阅读说明：本技术 一种大重量船体建造时船坞内放置的方法及高承载防沉降坞墩 (Method for placing in dock during heavy ship building and high-bearing anti-settling docking block ) 是由 柯于舫 王啸晔 金健博 庄劲松 于 2021-09-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及到一种大重量船体建造时船坞内放置的方法,该方法通过计算出船体底部不同支撑点的受力情况,根据不同受力大小和船坞自身承载能力设置不同的坞墩支撑方式以使船体重量均匀分布在船坞底部,还涉及到一种高承载防沉降坞墩在结构上包括有底座、支撑圆墩和钢制坞墩,所述的底座为由钢筋混凝土组成的大接触面底座结构物,在大接触面底座结构物的四角边框固定有角钢。本发明的方法和专用坞墩在承载船舶重量的同时有效避免船坞底部沉降,保证船舶机舱区域建造基线保持水平,确保船舶建造基准和精度。(The invention relates to a method for placing a dock in a heavy ship during construction, which comprises the steps of calculating the stress conditions of different supporting points at the bottom of the ship, setting different dock block supporting modes according to different stress sizes and the self bearing capacity of the dock so as to enable the weight of the ship to be uniformly distributed at the bottom of the dock, and further relates to a high-bearing anti-settling dock block which structurally comprises a base, a supporting circular block and a steel dock block, wherein the base is a large contact surface base structure formed by reinforced concrete, and angle steels are fixed on four corner frames of the large contact surface base structure. The method and the special docking block can effectively avoid the bottom of the dock from sinking while bearing the weight of the ship, ensure that the construction base line of the ship cabin area is kept horizontal, and ensure the construction reference and precision of the ship.)

1. A method for placing in a dock when a heavy ship is built is characterized in that the method is used for setting different support modes according to different stress sizes and the self bearing capacity of the dock by calculating the stress conditions of different support points at the bottom of the ship so as to uniformly distribute the weight of the ship at the bottom of the dock, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the steps that firstly, according to a ship structure to be built, the placement positions of a ship in a dock are listed, and position points needing to be supported by a docking block are found out;

secondly, calculating the stress condition of each position point needing to be supported, and specially analyzing the magnitude of the bearing force of the area with concentrated weight in the ship body, thereby determining that the support point is a common docking block or a high-bearing anti-settling docking block;

thirdly, hoisting the high-bearing anti-settling docking block to a selected supporting point, hoisting a common docking block to a corresponding position, assembling each docking block, and preparing to install a segment of the hull structure;

fourthly, hoisting the ship body into the dock in sections for assembling, and correspondingly supporting the supporting points of the ship body by using a common docking block and a high-bearing anti-settling docking block;

and fifthly, continuously building the ship body until the ship body is completed, and respectively hoisting the common docking block and the high-bearing anti-settling docking block away from the dock after the ship body is undocked.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high-load anti-settling docking block in the second step structurally comprises a base, supporting round blocks and a steel docking block, the base is provided with a plurality of supporting round blocks distributed in an array, each row of the supporting round blocks is provided with the steel docking block, the base is a large contact surface base structure made of reinforced concrete, angle steel is fixed on four corner frames of the large contact surface base structure, and two hanging rings for hanging are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the large contact surface base structure.

3. The method for placing in a dock during heavy ship construction according to claim 2, characterized in that the steel support round pier (4) is placed in the middle of the large contact surface base structure (1) to adjust the position, the steel support round pier (4) is composed of an upper steel plate, a lower steel plate and a middle circular tube, wherein the steel support round pier (4) can be adjusted according to different rib position intervals.

4. A method in a dock for heavy ship construction according to claim 1 wherein the steel docking blocks (5) are used as rigid supports in direct contact with the outer hull to avoid vertical deformation.

5. The high-bearing anti-settling docking block is characterized by structurally comprising a base, a plurality of supporting circular blocks and a steel docking block, wherein the plurality of supporting circular blocks are distributed on the base in an array manner, each row of supporting round blocks is provided with the steel docking block, the base is a large-contact-surface base structure formed by reinforced concrete, the four corner frames of the large contact surface base structure are fixed with angle steel, the opposite side surfaces of the large contact surface base structure are respectively provided with two hoisting rings for hoisting, the large contact surface base structure (1) is integrally hoisted to a designated position at the bottom of the dock to evenly distribute the weight of the ship body at the bottom of the dock, the steel supporting round piers (4) are adjusted according to the longitudinal strong structure space of the stern part of the ship body and accurately supported on the strong structure of the ship body to prevent the deformation of the ship body structure, the steel docking block (5) is placed on the steel supporting circular block (4) and is in direct contact with the surface of the ship body so as to avoid vertical deformation.

Technical Field

The invention relates to ship construction, in particular to a method for placing a docking block in a dock during heavy ship construction and a special high-bearing anti-settling docking block.

Background

Due to the rise of container shipping, cost is considered, the ship construction tends to be large, the whole tonnage of the ship is increased, the large ships comprise container ships, bulk cargo ships and other different ship types, the ship construction needs corresponding docks to be matched, but the quantity of the docks is limited, and the ships of various types are universally constructed.

In the construction process of a large ship, the ship type of certain types can cause the weight of a stern engine room area to be particularly large, and the weight of the ship is totally concentrated on a row of docking blocks on the center line of a ship body at the bottom of the ship body at a stern linear contraction part of the ship. Often put a lot of stress on individual places such as docks and docking blocks at the stern.

In the prior art, a dock and a docking block are both determined bearing capacity and shape. In practice, the row of docking blocks can generate dock bottom settlement during actual construction, and the wooden cushion blocks can generate vertical deformation, so that the deviation of a ship construction baseline is out of tolerance, and the ship construction reference cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, the arrangement of the ship body in the dock needs to be redesigned, and a special high-bearing anti-sinking docking block needs to be designed. The bottom of the dock is effectively prevented from settling while the weight of the ship is borne, the building base line of the ship cabin area is kept horizontal, and the building reference and precision of the ship are ensured.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a method for placing a heavy ship in a dock during building and a special high-bearing anti-settling docking block. The method and the special device can effectively avoid the bottom settlement of the dock while bearing the weight of the ship, ensure that the base lines of the cabin area and the bow construction are kept horizontal, and ensure the benchmark and the precision of the ship construction.

In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme provided by the invention patent is as follows:

a method for placing in a dock when a heavy ship is built is characterized in that the method is used for setting different support modes according to different stress sizes and the self bearing capacity of the dock by calculating the stress conditions of different support points at the bottom of the ship so as to uniformly distribute the weight of the ship at the bottom of the dock, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the steps that firstly, according to a ship structure to be built, the placement positions of a ship in a dock are listed, and position points needing to be supported by a docking block are found out;

secondly, calculating the stress condition of each position point needing to be supported, and specially analyzing the magnitude of the bearing force of the area with concentrated weight in the ship body, thereby determining that the support point is a common docking block or a high-bearing anti-settling docking block;

thirdly, hoisting the high-bearing anti-settling docking block to a selected supporting point, hoisting the common docking block to a corresponding position, assembling each docking block, and preparing to install the segments of the hull structure

And fourthly, hoisting the ship body into the dock in sections for assembling, and correspondingly supporting the supporting point of the ship body by using the common docking block and the high-bearing anti-settling docking block.

And fifthly, continuously building the ship body until the ship body is completed, and suspending the common docking block and the high-bearing anti-settling docking block from the dock respectively after the ship body is undocked.

The high-bearing anti-settling docking block in the second step structurally comprises a base, supporting circular blocks and steel docking blocks, wherein the base is provided with a plurality of supporting circular blocks which are distributed in an array mode, each row of supporting circular blocks is provided with the steel docking blocks, the base is a large-contact-surface base structure formed by reinforced concrete, angle steel is fixed on four corner frames of the large-contact-surface base structure, and two lifting rings used for lifting are arranged on opposite side faces of the large-contact-surface base structure.

The high-bearing anti-settling docking block serving as a core component comprises a large-contact-surface base structure in contact with a dock, a steel supporting round block and a steel docking block.

The large contact surface base structure is formed by pouring reinforced concrete, four corner frames of the large contact surface base structure are fixedly restrained by angle steel, and 2 lifting rings on the left side and the right side of the large contact surface base structure are used for lifting.

The steel support circular pier is placed in the middle of a large-contact-surface base structure object, the position of the steel support circular pier can be adjusted, the steel support circular pier is composed of an upper steel plate, a lower steel plate and a middle circular tube, and the position of the steel support circular pier can be adjusted according to different rib position intervals. The steel docking block is used as a rigid support and is in direct contact with the hull outer plate, and compared with a wood cushion block, the steel docking block can effectively avoid vertical deformation.

High bearing prevents subsiding docking block can be with big contact surface base structure integral hoisting to dock bottom assigned position when using, and big contact surface base structure can effectively be with hull weight evenly distributed in the dock bottom, prevents that the dock bottom from producing and subsiding. The steel supporting round piers are adjusted according to the longitudinal strong structure distance of the stern part of the ship body, and the steel supporting round piers are accurately supported on the strong structure of the ship body, so that the stress transmission of the strong structure of the ship body can be accurately ensured, and the deformation of the structure of the ship body is prevented. The steel docking block is placed on the steel supporting circular block and directly contacts with the surface of the ship body, and the weight is directly transmitted through the steel docking block, so that vertical deformation is avoided.

Based on the technical scheme, the method and the special equipment of the invention have the following positive and beneficial effects through practical application:

1. according to the method for placing the heavy ship in the dock during building, disclosed by the invention, the pressure of different parts of the ship to the bottom of the dock is calculated by carrying out gravity analysis on the ship, and different support modes are designed aiming at different support positions, so that the bearing force of the bottom of the dock is uniformly distributed as much as possible, and the damage of the overlarge local pressure of the dock caused by partial ship shapes is avoided.

2. The invention specially designs a high-bearing docking block, and the large-contact-surface base structure can effectively and uniformly distribute the weight of the ship body at the bottom of the dock and prevent the bottom of the dock from generating settlement. The steel supports the circle mound and adjusts according to the vertical strong structure interval of hull stern, and accurate support can ensure that the strong structure atress of hull transmits accurately on the strong structure of hull, prevents that hull structure warp. The steel docking block is placed on the steel supporting circular block and directly contacts with the surface of the ship body, and the weight is directly transmitted through the steel docking block, so that vertical deformation is avoided.

3. The high-bearing docking block provided by the invention can effectively avoid the bottom settlement of the dock while bearing the weight of the ship, ensure that the construction base line of the ship cabin area is kept horizontal, and ensure the construction reference and precision of the ship.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the implementation process of the method for placing in a dock when a heavy ship body is constructed.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a high load dock block.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the arrangement of stern docking blocks at the bottom of a ship hull in a method of being placed in a dock when constructing a heavy ship hull.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the bow docking block at the bottom of the ship hull in a method of placement in a dock when constructing a heavy ship hull.

Detailed Description

In order that the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent, the method and apparatus according to the invention will be described by way of example only, and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that such description is merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts, methods, and implementations of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the method for placing the ship in the dock during the construction of the heavy ship comprises the following steps of calculating the stress conditions of different support points at the bottom of the ship and the load-bearing capacity of the dock, and setting different support modes according to different stress sizes to uniformly distribute the weight of the ship at the bottom of the dock:

the method comprises the steps that firstly, according to a ship structure to be built, the placement positions of a ship in a dock are listed, and position points needing to be supported by a docking block are found out;

secondly, calculating the stress condition of each position point needing to be supported, and specially analyzing the magnitude of the bearing force of the area with concentrated weight in the ship body, thereby determining that the support point is a common docking block or a high-bearing anti-settling docking block;

thirdly, hoisting the high-bearing anti-settling docking block to a selected supporting point, hoisting the common docking block to a corresponding position, assembling each docking block, and preparing to install the segments of the hull structure

And fourthly, hoisting the ship body into the dock in sections for assembling, and correspondingly supporting the supporting point of the ship body by using the common docking block and the high-bearing anti-settling docking block. After placement as shown in fig. 3.

And fifthly, continuously building the ship body until the ship body is completed, and suspending the common docking block and the high-bearing anti-settling docking block from the dock respectively after the ship body is undocked.

The high-bearing anti-settling docking block in the second step structurally comprises a base, supporting circular blocks and steel docking blocks, wherein the base is provided with a plurality of supporting circular blocks which are distributed in an array mode, each row of supporting circular blocks is provided with the steel docking blocks, the base is a large-contact-surface base structure formed by reinforced concrete, angle steel is fixed on four corner frames of the large-contact-surface base structure, and two lifting rings used for lifting are arranged on opposite side faces of the large-contact-surface base structure.

As shown in fig. 2, the high-bearing anti-settling docking block as a core component of the invention comprises a large contact surface base structure 1 in contact with a dock, a steel supporting circular block 4 and a steel docking block 5.

Big contact surface base structure 1 is pour by reinforced concrete and is constituteed, and wherein 1 four corners frame of big contact surface base structure is fixed with angle steel 2 and is retrained, and wherein two rings 3 of each side are used for hoist and mount about big contact surface base structure 1.

The steel supports the round pier 4 and puts in big contact surface base structure 1, can the adjusting position, and wherein the steel supports the round pier 4 and comprises two blocks of steel sheets from top to bottom and pipe in the middle of with, and wherein the steel supports the round pier 4 and can carry out position control according to different rib position intervals.

The steel docking block 5 is used as a rigid support and is in direct contact with the hull outer plate, and compared with a wood cushion block, the steel docking block can be effectively prevented from vertical deformation by application.

When the high-bearing anti-settling docking block is used, the large-contact-surface base structure 1 can be integrally hoisted to a designated position at the bottom of a dock, and the large-contact-surface base structure 1 can effectively and uniformly distribute the weight of a ship body at the bottom of the dock to prevent the bottom of the dock from settling.

The steel supporting round piers 4 are adjusted according to the longitudinal strong structure distance of the stern part of the ship body, and the steel supporting round piers are accurately supported on the strong structure of the ship body, so that the stress transmission of the strong structure of the ship body can be accurately ensured, and the deformation of the ship body structure is prevented. The steel docking block 5 is placed on the steel supporting circular block 4 and directly contacts with the surface of the ship body, and the weight is directly transferred through the steel docking block 5, so that vertical deformation is avoided.

As shown in fig. 3, from a ship cabin to a ship stern or from a first cargo hold to a ship bow, the contraction of the profile of the ship is large, and the arrangement of the docking blocks is only limited to the ship midship, so that the weight borne by a single docking block rises linearly, when the weight borne by the single docking block is greater than the self-bearing weight of the dock, high-bearing docking blocks need to be arranged in the areas a and C, and a conventional docking block is arranged in the area B, so that the dock is prevented from sinking, and the carrying precision of the ship is ensured. As shown in fig. 4, similarly from the first cargo hold to the bow of the ship body, the molded lines of the ship body shrink greatly, and the arrangement of the docking blocks can only be limited to the midship of the ship body, so that the weight borne by a single docking block rises linearly, when the weight borne by the single docking block is greater than the self-bearing weight of the dock, a high-bearing docking block needs to be arranged in the area C, and a conventional docking block is arranged in the area B, so that the dock is prevented from sinking, and the carrying precision of the ship body is ensured.

High bearing prevents subsiding docking block can be with big contact surface base structure integral hoisting to dock bottom assigned position when using, and big contact surface base structure can effectively be with hull weight evenly distributed in the dock bottom, prevents that the dock bottom from producing and subsiding. The steel supporting round piers are adjusted according to the longitudinal strong structure distance of the stern part of the ship body, and the steel supporting round piers are accurately supported on the strong structure of the ship body, so that the stress transmission of the strong structure of the ship body can be accurately ensured, and the deformation of the structure of the ship body is prevented. The steel docking block is placed on the steel supporting circular block and directly contacts with the surface of the ship body, and the weight is directly transmitted through the steel docking block, so that vertical deformation is avoided.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that; modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.