阅读说明：本技术 一种低pm10排放生物质燃料的制备方法 (Low PM10Preparation method of discharged biomass fuel ) 是由 王子豪 柴胜凯 黄猛 赵威 吕佩哲 贾鹏 王波 于 2021-09-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种低PM-(10)排放生物质燃料的制备方法,包括以下步骤；A1：将生物质与天然石灰石进行破碎筛分,将破碎筛分后的生物质和天然石灰石进行混合；A2：将混合完成的生物质与天然石灰石的混合物分散于水中进行搅拌操作,使天然石灰石均匀分布于生物质中,获得固液混合物；A3：对A2获得的固液混合物进行过滤、烘干获得生物质粉状燃料。本发明对于生物质燃烧PM-(10)排放的控制效果明显,且具有较高的普适性与灵活性。(Low PM 10 A method for producing an exhaust biomass fuel, comprising the steps of; a1: crushing and screening the biomass and the natural limestone, and mixing the crushed and screened biomass and the natural limestone; a2: dispersing the mixture of the mixed biomass and the natural limestone in water, and stirring to uniformly distribute the natural limestone in the biomass to obtain a solid-liquid mixture; a3: and filtering and drying the solid-liquid mixture obtained in the step A2 to obtain the biomass powdery fuel. The invention combusts PM with biomass 10 The emission control effect is obvious, and the universality and the flexibility are higher.)

1. Low PM₁₀The preparation method of the discharged biomass fuel is characterized by comprising the following steps;

a1: crushing and screening the biomass and limestone, and mixing the crushed and screened biomass and limestone;

a2: dispersing the mixture of the biomass and the limestone which are mixed in water, and stirring to uniformly distribute the limestone in the biomass to obtain a solid-liquid mixture;

a3: and filtering and drying the solid-liquid mixture obtained in the step A2 to obtain the biomass powdery fuel.

2. A low PM according to claim 1₁₀Discharging biomass fuelThe preparation method is characterized in that limestone selected in A1 is natural limestone, and biomass is waste solid biomass.

3. A low PM according to claim 1₁₀The preparation method of the discharged biomass fuel is characterized in that the particle size of the biomass in A1 is less than 200 μm, and the particle size of limestone is in the range of 30-70 μm.

4. Low PM according to claim 1₁₀The preparation method of the discharged biomass fuel is characterized in that the mixing mode in the A1 is physical stirring and mixing, and if the Ca content in the ash component of the selected biomass is higher than 10%, the addition proportion of limestone is 1%;

if the Ca content in the ash component of the selected biomass is 5% -9%, the addition proportion of limestone is 3%;

if the Ca content in the ash component of the selected biomass is lower than 5 percent, the addition proportion of limestone is 5 percent.

5. A low PM according to claim 1₁₀The preparation method of the discharged biomass fuel is characterized in that the solid-liquid mixing ratio in A2 is 150g:20L-400g: 10L.

6. A low PM according to claim 1₁₀The preparation method of the discharged biomass fuel is characterized in that an electric stirring device is used in A2 to stir the solid-liquid mixture, the rotating speed is 150-300r/min, and the stirring time is 12-24 h.

7. A low PM according to claim 1₁₀The preparation method of the discharged biomass fuel is characterized in that the drying time in the A3 is 24-72h, the drying atmosphere is air atmosphere, and the drying temperature is 35-45 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass combustion pollutant emission control, and particularly relates to a low-emission biomass fuelPM₁₀A preparation method of discharged biomass fuel.

Background

Solid biomass has a high ash content, which can cause serious ash-related problems during combustion, among which Particulate Matter (PM)₁₀) The discharge of (A) causes great pressure on the ecological environment and also has serious harm to the health of human bodies. Currently, a dust removal system is mainly used by a power plant to capture fly ash generated by fuel combustion, but due to technical limitations, the existing dust removal system captures PM₁₀The removal effect is weak.

Burning PM for biomass₁₀The discharge control means mainly comprises kaolin addition and hydrothermal treatment. For kaolin, the kaolin is added to the biomass fuel by physical mixing, so that the mixing between the kaolin and the biomass is insufficient, and the kaolin is easy to deactivate under high-temperature conditions, so that the adsorption capacity is lost, and the PM is subjected to the addition of the kaolin₁₀The control action of the controller is obviously different from the expected value; on the other hand, kaolin has different ash contents from biomass to biomass, and the kaolin burns PM from biomass with high silicon/aluminum content₁₀Emission control is poor, therefore, the addition of pure kaolin is relatively poor for PM₁₀The control is not universal and flexible enough. For hydrothermal treatment, it is effective in reducing PM₁The emission amount of the catalyst is reduced, but the technology has the defects of high cost of power plant reconstruction and difficult gasification of PM formed by alkali metal simple substance or sub-oxide steam₁Is less effective in controlling and may cause PM_1-10Increased emissions, etc. Current control of biomass burning PM₁₀The technologies adopted by the discharge have obvious defects, and the industrial large-scale use is restricted.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a low PM₁₀The preparation method of the discharged biomass fuel fully utilizes the interaction promotion effect between the water washing and the natural limestone addition by combining the water washing and the natural limestone addition, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing PM in the combustion process of the biomass fuel₁₀The purpose of discharging.

To achieve the above object, according to the present invention, there is provided a low PM₁₀A method of producing an exhaust biomass fuel, the method comprising the steps of;

a1: crushing and screening the biomass and limestone, and mixing the crushed and screened biomass and limestone;

a2: dispersing the mixture of the biomass and the limestone which are mixed in water, and stirring to uniformly distribute the limestone in the biomass to obtain a solid-liquid mixture;

a3: and filtering and drying the solid-liquid mixture obtained in the step A2 to obtain the biomass powdery fuel.

The limestone selected in A1 is natural limestone, and the biomass is waste solid biomass.

The particle size of the biomass in A1 should be less than 200 μm, and the particle size of limestone should be in the range of 30-70 μm.

The mixing mode in the A1 is physical stirring and mixing, and if the Ca content in the ash component of the selected biomass is higher than 10%, the addition proportion of limestone is 1%;

if the Ca content in the ash component of the selected biomass is 5% -9%, the addition proportion of limestone is 3%;

if the Ca content in the ash component of the selected biomass is lower than 5 percent, the addition proportion of limestone is 5 percent.

The solid-liquid mixing ratio in the A2 is 150g:20L-400g: 10L.

In the A2, an electric stirring device is used for stirring the solid-liquid mixture, the rotating speed is 150-300r/min, and the stirring time is 12-24 h.

The drying time in the A3 is 24-72h, the drying atmosphere is air atmosphere, and the drying temperature is 35-45 ℃.

The invention has the advantages of

The method can effectively control PM in the biomass combustion process by combining water washing with natural limestone addition₁₀And (4) discharging. The water washing can effectively remove most of water-soluble elements in the biomass, the water-soluble elements are usually easily gasified elements, and the easily gasified elements are biomass burning PM₁Is mainly composed ofComposition, therefore water washing can cause PM in biomass combustion processes₁The amount of production of (2) is reduced. The addition of natural limestone can enable the biomass to generate more low-melting-point calcium aluminosilicate particles in the combustion process, which strengthens the PM formed by the alkali metal simple substance or sub-oxide which is not easy to gasify₁Also promotes PM_1-10Melt polymerization between particles, resulting in PM₁And PM_1-10To PM₁₀₊Migration, ultimately to achieve PM reduction₁₀For the purpose of emission, on the other hand, the introduction of natural limestone also makes it possible to suppress the generation of sulphate vapour generated by organic sulphur. The combination of the two can effectively control the biomass burning PM₁₀The purpose of emission, and the combination of multiple mechanisms, make the invention universal and flexible.

The invention provides a method for controlling biomass combustion PM₁₀The method of generation allows for water scrubbing and natural limestone addition to the PM₁₀The control of (a) plays a role in interaction facilitation. The natural limestone can be more uniformly distributed in the biomass by washing, and simultaneously, easily gasified elements in the natural limestone can be removed; the addition of the natural limestone increases the generation amount of low-melting-point particles in the biomass combustion process, thereby eliminating the adverse effect of the reduction of the low-melting-point particles generated by the biomass combustion caused by water washing.

The invention provides a method for controlling biomass combustion PM₁₀The method for generating the biomass ash adopts natural limestone as an additive, and simultaneously can change the addition amount of the natural limestone according to different components of the biomass ash, and the method reduces PM generated by biomass combustion₁₀Higher economic benefit can be obtained while discharging.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the system of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Water washing and natural limestone combined method for controlling biomass combustion PM in invention₁₀The discharge has a value of 1+1>2, the water washing not only removes water-soluble elements in the biomassThe dispersibility of the natural limestone in the biomass is enhanced, and the content of easily gasified impurity elements in the natural limestone is reduced. On the other hand, as most of potassium element in the biomass is eluted by water, the melting degree of large particles in the biomass combustion process is reduced, the polymerization between different particles is weakened, and therefore the crushing effect of the biomass in the combustion process is relatively enhanced, but the introduction of natural limestone can generate more low-melting-point aluminosilicate particles in the biomass combustion process, so that the polymerization effect between ash particles and the capture effect on fine particles are improved. On the other hand, compared with additives such as kaolin and the like, the limestone has the characteristics of low price and easy obtainment, and meanwhile, the natural limestone is selected, so that the cost of the additives is further reduced.

Example 1

Referring to FIG. 1, Table 1, a Low PM₁₀The preparation method of the discharged biomass fuel comprises the following steps:

TABLE 1 analysis of the composition of straw Ash

In the embodiment, straw is selected as a raw material, and the low PM is prepared by combining water washing and natural limestone addition₁₀And (4) discharging the straw.

(1) Straw and natural limestone were crushed and sieved to obtain straw with a particle size of less than 200 μm and natural limestone with a particle size of 30-70 μm, and the natural limestone was added in a proportion of 3% in the present example according to the analysis of the components of the straw ash in table 1.

(2) The mixture of the straws and the natural limestone is dispersed in water according to the proportion of 150g to 20L, and is stirred by an electric stirring device, the rotating speed of the electric stirring device is 150r/min, and the stirring time is 12 h.

(3) Filtering the solid-liquid mixture obtained in the step (2) by using a filtering device to obtain a solid mixture of the straw and the natural limestone, and putting the obtained solid mixture into a blast drying oven at 35 ℃ for drying for 24h to obtain the prepared straw powder.

(4) Feeding the prepared straw powder into a combustion furnace, setting the combustion temperature at 1000 deg.C, and combusting the obtained PM with DLPI (low pressure impactor) and cyclone separator₁₀Collecting PM₁₀The mass of the rice straw is obtained by one millionth, the composition of each grade of particulate matter is obtained by XRF (X-ray fluorescence spectrum analysis) test, and the test result is compared with the data of the original rice straw under the same working condition.

The results show that the PM of the straw prepared according to the method of the invention is compared with the original straw₁And PM_1-10The emission is obviously reduced, and XRF test results show that PM obtained by burning the straw prepared by the method is obtained₁The content of easily gasified elements such as Na, K, Cl, S and the like is obviously reduced, and PM_1-10The content of the Si in the product is obviously reduced, which is mainly caused by water washing and addition of natural limestone.

Example 2

Referring to FIG. 1, Table 2, a Low PM₁₀The preparation method of the discharged biomass fuel comprises the following steps:

TABLE 2 analysis of wheat straw Ash composition

In the embodiment, wheat straw is selected as a raw material, and the low PM is prepared by combining water washing and natural limestone addition₁₀Discharged wheat straw.

(1) Wheat straw and natural limestone are respectively crushed and sieved to obtain wheat straw with the particle size of less than 200 mu m and natural limestone with the particle size of 30-70 mu m, and according to the analysis of the components of the wheat straw ash in Table 2, the adding proportion of the natural limestone in the embodiment is 1%.

(2) The mixture of the wheat straw and the natural limestone is dispersed in water according to the proportion of 250g:15L, and is stirred by an electric stirring device, the rotating speed of the electric stirring device is 250r/min, and the stirring time is 18 h.

(3) Filtering the solid-liquid mixture obtained in the step (2) by using a filtering device to obtain a solid mixture of wheat straw and natural limestone, and drying the obtained solid mixture in a blast drying oven at 40 ℃ for 36h to obtain the prepared wheat straw powder.

(4) Feeding the obtained wheat straw powder into a combustion furnace, setting the combustion temperature at 900 deg.C, and combusting the obtained PM with DLPI (low pressure impactor) and cyclone separator₁₀Collecting PM₁₀The mass of (a) is obtained by one millionth, the composition of each level of particulate matter is obtained by XRF (X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy) test, and the test result is compared with the data of the original wheat grass under the same working condition.

The results show that the PM of wheat straw produced according to the process of the invention is comparable to that of raw wheat straw₁And PM_1-10The emission amount is obviously reduced, and XRF test results show that PM is obtained by burning wheat straw prepared by the method of the invention₁The content of easily gasified elements such as Na, K, Cl, S and the like is obviously reduced, and PM_1-10The contents of Si and K in the product are obviously reduced, which is mainly caused by water washing and addition of natural limestone.

Example 3

Referring to FIG. 1, Table 3, a Low PM₁₀The preparation method of the discharged biomass fuel comprises the following steps:

TABLE 3 Lauraria ash composition analysis

In the embodiment, camphorwood is selected as a raw material, and the low PM is prepared by combining water washing and natural limestone addition₁₀Discharged camphorwood.

(1) The camphor wood and the natural limestone are respectively crushed and sieved to obtain the camphor wood with the grain size of less than 200 μm and the natural limestone with the grain size of 30-70 μm, and according to the analysis of the components of the camphor wood ash in table 3, the adding proportion of the natural limestone in the embodiment is 1%.

(2) Dispersing a mixture of camphor wood and natural limestone in water according to a ratio of 400g to 10L, and stirring by using an electric stirring device, wherein the rotating speed of the electric stirring device is 300r/min, and the stirring time is 24 h.

(3) Filtering the solid-liquid mixture obtained in the step (2) by using a filtering device to obtain a solid mixture of the camphorwood and the natural limestone, and drying the obtained solid mixture in a forced air drying oven at 45 ℃ for 48h to obtain the prepared camphorwood powder.

(4) Feeding the prepared lignum Cinnamomi Camphorae powder into a combustion furnace, setting the combustion temperature at 1100 deg.C, and the combustion atmosphere is air atmosphere, and subjecting the obtained PM to combustion with DLPI (low pressure impactor) and cyclone separator₁₀Collecting PM₁₀The mass of the particles is obtained by one millionth, the components of each grade of particles are obtained by XRF (X-ray fluorescence spectrum analysis) test, and the test result is compared with the data of the original camphor wood under the same working condition.

The results show that the camphorwood PM prepared according to the method of the invention is compared with the original camphorwood₁And PM_1-10The emission is obviously reduced, and XRF test results show that PM obtained by burning camphor wood prepared by the method is obtained₁The content of easily gasified elements such as Na, K, Cl, S and the like is obviously reduced, and PM_1-10The contents of Si and K in the product are obviously reduced, which is mainly caused by water washing and addition of natural limestone.