阅读说明：本技术 一种黑猪的培育方法 (Black pig breeding method ) 是由 和建忠 陈继峰 张腾飞 和元杰 于 2021-09-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种黑猪的培育方法,初代族群的挑选,选择纯种梅山猪作为母本,纯种藏香猪为父本,进行杂交,待梅山猪母本产仔后,选择母猪仔作为一代母本备用；二代族群的挑选,待第一步的一代母本猪仔饲养至发情期,选择纯种乌金猪为父本,进行杂交,待一代母本产仔后,选择母猪仔作为二代母本备用；第三步,种猪的挑选,待第二步的二代母本猪仔饲养至发情期,选择纯种杜洛克猪为父本,进行杂交,待二代母本产仔后,将猪仔作为种猪；第四步,种猪的饲养,在养殖过程中,喂食饲料三次,本发明的培育方法培育出的猪仔生长速度快,抗病性强,同时本申请的饲料饲喂猪仔,可以促进猪仔的生长,提升猪仔的饲食量和抗病性。(The invention discloses a method for breeding black pigs, which comprises the steps of selecting a first generation of herd, selecting pure-breed Meishan pigs as female parents, selecting pure-breed Tibetan fragrant pigs as male parents, carrying out hybridization, and selecting sow piglets as first generation female parents for later use after the Meishan pigs female parents farrowing; selecting a second generation group, namely breeding a first generation female parent piglet to estrus in the first step, selecting a pure black-gold pig as a male parent for hybridization, and selecting a sow piglet as a second generation female parent for later use after the first generation female parent farrowing; thirdly, selecting the breeding pigs, namely selecting pure duroc pigs as male parents when the second-generation female parents piglings in the second step are raised to the oestrus, hybridizing, and taking the piglings as the breeding pigs after the second-generation female parents farrowing; and fourthly, breeding the boar, wherein the boar is fed with the feed for three times in the breeding process, the piglet bred by the breeding method disclosed by the invention is high in growth speed and strong in disease resistance, and meanwhile, the feed for feeding the piglet can promote the growth of the piglet and improve the feed amount and the disease resistance of the piglet.)

1. A method for breeding black pigs is characterized by comprising the following steps: it comprises the following steps:

the first step, selecting the first generation of herd, selecting pure breed Meishan pigs as female parent and pure breed Tibetan fragrant pigs as male parent, hybridizing, and after the Meishan pigs female parent farrowing, selecting the sow farrowing as the first generation female parent for feeding and standby;

selecting a second generation of group, namely, when the first generation female parent piglet in the first step is raised to the oestrus, selecting a pure black-gold pig as a male parent for hybridization, and after the first generation female parent farrowing, selecting a sow piglet as a second generation female parent for raising and standby;

thirdly, selecting a boar, namely selecting a pure duroc pig as a male parent when the second-generation female parent pigling of the second step is raised to the oestrus, hybridizing, and taking the pigling as the boar for later use after the second-generation female parent farrowing;

and fourthly, breeding the boars, wherein in the breeding process, the boars are fed with the feed three times a day, and the feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 81.3 parts of main feed, 17.5 parts of wild vegetables and 1.2 parts of additive;

the main feed comprises coarse feed and Chinese herbal medicine;

the coarse fodder comprises semen Maydis, rhizoma Solani Tuber osi, sweet Potato, and testa oryzae;

the Chinese herbal medicines comprise herba Houttuyniae, truffle, pericarpium Citri Tangerinae, radix Codonopsis, radix astragali, fructus Hordei Germinatus, Arecae semen powder, and folium Pini powder;

the wild vegetables include folium Broussonetiae, sweet potato leaf, beet leaf, herba Medicaginis, Lolium Perenne, Rumex, herba Spinaciae, herba Cichorii, herba Trifolii Pratentis, and herba Dianthi;

the additive is salt and fish meal.

2. The method for breeding black pigs according to claim 1, wherein: the coarse feed comprises 30 parts of corn, 20 parts of potato, 20 parts of sweet potato and 3 parts of bran coat.

3. The method for breeding black pigs according to claim 1, wherein: the Chinese herbal medicine comprises 0.5 part of heartleaf houttuynia herb, 0.8 part of truffle, 0.5 part of dried orange peel, 0.5 part of pilose asiabell root, 0.5 part of astragalus, 2 parts of malt, 0.5 part of areca powder and 3 parts of pine needle powder.

4. The method for breeding black pigs according to claim 1, wherein: the wild vegetables comprise 9 parts of broussonetia papyrifera leaves, 2 parts of sweet potato leaves, 1 part of beet leaves, 0.5 part of alfalfa, 0.5 part of wheat straw, 1 part of water sifter, 0.5 part of rumex, 0.5 part of spinach, 1 part of white cauliflower, 0.5 part of chicory, 0.5 part of red clover and 0.5 part of yellow bamboo grass.

5. The method for breeding black pigs according to claim 1, wherein: the additive comprises 0.2 part of salt and 1 part of fish meal.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to a method for breeding black pigs.

Background

In China, from the pig variety category, there are black Chinese pigs, foreign pigs and wild Chinese pigs. In general, the breeding breeds are mainly the hybridization breeding of domestic black pigs and foreign white pigs, and at present, domesticated wild pigs are also used as commercial products for breeding. As for the pig variety, the black pig in China has black hair, much fat meat, less lean meat, coarse feed resistance, slow production speed, good taste and poor commodity. And the foreign ocean pigs have less fat meat, high lean meat percentage, more feed requirements, high growth speed, short growth period, poor taste and good commodity. In order to obtain a pig breed with a high growth rate, a domestic black pig and a foreign pig are generally used as parents to breed commercial pigs and serve as breeding commercial pigs. The commercial pig has good economical efficiency and high growth speed. In order to maintain the purity of the breed, the black pig individuals in China are usually bred, and offspring of the black pig breed is bred and is fed as commercial pigs. The foreign white pig also carries out self-reproduction to produce offspring commercial pig. However, due to the disordered pig variety and unclear provenance of the commercial piglet breeding, the genes of the hybridized piglets are changeable, bad characters are easy to appear, the feeding performance, the commodity performance and the meat quality of offspring pigs are affected, and meanwhile, in the aspect of feed selection, the existing feed generally causes the fast growth of live pigs, so that the meat feeling is poor, the meat quality and the nutritional value are not high, and the disease resistance of individuals is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for breeding black pigs, aiming at overcoming the defects in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.

A method for breeding black pigs comprises the following steps:

the first step, selecting the first generation of herd, selecting pure breed Meishan pigs as female parent and pure breed Tibetan fragrant pigs as male parent, hybridizing, and after the Meishan pigs female parent farrowing, selecting the sow farrowing as the first generation female parent for feeding and standby;

selecting a second generation of group, namely, when the first generation female parent piglet in the first step is raised to the oestrus, selecting a pure black-gold pig as a male parent for hybridization, and after the first generation female parent farrowing, selecting a sow piglet as a second generation female parent for raising and standby;

thirdly, selecting a boar, namely selecting a pure duroc pig as a male parent when the second-generation female parent pigling of the second step is raised to the oestrus, hybridizing, and taking the pigling as the boar for later use after the second-generation female parent farrowing;

and fourthly, breeding the boars, wherein in the breeding process, the boars are fed with the feed three times a day, and the feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 81.3 parts of main feed, 17.5 parts of wild vegetables and 1.2 parts of additive;

the main feed comprises coarse feed and Chinese herbal medicine;

the coarse fodder comprises semen Maydis, rhizoma Solani Tuber osi, sweet Potato, and testa oryzae;

the Chinese herbal medicines comprise herba Houttuyniae, truffle, pericarpium Citri Tangerinae, radix Codonopsis, radix astragali, fructus Hordei Germinatus, Arecae semen powder, and folium Pini powder;

the wild vegetables include folium Broussonetiae, sweet potato leaf, beet leaf, herba Medicaginis, Lolium Perenne, Rumex, herba Spinaciae, herba Cichorii, herba Trifolii Pratentis, and herba Dianthi;

the additive is salt and fish meal.

Further, the coarse feed comprises 30 parts of corn, 20 parts of potato, 20 parts of sweet potato and 3 parts of bran coat.

Further, the Chinese herbal medicines comprise 0.5 part of houttuynia cordata, 0.8 part of truffle, 0.5 part of dried orange peel, 0.5 part of codonopsis pilosula, 0.5 part of astragalus membranaceus, 2 parts of malt, 0.5 part of betel nut powder and 3 parts of pine needle powder.

Furthermore, the wild vegetables comprise 9 parts of broussonetia papyrifera leaves, 2 parts of sweet potato leaves, 1 part of beet leaves, 0.5 part of alfalfa, 0.5 part of wheat straw, 1 part of water sifter, 0.5 part of rumex, 0.5 part of spinach, 1 part of white cauliflower, 0.5 part of chicory, 0.5 part of red clover and 0.5 part of yellow bamboo grass.

Further, the additive comprises 0.2 part of common salt and 1 part of fish meal.

The piglet cultivated by the cultivation method disclosed by the invention is high in growth speed and strong in disease resistance, and meanwhile, the piglet is fed by the feed disclosed by the invention, so that the growth of the piglet can be promoted, and the feed amount and the disease resistance of the piglet are improved.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but is not limited to the details of the description.

A method for breeding black pigs comprises the following steps:

the first step, selecting the first generation of herd, selecting pure breed Meishan pigs as female parent and pure breed Tibetan fragrant pigs as male parent, hybridizing, and after the Meishan pigs female parent farrowing, selecting the sow farrowing as the first generation female parent for feeding and standby;

selecting a second generation of group, namely, when the first generation female parent piglet in the first step is raised to the oestrus, selecting a pure black-gold pig as a male parent for hybridization, and after the first generation female parent farrowing, selecting a sow piglet as a second generation female parent for raising and standby;

thirdly, selecting a boar, namely selecting a pure duroc pig as a male parent when the second-generation female parent pigling of the second step is raised to the oestrus, hybridizing, and taking the pigling (the best black pigling) as the boar for later use after the second-generation female parent farrowing;

and fourthly, breeding pigs, wherein in the breeding process, the breeding pigs are scattered in mountain forests in daytime and are bred in pens in breeding plants at night, the breeding pigs can also be bred in the breeding plants all day long, and the breeding pigs are fed with the feed for three times every day, wherein the feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 81.3 parts of main feed, 17.5 parts of wild vegetables and 1.2 parts of additive;

the main feed comprises coarse feed and Chinese herbal medicines, wherein the coarse feed comprises corn, potato, sweet potato and bran coat.

The Chinese herbal medicines comprise herba Houttuyniae, truffle, pericarpium Citri Tangerinae, radix Codonopsis, radix astragali, fructus Hordei Germinatus, Arecae semen powder, and folium Pini powder.

The wild vegetables are folium Broussonetiae, sweet potato leaf, beet leaf, herba Medicaginis, Lolium Perenne, Rumex, herba Spinaciae, herba Cichorii, herba Trifolii Pratentis, and herba Sambuci Bullenii.

The additive comprises 0.2 part of salt and 1 part of fish meal.

The primary female parent Meishan pig is small in body, thin in skin, early-maturing, high in reproductive capacity, strong in lactation capacity, long in service life and delicious in meat quality and is well known in the world. The small Meishan pigs have the advantages of clear and beautiful appearance, small heads, shallow and few frontal wrinkles, moderate sizes, thinness and drooping ears, thin and thin fur, flat back and waist, firm and powerful limbs, white hooves of the limbs, uniformly arranged nipples and 16-18 nipples.

The fragrant pig is slightly small in size, similar to a wild pig in appearance, long and sharp in mouth, suitable for arching, narrow in face, slightly few in wrinkles, vertical in two ears, long in bristles, easy to stand, relatively inclined in hip, relatively high in rear trunk, relatively small in four limbs, relatively firm and compact, and generally black in hair color. The Tibetan fragrant pig has fine meat quality, less fat and high nutritive value, and the lean meat can be more than 40 percent.

The first generation male parent black-gold pig has the advantages of firm constitution, moderate head size, moderate drooping in ears, thick and straight mouth tube, slightly narrow body, straight waist and back, strong limbs, few and shallow wrinkles, strong and powerful limbs, higher back body than front body, fresh and tender meat quality, comfortable and delicious taste and much lean meat.

The second-generation male parent duroc boar has the advantages of high growth speed, large skeleton, low feed-meat ratio and delicious meat quality.

The roughage comprises 30 parts of corn, 20 parts of potato, 20 parts of sweet potato and 3 parts of bran coat.

The Chinese herbal medicine in the feed comprises 0.5 part of houttuynia cordata, 0.8 part of truffle, 0.5 part of dried orange peel, 0.5 part of codonopsis pilosula, 0.5 part of astragalus membranaceus, 2 parts of malt, 0.5 part of betel nut powder and 3 parts of pine needle powder. The cordate houttuynia has the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, inducing diuresis and reducing edema, and the truffle contains rich proteins, amino acids, unsaturated fatty acids, multiple vitamins, zinc, manganese, iron, calcium, phosphorus, selenium and other essential trace elements and can enhance the immunity of pigs. The dried orange peel has the effects of regulating qi, strengthening spleen, eliminating dampness and phlegm, and can reduce abdominal fullness and distention, anorexia, vomiting and diarrhea of pigs. The codonopsis pilosula has the effects of tonifying middle-jiao and Qi, quenching thirst, strengthening spleen and tonifying lung, nourishing blood and promoting fluid production, and can enhance the appetite of pigs. The astragalus can enhance the physique of the pigs and reduce the occurrence of diseases. The malt is prepared by soaking wheat grains in water, keeping proper temperature and humidity, and drying in the sun or at low temperature when sprouts grow to about 5mm, and has the effects of promoting qi circulation, resolving food stagnation, invigorating spleen, stimulating appetite, promoting lactation and relieving flatulence, and can enhance appetite of pigs and promote digestion.

The wild vegetables in the feed comprise 9 parts of broussonetia papyrifera leaves, 2 parts of sweet potato leaves, 1 part of beet leaves, 0.5 part of alfalfa, 0.5 part of wheat straw, 1 part of water sifter, 0.5 part of rumex, 0.5 part of spinach, 1 part of white cauliflower, 0.5 part of chicory, 0.5 part of red clover and 0.5 part of yellow bamboo grass.

The broussonetia papyrifera leaves, sweet potato leaves, beet leaves, spinach and white cauliflower contain juice, have high protein content, and can provide amino acid, vitamins, carbohydrates, trace elements and other nutritional ingredients for pigs.

The alfalfa, the wheat straw, the Mexican grass, the Rumex, the chicory, the Trifolium pratense and the Phyllostachys nigra can increase the dietary fiber of the pig, enhance the intestinal peristalsis of the pig, facilitate the digestion and absorption of the pig, have a certain medicinal effect, enhance the immunity of the pig and reduce the occurrence of diseases.

The pine needle powder has high nutritive value, also contains bioactive substances such as flavone, hormone, terpenoid and the like, and has obvious promotion effects on promoting the growth and development of livestock and poultry, enhancing disease resistance, improving reproductive function and the like.

The areca nut powder has the effects of killing parasites, breaking food retention, reducing qi, activating stagnancy, promoting diuresis and resolving dampness, and can prevent pig diarrhea.

The performance and effect of piglets and feeds to be bred will be described below by way of examples.

Experiment one

An experimental field: lanchang Jianhao agricultural pig raising factory

Selecting piglets bred by the application as experimental groups 1 and 2, and selecting characters; selecting 30 pigs of 28 days old, close in weight, healthy and disease-free, randomly dividing into 3 groups, and feeding 10 pigs in a pig raising factory;

selecting local Tibetan fragrant piglets of the blue lawn as experimental groups 3 and 4, and having characters; selecting 20 pigs with age of 28 days, similar weight, health and no disease, randomly dividing into 2 groups, and feeding 10 pigs in a pig raising factory;

selecting local black-gold piglets of the blue lawn as experimental groups 5 and 6, and determining the characters of the local black-gold piglets; selecting 20 pigs with age of 28 days, similar weight, health and no disease, randomly dividing into 2 groups, and feeding 10 pigs in a pig raising factory;

selecting the characters of Duroc piglets (Taiwan Fuchang group) as experimental groups 7 and 8; selecting 20 pigs with age of 28 days, similar weight, health and no disease, randomly dividing into 2 groups, and feeding 10 pigs in a pig raising factory;

four experimental groups were fed the same commercial feed (experimental groups 1, 3, 5, 7) and the same feed as the present application (experimental groups 2, 4, 6, 8) in the same pig farm

The commercial feed is the puffed corn feed of Jiangsu Shichang agriculture and pasture GmbH.

The feeding method is conventional feeding, and the feeding is carried out according to the management of a pig raising factory, the feeding is carried out three times a day, the cleaning is carried out once, and the weight, the end weight, the average daily feed intake and the diarrhea condition of the piglets at the beginning of the experiment are recorded (the diarrhea is recorded once every day for each piglet).

The following table shows the comparison of the growth performance indexes of the piglets fed for 28 days in different experimental groups

From the results of experimental groups 1, 3, 5 and 7 and experimental groups 2, 4, 6 and 8, it was found that the same commercial feed or the feed of the present application was fed under the same feeding conditions. The daily gain of the piglets bred by the breeding method is the largest, which shows that the piglets bred by the breeding method have more excellent growth performance and less days for diarrhea, and shows that the disease resistance of the piglets is also caused by the current Tibetan fragrant pigs, black-gold pigs and Duroc pigs.

From experimental groups 1, 2, experimental groups 3, 4, experimental groups 5, 6, the results of experimental groups 7, 8 contrast each other and know, the piglet of the same breed, feed commercial fodder and the fodder of this application, after feeding the fodder of this application, compare and feed commercial maize fodder, the daily gain of piglet of each breed all increases to some extent, and daily average feed intake also increases, show that the fodder of this application can promote the appetite of piglet, increase the growth rate of piglet, simultaneously, can know through the diarrhea day, feed the fodder of this application, the diarrhea day of piglet descends obviously, show that the fodder of this application can strengthen the physique of piglet, the disease resistance reinforcing.

It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. Not all embodiments are exhaustive. All obvious changes and modifications which are obvious to the technical scheme of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.