阅读说明：本技术 一种饲养雏鸡的方法 (Method for raising chicks ) 是由 朱良瑞 苏波 于 2021-09-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种饲养雏鸡的方法,属于家禽养殖技术领域。饲养雏鸡的方法,包括：饲养环境：饲养雏鸡的起始温度31-33℃,2天后每日降0.5℃,最后稳定在24-25℃；初生-7日龄雏鸡,湿度为68-70％；8-15日龄雏鸡,湿度为62-65％；光照：初生-3日龄,24小时光照,4-15日龄,按照蛋雏鸡光照程序进行；喂水方式：雏鸡初生起交替式喂第一饮水和第二饮水,第一天喂第一饮水,第二天则喂第二饮水,第三天喂第一饮水,所述第一饮水中含有20-90ppm的高锰酸钾；所述第二饮水中含有益生菌。本发明提出的方法避免了小鸡的肠道感染,结合其他饲养条件使得小鸡的存活率可高达100％。(The invention discloses a method for raising chicks, and belongs to the technical field of poultry breeding. A method of feeding chicks, comprising: a breeding environment: the initial temperature of the chicks is 31-33 ℃, the temperature is reduced by 0.5 ℃ every day after 2 days, and the temperature is finally stabilized at 24-25 ℃; the humidity of the newborn-7-day-old chicks is 68-70 percent; 8-15 days old chicks with the humidity of 62-65%; illumination: the young layer is born at the age of 3 days, is illuminated for 24 hours, is illuminated for 4 to 15 days, and is illuminated according to the illumination program of the laying chicks; the water feeding mode is as follows: feeding the chicks with first drinking water and second drinking water alternately from the beginning, wherein the first drinking water is fed on the first day, the second drinking water is fed on the second day, and the first drinking water is fed on the third day, wherein the first drinking water contains 20-90ppm of potassium permanganate; the second drinking water contains probiotics. The method provided by the invention avoids intestinal infection of the chickens, and the survival rate of the chickens can reach 100% by combining with other feeding conditions.)

1. A method of raising a chicken, comprising:

a breeding environment: the initial temperature of the chicks is 31-33 ℃, the temperature is reduced by 0.5 ℃ every day after 2 days, and the temperature is finally stabilized at 24-25 ℃; the humidity of the newborn-7-day-old chicks is 68-70 percent; 8-15 days old chicks with the humidity of 62-65%; illumination: the young layer is born at the age of 3 days, is illuminated for 24 hours, is illuminated for 4 to 15 days, and is illuminated according to the illumination program of the laying chicks;

feeding mode: feeding the feed freely;

the water feeding mode is as follows: the chicks are alternately fed with first drinking water and second drinking water from the beginning, the first drinking water is fed on the first day, the second drinking water is fed on the second day, the first drinking water is fed on the third day, the first drinking water is fed in the alternating way for 15 days, and the first drinking water contains 20-90ppm of potassium permanganate; the second drinking water contains probiotics.

2. The method of feeding chicks as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the first drinking water and the second drinking water is 25-30 ℃ in the water feeding mode.

3. The method of feeding chicks according to claim 1, wherein the watering age is between birth and 15 days old in the watering pattern.

4. The method for feeding chicks according to claim 1, wherein the feed is prepared by mixing feed A and feed B, and the mass ratio of the feed A to the feed B is 1: 0.01-0.02; the feed A comprises 45-55 parts of corn flour, 8-10 parts of seaweed powder, 5-10 parts of shrimp meal, 1-3 parts of edible oil, 0.5-1 part of salt, 2-6 parts of earthworm powder, 2-4 parts of eggshell powder and 5-10 parts of white sugar by weight; the feed B comprises, by weight, 10-30 parts of dark plum powder and 70-90 parts of hawthorn powder.

5. The method of feeding chicks as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the feed is prepared by the following steps: and mixing the components of the feed A according to the proportion, mixing the components of the feed B according to the proportion, and then continuously mixing the feed A and the feed B according to the proportion to obtain the feed.

6. Method for feeding chicks according to claim 1, characterized in that the following is carried out in particular according to the egg chicks lighting program: the light was applied for 23 hours a day.

7. The method of feeding chicks of claim 4, wherein the edible oil is peanut oil.

8. The method for feeding chicks according to claim 4, wherein the feed is prepared by mixing feed A and feed B, and the mass ratio of the feed A to the feed B is 1: 0.01; the feed A comprises 45 parts of corn flour, 9 parts of seaweed meal, 8 parts of shrimp meal, 2 parts of edible oil, 0.6 part of salt, 6 parts of earthworm powder, 2 parts of eggshell powder and 5 parts of white sugar; the feed B comprises, by weight, 10 parts of dark plum powder and 80 parts of hawthorn powder.

9. The method for feeding chicks according to claim 4, wherein the feed is prepared by mixing feed A and feed B, and the mass ratio of the feed A to the feed B is 1: 0.02; the feed A comprises 55 parts of corn flour, 10 parts of seaweed meal, 5 parts of shrimp meal, 1 part of edible oil, 1 part of salt, 2 parts of earthworm powder, 3 parts of eggshell powder and 8 parts of white sugar by weight; the feed B comprises, by weight, 20 parts of dark plum powder and 70 parts of hawthorn powder.

10. The method of feeding chicks of claim 1, wherein the concentration of the probiotic in the second drinking water is 0.01-0.02%.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of poultry breeding, in particular to a method for raising chicks.

Background

The chicks are exposed to a large amount of pathogens after breaking the shell, the immune system is immature, the chicks can fully develop after a certain time, and the chicks are easy to be infected with diseases in the first two weeks of the life of the chicks. The intestinal tract is the first defense line for defending pathogenic bacteria, the number of the pathogenic bacteria is increased along with the growth of the chicks, and the microbial population reaches a mature and stable state 3 weeks after the chicks are out of shells. If pathogenic bacteria colonize in the intestinal tract early, the morphology and physiology of the intestinal tract of the chicks are affected, the sensitivity of the intestinal tract to diseases is affected, and meanwhile, the immune system of the chicks is affected, so that the long-term health of the chicks is affected. Therefore, the overall health of the chicks is closely related to the intestinal health, and the production efficiency, the food safety and the environment are influenced.

The potassium permanganate solution has strong sterilization, disinfection and anticorrosion effects, and has killing effects on various pathogenic fungi, bacteria, viruses and the like. Potassium permanganate is commonly called pp powder and gray manganese oxygen, is dark purple long thin oblique square column-shaped crystal, has metallic luster, is easy to dissolve in water and alkali liquor, is slightly soluble in methanol, acetone and sulfuric acid, is a strong oxidant, releases nascent oxygen when meeting bacteria, oxidizes active genes of the bacteria, interferes the functions of a bacterial enzyme system, and plays a role in sterilization.

When the potassium permanganate solution is used for a long time, the intestinal mucosa of the chicks can be damaged, the growth of the chicks is not facilitated, and even the death of the chicks is caused, so that how to provide a feeding method to ensure the intestinal health of the chicks and further ensure the long-term health of the chicks is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the technical defects and provide a method for feeding chicks, which solves the technical problem that the intestinal health of the chicks is influenced by improper feeding mode in the prior art, so that the chicks die.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention provides a method for raising chicks, which comprises the following steps:

a breeding environment: the initial temperature of the chicks is 31-33 ℃, the temperature is reduced by 0.5 ℃ every day after 2 days, and the temperature is finally stabilized at 24-25 ℃; the humidity of the newborn-7-day-old chicks is 68-70 percent; 8-15 days old chicks with the humidity of 62-65%; illumination: the young layer is born at the age of 3 days, is illuminated for 24 hours, is illuminated for 4 to 15 days, and is illuminated according to the illumination program of the laying chicks;

feeding mode: feeding the feed freely;

the water feeding mode is as follows: the chicks are alternately fed with first drinking water and second drinking water from the beginning, the first drinking water is fed on the first day, the second drinking water is fed on the second day, the first drinking water is fed on the third day, the first drinking water is fed in the alternating way for 15 days, and the first drinking water contains 20-90ppm of potassium permanganate; the second drinking water contains probiotics.

Further, in the water feeding mode, the temperature of the first drinking water and the second drinking water is 25-30 ℃.

Furthermore, in the water feeding mode, the water feeding age is between birth and 15 days old.

Further, the feed is prepared by mixing a feed A and a feed B, wherein the mass ratio of the feed A to the feed B is 1: 0.01-0.02; the feed A comprises 45-55 parts of corn flour, 8-10 parts of seaweed powder, 5-10 parts of shrimp meal, 1-3 parts of edible oil, 0.5-1 part of salt, 2-6 parts of earthworm powder, 2-4 parts of eggshell powder and 5-10 parts of white sugar by weight; the feed B comprises, by weight, 10-30 parts of dark plum powder and 70-90 parts of hawthorn powder.

Further, the feed is prepared by the following steps: and mixing the components of the feed A according to the proportion, mixing the components of the feed B according to the proportion, and then continuously mixing the feed A and the feed B according to the proportion to obtain the feed.

Further, the following is specifically performed according to an illumination program of the egg-laying chicks: the light was applied for 23 hours a day.

Further, the edible oil is peanut oil.

Further, the feed is prepared by mixing a feed A and a feed B, wherein the mass ratio of the feed A to the feed B is 1: 0.01; the feed A comprises 45 parts of corn flour, 9 parts of seaweed meal, 8 parts of shrimp meal, 2 parts of edible oil, 0.6 part of salt, 6 parts of earthworm powder, 2 parts of eggshell powder and 5 parts of white sugar; the feed B comprises, by weight, 10 parts of dark plum powder and 80 parts of hawthorn powder.

Further, the feed is prepared by mixing a feed A and a feed B, wherein the mass ratio of the feed A to the feed B is 1: 0.02; the feed A comprises 55 parts of corn flour, 10 parts of seaweed meal, 5 parts of shrimp meal, 1 part of edible oil, 1 part of salt, 2 parts of earthworm powder, 3 parts of eggshell powder and 8 parts of white sugar by weight; the feed B comprises, by weight, 20 parts of dark plum powder and 70 parts of hawthorn powder.

Further, the concentration of the probiotics in the second drinking water is 0.01-0.02%.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: under the feeding environment provided by the invention, a proper humidity and illumination environment is provided for the chicks, free feed intake is adopted, the first drinking water and the second drinking water are alternately fed in a water feeding mode, the first drinking water is fed in the first day, the second drinking water is fed in the second day, the first drinking water is fed in the third day, the second drinking water is fed in the fourth day, and the water is alternately fed for 15 days, wherein the first drinking water contains 20-90ppm of potassium permanganate, the second drinking water contains probiotics, the lower-concentration potassium permanganate can kill escherichia coli, salmonella, coccidium and the like, the probiotics further inhibit harmful bacteria and purify intestinal tracts of the chicks, the function is alternately played, the intestinal infection of the chicks is avoided, and the survival rate of the chicks can reach 100% by combining other feeding conditions.

Detailed Description

The present embodiment provides a method of raising a chicken, comprising:

a breeding environment: the initial temperature for raising chicks is 31-33 ℃, the temperature is reduced by 0.5 ℃ every day after 2 days, and finally the temperature is stabilized at 24-25 ℃; the humidity of the newborn-7-day-old chicks is 68-70 percent; 8-15 days old chicks with the humidity of 62-65%; illumination: the young layer is grown for-3 days, the illumination is carried out for 24 hours, the young layer is grown for 4-15 days, the illumination is carried out according to the illumination program of the laying chicks, and the illumination is carried out for 23 hours every day;

feeding mode: feeding the feed freely; the feed is prepared by mixing a feed A and a feed B, wherein the mass ratio of the feed A to the feed B is 1: 0.01-0.02; the feed A comprises 45-55 parts of corn flour, 8-10 parts of seaweed meal, 5-10 parts of shrimp meal, 1-3 parts of edible oil peanut oil, 0.5-1 part of salt, 2-6 parts of earthworm powder, 2-4 parts of eggshell powder and 5-10 parts of white sugar by weight; the feed B comprises 10-30 parts of dark plum powder and 70-90 parts of hawthorn powder by weight; mixing the components of the feed A according to the proportion, mixing the components of the feed B according to the proportion, and then continuously mixing the feed A and the feed B according to the proportion to obtain the feed;

the water feeding mode is as follows: the chicks are alternately fed with first drinking water and second drinking water from the beginning, the first drinking water is fed on the first day, the second drinking water is fed on the second day, the first drinking water is fed on the third day, the first drinking water is fed in the alternating way for 15 days, and the first drinking water contains 20-90ppm of potassium permanganate; the second drinking water contains probiotics, and the concentration of the probiotics in the second drinking water is 0.01-0.02%; the temperature of the first drinking water and the second drinking water is 25-30 ℃, and the water temperature is above 25 ℃ after 3 days of birth; in the water feeding mode, the water feeding age is between birth and 15 days old.

In certain embodiments, the feed is prepared by mixing feed A and feed B, wherein the mass ratio of the feed A to the feed B is 1: 0.01; the feed A comprises 45 parts of corn flour, 9 parts of seaweed meal, 8 parts of shrimp meal, 2 parts of edible oil, 0.6 part of salt, 6 parts of earthworm powder, 2 parts of eggshell powder and 5 parts of white sugar; the feed B comprises, by weight, 10 parts of dark plum powder and 80 parts of hawthorn powder.

In certain embodiments, the feed is prepared by mixing feed A and feed B, wherein the mass ratio of the feed A to the feed B is 1: 0.02; the feed A comprises 55 parts of corn flour, 10 parts of seaweed meal, 5 parts of shrimp meal, 1 part of edible oil, 1 part of salt, 2 parts of earthworm powder, 3 parts of eggshell powder and 8 parts of white sugar by weight; the feed B comprises, by weight, 20 parts of dark plum powder and 70 parts of hawthorn powder.

According to the feed formula provided by the invention, the components are matched to facilitate the digestion and absorption of nutritional ingredients of the chicks, and the feed intake of the chicks is improved by combining with other feeding conditions, so that the chicks grow healthily.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. All components of the following examples were purchased from the market.

The light intensity in the following examples (in the case of an incandescent lamp, in Watt-square meters) is from 1 to 3 days, from 30 to 50 lux, and is not lower than 15 Watt/square meter; 30 lux for 4-7 days, 10W/m incandescent lamp; 8-11 days 4 watts per square meter incandescent lamp; after 12 days, 2.5 watts per square meter of incandescent lamp. 1 lux ═ bulb wattage (W) × 0.9/H²(height).

Lamp mounting requirements

Several 100-watt, 60-watt, 40-watt and 25-watt incandescent lamps were prepared, the lamps were spaced 3 meters apart from each other, and the rows were staggered from one another and were spaced 50-60 cm from the head of the chicken on the upper layer.

Example 1

This embodiment proposes a method of feeding chicks, comprising:

a breeding environment: the initial temperature of the raised chicks is 31-33 ℃, the temperature is reduced by 0.5 ℃ every day after 2 days, and finally the temperature is stabilized at 24 ℃; the humidity of the newborn-7-day-old chicks is 70 percent; 8-15 days old chicks with the humidity of 65%; illumination: the young layer is grown for-3 days, the illumination is carried out for 24 hours, the young layer is grown for 4-15 days, the illumination is carried out according to the illumination program of the laying chicks, and the illumination is carried out for 23 hours every day;

feeding mode: feeding the feed freely; the feed is prepared by mixing a feed A and a feed B, wherein the mass ratio of the feed A to the feed B is 1: 0.01; the feed A comprises 45 parts of corn flour, 9 parts of seaweed meal, 8 parts of shrimp meal, 2 parts of edible oil, 0.6 part of salt, 6 parts of earthworm powder, 2 parts of eggshell powder and 5 parts of white sugar; the feed B comprises 10 parts of dark plum powder and 80 parts of hawthorn powder by weight; mixing the components of the feed A according to the proportion, mixing the components of the feed B according to the proportion, and then continuously mixing the feed A and the feed B according to the proportion to obtain the feed;

the water feeding mode is as follows: the chicks are alternately fed with first drinking water and second drinking water from the beginning, the first drinking water is fed on the first day, the second drinking water is fed on the second day, the first drinking water is fed on the third day, the first drinking water is fed in the alternating way for 15 days, and the first drinking water contains 20ppm of potassium permanganate; the second drinking water contains probiotics, and the concentration of the probiotics in the second drinking water is 0.01%; the temperature of the first drinking water and the second drinking water is about 28 ℃; in the water feeding mode, the water feeding age is between birth and 15 days old.

Example 2

The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is in a feed formula, specifically, the feed in the embodiment is prepared by mixing feed A and feed B, and the mass ratio of the feed A to the feed B is 1: 0.02; the feed A comprises 55 parts of corn flour, 10 parts of seaweed meal, 5 parts of shrimp meal, 1 part of edible oil peanut oil, 1 part of salt, 2 parts of earthworm powder, 3 parts of eggshell powder and 8 parts of white sugar by weight; the feed B comprises, by weight, 20 parts of dark plum powder and 70 parts of hawthorn powder.

Example 3

The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is in a feed formula, specifically, the feed in the embodiment is prepared by mixing feed A and feed B, and the mass ratio of the feed A to the feed B is 1: 0.02; the feed A comprises 50 parts of corn flour, 9 parts of seaweed meal, 10 parts of shrimp meal, 3 parts of edible oil peanut oil, 0.5 part of salt, 4 parts of earthworm powder, 2 parts of eggshell powder and 10 parts of white sugar in parts by weight; the feed B comprises 10 parts of dark plum powder and 90 parts of hawthorn powder by weight.

Example 4

This example differs from example 1 in that the first drink contains 90ppm potassium permanganate and the probiotic bacteria are present in the second drink at a concentration of 0.02%.

Example 5

This example differs from example 1 in that the first drink contains 50ppm potassium permanganate and the probiotic bacteria are present in the second drink at a concentration of 0.01%.

Comparative example 1

This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the water feeding mode is as follows: feeding first drinking water to the chicks from birth to 15 days old, wherein the first drinking water contains 20ppm of potassium permanganate; the temperature of the first drinking water and the second drinking water is about 28 ℃.

Comparative example 2

This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the water feeding mode is as follows: feeding the chicks with second drinking water from birth to 15 days old, wherein the second drinking water contains probiotics, and the concentration of the probiotics in the second drinking water is 0.01%; the temperature of the first drinking water and the second drinking water is about 28 ℃.

Comparative example 3

This comparative example differs from example 1 in that the first beverage contained 500ppm of permanganic acid.

Comparative example 4

This comparative example differs from example 1 in that the feed formulation does not contain feed B.

And (3) experimental design: chick Potassium permanganate drinking water health-care breeding test 360 newborn chicks were randomly divided into 9 test groups according to the breeding methods of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 4, and the results of 15-day breeding are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 raising results of the raising methods proposed in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 4

As can be seen from Table 1, the chicks raised in examples 1 to 5 all had a high average feed intake and a high average weight, as high as 96.308g, a high average degree of hydration and a mortality of 0, while comparative example 1 had no probiotic-containing water and had a low average feed intake, average weight and uniformity, although the mortality was 0; the mortality rate of the chickens is 10% due to no feeding of water containing potassium permanganate in a comparative example 2, the mortality rate of the chickens is 5% due to damage to intestinal tracts of the chickens due to high content of potassium permanganate in a comparative example 3, the appetite of the chickens is poor due to the fact that the feed of the comparative example 4 does not contain prune powder and hawthorn powder, and finally the average feed intake, the average weight and the uniformity are low.

Other beneficial effects are as follows:

1) the drinking water containing potassium permanganate and probiotics is used for purifying and protecting the intestinal tracts of the chicks, and can effectively improve the intestinal health of the chicks. The test results show that the drinking water containing potassium permanganate and probiotics is correctly used for purifying and protecting the intestinal tracts of the chicks, cases infected by escherichia coli, salmonella and coccidiosis do not occur, the cost is low, and the effect is good.

2) The suitable concentration of the drinking water of potassium permanganate solution proposed by the present invention is 20-90ppm, i.e. 0.002% (light pink) -0.009% (pink), which differs considerably from the lowest potassium permanganate solution concentration of 0.01% that can be used in farms mentioned in the literature. Tests show that many chicken farm breeders can subjectively judge the concentration of the potassium permanganate solution according to the color of the potassium permanganate solution, and the results are unscientific.

3) The use mode of the potassium permanganate solution for achieving the drinking water health care of the chicks is determined. After the chicks are out of the shell, the immune system is not established yet. Tests show that the opening is opened by adopting a low-concentration potassium permanganate solution of 20-90ppm, and the meconium fetus toxicity is washed, so that the damage of intestinal mucosa can be avoided, the early colonization of pathogenic bacteria can also be prevented, and the intestinal health can be effectively realized when drinking water to 15 days old.

4) The use temperature of the potassium permanganate solution for achieving the drinking water health care of the chicks is determined. The disinfection effect of the disinfection solution is in direct proportion to the temperature. The chicks are 1-3 days old after being taken out of the shell, the potassium permanganate solution with the same temperature as the house temperature is adopted for drinking water, and the drinking water temperature reaches over 25 ℃ after 3 days old.

5) The test results show that the drinking water containing potassium permanganate and probiotics is correctly used for drinking water for the chicks to realize health care, so that the growth speed of the chicks can be effectively increased, the death rate is reduced, the growth performance of the chicks is improved, and the health care effect of the chicks is achieved.

6) The potassium permanganate drinking water is used for chicken health care, antibiotics can be effectively replaced, pathogenic bacteria are prevented from being planted in the intestinal tract of the chicken at an early stage, the development of an immune system and the intestinal health of the chicken are guaranteed, the overall health of the chicken is further influenced, the immunity and the production performance of livestock and poultry are improved, the problems of food safety and environment caused by the antibiotics are effectively solved, and a new path is provided for primary nonreactive breeding.

The above-described embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.