指标体系,求取维度和指标权重,并以电网各项规范和指标数据情况制定指标评分标准,进而构建地市级电网多维度线损管理评价体系。本发明采用层次分析法选择具有共有性与实用性的评价指标,形成线损归口管理、专业管理和评价指标分层级闭环管控机制,能有效发现不同管理主体之间和同一主体内部不同专业维度的差异,解决当前地市级电网线损管理考核不完善、难以评估线损管理现状等问题,实现线损的过程化、规范化、精益化管理。(The invention discloses a power grid line loss fine management method based on data mining, which is characterized in that an evaluation system is divided into four dimensions of planning, management, operation and technology, and the whole process of line loss management is penetrated; selecting indexes according to an index selection principle, constructing a multi-dimensional line loss management evaluation index system, solving the dimensions and index weights, and establishing an index scoring standard according to each criterion of the power grid and the index data condition so as to construct a multi-dimensional line loss management evaluation system of the metro-level power grid. The invention adopts an analytic hierarchy process to select evaluation indexes with commonalities and practicability, forms a line loss gate returning management, professional management and evaluation index hierarchical closed-loop management and control mechanism, can effectively discover the difference of different professional dimensions between different management main bodies and in the same main body, solves the problems of incomplete line loss management and assessment difficulty of the current local-city-level power grid, and the like, and realizes the course, standardization and lean management of line loss.)

1. A fine management method for line loss of a power grid based on data mining is characterized by comprising the following steps: considering the inherent factors and the line loss management process of the metro-level power grid, dividing an evaluation system into four dimensions of planning, management, operation and technology according to a power grid operation value chain and bearing the line loss management requirements of a power grid enterprise, and running through the whole line loss management process; selecting indexes according to an index selection principle, constructing a multi-dimensional line loss management evaluation index system, solving the dimensions and index weights, and establishing an index scoring standard according to each criterion of the power grid and the index data condition so as to construct a multi-dimensional line loss management evaluation system of the metro-level power grid.

2. The method for fine management of power grid line loss based on data mining according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the index selection principle selects three indexes, which include:

the method is beneficial to loss reduction principle, considers the relevance of influence factors and line loss rate indexes in a single dimension, and selects an electric energy metering accuracy rate index in a management dimension;

the full coverage principle uses the qualification rate of the power factor as a centralized evaluation index;

the principle can be collected, and the availability of the reactive power compensation device of the transformer substation is selected as an evaluation index.

3. The method for fine management of power grid line loss based on data mining according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the multi-dimensional line loss management evaluation index system is constructed as follows: according to the market-level power grid structure, the equipment state and the power utilization structure condition, according to an index selection principle, analyzing and comparing main factors influencing line loss according to four dimensions of planning loss reduction, management loss reduction, operation loss reduction and technical loss reduction, selecting indexes according to the influence characteristics of the evaluation indexes on the line loss, and establishing a multi-dimensional line loss management evaluation index system by applying AHP.

4. The method for fine management of power grid line loss based on data mining as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the multidimensional line loss management evaluation index system is divided into 3 types according to different voltage grades and ranges of the power grid under the jurisdiction of the metro-level power grid: the A type represents that a main power network and a power distribution network are governed at the same time, the B type represents that only the main power network is managed, and the C type represents that only the power distribution network is managed; by making a corresponding evaluation system in a targeted manner and reasonably selecting corresponding indexes, the evaluation of various types of local and urban power grids is unified and is comparable.

5. The method for fine management of power grid line loss based on data mining as claimed in claim 4, wherein: an AHP and a Delphi method are adopted for solving the index weight, and the specific steps comprise:

step S1, selecting experts, wherein the experts have bias in scoring for avoiding the experts with dispersed dimensions, and at least 3 questionnaires of each city bureau are respectively filled in by line loss accountability, plan department principal and subordinate management of each bureau;

step S2, designing a questionnaire, establishing a judgment matrix layer by layer through a 1-9 scale method of index comparison between every two questionnaires, and forming the questionnaire for experts to fill in;

step S3, providing index background data for the expert, inquiring the expert' S opinion in an anonymous way, and providing the relationship explanation between the index and the line loss in the expert questionnaire;

step S4, gathering expert opinions to form a judgment matrix, carrying out consistency check, and solving the weight by using a product square root method;

and step S5, the weight calculation result is fed back to the expert, the expert corrects own opinion according to the feedback result, and the final weight is formed through more than three rounds of anonymous inquiry and opinion feedback.

6. The method for fine management of power grid line loss based on data mining as claimed in claim 5, wherein: and acquiring the comprehensive weight by adopting a vector cosine similarity fitting method.

7. The method for fine management of power grid line loss based on data mining as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the index scoring standard adopts an efficacy coefficient method, and the evaluation result is divided into: excellent, good, medium, qualified and poor.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the fine management of the line loss of the power grid based on data mining comprises: index scoring criteria for monotonicity index: according to the index value specified by the industry specification or standard, the larger the index value is, the smaller the index value is, the better the index value is, the division among the scoring areas is selected according to the percentage of the optimal value;

index scoring criteria for non-monotonicity indices: evaluating according to the distance close to the standard value;

and for the indexes without scoring basis and reference standard, setting the evaluation interval of the indexes according to the index collection data and the K-Means algorithm and the clustering analysis result.

9. The method for fine management of power grid line loss based on data mining as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the evaluation process of the multi-dimensional line loss management evaluation system is as follows: establishing a multi-dimensional evaluation index system by searching relevant standard specifications of a power grid, investigating the condition of the urban power grid, consulting expert analysis and mastering the line loss management condition of the urban power grid, determining a grading standard according to a grading principle, and determining the weight of the system according to expert opinions; and finishing the construction of an evaluation system, calculating a comprehensive score, and finally performing benchmarking evaluation analysis to find out weak links of line loss management.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the fine management of the line loss of the power grid based on data mining comprises: and the line loss management adopts a benchmarking mode, including comprehensive score benchmarking, each dimension benchmarking and self benchmarking.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a fine management method for power grid line loss based on data mining, and belongs to the technical field of line loss management.

Background

The line loss rate is an important evaluation index for evaluating the structure, operation and management level of a power grid, and if effective measures are not taken in time to reduce loss, not only can the electric energy be wasted, but also the safety and reliability of the operation of the power grid can be threatened. At present, the traditional meter reading can only see the fluctuation of the line loss rate every month, the electricity supply and sale conditions cannot be displayed in real time, the problems in line loss management are difficult to find, and the monitoring and guiding effects of line loss on a power grid are not obvious.

The traditional line loss management adopts a line loss four-division management standard. The quartering management considers the line loss from 4 aspects of partial pressure, subareas, branch pressure and distribution areas, and the final assessment amount is still the line loss rate index although more line loss quartering indexes are set. Due to different factors such as actual grid structure of the local-city-level power grid, equipment conditions, power utilization structure and the like, the line loss rate does not represent the management level. The line loss rate index is used as an evaluation standard, certain irrationality exists, and even the line loss rate index is covered

Some management factors behind the index cannot fully reflect the line loss management level. Meanwhile, the traditional line loss management system is not strong, the cooperativity of each professional work is not high, the supporting force for line loss management is not enough, and the work difficulty of loss reduction and energy saving is increased. In addition, each region of the municipal power grid still has the problems of unreasonable power grid structure, heavy overload, low voltage, large line loss and the like, the management is still weak, and the line loss management level still needs to be improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a power grid line loss fine management method based on data mining, wherein an evaluation index system is established by utilizing an analytic hierarchy process; solving the weight of each dimension and the index; establishing a grading standard of the bottom layer index so as to establish a multi-dimensional and multi-index evaluation system; by analyzing the defects of the metro-level power grid through the benchmarking mode, the process, standardization and lean management of line loss is realized.

In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a fine management method for the line loss of a power grid based on data mining considers the inherent factors and the line loss management process of a metro-level power grid, and divides an evaluation system into four dimensions of planning, management, operation and technology according to a power grid operation value chain and bearing the line loss management requirements of a power grid enterprise, and the whole line loss management process is penetrated; selecting indexes according to an index selection principle, constructing a multi-dimensional line loss management evaluation index system, solving the dimensions and index weights, and establishing an index scoring standard according to each criterion of the power grid and the index data condition so as to construct a multi-dimensional line loss management evaluation system of the metro-level power grid.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the index selection principle selects three indexes, which include:

the method is beneficial to loss reduction principle, considers the relevance of influence factors and line loss rate indexes in a single dimension, and selects an electric energy metering accuracy rate index in a management dimension;

the full coverage principle uses the qualification rate of the power factor as a centralized evaluation index;

the principle can be collected, and the availability of the reactive power compensation device of the transformer substation is selected as an evaluation index.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the multi-dimensional line loss management evaluation index system is constructed as follows: according to the market-level power grid structure, the equipment state and the power utilization structure condition, according to an index selection principle, analyzing and comparing main factors influencing line loss according to four dimensions of planning loss reduction, management loss reduction, operation loss reduction and technical loss reduction, selecting indexes according to the influence characteristics of the evaluation indexes on the line loss, and establishing a multi-dimensional line loss management evaluation index system by applying AHP.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the multidimensional line loss management evaluation index system is divided into 3 categories according to the difference of the voltage level and range of the power grid governed by the metro-level power grid: the A type represents that a main power network and a power distribution network are governed at the same time, the B type represents that only the main power network is managed, and the C type represents that only the power distribution network is managed; by making a corresponding evaluation system in a targeted manner and reasonably selecting corresponding indexes, the evaluation of various types of local and urban power grids is unified and is comparable.

As a further improvement of the invention, AHP and Delphi method are adopted to calculate the index weight, and the specific steps comprise:

step S1, selecting experts, wherein the experts have bias in scoring for avoiding the experts with dispersed dimensions, and at least 3 questionnaires of each city bureau are respectively filled in by line loss accountability, plan department principal and subordinate management of each bureau;

step S2, designing a questionnaire, establishing a judgment matrix layer by layer through a 1-9 scale method of index comparison between every two questionnaires, and forming the questionnaire for experts to fill in;

step S3, providing index background data for the expert, inquiring the expert' S opinion in an anonymous way, and providing the relationship explanation between the index and the line loss in the expert questionnaire;

step S4, gathering expert opinions to form a judgment matrix, carrying out consistency check, and solving the weight by using a product square root method;

and step S5, the weight calculation result is fed back to the expert, the expert corrects own opinion according to the feedback result, and the final weight is formed through more than three rounds of anonymous inquiry and opinion feedback.

As a further improvement of the invention, a vector cosine similarity fitting method is adopted to obtain the comprehensive weight.

As a further improvement of the invention, the index scoring standard adopts an efficacy coefficient method, and the evaluation result is divided into: excellent, good, medium, qualified and poor.

As a further improvement of the invention, the index scoring standard for the monotonicity index is as follows: according to the index value specified by the industry specification or standard, the larger the index value is, the smaller the index value is, the better the index value is, the division among the scoring areas is selected according to the percentage of the optimal value;

index scoring criteria for non-monotonicity indices: evaluating according to the distance close to the standard value;

and for the indexes without scoring basis and reference standard, setting the evaluation interval of the indexes according to the index collection data and the K-Means algorithm and the clustering analysis result.

As a further improvement of the invention, the evaluation flow of the multi-dimensional line loss management evaluation system is as follows: establishing a multi-dimensional evaluation index system by searching relevant standard specifications of a power grid, investigating the condition of the urban power grid, consulting expert analysis and mastering the line loss management condition of the urban power grid, determining a grading standard according to a grading principle, and determining the weight of the system according to expert opinions; and finishing the construction of an evaluation system, calculating a comprehensive score, and finally performing benchmarking evaluation analysis to find out weak links of line loss management.

As a further improvement of the invention, the line loss management adopts a benchmarking mode, including comprehensive score benchmarking, each dimension benchmarking and self benchmarking.

Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in:

the invention considers the inherent factors and the line loss management process of the metro-level power grid, adopts a hierarchical analysis method to select the evaluation indexes with commonalities and practicability, scientifically and reasonably establishes a multi-dimensional line loss management benchmarking evaluation system, comprehensively evaluates the line loss management level from planning, management, operation and technical dimensions, forms a line loss return port management, professional management and evaluation index hierarchical closed-loop control mechanism, can effectively discover the difference of different professional dimensions between different management main bodies and in the same main body, solves the problems that the current metro-level power grid line loss management is imperfect, the current situation of line loss management is difficult to evaluate and the like, leads the joint action of multiple professions to support the promotion of professional management level, and realizes the course, standardization and lean management of line loss.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed for the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a multi-dimensional line loss management evaluation index system and a weight table;

FIG. 2 is a monotonicity index scoring partition table;

FIG. 3 is a non-monotonicity index deviation scoring interval table;

FIG. 4 is a chart of the fractional score for the minor main section;

FIG. 5 is a diagram of clustering analysis of a minor proportion of a trunk section;

fig. 6 is a comprehensive evaluation flow chart of the line loss management of the metro-level power network.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the application, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application unless specifically stated otherwise. Other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

Aiming at the characteristics of the metro-level power grid and the problems existing in the line loss management work, the level of the line loss management work is evaluated in all directions from four dimensions of planning, management, operation and technology, the aspects of a grid structure, marketing management, power grid operation, equipment configuration and the like are covered, and the promotion of the line loss management level by the combined action of multiple specialties is facilitated.

The embodiment provides a power grid line loss fine management method based on data mining, which considers the inherent factors and the line loss management process of a metro-level power grid, and divides an evaluation system into four dimensions of planning, management, operation and technology according to a power grid operation value chain and bearing the line loss management requirements of a power grid enterprise, and runs through the whole line loss management process; selecting indexes according to an index selection principle, constructing a multi-dimensional line loss management evaluation index system, solving the dimensions and index weights, and establishing an index scoring standard according to each criterion of the power grid and the index data condition so as to construct a multi-dimensional line loss management evaluation system of the metro-level power grid.

In this embodiment, the index selection principle selects three indexes, which include:

the method is beneficial to loss reduction principle, considers the relevance of influence factors and line loss rate indexes in a single dimension, and selects an electric energy metering accuracy rate index in a management dimension;

the full coverage principle uses the qualification rate of the power factor as a centralized evaluation index;

the principle can be collected, and the availability of the reactive power compensation device of the transformer substation is selected as an evaluation index.

In this embodiment, the multidimensional line loss management evaluation index system is constructed as follows: according to the market-level power grid structure, the equipment state and the power utilization structure condition, according to an index selection principle, analyzing and comparing main factors influencing line loss according to four dimensions of planning loss reduction, management loss reduction, operation loss reduction and technical loss reduction, selecting indexes according to the influence characteristics of evaluation indexes on the line loss, and establishing a multi-dimensional line loss management evaluation index system by applying AHP, wherein the multi-dimensional line loss management evaluation index system is shown as a table in figure 1.

In this embodiment, the multidimensional line loss management evaluation index system is divided into 3 types according to the difference between the voltage level and the range of the power grid governed by the metro-level power grid: the A type represents that a main power network and a power distribution network are governed at the same time, the B type represents that only the main power network is managed, and the C type represents that only the power distribution network is managed; by making a corresponding evaluation system in a targeted manner and reasonably selecting corresponding indexes, the evaluation of various types of local and urban power grids is unified and is comparable. A. B, C the indexes contained in the three categories are shown in FIG. 1

Is expressed in the form of a tick.

In this embodiment, specifically, an AHP and a delphirin method are used to calculate the index weight, and the specific steps include:

step S1, selecting experts, wherein the experts have bias in scoring for avoiding the experts with dispersed dimensions, and at least 3 questionnaires of each city bureau are respectively filled in by line loss accountability, plan department principal and subordinate management of each bureau;

step S2, designing a questionnaire, establishing a judgment matrix layer by layer through a 1-9 scale method of index comparison between every two questionnaires, and forming the questionnaire for experts to fill in;

step S3, providing index background data for the expert, inquiring the expert' S opinion in an anonymous way, and providing the relationship explanation between the index and the line loss in the expert questionnaire;

step S4, gathering expert opinions to form a judgment matrix, carrying out consistency check, and solving the weight by using a product square root method;

and step S5, the weight calculation result is fed back to the expert, the expert corrects own opinion according to the feedback result, and the final weight is formed through more than three rounds of anonymous inquiry and opinion feedback.

In this embodiment, the comprehensive weight is obtained by using a vector cosine similarity fitting method, and compared with the weighted average clustering method, the vector cosine similarity fitting method has the clustering characteristic that a small number of objects are subject to a large number of objects. The weighting results are shown as the dimensional weights and the index weights in the table of fig. 1.

In this embodiment, the index scoring standard adopts an efficacy coefficient method, and the evaluation result is divided into: excellent, good, medium, qualified and poor.

Specifically, in this embodiment, for the index scoring criterion of the monotonicity index: according to the index value specified by the industry specification or standard, the larger the index value is, the smaller the index value is, the better the index value is, the division among the scoring areas is selected according to the percentage of the optimal value; the monotonicity indicator score intervals are shown in the table of FIG. 2.

Index scoring criteria for non-monotonicity indices: evaluating according to the distance close to the standard value; the non-monotonicity index deviation scores are shown in the table of FIG. 3.

For the indexes without scoring basis and reference standard, setting an evaluation interval of the indexes according to the index collection data and a K-Means algorithm and the clustering analysis result; the K-Means algorithm is one of the most widely used algorithms in cluster analysis. It divides the n objects into k clusters according to their attributes so that the obtained clusters satisfy: the similarity of objects in the same cluster is higher; while the object similarity in different clusters is smaller. The principle of this type of scoring is now explained by taking the evaluation of the smaller proportion of the trunk section as an example. If the trunk cross-sectional area is too small, the resistance is too large, and the line loss increases when the current is constant. The index value calculation method comprises the following steps: the trunk section is smaller in ratio = smaller number of lines/total number of lines in the trunk section. If 44 sample data of the index are collected for cluster analysis, as shown in fig. 5, the inner and outer rings of each circle are proportional intervals of the class, and the score table shown in the table of fig. 4 can be obtained from the proportional intervals.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the evaluation flow of the multi-dimensional line loss management evaluation system is as follows: establishing a multi-dimensional evaluation index system by searching relevant standard specifications of a power grid, investigating the condition of the urban power grid, consulting expert analysis and mastering the line loss management condition of the urban power grid, determining a grading standard according to a grading principle, and determining the weight of the system according to expert opinions; and finishing the construction of an evaluation system, calculating a comprehensive score, and finally performing benchmarking evaluation analysis to find out weak links of line loss management.

In this embodiment, the line loss management adopts a benchmarking mode, which includes comprehensive score benchmarking, dimension benchmarking, and self benchmarking.

The comprehensive score pair index sorts each city bureau according to the comprehensive score, analyzes the line loss management level condition of each bureau, and analyzes the condition that the score is close to the front and the rear. And (3) sorting the enterprise dimensionality scores of the urban power grid according to a single dimensionality by each dimensionality pair index, analyzing the low-scoring index in the dimensionality for an enterprise with a low score, finding out weak links, and accordingly, providing an improvement suggestion and guiding the line loss management work of the urban power grid. The self-pair index can be used for carrying out year-by-year comparative evaluation on the evaluation individuals, and the analysis is insufficient and is continuously improved.

The fine management method for the power grid line loss based on data mining provided by the embodiment has the following characteristics:

(1) making the line loss management work more comparable. The system abandons the evaluation standard of the traditional line loss measurement work by using a single line loss rate index, constructs a line loss management benchmarking evaluation system, and realizes the comprehensive benchmarking of multiple dimensions and multiple indexes of the metro-level power grid enterprise.

(2) And systematization of the benchmarking evaluation process is realized. The system combs the transverse and directional relation between the returning management department and the business support department, and focuses on the cooperation among the departments, and helps to boost multiple specialties to jointly combine the force and reduce the loss.

(3) And realizing the closed-loop control of benchmarking evaluation. And the professional department can make measures for improving and promoting according to the benchmarking evaluation result, and the entrance management department guides and supervises to form closed-loop management so as to promote the continuous improvement of the line loss management work.

(4) And the innovation benchmarking of a line loss management system is realized. Multidimensional line loss management and benchmarking management evaluation is carried out on the metro-level power grid enterprises, so that energy-saving and loss-reducing work is purposefully guided, and the process, the lean, the benefit and the standardization of line loss management are realized.