阅读说明：本技术 一种载机天线阵的校准以及测向检验方法 (Calibration and direction finding inspection method for aerial carrier antenna array ) 是由 张周贤 赵先红 孙志敏 王彧 于 2021-08-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及载机天线阵校准领域,具体涉及一种载机天线阵的校准以及测向检验方法,包括S1：选取机身参考线上任意一点作为参考点,测量转折点、各平行天线阵的中心点与参考点之间的第一距离,测量各倾斜天线阵的中心点与转折点之间的第二距离；S2：将参考点投影至地面得到第一基准点,通过激光水平仪在地面标记第二基准点；S3：通过第二基准点标记第一基准线；S4：将各天线阵的中心点投影至第一基准线,得到辐射源放置点；S5：在辐射源放置点设置辐射源对天线阵进行校准；S6：在地面标记验证点,并在验证点设置辐射源对天线阵进行测向。无需拆卸天线罩即可完成辐射源放置点的标定,提高了电子战系统整个校准及测向检验流程的工作时间。(The invention relates to the field of calibration of an aerial carrier antenna array, in particular to a calibration and direction finding test method of an aerial carrier antenna array, which comprises the following steps of S1: selecting any point on a reference line of the fuselage as a reference point, measuring a first distance between a turning point, a center point of each parallel antenna array and the reference point, and measuring a second distance between the center point of each inclined antenna array and the turning point; s2: projecting the reference point to the ground to obtain a first reference point, and marking a second reference point on the ground through a laser level; s3: marking a first datum line through a second datum point; s4: projecting the central point of each antenna array to a first datum line to obtain a radiation source placing point; s5: setting a radiation source at a radiation source placing point to calibrate the antenna array; s6: marking a verification point on the ground, and arranging a radiation source at the verification point to carry out direction finding on the antenna array. The calibration of the radiation source placing points can be completed without disassembling the antenna housing, and the working time of the whole calibration and direction finding inspection process of the electronic warfare system is prolonged.)

1. A calibration and direction finding inspection method of an aerial carrier antenna array is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: selecting any point on a fuselage reference line (12) as a reference point (4), calculating a first distance between a turning point (7) and the reference point (4), calculating a first distance between a center point of each parallel antenna array (2) and the reference point (4), and calculating a second distance between the center point of each inclined antenna array (3) and the turning point (7); wherein the first distance is a distance along the direction of an inclined antenna array central line (30), and the second distance is a distance along the direction parallel to the antenna array central line (20); the turning point (7) is a projection point of an intersection point of an inclined antenna array central line (30) and a parallel antenna array central line (20) on a reference line (12) of the machine body;

s2: projecting the reference point (4) to the ground to obtain a first reference point (41), arranging a first laser level meter at the first reference point (41), wherein the first laser level meter emits two beams of light rays which are perpendicular to each other, so that the first beam of light rays emitted by the first laser level meter is superposed/parallel with the body reference line (12), marking a second reference point (5) on the ground, and positioning the second reference point (5) on the ground projection of the second beam of light rays emitted by the first laser level meter;

s3: arranging a second laser level on the second reference point (5), so that the projection of a first beam of light emitted by the second laser level on the ground passes through the first reference point (41), and the straight line of the projection of a second beam of light emitted by the second laser level on the ground is a first reference line (91);

s4: projecting the center points of the antenna arrays to the first reference line (91) according to the first distances and the second distances measured in the step S1 and the position of the second reference point (5) marked in the step S2 to obtain a plurality of radiation source placing points (6), wherein the projection direction of the center points of the antenna arrays is a direction perpendicular to the center line of the corresponding antenna arrays;

s5: arranging a radiation source at the radiation source placing point (6) to calibrate the antenna array;

s6: marking a verification point (10) on the ground, and arranging a radiation source on the verification point (10) to carry out direction-finding inspection on the antenna array.

2. A method for calibration and direction finding of an antenna array of a carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the first reference point (41) and the second reference point (5) is R₁，R₁The value range of (A) is 4920cm to 5050 cm.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein said step S2 is further marked with an auxiliary point (8), said auxiliary point (8) being located on the ground projection of the second beam of light from said first laser level; in step S3, the first beam of light emitted by the second laser level is projected on the ground while passing through the first reference point (41) and the auxiliary point (8).

4. A method for calibration and direction finding of an antenna array of a carrier according to claim 3, characterized in that the auxiliary points (8) comprise a first auxiliary point and a second auxiliary point, the first auxiliary point being located at a distance of 500cm-1500cm from the first reference point (41), the second auxiliary point being located at a distance of 2500cm-3500cm from the first reference point (41).

5. The method for calibrating and direction-finding an antenna array of an aircraft according to any of claims 1-4, wherein in S1, a first distance between the reference point (4) and the turning point (7) is L, a first distance between the center point of the parallel antenna array (2) and the reference point (4) is M, and a second distance between the center point of the tilted antenna array (3) and the turning point (7) is N; in S4, a distance between a projection of the center point of the parallel antenna array (2) on the first reference line (91) and the second reference point (5) is D, D is M, and a projection of the center point of the tilted antenna array (3) on the first reference line (91) and the second reference point (5) areWith a distance Q, Q ═ N + L + R₁X tan alpha, wherein R₁Is the distance between the first reference point (41) and the second reference point (5); alpha is an included angle between the inclined antenna array (3) and the airframe reference line (12); and (3) projecting the center line point of each antenna array onto the first reference line (91) through D, Q and the position of the second reference point (5) to obtain a plurality of radiation source placing points (6).

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the projection of the fuselage reference line (12) on the ground is a second reference line (92), and the method of marking the verification point (10) in the step S6 comprises: three auxiliary lines which form 20 degrees, 30 degrees and 45 degrees with the perpendicular line of the second datum line (92) are made through any one point on the second datum line (92), and the distance between the three auxiliary lines and the point is R₂Is marked as a verification point (10) which is located between the first reference line (91) and the second reference line (92).

7. The method of claim 6, wherein R is a calibration and direction finding verification of an antenna array of an aircraft₂The value range of (A) is 4900cm-5000 cm.

8. A method of calibrating and direction-finding an antenna array of an aircraft according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that the fuselage (1) is brought to a horizontal position before step S1 is performed.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a calibration method, in particular to a calibration and direction finding inspection method of an aerial carrier antenna array.

Background

The electronic combat system equipped for the electronic countermeasure reconnaissance aircraft adopts the wide band antenna to carry out signal processing through multiple receiving channels, the number of the antennas is large, the reconnaissance and interception of radar targets in a full-band wide airspace can be realized, the antennas form an antenna array, and an antenna housing is arranged outside the antenna array. The fuselage is provided with skin, a gap can be formed between two adjacent skins, the gap parallel to the central axis of the fuselage is recorded as a fuselage reference line, and the antenna array is parallel to the fuselage reference line or forms a certain angle with the fuselage reference line.

In order to meet the stealth performance requirements of an airborne platform, an antenna array of an electronic warfare system generally adopts an installation mode of conformal installation with a machine body, and after the conformal installation, the skin of the airborne machine body can cause the amplitude and phase consistency among antenna units and among receiving channels to deteriorate, so that the direction-finding precision of the electronic warfare system is influenced. In order to ensure the direction-finding accuracy of the system, the electronic warfare system needs to be calibrated to ensure that the amplitude phase consistency among the antenna units and among the receiving channels can meet the requirements of accurate direction finding and positioning. The external calibration of the electronic warfare system needs to be performed in an open field by simulating a radar signal by using a signal emitted by an external radiation source under a far-field simulating condition, so that the position of the radiation source (which is recorded as a radiation source placing point) needs to be marked on the ground before the calibration is performed. The signal that the radiation source sent can simulate radar signal, in order to make the effect of calibration better, should guarantee that the signal that the radiation source sent can the parallel kicking into antenna array.

The currently used method for marking the placement point of the radiation source on the ground is as follows: firstly, disassembling an antenna housing on one side, measuring the central point of each frequency band antenna array according to the installation base line of each antenna array, then determining the corresponding vertical point of the central point of each antenna array on the ground in a manner of drawing a vertical projection at the central point of each antenna array, then drawing a vertical line at the outer edge of the antenna aperture on two sides of the antenna array with the longest installation base line, determining the vertical points of two end points of the whole antenna array on the ground, connecting the vertical points of the two end points to obtain a reference line, wherein the corresponding vertical point of the central point of each frequency band antenna array on the ground is on the reference line, and if the vertical point of the central point of each antenna array is not on the reference line and the distance error is too large, repeating the operation until the distance between the vertical point and the reference line does not exceed 5 cm; after the vertical point of the antenna array of each frequency band on the ground is determined, measuring by using a tape measure to obtain the position of each radiation source placing point which is about 5000cm away from each vertical point, and during measurement, enabling the tape measure to be perpendicular to the datum line.

As can be seen from the above operation process, the existing calibration of the antenna array of the aircraft has the following defects: firstly, the antenna housing needs to be disassembled and assembled in each calibration process, the service life of screws for connecting the engine body and the antenna housing is influenced, and the repeated disassembly and assembly of the antenna housing has certain influence on the surface quality and the step difference of the engine body; secondly, the calibration process is complicated, the efficiency is not high, the time consumption is long, the occupied resources are more, and the whole calibration and direction finding inspection process is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: aiming at the problems that the antenna housing is required to be disassembled and assembled in the process of calibrating each time in the prior art, the service life of screws for connecting a machine body and the antenna housing is influenced, the problem that the antenna housing is repeatedly disassembled and assembled to influence the surface quality and the step difference of the machine body is solved, the calibrating process is complicated, the efficiency is low, the time is long, and the occupied resources are more, so that the calibrating and direction finding testing method of the aerial array of the aerial carrier is provided.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a calibration and direction finding inspection method for an aerial carrier antenna array comprises the following steps:

s1: selecting any point on a fuselage reference line as a reference point, calculating a first distance between a turning point and the reference point, calculating a first distance between a center point of each parallel antenna array and the reference point, and calculating a second distance between the center point of each inclined antenna array and the turning point; the first distance is a distance along the direction of the central line of the oblique antenna array, and the second distance is a distance along the direction parallel to the central line of the antenna array; the turning point is a projection point of an intersection point of a central line of the inclined antenna array and a central line of the parallel antenna array on a reference line of the machine body;

s2: projecting the reference point to the ground to obtain a first reference point, arranging a first laser level meter at the first reference point, wherein the first laser level meter sends out two beams of light rays which are perpendicular to each other, so that the first beam of light rays sent out by the first laser level meter is overlapped/parallel with the reference line of the machine body, marking a second reference point on the ground, and positioning the second reference point on the ground projection of the second beam of light rays sent out by the first laser level meter;

s3: setting a second laser level at the second reference point, so that the projection of a first beam of light emitted by the second laser level on the ground passes through the first reference point, and the straight line of the projection of a second beam of light emitted by the second laser level on the ground is a first reference line;

s4: projecting the center point of each antenna array to the first datum line according to the first distances and the second distances measured in the step S1 and the positions of the second datum points marked in the step S2 to obtain a plurality of radiation source placement points, wherein the projection direction of the center point of each antenna array is a direction perpendicular to the center line of the corresponding antenna array;

s5: setting a radiation source at the radiation source placement point to calibrate the antenna array;

s6: marking a verification point on the ground, and arranging a radiation source at the verification point to carry out direction-finding inspection on the antenna array.

The marking of the position of the radiation source placing point and the position of the verification point by adopting the method can obtain the position of the turning point by depending on the design data of the machine body, the reference line of the machine body is also positioned on the surface of the machine body and can be observed by naked eyes, therefore, when the antenna array of the aerial carrier is calibrated and direction-finding is carried out, the antenna housing does not need to be disassembled and assembled, the positions of the far-field marked radiation source placing point and the verification point can be completed only by utilizing the first distance between the turning point and the reference point, the first distance between the central point of each parallel antenna array and the reference point, the second distance between the central point of each inclined antenna array and the turning point and the laser level meter, the influence on the service life of a screw for connecting the aerial carrier and the antenna housing is avoided, the influence of repeated antenna housing assembly and disassembly on the surface quality and the step difference of the machine body is avoided, the calibration process is simplified, and the calibration efficiency is improved; the radiation sources are arranged on a straight line, so that the positions of the radiation source placement points can be conveniently marked on the ground.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first reference point and the second reference point areAt a distance of R₁，R₁The value range of (A) is 4920cm to 5050 cm.

As a preferable scheme of the present invention, in the step S2, an auxiliary point is further marked, and the auxiliary point is located on the ground projection of the second beam of light emitted by the first laser level; in step S3, the first beam of light emitted from the second laser level is projected on the ground while passing through the first reference point and the auxiliary point.

The auxiliary points are marked on the ground, and the position of the second laser instrument is further restrained through the auxiliary points, so that the parallelism between the second datum line and the first datum line can be improved.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary points include a first auxiliary point and a second auxiliary point, the first auxiliary point is spaced from the first reference point by 500cm to 1000cm, and the second auxiliary point is spaced from the first reference point by 2500cm to 3500 cm.

In S1, a first distance between the reference point and the turning point is L, a first distance between a center point of the parallel antenna array and the reference point is M, and a second distance between a center point of the tilted antenna array and the turning point is N; in S4, a distance between a projection of the center point of the parallel antenna array on the first reference line and the second reference point is D, D is M, a distance between a projection of the center point of the tilted antenna array on the first reference line and the second reference point is Q, Q is N + L + R₁X tan alpha, wherein R₁Is the distance between the first reference point and the second reference point; alpha is an included angle between the inclined antenna array and the reference line of the machine body; and projecting the center line point of each antenna array to the first reference line through D, Q and the position of the second reference point to obtain a plurality of radiation source placement points.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the projection of the fuselage reference line on the ground is a second reference line, and the method for marking the verification point in step S6 includes: making an angle of 20 degrees with the perpendicular of the second reference line through any point on the second reference line,Three auxiliary lines of 30 degrees and 45 degrees, and the distance from the point on the three auxiliary lines is R₂The point of (a) is marked as a verification point, which is located between the first reference line and the second reference line.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, R₂The value range of (A) is 4900cm-5000 cm.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the body is set in a horizontal state before the step S1 is performed.

The fuselage is kept horizontal, so that the fuselage can be prevented from tilting forwards and backwards or leftwards and rightwards in the calibration process.

In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the calibration of the radiation source placing points can be completed without disassembling the antenna housing, the working time of the whole calibration and direction finding inspection process of the electronic warfare system is prolonged, the cost is saved, and the resource occupation is reduced.

2. The steps of the calibration process and the direction finding inspection process of the antenna array are correlated, and the second datum line marked in the calibration process of the radiation source placing point can be used in the calibration process of the verification point, so that the calibration and the direction finding inspection processes of the antenna array are accelerated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the distribution of antenna arrays on a fuselage;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of parallel antenna arrays and tilted antenna arrays in a vertical plane;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the positions of a line point, a turning point, a first reference point, a second reference point, and a radiation source placement point in an antenna array;

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of marking a radiation source placement point location;

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of marking a verification point location.

Icon: 1-a fuselage; 12-fuselage reference line; 2-a parallel antenna array; 20-parallel antenna array center line; 21-a first parallel antenna array; 22-a second parallel antenna array; 23-a third parallel antenna array; 3-tilting the antenna array; 30-tilting the central line of the antenna array; 31-a first tilted antenna array; 32-a second tilted antenna array; 4-a reference point; 41-a first datum point; 5-a second datum point; 6-radiation source placement point; 7-turning point; 71-turning point projection; 8-auxiliary points; 91-a first reference line; 92-a second reference line; 93-a third reference line; 10-verification point.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Example 1

A method for calibrating and testing direction of an antenna is provided, a radiation source placing point 6 and a verification point 10 are marked by utilizing the structure of a machine body 1 and the position of an antenna array installed on the machine body 1, the position relation of a machine body reference line 12, a parallel antenna array 2 and an inclined antenna array 3 on the machine body 1 is shown in figure 1, wherein the parallel antenna array 2 refers to the antenna array of which the central line is parallel to the machine body reference line 12, the inclined antenna array 3 refers to the antenna array of which the central line forms a certain angle with the machine body reference line 12, and the angle is marked as alpha; as shown in fig. 2, the parallel antenna array 2 includes a first parallel antenna array 21, a second parallel antenna array 22 and a third parallel antenna array 23; the tilt antenna array 3 includes a first tilt antenna array 31 and a second tilt antenna array 32. The first distance mentioned in this embodiment is a distance along a direction parallel to the antenna array centerline 20 (i.e. the direction of the fuselage reference line 12), and the second distance is a distance along a direction inclined to the antenna array centerline 30, and when not specifically mentioned, the projection direction in this embodiment is the direction perpendicular to the ground by default.

Before calibration, a jack or other devices are adopted to enable the machine body 1 to be horizontal, so that the machine body 1 is prevented from tilting forwards and backwards or horizontally.

The calibration process includes step S1: an arbitrary point on the fuselage reference line 12 is selected as the reference point 4, and as shown in fig. 3, a first distance M between the center point of the parallel antenna array 2 and the reference point 4, a first distance L between the reference point 4 and the turning point 7, and a second distance N between the center point of the oblique antenna array 3 and the turning point 7 are calculated according to the design data of the aircraft. The turning point 7 is a projection of an intersection point of the inclined antenna array central line 30 and the parallel antenna array central line 20 on the body reference line 12, and the projection direction is a direction perpendicular to the body reference line 12.

S2: projecting a reference point 4 to the ground to obtain a first reference point 41, arranging a first laser level meter at the position of the first reference point 41, enabling the first laser level meter to emit two beams of light which are perpendicular to each other, enabling a first beam of light emitted by the first laser level meter to coincide with a fuselage reference line 12, marking a second reference point 5 on the ground, enabling the second reference point 5 and the first reference point 4 to be located on the ground projection of a second beam of light emitted by the first laser meter, and enabling the distance between the second reference point 5 and the first reference point 4 to be R₁，R₁The value range of (A) is from 4920cm to 5050 cm. To facilitate marking of the verification point 10 during subsequent direction finding verification, the fuselage reference line 12 may be projected to the ground and recorded as a second reference line 92.

S3: and arranging a second laser at the position of the second reference point 5, enabling the second laser to emit two beams of light which are vertical to each other, enabling the projection of the first beam of light emitted by the second laser on the ground to pass through the first reference point 41, marking the projection of the second beam of light emitted by the second laser on the ground, and marking the projection as a first reference line 91. Wherein, the first laser instrument and the second laser instrument can be the same laser instrument. In order to improve the parallelism between the first reference line 91 and the second reference line 92, in the process of marking the second reference line 5 in step S2, the auxiliary points 8 may be marked on the ground at the same time, the number of the auxiliary points 8 may be determined according to the distance between the second reference line 92 and the first reference line 91, in this embodiment, two auxiliary points 8 are adopted and respectively marked as a first auxiliary point and a second auxiliary point, the distance between the first auxiliary point and the first reference line 41 is 500cm-1000cm, the distance between the second auxiliary point and the first reference line 41 is 2500cm-3500cm, and the first auxiliary point and the second auxiliary point are both located on the ground projection of the second light beam emitted by the first laser instrument.

S4: the center point of the tilt antenna array 3 and the center point of the parallel antenna array 2 are projected onto the first reference line 91, and the resulting projections are projectedThe shadow point mark is a radiation source placing point 6; the projection direction of the central point of the antenna array is the direction vertical to the central line of the corresponding antenna array; specifically, the projection direction of the central point of the tilted antenna array 3 is a direction perpendicular to the tilted antenna array central line 30, and the projection direction of the central point of the parallel antenna array 2 is a direction perpendicular to the parallel antenna array central line 20. The position of the radiation source placement point 6 can be obtained in connection with the data calculated in S1 during the projection. Specifically, fig. 3 is a top view, as shown in fig. 3, the turning point 7 is at a distance L from the reference point 4, and the radiation source placing point 6 corresponding to the projection point of the central point of the tilted antenna array 3 on the first reference line 91 is at a distance Q from the second reference point 5, since in practical cases R is₁> L, as can be seen from FIG. 3, Q ═ N + L + R₁X tan α; the radiation source placement point 6 corresponding to the projection point of the center point of the parallel antenna array 2 on the first reference line 91 is at a distance D from the second reference point 5, which is known as D ═ M in fig. 3.

Similarly, when the number of the tilt antenna array 3 and the parallel antenna array 2 is more than one, as shown in fig. 2. FIG. 4 is a top view, as shown in FIG. 4, a turning point projection 71 is obtained by projecting the turning point 7 to the ground, and a distance between the first reference point 41 and the turning point projection 71 is L₁(ii) a As shown in fig. 4, the passing turning point projection 71 forms a third reference line 93 having an angle α with the second reference line 92.

Projecting the central point of each parallel antenna array to a second reference line 92, and projecting the central line point of each inclined antenna array to a third reference line 93; the projection direction of the central point of the antenna array is the direction vertical to the central line of the corresponding antenna array. As shown in FIG. 4, the center point of the first tilted antenna array 31 and the second distance from the center point of the second tilted antenna array 32 to the turning point projection 71 are N₁And N₂The distances from the center point of the first tilted antenna array 31 and the center point of the second tilted antenna array 32 to the second reference point 5 on the first reference line 91 are Q₁And Q₂(ii) a Due to the fact that R is in practical condition₁＞＞L₁As can be seen from FIG. 4, Q₁＝N₁+L₁+R₁×tanα，D₅＝N₂+L₁+R₁X tan α; first parallelThe distances from the center point of the antenna array 21, the center point of the second parallel antenna array 22 and the center point of the third parallel antenna array 23 to the first reference point 41 are respectively M₁、M₂And M₃Distances D from the center point of the first parallel antenna array 21, the center point of the second parallel antenna array 22, and the projected point of the center point of the third parallel antenna array 23 on the first reference line 91 to the second reference point 5 are respectively₁、D₂And D₃From FIG. 4, D is readily understood₁＝M₁，D₂＝M₂，D₃＝M₃. Wherein L is₁、N₁、N₂、M₁、M₂And M₃Can be obtained by the existing data calculation. The distance from the center point of each antenna array to the second reference point 5 on the first reference line 91 can be obtained in the above manner, and the position of each signal source placement point 6 is marked.

S5: a radiation source is placed at each radiation source placement point 6 and each antenna array is calibrated.

S6: the verification point 10 is marked on the ground, specifically, at any point on the second reference line 92, since the first reference point 41 has been marked in step S2, the verification point 10 is marked with the first reference point 41 in this embodiment as an example. As shown in FIG. 5, the first reference point 41 is an auxiliary line having an angle θ with respect to the perpendicular of the second reference line 92, and the auxiliary line is spaced from the first reference point 41 by a distance R₂Is marked as a verification point 10, R₂The range of values of (a) is 4900cm-5000cm, and the verification point 10 is located between the second reference line 92 and the first reference line 91. Wherein θ is respectively 20 °, 30 °, and 45 °, to obtain three verification points 10, and the specific number of the verification points 10 and the value of θ can be determined by those skilled in the art according to actual conditions. After marking of the verification point 10 is completed, a radiation source is arranged at the position of the verification point 10, and direction-finding inspection is carried out on each antenna array.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.