阅读说明：本技术 超音频电源的铁路货车钩尾框销孔感应淬火装置及方法 (Railway wagon coupler tail frame pin hole induction quenching device and method of superaudio power supply ) 是由 宋仲明 胡谦 陈魏 胡显中 孔瑞龙 朱东升 刘双虎 贺银 李鸽 李斌 于 2021-10-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于轨道交通技术领域,具体涉及超音频电源的铁路货车钩尾框销孔感应淬火装置及方法。所述铁路货车钩尾框销孔感应淬火装置包括冷却槽、升降平台、定位块和感应线圈。本发明销孔加热方式采用透入式兼传导式,感应线圈在工件销孔内相对往复运动,解决了超音频加热电源加热深度不及5mm的问题；感应线圈相对往复运动,低功率加热避免销孔过烧和裂纹的问题；采用工件整体浸入冷却液内冷却,并控制升降平台上下移动,保证工件一直在冷却液中移动,避免了工件表面喷水不均匀和产生软点的问题；销孔两端加工成圆角R3～R4,避免了应力集中和淬后裂纹的问题。(The invention belongs to the technical field of rail transit, and particularly relates to a railway wagon coupler yoke pin hole induction quenching device and method with a superaudio power supply. The railway wagon coupler tail frame pin hole induction quenching device comprises a cooling groove, a lifting platform, a positioning block and an induction coil. The pin hole heating mode adopts a penetration and conduction mode, and the induction coil relatively reciprocates in the pin hole of the workpiece, so that the problem that the heating depth of the ultrasonic frequency heating power supply is not less than 5mm is solved; the induction coil relatively reciprocates, and the problems of pin hole overburning and cracks are avoided by low-power heating; the workpiece is wholly immersed in the cooling liquid for cooling, and the lifting platform is controlled to move up and down, so that the workpiece is ensured to move in the cooling liquid all the time, and the problems of uneven water spraying and soft spots on the surface of the workpiece are avoided; the two ends of the pin hole are processed into round corners R3-R4, so that the problems of stress concentration and cracks after quenching are avoided.)

1. Railway freight car coupler yoke pinhole induction hardening equipment of super audio frequency power, its characterized in that includes:

the cooling tank is used for containing cooling liquid and is provided with a liquid injection port and a liquid outlet;

the lifting platform is used for supporting the workpiece and carrying the workpiece to move up and down, and when the lifting platform moves downwards, the workpiece can be integrally immersed in the cooling liquid of the cooling tank;

the positioning block is fixedly arranged on the lifting platform and used for quickly positioning the workpiece;

the diameter and the number of turns of the induction coil are matched with the size of the pin hole of the workpiece, and when the lifting platform carries the workpiece to move up and down, the induction coil can enter the pin hole of the workpiece.

2. The railway wagon coupler yoke pin hole induction hardening device of the superaudio power supply as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the number of turns of the induction coil is 4-6 turns, and the height is 55-60 mm.

3. The railway wagon coupler yoke pin hole induction hardening device of the superaudio power supply as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: a gap is formed between the induction coil and the inner wall of the workpiece pin hole, and the gap is 4-6 mm.

4. The railway wagon coupler yoke frame pin hole induction quenching method of the superaudio power supply is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

s1, chamfering the boundary of the pin hole and the frame body;

s2, placing the workpiece on the lifting platform, and positioning the workpiece through the positioning block to align the center of the pin hole on the workpiece with the center of the induction coil;

s3, electrifying the induction coil and controlling the heating power of the induction coil;

s4, driving the lifting platform to move upwards to enable the induction coil to enter the pin hole of the workpiece; the lifting platform carries a workpiece to reciprocate up and down, the induction coil uniformly heats the pin hole of the workpiece to a first set temperature within a first set time along with the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the workpiece, and the surface quenching depth is not less than 5 mm;

s5, after the workpiece pin hole is heated to a first set temperature, the lifting platform is driven to move downwards, the whole workpiece is immersed into the cooling liquid of the cooling tank, the workpiece is kept to reciprocate up and down in the cooling liquid, and the workpiece after the surface of the pin hole is quenched is rapidly cooled;

and S6, feeding the quenched workpiece into the furnace within a second set time, heating to a second set temperature, keeping the second set temperature for a third set time, and cooling.

5. The railway wagon coupler yoke pin hole induction hardening method of the superaudio power supply as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: the chamfers at two ends of the pin hole are R3-R4.

6. The railway wagon coupler yoke pin hole induction hardening method of the superaudio power supply as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: the distance between the upper dead point and the lower dead point of the up-and-down relative reciprocating motion of the induction coil is 55-60 mm.

7. The railway wagon coupler yoke pin hole induction hardening method of the superaudio power supply as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: the heating power of the induction coil is controlled to be 36-46 kw.

8. The railway wagon coupler yoke pin hole induction hardening method of the superaudio power supply as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: the first set time is 4-5 min.

9. The railway wagon coupler yoke pin hole induction hardening method of the superaudio power supply as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: the first set temperature is 860-900 ℃.

10. The railway wagon coupler yoke pin hole induction hardening method of the superaudio power supply as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: the second set time is 6 hours.

11. The railway wagon coupler yoke pin hole induction hardening method of the superaudio power supply as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: the second set temperature is 190-210 ℃.

12. The railway wagon coupler yoke pin hole induction hardening method of the superaudio power supply as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: the third set time is 2-2.5 hours.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of rail transit, and particularly relates to a railway wagon coupler yoke pin hole induction quenching device and method with a superaudio power supply.

Background

After the coupler yoke frame is forged after being changed from casting, the service life of the coupler yoke frame is greatly prolonged, but in the using process, as the pin holes are continuously subjected to fatigue stress and friction force, the pin hole parts are abraded and the size is increased, finally parts are caused to lose efficacy, the service life of the whole coupler yoke frame is shortened, and potential safety hazards exist.

In order to prolong the service life of the pin hole, the hook tail frame pin hole needs to be subjected to surface quenching. The technical requirements of the product are as follows: hook tail frame material: 25MnCrNiMo, hardening layer: 5mm deep, hardness: 400 to 500 BHN. The ultrasonic frequency heating power supply can only realize the heating (hardening layer) depth of 2-3 mm under the normal condition, a new quenching device and a new quenching method must be invented for realizing the hardening layer of more than 5mm, and the railway wagon coupler tail frame pin hole induction quenching technology based on the ultrasonic frequency power supply is still blank.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a railway wagon coupler yoke pin hole induction quenching device and method based on a superaudio power supply. By implementing the invention, the railway wagon forged coupler yoke with good surface heating uniformity, deep hardening layer, high hardness, no surface crack and long integral service life is obtained by using the ultrasonic frequency heating power supply, and the technical requirements of products are met.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

railway freight car coupler yoke pinhole induction hardening equipment of super audio frequency power includes:

the cooling tank is used for containing cooling liquid and is provided with a liquid injection port and a liquid outlet;

the lifting platform is used for supporting the workpiece and carrying the workpiece to move up and down, and when the lifting platform moves downwards, the workpiece can be integrally immersed in the cooling liquid of the cooling tank;

the positioning block is fixedly arranged on the lifting platform and used for quickly positioning the workpiece;

the diameter and the number of turns of the induction coil are matched with the size of the pin hole of the workpiece, and when the lifting platform carries the workpiece to move up and down, the induction coil can enter the pin hole of the workpiece.

As an optimal technical scheme, the number of turns of the induction coil is 4-6, and the height of the induction coil is 55-60 mm.

As an optimal technical scheme, a gap is formed between the induction coil and the inner wall of the workpiece pin hole, and the gap is 4-6 mm.

The invention also provides a railway wagon coupler yoke frame pin hole induction quenching method adopting the superaudio power supply of the device, which comprises the following steps:

s1, chamfering the boundary of the pin hole and the frame body R3-R4;

s2, placing the workpiece on the lifting platform, and positioning the workpiece through the positioning block to align the center of the pin hole on the workpiece with the center of the induction coil;

s3, electrifying the induction coil and controlling the heating power of the induction coil;

s4, driving the lifting platform to move upwards to enable the induction coil to enter a pin hole (center) of the workpiece; the lifting platform carries a workpiece to reciprocate between an upper dead point and a lower dead point, the distance between the upper dead point and the lower dead point is 55-60 mm, along with the reciprocating motion of the workpiece, the induction coil uniformly heats a pin hole of the workpiece to a first set temperature within a first set time, and the heating depth is not less than 5 mm;

s5, after the pin hole of the workpiece is heated to a first set temperature, driving the lifting platform to move downwards, so that the whole workpiece is immersed into the cooling liquid of the cooling tank, keeping the workpiece to reciprocate up and down in the cooling liquid, and rapidly cooling the workpiece after the surface of the pin hole is quenched, wherein the depth of a hardening layer is not less than 5 mm;

and S6, feeding the quenched workpiece into the furnace within a second set time, heating to a second set temperature, keeping the second set temperature for a third set time, and cooling.

Preferably, the heating power of the induction coil is controlled to be 36-46 kw.

Preferably, the chamfer angles at the two ends of the pin hole are R3-R4.

As an optimal technical scheme, the distance between an upper dead point and a lower dead point is 55-60 mm.

As a preferable technical scheme, the first set time is 4-5 min.

According to a preferable technical scheme, the first set temperature is 860-900 ℃.

Preferably, the second set time is 6 hours.

As a preferable technical scheme, the second set temperature is 190-210 ℃.

Preferably, the third set time is 2 to 2.5 hours.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

(1) the pin hole heating mode adopts a penetration type and conduction type, and the induction coil relatively reciprocates in the pin hole of the workpiece, so that the problem that the heating depth of the ultrasonic frequency heating power supply is not less than 5mm is solved.

(2) The induction coil relatively reciprocates, and the problem of pin hole overburning and crackle is avoided in low power heating.

(3) The invention adopts the technical scheme that the whole workpiece is immersed in the cooling liquid for cooling and the lifting platform is controlled to move up and down, so that the workpiece is ensured to move in the cooling liquid all the time, and the problems of uneven water spraying and soft spots on the surface of the workpiece are avoided.

(4) The round corners R3-R4 at the two ends of the pin hole solve the problems of stress concentration and crack after quenching.

(5) The operation is convenient, the control is easy, and the workpiece can be quickly positioned through the positioning block; the heating is fast, the operation time is short, and the working efficiency is high; the heating and cooling procedure is fixed, the human intervention factor is avoided, and the product performance stability is good.

Drawings

The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cooling bath according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the lifting platform, the positioning block and the induction coil according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an assembled structure of a quenching apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a reference view of the induction coil heating a workpiece pin hole in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 4 at I;

FIG. 6 is a reference diagram illustrating a state where the workpiece carried by the elevating platform is entirely immersed in the cooling liquid according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 shows the locations of the fillets R3-R4 at the two ends of the pin hole of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated below with reference to the figures and examples. In the following detailed description, certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described by way of illustration only. Needless to say, a person skilled in the art realizes that the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the railway wagon coupler yoke pin hole induction quenching device with the ultrasonic power supply comprises a cooling tank 1, a lifting platform 2, a positioning block 3 and an induction coil 4; wherein:

the cooling tank 1 is used for containing cooling liquid (such as water), and the cooling tank 1 is provided with a liquid injection port 11 and a liquid outlet 12 so as to facilitate circulation of the cooling liquid;

the lifting platform 2 and the cooling tank 1 are flushed in the vertical direction, the lifting platform 2 is used for supporting a workpiece 5 (namely a railway wagon forging coupler yoke) and carrying the workpiece 5 to move up and down, and when the lifting platform moves downwards, the workpiece 5 can be integrally immersed in cooling liquid of the cooling tank 1;

the positioning block 3 is fixedly arranged on the lifting platform 2, and the positioning block 3 is matched with a pin hole on the bottom surface of the workpiece 5, so that the workpiece 5 can be quickly positioned without manual adjustment;

the induction coil 4 is fixed above the cooling tank 1 through the positioning mechanism 6, the diameter and the number of turns of the induction coil 4 are matched with the size (diameter and length) of a pin hole 51 needing surface quenching on the workpiece 5, and after the workpiece 5 is positioned, when the lifting platform 2 carries the workpiece 5 to move up and down, the induction coil 4 just can enter the pin hole 51 of the workpiece 5.

The number of turns of the induction coil 4 is set according to the length of the workpiece pin hole 51, the induction coil 4 needs to be matched with the length and the diameter of the pin hole, the number of turns of the induction coil is preferably set to be 5, the diameter is preferably 82mm, and the gap between the induction coil 4 and the inner wall of the workpiece pin hole 51 is preferably controlled to be 5 mm.

Referring to fig. 3 to 7, the railway wagon coupler yoke pin hole induction hardening method of the superaudio power supply comprises the following steps:

s1, chamfering the boundary between the pin hole and the frame body into R3-R4 (refer to FIG. 7);

s2, placing the workpiece 5 on the lifting platform 2, and positioning the workpiece 5 through the positioning block 3 to align the center of the pin hole on the workpiece 5 with the center of the induction coil 4;

s3, electrifying the induction coil 4, controlling the heating power of the induction coil, overheating the workpiece when the heating power is too high, and reducing the heating efficiency when the heating power is too low;

s4, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the lifting platform 2 is driven by the numerical control machine to move upwards, so that the induction coil 3 enters the pin hole 51 of the workpiece 5; the lifting platform 2 is controlled to lift through a numerical control machine tool, the lifting platform 2 carries the workpiece 5 to reciprocate up and down, and along with the reciprocating motion of the workpiece 5 up and down, the induction coil 4 uniformly heats the pin hole of the workpiece to 860-900 ℃ within 4-5 minutes, and the surface heating depth is not less than 5 mm;

s5, referring to FIG. 6, the numerical control machine drives the lifting platform 2 to move downwards, so that the whole workpiece 5 is immersed into the cooling liquid of the cooling tank 1, the workpiece 5 is kept to reciprocate up and down in the cooling liquid, and the workpiece after pin hole surface quenching is rapidly cooled;

s6, feeding the quenched workpiece into a furnace within 6 hours, heating to 190-210 ℃, preserving heat for 2-2.5 hours, and cooling.

And (3) detecting the workpiece subjected to the quenching and tempering treatment, wherein the surface hardness of the pin hole is 490BHN, and the hardness of the position with the depth of the pin hole of 5mm is 470 BHN.

The pin hole heating mode adopts a penetration and conduction mode, and the induction coil relatively reciprocates in the pin hole of the workpiece, so that the problem that the heating depth of the ultrasonic frequency heating power supply is not less than 5mm is solved; the induction coil relatively reciprocates, and the problems of pin hole overburning and cracks are avoided by low-power heating; the invention adopts the technical scheme that the whole workpiece is immersed in the cooling liquid for cooling and controls the lifting platform to move up and down, so that the workpiece is ensured to move in the cooling liquid all the time, and the problems of uneven water spraying and soft point generation on the surface of the workpiece are avoided; the fillets R3-R4 at the two ends of the pin hole solve the problems of stress concentration and cracks after quenching.

In conclusion, the invention has convenient operation and easy control, and can realize the rapid positioning of the workpiece through the positioning block; the heating is fast, the operation time is short, and the working efficiency is high; the heating and cooling procedure is fixed, the human intervention factor is avoided, and the product performance stability is good.

The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications that can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention shall fall within the protection scope of the invention.