阅读说明：本技术 一种大颗粒球形玻璃的制备方法及生产装置 (Preparation method and production device of large-particle spherical glass ) 是由 郭宏伟 白赟 刘帅 刘磊 李荣悦 王毅 高档妮 王翠翠 于 2021-09-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种大颗粒球形玻璃的制备方法及生产装置,本发明采用气料共喷成球工艺,玻璃成球过程中,不与其他材料接触,表面光滑,不用二次处理和清洗。高温炉出口采用喇叭状火焰结构,保证了玻璃料的低温动能基础上,增加了高温段静压,使得玻璃料在充分接受加热的同时,强化了气体和固体玻璃球的高温分离。采用富氧增强燃烧火焰,增加了火焰的刚度,保证了燃烧过程的气氛,使得玻璃颜色稳定。采用了气体与炉温的联动控制技术,保证了产品质量,降低了生产成本。采用了炉体结构逐级保温技术,充分实现了高温温度不降低,低温温度不升高,同时节约了成本,增加了生产效率。顶盖采用水冷却,实现了环保的同时,充分增加了该装备的使用寿命。(The invention relates to a method for preparing large-particle spherical glass and a production device thereof. The outlet of the high-temperature furnace adopts a horn-shaped flame structure, so that the static pressure of a high-temperature section is increased on the basis of ensuring the low-temperature kinetic energy of the glass material, and the high-temperature separation of gas and solid glass balls is strengthened while the glass material is fully heated. The oxygen enrichment is adopted to enhance the combustion flame, so that the rigidity of the flame is increased, the atmosphere in the combustion process is ensured, and the color of the glass is stable. And a linkage control technology of gas and furnace temperature is adopted, so that the product quality is ensured, and the production cost is reduced. The furnace body structure step-by-step heat preservation technology is adopted, the high-temperature is not reduced, the low-temperature is not increased, the cost is saved, and the production efficiency is increased. The top cover is cooled by water, so that the service life of the equipment is fully prolonged while environmental protection is realized.)

1. The utility model provides a production device of large granule spherical glass which characterized in that: comprises a flame burner (1), a high-temperature furnace body (2) and a collecting cover (3) which are arranged from bottom to top in sequence;

the side wall of the flame burner (1) is communicated with an oxygen pipeline (6), the bottom end of the flame burner is communicated with a compressed air pipeline (4) and a natural gas pipeline (5), and the compressed air pipeline (4) is also communicated with a discharge funnel (7);

the lower end of the high-temperature furnace body (2) is communicated with the outlet end of the flame burner (1), the outlet at the upper end is provided with a trumpet-shaped port (12), the diameter of the high-temperature furnace body (2) is gradually increased from bottom to top, a thermocouple (9) for measuring the temperature of the furnace tube is inserted into the center of the high-temperature furnace body (2), and the thermocouple (9), the natural gas switch and the oxygen switch are all connected with a temperature indicator (20) for controlling the opening degrees of the natural gas and the oxygen;

the collecting cover (3) is sleeved on the horn-shaped port (12), the upper part of the collecting cover (3) is fixedly connected with a top cover (14), and the lower end of the collecting cover is provided with a collecting pipeline (17).

2. The apparatus for producing large-particle spherical glass according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the high-temperature furnace body (2) is of a funnel-shaped structure, and the front end of the flame burner (1) is inserted into the funnel-shaped bottom of the high-temperature furnace body (2) by about 1/4 lengths.

3. The apparatus for producing large-particle spherical glass according to claim 1, wherein: the high-temperature furnace body (2) comprises an alloy furnace tube, the height of the furnace body is 6-16 meters, the heat preservation layer (8) outside the furnace body from bottom to top is thickened and wrapped in four sections step by step, and the heat preservation step by step is adopted, wherein the thickness of the heat preservation layer at the first section is 2cm, the thickness of the heat preservation layer at the second section is 4cm, the thickness of the heat preservation layer at the third section is 6cm, and the thickness of the heat preservation layer at the fourth section is 8 cm.

4. The apparatus for producing large-grained spherical glass according to claim 3, wherein: the heat insulation material (10) of the heat insulation layer (8) is aluminum silicate fiber cotton, and an iron sheet shell (11) with the thickness of 1mm is installed on the outer side of the heat insulation layer (8).

5. The apparatus for producing large-particle spherical glass according to claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the high-temperature furnace body (2) is fixedly connected with a ground foot (19) which can rotatably adjust the included angle between the furnace body and the ground to control the falling direction of the spherical particles.

6. The apparatus for producing large-particle spherical glass according to claim 1, wherein: the collecting cover (3) is of a conical structure, and two gas outlets (23) are symmetrically formed between the collecting cover (3) and the top cover (14).

7. The apparatus for producing large-particle spherical glass according to claim 1, wherein: the top cover (14) is of a hollow stainless steel structure, and a water inlet (15) and a water outlet (16) for cooling the top cover are formed in the top cover.

8. The apparatus for producing large-particle spherical glass according to claim 1, wherein: the emptying funnel (7) and the compressed air pipeline (4) are both provided with switches.

9. A method for preparing large-particle spherical glass based on the apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising:

firstly, opening a switch of a natural gas pipeline (5) by controlling a temperature indicator (20), igniting the natural gas by using naked fire after introducing the natural gas, then opening a switch of an oxygen pipeline (6) by controlling the temperature indicator (20) to introduce oxygen, simultaneously manually opening a switch of a compressed air pipeline (4) to introduce compressed air, adjusting the air, natural gas and oxygen flow by the switch closing degree until the flame length just rushes to a top cover (14), preserving heat for 30min after the temperature of a high-temperature furnace body (2) reaches a set temperature, and keeping the internal temperature of the high-temperature furnace body (2) uniform;

then, opening a switch of the discharging hopper (7), putting the prepared glass frit into the compressed air pipeline (4) through a stainless steel pipe, spraying the glass frit into the high-temperature furnace body (2) from a flame burner along with compressed air, passing through a preheating section and a contraction section, melting, entering the collecting cover (3), contacting with the top cover (14), and then falling into the collecting cover (3);

and finally, collecting the materials in the collecting cover (3) into a skip car (18) after passing through a collecting pipeline (17), and cooling the ball materials to room temperature to obtain the spherical glass.

10. A method of making a large particle spherical glass according to claim 9, wherein: the glass material is prepared by melting glass material to be pelletized, stirring, water quenching, spreading in a plate, drying in an oven at 100 ℃ for 5h, crushing the dried water quenched glass material by a crusher, and sieving the crushed water quenched glass material by a 10-mesh sieve and a 30-mesh sieve in sequence to leave the water quenched glass material with the middle size.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method and a device for preparing spherical glass, in particular to a method and a device for preparing large-particle spherical glass.

Background

The spherical glass material is a spherical material with a certain granularity and a complete and smooth surface, and is a novel inorganic silicate material. The advent of spherical glass materials, which has been a recent century history to date, was the earliest mass production started in the 40's of the 20 th century by the united states porter industries llc. The spherical vitreous material has a plurality of unique properties, such as good roundness, uniformity, transparency, hardness, light reflection characteristic, excellent chemical stability and the like, and at present, the spherical vitreous material has become an indispensable material in daily life, is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, ocean, electronics, medicine, freeways, automobile identification, chemical industry and the like, and plays a very important role in modern industry.

At present, the methods for preparing glass spherical materials on the market include a powder method, a melt method, flame floating and the like. But it is mainly used to prepare glass spheres or microspheres or microbeads with a diameter of less than 1 mm. At present, the large-particle spherical glass with the diameter larger than 1mm mainly adopts a secondary forming process, wherein the process comprises the steps of crushing a solid vitreous material into a proper shape and a proper particle size range, and then automatically forming spheres by utilizing the surface tension of the material at a high temperature. For example, US3597I77 describes a secondary forming process in which glass is crushed to a certain particle size, mixed with graphite powder, etc., and fed into a rotary high temperature furnace, the mixture of glass powder and graphite powder is heated to about 900 ℃, the glass powder is formed into spheres under the action of surface tension for a certain period of time, the glass spheres and graphite powder are cooled, the graphite powder is removed by sieving, and the surfaces of the glass spheres are treated to obtain qualified glass spheres. The surface of the glass ball is cleaned and dried subsequently, and the method has the advantages of high roundness of the glass ball and the defects of complex process, high cost and low flatness of the surface of the glass ball contacted with graphite.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation method and a production device of large-particle spherical glass, the glass spheres prepared by the preparation method and the balling device have large sizes with diameters larger than 1mm, the method has a primary rounding rate of 98 percent, graphite does not adhere to the surface, secondary cleaning and drying are not needed, the surface of the glass spheres is bright, the hardness and the compressive strength of the micro-beads reach the national standard, and the device has high production efficiency, large yield, short production time, small production investment, simple and efficient equipment and capability of improving the production efficiency and reducing the production cost.

In order to achieve the aim, the device comprises a flame burner, a high-temperature furnace body and a collecting cover which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top;

the side wall of the flame burner is communicated with an oxygen pipeline, the bottom end of the flame burner is communicated with a compressed air pipeline and a natural gas pipeline, and the compressed air pipeline is also communicated with a discharge funnel;

the lower end of the high-temperature furnace body is communicated with the outlet end of the flame burner, the outlet at the upper end of the high-temperature furnace body is provided with a trumpet-shaped port, the diameter of the high-temperature furnace body is increased section by section from bottom to top, a thermocouple for measuring the temperature of the furnace tube is inserted into the center of the high-temperature furnace body, and the thermocouple, the natural gas and the oxygen switch are all connected with a temperature indicator for controlling the opening degrees of the natural gas and the oxygen;

the collecting cover is sleeved on the horn-shaped port, the upper part of the collecting cover is fixedly connected with a top cover, and the lower end of the collecting cover is provided with a collecting pipeline.

The bottom of the high-temperature furnace body is of a funnel-shaped structure, and the front end of the flame burner is about 1/4 inserted into the funnel-shaped bottom of the high-temperature furnace body.

The high-temperature furnace body is composed of alloy furnace tubes, the height of the furnace body is 6-16 meters, the heat preservation layer outside the furnace body from bottom to top is thickened and wrapped in four sections step by step, and the heat preservation step by step is adopted, wherein the thickness of the heat preservation layer at the I section is 2cm, the thickness of the heat preservation layer at the II section is 4cm, the thickness of the heat preservation layer at the III section is 6cm, and the thickness of the heat preservation layer at the IV section is 8 cm.

The heat preservation material of heat preservation adopts aluminium silicate fiber cotton, and installs the iron sheet shell that thickness is 1mm in the outside of heat preservation.

The lower end of the high-temperature furnace body is fixedly connected with a foot margin which can rotatably adjust the included angle between the furnace body and the ground to control the landing direction of the spherical particles.

The collecting cover is of a conical structure, and two gas outlets are symmetrically formed between the collecting cover and the top cover.

The top cap is hollow stainless steel structure, and sets up water inlet and the delivery port that cools off the top cap on the top cap.

And the emptying funnel and the compressed air pipeline are both provided with switches.

A method of making large particle spherical glass according to the above apparatus, comprising:

firstly, opening a natural gas pipeline switch by controlling a temperature indicator, igniting the natural gas by using naked flame after introducing the natural gas, then controlling the temperature indicator to open an oxygen pipeline switch to introduce oxygen, manually opening a compressed air pipeline switch to introduce compressed air at the same time, adjusting the flow of air, natural gas and oxygen by the switch closing degree until the flame length just rushes to a top cover, preserving heat for 30min after the temperature of a high-temperature furnace body reaches a set temperature, and keeping the internal temperature of the high-temperature furnace body uniform;

then, opening a switch of the discharging hopper, putting the prepared glass frit into a compressed air pipeline through a stainless steel pipe, spraying the glass frit into a high-temperature furnace body from a flame burner along with compressed air, passing through a preheating section and a contraction section, melting, then entering a collecting cover, and falling into the collecting cover after touching a top cover;

and finally, collecting the materials in the collecting cover into a skip car after passing through a collecting pipeline, and cooling the ball materials to room temperature to obtain the spherical glass.

The glass material is prepared by melting glass material to be pelletized, stirring, water quenching, spreading in a plate, drying in an oven at 100 ℃ for 5h, crushing the dried water quenched glass material by a crusher, and sieving the crushed water quenched glass material by a 10-mesh sieve and a 30-mesh sieve in sequence to leave the water quenched glass material with the middle size.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention adopts the gas material co-spraying balling process, and the glass balling process has no contact with other materials, smooth surface and no need of secondary treatment and cleaning. The outlet of the high-temperature furnace adopts a horn-shaped flame structure, so that the static pressure of a high-temperature section is increased on the basis of ensuring the low-temperature kinetic energy of the glass material, and the high-temperature separation of gas and solid glass balls is strengthened while the glass material is fully heated. The oxygen enrichment is adopted to enhance the combustion flame, so that the rigidity of the flame is increased, the atmosphere in the combustion process is ensured, and the color of the glass is stable. And a linkage control technology of gas and furnace temperature is adopted, so that the product quality is ensured, and the production cost is reduced. The furnace body structure step-by-step heat preservation technology is adopted, the high-temperature is not reduced, the low-temperature is not increased, the cost is saved, and the production efficiency is increased. The top cover is cooled by water, so that the service life of the equipment is fully prolonged while environmental protection is realized.

Furthermore, the material releasing flow can be adjusted by the pressure of compressed air and the closing of a releasing switch, so that the balling quantity can be conveniently controlled according to the material property.

Further, the furnace body is gradually insulated, the root of the flame and the high-temperature section are wrapped and insulated according to the temperature, the thickness of the insulation cotton is increased in a targeted mode, materials are saved, and the temperature is prevented from losing and the insulation cotton is prevented from being wasted.

Furthermore, the temperature of flame is controlled by adjusting the closing degree of the switches of the natural gas and oxygen pipelines, then the temperature of the balling section in the furnace tube is measured by a thermocouple and is displayed by a temperature indicator, so that the balling process can be conveniently controlled through a linkage effect, and the balling temperature can be accurately adjusted.

Furthermore, a collecting cover is added at the rear end, so that the balling and collecting are integrated, the efficiency is improved, the manual operation is reduced, and the risk of splashing of the high-temperature microbeads is also prevented.

Furthermore, a circulating water device is added to an interlayer outside the collecting cover, the upper layer of the collecting cover sprayed by flame is protected, the siphon effect of the flame is increased at an outlet of the collecting cover, and the flame can wrap the microspheres at any time when the microspheres form balls.

Furthermore, the whole furnace body can rotate to a certain degree through the ground feet, the included angle between the furnace body and the ground is adjusted, the landing direction of the spherical particles is controlled, and directional collection is facilitated.

The glass microspheres produced by the gas material co-spraying balling process have smooth surfaces, the primary rounding rate reaches 98%, the surfaces are not adhered with graphite, secondary cleaning and drying are not needed, the surfaces of the glass spheres are bright, and the hardness and the compressive strength of the microspheres reach the national standard. The trumpet-shaped flame structure is adopted, so that on the basis of ensuring the low-temperature kinetic energy of the glass material, the static pressure of a high-temperature section is increased, the glass material is fully heated, simultaneously, the high-temperature separation of gas and solid glass balls is strengthened, and the balling efficiency is increased. The oxygen enrichment is adopted to enhance the combustion flame, so that the rigidity of the flame is increased, the atmosphere in the combustion process is ensured, and the color of the glass is stable. And a linkage control technology of gas and furnace temperature is adopted, so that the product quality is ensured, and the production cost is reduced. The furnace body structure step-by-step heat preservation technology is adopted, the high temperature is not reduced, the low temperature is not increased, the cost is reduced, and the production efficiency is increased. The top cover is cooled by water, so that the service life of the equipment is fully prolonged while environmental protection is realized. The production of the large-particle micro-beads is complicated and the efficiency is low, the spherical glass balling equipment which is simple to operate and has good effect is designed, most importantly, the balling equipment is not limited to a glass system, different systems can be selected according to the physical and chemical properties of the micro-beads, and the process can be flexibly adjusted according to the systems to produce the large-particle spherical glass with the required properties.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a view showing a structure of a balling apparatus;

FIG. 2 is a view of the burner structure;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the furnace body;

FIG. 4 is a top cover construction view;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the flame shape.

Wherein, 1-flame burner; 2-high temperature furnace body; 3-collecting cover; 4-compressed air pipeline; 5-a natural gas pipeline; 6-oxygen pipeline; 7-a discharging funnel; 8-an insulating layer; 9-a thermocouple; 10-heat insulating material; 11-iron sheet shell; 12-a trumpet port; 13-a collector; 14-a top cover; 15-a water inlet; 16-a water outlet; 17-a collection conduit; 18-skip car; 19-movable ground feet; 20-a temperature indicator; 21-flame; 22-glass particles; 23-gas outlet.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, the apparatus of the present invention comprises a flame burner 1, a high temperature furnace body 2 and a collecting cover 3 arranged in sequence from bottom to top;

referring to fig. 2, the side wall of the flame burner 1 is communicated with an oxygen pipeline 6 with a switch, the bottom end of the flame burner is communicated with a compressed air pipeline 4 with a switch and a natural gas pipeline 5, and the compressed air pipeline 4 is also communicated with a discharge funnel 7 with a switch;

the high-temperature furnace body 2 consists of an alloy furnace tube, the height of the furnace body is 6-16 meters (can be adjusted according to the type of glass and the granularity of the glass), see fig. 3, a heat preservation layer 8 outside the furnace body is thickened and wrapped in four sections step by step from bottom to top, the heat preservation layer is gradually preserved, the thickness of the heat preservation layer in the first section is 2cm, the thickness of the heat preservation layer in the second section is 4cm, the thickness of the heat preservation layer in the third section is 6cm, the thickness of the heat preservation layer in the fourth section is 8cm, the heat preservation material 10 of the heat preservation layer 8 is aluminum silicate fiber cotton, an iron sheet shell 11 with the thickness of 1mm is arranged on the outer side of the heat preservation layer 8, the bottom of the high-temperature furnace body 2 is of a funnel-shaped structure, the front end of a flame burner 1 is inserted into the funnel-shaped bottom of the high-temperature furnace body 2 by about 1/4 length, a trumpet-shaped port 12 is arranged at the outlet at the upper end of the high-temperature furnace body 2, a thermocouple 9 for measuring the temperature of the furnace tube is inserted into the center of the high-temperature furnace body 2, the thermocouple 9, and the thermocouple 9 and the natural gas and the thermocouple, The oxygen switches are connected with a temperature indicator 20 for controlling the opening degree of natural gas and oxygen; the thermocouple 9 is linked with oxygen and natural gas valves to control the temperature in the furnace body.

Referring to fig. 4, the collecting cover 3 is of a conical structure and is sleeved on the horn-shaped port 12, the upper part of the collecting cover 3 is fixedly connected with a hollow stainless steel structure top cover 14, a water inlet 15 and a water outlet 16 for cooling the top cover are arranged on the top cover, two gas outlets 23 are symmetrically arranged between the collecting cover 3 and the top cover 14, and a collecting pipeline 17 is arranged at the lower end of the collecting cover and connected with a skip 18.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the operation of the flame and particles, in which compressed air is injected into the high temperature furnace 2 at a high speed with the material, and the formed glass particles 22 are blown toward the top cover 14 along with the flame 21.

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

firstly, melting glass materials required to be pelletized, performing water quenching under stirring, paving in a tray, placing in an oven, drying at 100 ℃ for 5 hours, crushing the dried water quenched glass materials by using a crusher, and sequentially sieving the crushed water quenched glass materials by using a 10-mesh sieve and a 30-mesh sieve to leave water quenched glass materials with intermediate sizes;

secondly, opening a switch of a natural gas pipeline 5 by controlling a temperature indicator 20, igniting the natural gas by using naked fire after introducing the natural gas, then opening a switch of an oxygen pipeline 6 by controlling the temperature indicator 20 to introduce oxygen, simultaneously manually opening a switch of a compressed air pipeline 4 to introduce compressed air, adjusting the flow of air, natural gas and oxygen by the switch closing degree until the flame length just rushes to a top cover 14, preserving the heat for 30min after the temperature of the high-temperature furnace body 2 reaches a set temperature, and keeping the internal temperature of the high-temperature furnace body 2 uniform;

then, opening a switch of the discharging hopper 7, putting the prepared glass frit into the compressed air pipeline 4 through a stainless steel pipe, spraying the glass frit into the high-temperature furnace body 2 from a flame burner along with compressed air, passing through a preheating section and a contraction section, melting, then entering the collecting cover 3, and falling into the collecting cover 3 after touching the top cover 14;

and finally, collecting the materials in the collecting cover 3 into a skip 18 after passing through a collecting pipeline 17, and cooling the ball materials to room temperature to obtain the spherical glass.

The preparation of large-grained spherical glass was carried out using the beading apparatus described above, examples being as follows:

example 1:

the method comprises the following steps:

melting and water-quenching glass materials of soda-lime-silica glass, spreading the glass materials in a plate, placing the plate into an oven, drying the plate for 5 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃, crushing the dried water-quenched glass materials by using a crusher, and sequentially sieving the crushed glass materials by using a sieve of 10 meshes and a sieve of 30 meshes after the crushing is finished, so as to leave water-quenched glass materials with intermediate sizes;

step two:

beading with a beading apparatus:

firstly, a natural gas pipeline switch is opened by controlling a temperature indicator, the natural gas is ignited by using open fire after being introduced, then the temperature indicator is controlled to open an oxygen pipeline switch to introduce oxygen, and meanwhile, a compressed air switch is manually opened to introduce compressed air. The flow of air, natural gas and oxygen is regulated by the closing degree of the switch until the flame length just impacts the top cover. Keeping the temperature for 30min after the temperature of the furnace body reaches 900 ℃, and keeping the internal temperature of the alloy furnace body uniform;

then, opening a switch of the discharging hopper, putting the prepared glass material into an air pipeline through a stainless steel pipe, blowing the batch material into a furnace body from a flame burner along with air, passing through a preheating section and a contraction section, melting, then feeding into a collector, and falling into the collector after touching a top cover;

finally, collecting the materials in the collector into a skip car, and cooling the ball material to room temperature to obtain the soda-lime-silica glass microspheres with the particle size of 3-5mm, white and bright color, the balling rate of 96 percent and the density of 2.30g/cm³Left and right, microhardness of not less than 300kg/mm²Compressive strength of 860kg/cm²The visible light reflectance was 4%.

Example 2

The method comprises the following steps:

melting and water-quenching borosilicate glass frit, spreading the borosilicate glass frit in a plate, putting the borosilicate glass frit in an oven, drying the borosilicate glass frit for 5 hours at 100 ℃, crushing the dried water-quenched glass frit by using a crusher, and sequentially sieving the crushed water-quenched glass frit with a 10-mesh sieve and a 30-mesh sieve to leave water-quenched glass frit with an intermediate size;

step two:

beading with a beading apparatus:

firstly, a natural gas pipeline switch is opened by controlling a temperature indicator, the natural gas is ignited by using open fire after being introduced, then the temperature indicator is controlled to open an oxygen pipeline switch to introduce oxygen, and meanwhile, a compressed air switch is manually opened to introduce compressed air. The flow of air, natural gas and oxygen is regulated by the closing degree of the switch until the flame length just impacts the top cover. After the temperature of the furnace body 2 reaches 950 ℃, preserving the heat for 30min, and enabling the temperature inside the alloy furnace body to be uniform;

then, opening a switch of the discharging hopper, putting the prepared glass material into an air pipeline through a stainless steel pipe, blowing the batch material into a furnace body from a flame burner along with air, passing through a preheating section and a contraction section, melting, then feeding into a collector, and falling into the collector after touching a top cover;

finally, collecting the materials in the collector into a skip car, and cooling the ball material to room temperature to obtain the borosilicate glass microspheres, wherein the particle size of the obtained microspheres is 3-5mm, the color is bright and white, the ball forming rate is more than 98%, and the density is 2.23g/cm³About, microhardness is more than or equal to 600Kg/mm²Compressive strength of 1500kg/cm²The visible light reflectance was 8%.

Example 3

The method comprises the following steps:

melting and water-quenching glass materials of high-alumina glass, spreading the glass materials in a plate, putting the plate into an oven, drying the glass materials for 5 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃, crushing the dried water-quenched glass materials by using a crusher, and sequentially sieving the crushed glass materials by using a sieve of 10 meshes and a sieve of 30 meshes after the crushing is finished, so as to leave water-quenched glass materials with intermediate sizes;

step two:

beading with a beading apparatus:

firstly, a natural gas pipeline switch is opened by controlling a temperature indicator, the natural gas is ignited by using open fire after being introduced, then the temperature indicator is controlled to open an oxygen pipeline switch to introduce oxygen, and meanwhile, a compressed air switch is manually opened to introduce compressed air. The flow of air, natural gas and oxygen is regulated by the closing degree of the switch until the flame length just impacts the top cover. Keeping the temperature for 30min when the temperature of the furnace body 2 reaches 1000 ℃, and keeping the internal temperature of the alloy furnace body uniform;

then, opening a switch of the discharging hopper, putting the prepared glass material into an air pipeline through a stainless steel pipe, blowing the batch material into a furnace body from a flame burner along with air, passing through a preheating section and a contraction section, melting, then feeding into a collector, and falling into the collector after touching a top cover;

finally, collecting the materials in the collector into a skip car, and cooling the ball material to room temperature to obtain the high-alumina glass microspheres, wherein the particle size of the obtained microspheres is 3-5mm, the color is bright and white, the ball forming rate is more than 98%, and the density is 2.40g/cm³Microhardness is more than or equal to 480kg/mm²Compressive strength 1100Kg/cm²The reflectivity is 6%, and the visible light reflectivity is 10%.

Example 4

The method comprises the following steps:

melting and water-quenching glass materials of the barium titanium high-refractive-index glass, spreading the glass materials in a plate, placing the plate into an oven, drying the plate for 5 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃, crushing the dried water-quenched glass materials by using a crusher, and sequentially sieving the crushed glass materials by using a 20-mesh sieve and a 30-mesh sieve to leave water-quenched glass materials with intermediate sizes;

step two:

beading with a beading apparatus:

firstly, a natural gas pipeline switch is opened by controlling a temperature indicator, the natural gas is ignited by using open fire after being introduced, then the temperature indicator is controlled to open an oxygen pipeline switch to introduce oxygen, and meanwhile, a compressed air switch is manually opened to introduce compressed air. The flow of air, natural gas and oxygen is regulated by the closing degree of the switch until the flame length just impacts the top cover. Preserving the heat for 30min after the temperature of the furnace body 2 reaches 980 ℃, and keeping the internal temperature of the alloy furnace body uniform;

then, opening a switch of the discharging hopper, putting the prepared glass material into an air pipeline through a stainless steel pipe, blowing the batch material into a furnace body from a flame burner along with air, passing through a preheating section and a contraction section, melting, then feeding into a collector, and falling into the collector after touching a top cover;

finally, collecting the materials in the collector into a skip car, and cooling the ball material to room temperature to obtain the barium titanate high-refractive-index glass microsphere with the particle size of 3-4mm, white and yellowish color, the balling rate of more than 98 percent and the density of 2.70g/cm³Microhardness is more than or equal to 500Kg/mm²Compressive strength of 1350kg/cm²The visible light reflectance was 11%.

Example 5

The method comprises the following steps:

melting and water-quenching glass material containing lead glass, spreading the glass material in a plate, placing the plate in an oven, drying the plate for 5 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃, crushing the dried water-quenched glass material by using a crusher, and sequentially sieving the crushed glass material by using a 20-mesh sieve and a 30-mesh sieve to leave water-quenched glass material with the middle size;

step two:

beading with a beading apparatus:

firstly, a natural gas pipeline switch is opened by controlling a temperature indicator, the natural gas is ignited by using open fire after being introduced, then the temperature indicator is controlled to open an oxygen pipeline switch to introduce oxygen, and meanwhile, a compressed air switch is manually opened to introduce compressed air. The flow of air, natural gas and oxygen is regulated by the closing degree of the switch until the flame length just impacts the top cover. Keeping the temperature for 30min after the temperature of the furnace body 2 reaches 920 ℃, and keeping the internal temperature of the alloy furnace body uniform;

then, opening a switch of the discharging hopper, putting the prepared glass material into an air pipeline through a stainless steel pipe, blowing the batch material into a furnace body from a flame burner along with air, passing through a preheating section and a contraction section, melting, then feeding into a collector, and falling into the collector after touching a top cover;

finally, collecting the materials in the collector into a skip car, and cooling the ball material to room temperature to obtain the lead-containing glass microspheres, wherein the particle size of the obtained microspheres is 3-5mm, the color is bright and white, the ball forming rate is more than 97%, and the density is 2.21g/cm³Microhardness is greater than or equal to 580Kg/mm²Compressive strength 1300kg/cm²The visible light reflectance was 7%.