阅读说明：本技术 一种超临界水热燃烧型多元热流体产生系统及方法 (Supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generation system and method ) 是由 王树众 李艳辉 李紫成 赫文强 张凡 张洁 孙圣瀚 于 2021-08-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种超临界水热燃烧型多元热流体产生系统,包括：反应器,在其主反应腔室上方设置有点火装置,其一级燃料入口和氧化剂入口接通点火装置所处区域,其二级燃料入口和掺混水入口接通主反应腔室,其多元热流体出口位于主反应腔室的底部；物料预处理模块,将预热后的物料由一级燃料入口和二级燃料入口送入反应器；氧气供应模块,将氧气由所述氧化剂入口送入反应器；高压水供给模块,将高压水由掺混水入口送入反应器；调温调压模块,进行调温调压。本发明采用超临界水热燃烧技术产生多元热流体,并设有两种控制方法,采用热自燃点火和强制点火产生水热火焰,使系统适用于不同燃料情况,保证工艺效果与系统安全。(A supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multiple thermal fluid generation system comprising: the reactor is provided with an ignition device above a main reaction chamber, a primary fuel inlet and an oxidant inlet of the reactor are communicated with the area where the ignition device is positioned, a secondary fuel inlet and a mixing water inlet of the reactor are communicated with the main reaction chamber, and a multi-element hot fluid outlet of the reactor is positioned at the bottom of the main reaction chamber; the material pretreatment module is used for feeding preheated materials into the reactor from the primary fuel inlet and the secondary fuel inlet; the oxygen supply module is used for feeding oxygen into the reactor from the oxidant inlet; the high-pressure water supply module is used for feeding high-pressure water into the reactor from the blending water inlet; and the temperature and pressure regulating module is used for regulating temperature and pressure. The invention adopts supercritical water heat combustion technology to generate multi-element hot fluid, is provided with two control methods, adopts hot spontaneous combustion ignition and forced ignition to generate hot flame, enables the system to be suitable for different fuel conditions, and ensures the process effect and the system safety.)

1. A supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generation system is characterized by comprising:

the reactor (10) is provided with a primary fuel inlet (11), a secondary fuel inlet (12), an oxidant inlet (13), a mixed water inlet (16) and a multi-element hot fluid outlet (17), an ignition device (9) is arranged above a main reaction chamber of the reactor (10), the primary fuel inlet (11) and the oxidant inlet (13) are communicated with the area where the ignition device (9) is located, the secondary fuel inlet (12) and the mixed water inlet (16) are communicated with the main reaction chamber, the multi-element hot fluid outlet (17) is located at the bottom of the main reaction chamber, and the reactor (10) is provided with a reactor pressure instrument (P5) for monitoring the pressure of the main reaction chamber;

the material pretreatment module comprises a material pump (3) and a preheater (8), and the preheated material is sent into the reactor (10) through a primary fuel inlet (11) and a secondary fuel inlet (12);

an oxygen supply module for feeding oxygen from the oxidant inlet (13) into the reactor (10);

a high-pressure water supply module which comprises a high-pressure water supply port (19) and sends high-pressure water into the reactor (10) through a mixing water inlet (16);

the temperature and pressure regulating module comprises a high-temperature high-pressure buffer tank (18), an outlet of the high-temperature high-pressure buffer tank is connected with a multi-element hot fluid outlet (17), a high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve (V7) is arranged on a connecting pipeline, and a high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve (V8) is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the high-temperature high-pressure buffer tank (18).

2. The supercritical water hot combustion type multi-element hot fluid generation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ignition device (9) is a heating rod, a high-energy igniter or a catalytic bed, and is axially installed in the upper cavity of the reactor (10), and when in operation, the primary fuel and the oxidant flow downward along the axial direction, and are mixed at the ignition device (9) and then are forcibly ignited, so as to generate a water-heating flame, and ignite the secondary fuel.

3. The supercritical water heat combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generation system of claim 1, characterized in that the material pretreatment module further comprises a methanol storage tank (1) and a softened water storage tank (2), the outlet of the methanol storage tank (1) and the outlet of the softened water storage tank (2) are respectively connected with the inlet of the material pump (3) through a pipeline with a methanol pipeline stop valve (V1) and a softened water pipeline stop valve (V2), a methanol pipeline flow meter (F1) is arranged at the inlet of the material pump (3), the outlet of the material pump (3) is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the inlet of the preheater (8) through a pipeline with a methanol pipeline pressure meter (P1), the other path is connected with the buffer tank (20), a preheater temperature meter (T1) is arranged on the preheater (8), a material pipeline temperature meter (T2) is arranged at the outlet of the preheater (8), and the outlet of the preheater (8) is divided into two paths, respectively connected with the primary fuel inlet (11) and the secondary fuel inlet (12).

4. The supercritical water hot combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generation system of claim 3, wherein the oxygen supply module comprises a low temperature liquid oxygen storage tank (4), a liquid oxygen pump (5), a liquid oxygen gasifier (6) and an oxygen buffer tank (7) which are connected in sequence, wherein a liquid oxygen pipeline stop valve (V3) is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the low temperature liquid oxygen storage tank (4) and the liquid oxygen pump (5), an outlet of the oxygen buffer tank (7) is connected with an oxidant inlet (13) and a liquid oxygen pipeline regulating valve (V4) and a liquid oxygen pipeline flow meter (F3) are arranged on the connecting pipeline.

5. The supercritical water heating combustion type multiple thermal fluid generation system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the reactor (10) is provided with a water wall on the side wall of its main reaction chamber, a water inlet (15) of the water wall is located below and connected with a high pressure water supply port (19), a water outlet (14) of the water wall is located above and connected back to the mixed water inlet (16), wherein a mixed pipeline regulating valve (V5) is provided on the connecting pipeline of the high pressure water supply port (19) and the mixed water inlet (16), a cooling pipeline regulating valve (V6) is provided on the connecting pipeline with the water inlet (15), the water outlet (14) of the water wall is connected back to the downstream of the mixed pipeline regulating valve (V5), and a water pipeline pressure gauge (P3), a differential pressure transmitter (P2) and a water wall temperature gauge (T4) are provided on the water wall channel.

6. The supercritical water hot combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generation system according to claim 5, wherein a high temperature and high pressure flow meter (F2), a high temperature and high pressure reducing valve (V8), a high temperature pressure meter (P4) and a high temperature meter (T3) are sequentially arranged on an outlet pipeline of the high temperature and high pressure buffer tank (18).

7. The supercritical water hot combustion type multiple hot fluid generation system as claimed in claim 6,

the methanol pipeline flow meter (F1), the high-temperature high-pressure flow meter (F2) and the methanol pipeline pressure meter (P1) are interlocked with the material pump (3), and when the flow of the methanol pipeline fluctuates or generates flow fluctuation of multi-element hot fluid or methanol pipeline pressure fluctuation, the material pump (3) is automatically adjusted;

the preheater (8) is interlocked with a preheater temperature instrument (T1), a material pipeline temperature instrument (T2), a water wall temperature instrument (T4), a cold wall temperature instrument (T4) and a cooling pipeline adjusting valve (V6), and when the temperature of the preheater (8) fluctuates or the temperature of a material pipeline fluctuates, the preheater (8) is automatically adjusted; when the temperature of the water cooling wall fluctuates, the preheater (8) and the cooling pipeline regulating valve (V6) are automatically regulated;

the liquid oxygen pipeline regulating valve (V4) is interlocked with a liquid oxygen pipeline flow meter (F3), and when the flow of the liquid oxygen pipeline fluctuates, the liquid oxygen pipeline regulating valve (V4) is automatically regulated;

the high-temperature high-pressure backpressure valve (V7) in the temperature and pressure regulating module is interlocked with a differential pressure transmitter (P2) and a reactor pressure instrument (P5), and when the pressure in the reactor fluctuates, the high-temperature high-pressure backpressure valve (V7) is automatically regulated;

a high-temperature pressure instrument (P4) and a multi-element hot fluid temperature instrument (T3) are arranged on a system outlet pipeline and are respectively interlocked with a high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve (V8) and a blending pipeline regulating valve (V5) to regulate the temperature and pressure of the multi-element hot fluid, and the blending pipeline regulating valve (V5) is automatically regulated when the temperature of the multi-element hot fluid fluctuates; when the pressure of the multi-element hot fluid fluctuates, the high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve (V8) is automatically adjusted.

8. The multi-element thermal fluid generation method based on the supercritical water thermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generation system of claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) filling softened water into a primary fuel inlet (11) and a secondary fuel inlet (12) by using a material pump (3), and adjusting the pressure of a main reaction chamber to a target pressure value A1;

2) one of the following control methods is executed:

the control method comprises the steps that softened water is heated by a preheater (8), the power of the preheater (8) is adjusted to ensure that a constant temperature rise rate is achieved at an ignition device (9), after the ignition device (9) reaches a target temperature value B1, fluid at an inlet of a material pump (3) is switched into a mixed material of methanol and the softened water, oxygen is supplied to an oxidant inlet (13) at the same time, the mixed material is ignited, and a target pressure value A3 of a high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve (V8) is set;

adjusting the power of an ignition device (9) to increase the surface temperature to B1, supplying oxygen to an oxidant inlet (13) to ignite the mixed material, and setting a target pressure value A3 of a high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve (V8);

3) in normal operation:

if the flow of the multi-element thermal fluid at the high-temperature high-pressure buffer tank (18) is larger than a set value M1, adjusting the material pump (3) to reduce the flow of the mixed material; if the flow of the multi-element thermal fluid at the high-temperature high-pressure buffer tank (18) is smaller than a set value M2, adjusting the material pump (3) to increase the flow of the mixed material;

if the pressure in the reactor (10) is lower than a set value M3, reducing the opening of the high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve (V7); if the pressure in the reactor (10) is higher than the set value M4, the opening degree of the high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve (V7) is increased; if the pressure of the multi-element heat flow of the multi-element heat fluid outlet (17) is lower than A3, the opening degree of a high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve (V8) is increased; if the pressure of the multi-element hot fluid at the multi-element hot fluid outlet (17) is higher than A3, reducing the opening degree of the high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve (V8); if the multi-element heat flow temperature of the multi-element heat fluid outlet (17) is lower than B3, the opening degree of the blending pipeline adjusting valve (V5) is reduced; and if the temperature of the multi-element heat flow of the multi-element heat fluid outlet (17) is higher than B3, the opening degree of the mixing pipeline adjusting valve (V5) is increased.

9. The multiple hot fluid generation method according to claim 8, wherein in normal operation, if the temperature at the waterwall temperature meter (T4) is higher than the set value M5, the preheater (8) or the ignitor (9) power is reduced while the cooling line regulating valve (V6) opening is increased; if the temperature of the water wall temperature meter (T4) is lower than the set value M6, the power of the preheater (8) or the ignition device (9) is increased, and the opening degree of the cooling pipeline adjusting valve (V6) is reduced, so that the wall temperature of the reactor is maintained to be B2.

10. The multiple thermal fluid generating method of claim 9 wherein the system shutdown process is as follows:

4-1) stopping oxygen supply, switching inlet fluid of the material pump (3) into softened water, adjusting power of a preheater (8) or an ignition device (9), constantly cooling, and controlling a high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve (V7) and a high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve (V8) in the cooling process to respectively ensure that the pressure in the reactor (10) and at the multi-element hot fluid outlet (17) is still maintained at target pressure values A1 and A3;

4-2) when the temperature of the multi-element hot fluid outlet (17) is reduced to a target temperature value B4, closing the material pump (3) and the high-pressure water supply port (19), and controlling the high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve (V7) and the high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve (V8) to gradually reduce the pressure of the system loop to normal pressure;

wherein B4< B3< B2< B1.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of thickened oil exploitation, relates to thermal exploitation of thickened oil by utilizing multi-element thermal fluid, and particularly relates to a supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generation system and method.

Background

The heavy oil is viscosity greater than 50 MPa.s and density greater than 0.92g/cm³The oil of (1). The Chinese energy resource reserves have less petroleum resources, and 2/3 is thick oil. The steam thermal recovery technology is widely applied to the field of thick oil recovery, but as the recovery is carried out, the recovery effect of the steam thermal recovery technology at the later stage is weakened, and a large amount of thick oil still exists in the stratum and cannot be recovered. In addition, the offshore heavy oil resources in China are rich, but the steam injection equipment of the conventional steam thermal recovery technology is huge and is difficult to apply to an offshore production platform. Compared with the common hot steam or hot water injection underground thick oil exploitation, the multi-element hot fluid thick oil exploitation technology has compact equipment and adopts multi-element hot fluid (CO)₂、H₂O、N₂Etc.) as heat carrier, greatly improves the recovery efficiency of the thickened oil by the actions of reducing viscosity by heat, dissolving gas, supplementing stratum energy and the like.

How to efficiently, greenly and stably generate the multi-element thermal fluid meeting the production requirement is a difficult problem faced by heavy oil thermal recovery by the multi-element thermal fluid. Supercritical hydrothermal combustion refers to a novel combustion technology in which organic matters are violently oxidized in supercritical water (T > 374.15 ℃, p > 22.12MPa) to generate flames. The supercritical water has the special properties of low viscosity, low dielectric constant, high diffusivity and the like, so that the organic matters completely dissolved in the supercritical water and the oxidant can complete the reaction in milliseconds, the reaction efficiency is high, and the reaction device is compact; the reaction product is green and harmless multi-element hot fluid such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and the like. Due to the existence of the hydrothermal flame, the reaction temperature is generally more than 700 ℃, the local temperature can be more than 1000 ℃, the heat released by the combustion of the hydrothermal flame can be used as an internal heat source to maintain the hydrothermal combustion reaction, and the material is allowed to enter the reactor in a subcritical state, so that the problems of inorganic salt precipitation, reactor blockage, corrosion and the like are avoided, and the stable operation of the system is ensured.

In actual production, in order to deal with different working conditions, the supercritical water heat combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generation system adopts different system structures and operation methods. However, at present, no specific system structure and operation method exist, and the system can be ensured to normally operate under different working conditions.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art and efficiently, greenly and stably generate the multi-element thermal fluid, the invention aims to provide a supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generation system and method, the system combines the advantages of supercritical hydrothermal combustion, two control methods are adopted to control the start, operation and stop of a regulation system, a material pretreatment module, an oxygen supply module and a supercritical hydrothermal combustion reaction system are used for generating the multi-element thermal fluid, the pressure and temperature of the multi-element thermal fluid are regulated by a temperature and pressure regulation module, a cooling module protects the wall surface of a reactor, and control instruments, corresponding control valves, equipment and interlocking are regulated in the operation process of the system, so that the multi-element thermal fluid meeting the mining requirements is safely and stably produced, and a feasible scheme is provided for efficient mining of thick oil.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multiple thermal fluid generation system comprising:

the reactor is provided with a primary fuel inlet, a secondary fuel inlet, an oxidant inlet, a mixed water inlet and a multi-element hot fluid outlet, an ignition device is arranged above a main reaction chamber of the reactor, the primary fuel inlet and the oxidant inlet are communicated with an area where the ignition device is located, the secondary fuel inlet and the mixed water inlet are communicated with the main reaction chamber, the multi-element hot fluid outlet is located at the bottom of the main reaction chamber, and the reactor is provided with a reactor pressure instrument for monitoring the pressure of the main reaction chamber;

the material pretreatment module comprises a material pump and a preheater, and the preheated material is sent into the reactor from the primary fuel inlet and the secondary fuel inlet;

the oxygen supply module is used for feeding oxygen into the reactor from the oxidant inlet;

the high-pressure water supply module comprises a high-pressure water supply port and sends high-pressure water into the reactor from the blending water inlet;

the temperature and pressure regulating module comprises a high-temperature high-pressure buffer tank, an outlet of the high-temperature high-pressure buffer tank is connected with a multi-element hot fluid outlet, a high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline, and a high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the high-temperature high-pressure buffer tank.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the ignition device is a heating rod, a high energy igniter or a catalytic bed, and is axially installed in the upper cavity of the reactor, and when the reactor is in operation, the primary fuel and the oxidant flow axially downward, are mixed at the ignition device and then are forcibly ignited, so as to generate a water-heat flame and ignite the secondary fuel.

In an embodiment of the invention, the material pretreatment module further comprises a methanol storage tank and a softened water storage tank, an outlet of the methanol storage tank and an outlet of the softened water storage tank are respectively connected with an inlet of the material pump through a pipeline with a methanol pipeline stop valve and a softened water pipeline stop valve, a methanol pipeline flow instrument is arranged at the inlet of the material pump, the outlet of the material pump is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the inlet of the preheater through a pipeline with a methanol pipeline pressure instrument, the other path is connected with the buffer tank, a preheater temperature instrument is arranged on the preheater, a material pipeline temperature instrument is arranged at the outlet of the preheater, the outlet of the preheater is divided into two paths, and the two paths are respectively connected with the primary fuel inlet and the secondary fuel inlet.

In one embodiment of the invention, the oxygen supply module comprises a low-temperature liquid oxygen storage tank, a liquid oxygen pump, a liquid oxygen gasifier and an oxygen buffer tank which are connected in sequence, wherein a liquid oxygen pipeline stop valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the low-temperature liquid oxygen storage tank and the liquid oxygen pump, an outlet of the oxygen buffer tank is connected with an oxidant inlet, and a liquid oxygen pipeline regulating valve and a liquid oxygen pipeline flow meter are arranged on the connecting pipeline.

In one embodiment of the invention, the reactor is provided with a water-cooled wall on the side wall of a main reaction chamber, a cold wall water inlet is positioned below and connected with a high-pressure water supply port, a cold wall water outlet is positioned above and connected back to a mixed water inlet, wherein a mixing pipeline regulating valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the high-pressure water supply port and the mixed water inlet, a cooling pipeline regulating valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the high-pressure water supply port and the cold wall water inlet, the cold wall water outlet is connected back to the downstream of the mixing pipeline regulating valve, and a cold wall water pipeline pressure instrument, a differential pressure transmitter and a water-cooled wall temperature instrument are arranged in a water-cooled wall channel.

In an embodiment of the invention, a high-temperature high-pressure flow meter, a high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve, a high-temperature pressure meter and a high-temperature meter are sequentially arranged on the outlet pipeline of the high-temperature high-pressure buffer tank.

In one embodiment of the present invention,

the methanol pipeline flow meter, the high-temperature high-pressure flow meter and the methanol pipeline pressure meter are interlocked with the material pump, and the material pump is automatically adjusted when the flow of the methanol pipeline fluctuates or generates flow fluctuation of multi-element hot fluid or pressure fluctuation of the methanol pipeline;

the preheater is interlocked with a preheater temperature instrument, a material pipeline temperature instrument and a water-cooled wall temperature instrument, the cold wall temperature instrument is interlocked with a cooling pipeline regulating valve, and the preheater is automatically regulated when the temperature of the preheater or the temperature of the material pipeline fluctuates; when the temperature of the water cooling wall fluctuates, the preheater and the cooling pipeline regulating valve are automatically regulated;

the liquid oxygen pipeline regulating valve is interlocked with the liquid oxygen pipeline flow instrument, and when the flow of the liquid oxygen pipeline fluctuates, the liquid oxygen pipeline regulating valve is automatically regulated;

the high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve in the temperature and pressure regulating module is interlocked with the differential pressure transmitter and the reactor pressure instrument, and the high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve is automatically regulated when the pressure in the reactor fluctuates;

a high-temperature pressure instrument and a multi-element hot fluid temperature instrument are arranged on the system outlet pipeline and are respectively interlocked with a high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve and a mixing pipeline regulating valve to regulate the temperature and the pressure of the multi-element hot fluid, and the mixing pipeline regulating valve is automatically regulated when the temperature of the multi-element hot fluid fluctuates; when the pressure of the multi-element thermal fluid fluctuates, the high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve is automatically adjusted.

The invention also provides a multi-element thermal fluid generation method based on the supercritical water heat combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generation system, which comprises the following steps:

1) filling softened water into the primary fuel inlet and the secondary fuel inlet by using a material pump, and adjusting the pressure of the main reaction chamber to a target pressure value A1;

2) one of the following control methods is executed:

the method comprises the steps that a preheater is used for heating softened water, the power of the preheater is adjusted to ensure that a constant temperature rise rate is achieved at an ignition device, after the ignition device reaches a target temperature value B1, fluid at an inlet of a material pump is switched into a mixed material of methanol and the softened water, oxygen is supplied to an oxidant inlet at the same time, the mixed material is ignited, and a target pressure value A3 of a high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve is set;

adjusting the power of the ignition device to increase the surface temperature of the ignition device to B1, supplying oxygen to an oxidant inlet, igniting the mixed material, and setting a target pressure value A3 of the high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve;

3) in normal operation:

if the flow of the multi-element hot fluid at the high-temperature high-pressure buffer tank is larger than a set value M1, adjusting the material pump to reduce the flow of the mixed material; if the flow of the multi-element thermal fluid at the high-temperature high-pressure buffer tank is smaller than a set value M2, adjusting the material pump to increase the flow of the mixed material;

if the pressure in the reactor is lower than a set value M3, reducing the opening of the high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve; if the pressure in the reactor is higher than a set value M4, increasing the opening of the high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve; if the pressure of the multi-element heat flow of the multi-element heat fluid outlet is lower than A3, the opening degree of the high-temperature and high-pressure reducing valve is increased; if the pressure of the multi-element hot fluid at the multi-element hot fluid outlet is higher than A3, the opening degree of the high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve is reduced; if the temperature of the multi-element heat flow of the multi-element heat fluid outlet is lower than B3, the opening of the mixing pipeline regulating valve is reduced; and if the temperature of the multi-element heat flow outlet is higher than B3, the opening degree of the mixing pipeline regulating valve is increased.

In normal operation, if the temperature of the water-cooled wall temperature instrument is higher than a set value M5, reducing the power of a preheater or an ignition device, and increasing the opening of a cooling pipeline regulating valve; if the temperature at the water wall temperature meter is lower than the set value M6, the power of the preheater or the ignition device is increased, and the opening degree of the cooling pipeline regulating valve is reduced, so that the wall temperature of the reactor is maintained to be B2.

The system of the invention is shut down as follows:

4-1) stopping oxygen supply, switching the fluid at the inlet of the material pump into softened water, adjusting the power of a preheater or an ignition device, constantly cooling, and controlling a high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve and a high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve in the cooling process to respectively ensure that the pressure in the reactor and the pressure at the outlet of the multi-element hot fluid are still maintained at target pressure values A1 and A3;

4-2) when the temperature of the multi-element hot fluid outlet is reduced to a target temperature value B4, closing the material pump and the high-pressure water supply port, and controlling the high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve and the high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve to gradually reduce the pressure of the system loop to normal pressure;

wherein B4< B3< B2< B1.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the system is provided with two control methods: the system control method comprises the steps that firstly, a preheater is started, an ignition device is closed, and a hot spontaneous combustion mode is adopted to generate a water-heating flame; the second control method is to turn off the preheater, start the ignition device and generate the water-heating flame in a forced ignition mode; the two control methods and various ignition devices can adapt to different fuel conditions, improve the fuel adaptability of the system and can stably generate water-heating flame within a wider working condition range.

2. Generate multi-element hot fluid, improve the efficiency of thick oil exploitation: the system generates multi-element hot fluid containing CO2, H2O, N2 and other components, has the effects of thermal viscosity reduction, gas dissolution, stratum energy supplement and the like compared with common steam, and can greatly improve the recovery efficiency of the thick oil.

3. When the system is started, firstly boosting and then heating: firstly, a supercritical hydrothermal combustion reaction system and a cooling module are filled with water and pressurized, so that the matching of the internal pressure and the external pressure of a water wall is realized, and the water wall is prevented from being damaged due to overlarge pressure bearing; the smooth temperature rise of the material pipeline in the subsequent temperature rise stage is ensured, and the wall surface of the reactor is well cooled.

4. When the system is shut down, firstly cooling and then reducing the pressure: by controlling the high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve and the high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve, the pressure in the reactor and at the outlet of the system is respectively ensured to be still maintained at a target pressure value, the stable flow of fluid in the system is ensured, and the system is prevented from being damaged by the phenomena of countercurrent, stagnation and the like; and when the temperature of the system is reduced to near normal temperature, the high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve and the high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve are adjusted to gradually and slowly reduce the pressure.

5. Instrument, valve, equipment interlock each other, maintain system steady operation: when the system normally operates, the power of the preheater or the ignition device is adjusted to ensure that the working temperature of the reactor is in a normal range; a high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve in the temperature and pressure regulating module is interlocked with the differential pressure transmitter and the reactor pressure instrument to regulate the pressure in the reactor and protect a water-cooled wall; the high-temperature high-pressure flow meter is interlocked with the material pump, so that the material flow is regulated and controlled, and the normal operation of the system is ensured; the high-temperature pressure instrument and the high-temperature instrument are respectively interlocked with the high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve and the mixing pipeline regulating valve to regulate the temperature and the pressure of the multi-element hot fluid, and the multi-element hot fluid meeting the production requirements is ensured to be generated.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the system of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an operation structure of a first system control method of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an operation structure of a second system control method of the present invention.

Wherein, the 1-methanol storage tank; 2-storage tank of softened water; 3-a material pump; 4-a low-temperature liquid oxygen storage tank; 5-liquid oxygen pump; 6-liquid oxygen gasifier; 7-an oxygen buffer tank; 8-a preheater; 9-an ignition device; 10-a reactor; 11-primary fuel inlet; 12-a secondary fuel inlet; 13-an oxidant inlet; 14-cold wall water outlet; 15-cold wall water inlet; 16-a blending water inlet; 17-a multi-element thermal fluid outlet; 18-high temperature high pressure buffer tank; 19-a high-pressure water supply port; 20-a buffer tank; v1-methanol pipeline stop valve; v2-softened water pipeline stop valve; v3-liquid oxygen pipeline stop valve; v4-liquid oxygen pipeline regulating valve; v5-blending pipe regulating valve; v6 — cooling line regulating valve; v7-high temperature high pressure back pressure valve; v8-high temperature and high pressure relief valve; f1-methanol pipeline flow meter; p1-methanol line pressure gauge; t1-preheater temperature gauge; T2-Material conduit temperature gauge; p2-differential pressure transmitter; P3-Cold wall Water piping pressure gauge; f2-high temperature and high pressure flow meter; p4-high temperature pressure gauge; t3-high temperature instrument; T4-Water wall temperature Meter; p5-reactor pressure gauge; f3-liquid oxygen pipeline flow meter.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.

The invention relates to a supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generation system, which combines supercritical hydrothermal combustion and multi-element thermal fluid thermal heavy oil recovery technology to generate stable hydrothermal flame in a spontaneous combustion or forced ignition mode, and CO is rapidly generated through organic matter hydrothermal combustion₂、H₂O、N₂Multi-element thermal fluid composed of equal components. According to different control methods, the system is controlled and adjusted through corresponding modules, control valves and instruments, the wall surface of the reactor is protected, and the parameters of the multi-element thermal fluid are adjusted.

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention includes a reactor 10, a material pretreatment module, an oxygen supply module, a high pressure water supply module, a temperature and pressure regulating module, etc.

The reactor 10 is used for carrying out supercritical hydrothermal combustion reaction, and is provided with a primary fuel inlet 11, a secondary fuel inlet 12, an oxidant inlet 13, a mixed water inlet 16 and a multi-element hot fluid outlet 17. In one embodiment, the reactor 10 is further provided with a water cooled wall on the side wall of its main reaction chamber, with the cold wall water inlet 15 below and the cold wall water outlet 14 above.

Above the main reaction chamber of the reactor 10 there is provided an ignition device 9, in one of the embodiments the ignition device 9 is in the form of a heating rod, a high energy igniter or a catalytic bed, axially mounted in the upper cavity of the reactor 10, operating or shut down according to a specific control method.

The primary fuel inlet 11 and the oxidant inlet 13 are communicated with the area where the ignition device 9 is positioned, the secondary fuel inlet 12 and the mixing water inlet 16 are communicated with the main reaction chamber, the multi-element hot fluid outlet 17 is positioned at the bottom of the main reaction chamber, and the reactor 10 is provided with a reactor pressure instrument P5 for monitoring the pressure of the main reaction chamber. In one embodiment, the secondary fuel inlet 12 is located below the primary fuel inlet 11 and the oxidant inlet 13, and the blend water inlet 16 is located below the secondary fuel inlet 12. When the ignition device works, the primary fuel and the oxidant flow downwards along the axial direction, are mixed at the ignition device 9 and then are forcibly ignited, so that water-heating flame is generated, and the secondary fuel is ignited.

The material pretreatment module comprises a material pump 3 and a preheater 8, preheated materials are sent into a reactor 10 from a primary fuel inlet 11 and a secondary fuel inlet 12, the material pump 3 pressurizes the materials, and the preheater 8 works or is closed according to a specific control method.

In one of the embodiments, the material pretreatment module further comprises a methanol storage tank 1 and a softened water storage tank 2, an ice storage tank is arranged outside the methanol storage tank 1 to ensure that the temperature in the tank is about 3 ℃, the outlet of the methanol storage tank and the outlet of the softened water storage tank 2 are respectively connected with the inlet of the material pump 3 through a pipeline with a methanol pipeline stop valve V1 and a softened water pipeline stop valve V2, a methanol pipeline flow meter F1 is arranged at the inlet of the material pump 3, the materials are mixed in the pipeline and then enter the material pump 3, and pressurization is carried out through the material pump 3. The outlet of the material pump 3 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the inlet of the preheater 8 through a pipeline with a methanol pipeline pressure instrument P1, the other path is connected with the buffer tank 20, and the buffer tank 20 eliminates pulsation in the pipeline. The preheater 8 is provided with a preheater temperature instrument T1, the outlet of the preheater 8 is provided with a material pipeline temperature instrument T2, and the outlet of the preheater 8 is divided into two paths which are respectively connected with the primary fuel inlet 11 and the secondary fuel inlet 12.

The oxygen supply module feeds oxygen from the oxidant inlet 13 into the reactor 10.

In one embodiment, the oxygen supply module comprises a low-temperature liquid oxygen storage tank 4, a liquid oxygen pump 5, a liquid oxygen gasifier 6 and an oxygen buffer tank 7 which are connected in sequence, the low-temperature liquid oxygen storage tank 4 is connected with the liquid oxygen pump 5 to pressurize liquid oxygen, the liquid oxygen gasifier 6 gasifies the pressurized liquid oxygen into oxygen, and the oxygen buffer tank 7 eliminates pulsation in the pipe. Wherein a liquid oxygen pipeline stop valve V3 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the low-temperature liquid oxygen storage tank 4 and the liquid oxygen pump 5, an outlet of the oxygen buffer tank 7 is connected with the oxidant inlet 13, and a liquid oxygen pipeline regulating valve V4 and a liquid oxygen pipeline flow meter F3 are arranged on the connecting pipeline.

The high pressure water supply module includes a high pressure water supply port 19 for supplying high pressure water into the reactor 10 through the blending water inlet 16. In one embodiment, the cold wall water inlet 15 is connected with the high-pressure water supply port 19, the cold wall water outlet 14 is connected back to the mixed water inlet 16, wherein a mixed pipeline regulating valve V5 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the high-pressure water supply port 19 and the mixed water inlet 16, a cooling pipeline regulating valve V6 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the cold wall water inlet 15, the cold wall water outlet 14 is connected back to the downstream of the mixed pipeline regulating valve V5, a cold wall water pipeline pressure instrument P3 and a differential pressure transmitter P2 are arranged on a water wall channel, the pressure of the cold wall water and the difference between the pressure of the cold wall water and the pressure in the reactor are displayed, and a water wall temperature instrument T4 is arranged to display the temperature of the water wall.

The temperature and pressure regulating module comprises a high-temperature high-pressure buffer tank 18, the high-temperature high-pressure buffer tank 18 eliminates pulsation in the pipe, an outlet of the high-temperature high-pressure buffer tank is connected with a multi-element hot fluid outlet 17, a high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve V7 is arranged on a connecting pipeline, and a high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve V8 is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the high-temperature high-pressure buffer tank 18.

In one embodiment, a high-temperature and high-pressure flow meter F2, a high-temperature and high-pressure reducing valve V8, a high-temperature pressure meter P4 and a high-temperature meter T3 are sequentially arranged on an outlet pipeline of the high-temperature and high-pressure buffer tank 18.

In one embodiment, the present invention implements the following interlock control:

the methanol pipeline flow meter F1, the high-temperature high-pressure flow meter F2 and the methanol pipeline pressure meter P1 are all interlocked with the material pump 3, and when the flow of the methanol pipeline fluctuates or multi-element hot fluid flow fluctuation or methanol pipeline pressure fluctuation is generated, the material pump 3 is automatically adjusted.

The preheater 8 is interlocked with a preheater temperature instrument T1, a material pipeline temperature instrument T2 and a water-cooled wall temperature instrument T4, the cold-cooled wall temperature instrument T4 is interlocked with a cooling pipeline regulating valve V6, and when the temperature of the preheater 8 fluctuates or the temperature of a material pipeline fluctuates, the preheater 8 is automatically regulated; the preheater 8 and the cooling duct regulating valve V6 are automatically adjusted when the water stave temperature fluctuates.

The liquid oxygen pipeline regulating valve V4 is interlocked with a liquid oxygen pipeline flow meter F3, and when the flow of the liquid oxygen pipeline fluctuates, the liquid oxygen pipeline regulating valve V4 is automatically regulated.

High temperature high pressure back pressure valve V7 interlocks with differential pressure transmitter P2 and reactor pressure instrument P5 in the pressure regulating module that adjusts temperature, when reactor internal pressure fluctuates, automatically regulated high temperature high pressure back pressure valve V7.

The system outlet pipeline is provided with a high-temperature pressure instrument P4 and a multi-element hot fluid temperature instrument T3 which are respectively interlocked with a high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve V8 and a blending pipeline regulating valve V5 to regulate the temperature and the pressure of the multi-element hot fluid, and when the temperature of the multi-element hot fluid fluctuates, the blending pipeline regulating valve V5 is automatically regulated; when the pressure of the multi-element hot fluid fluctuates, the high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve V8 is automatically adjusted.

Based on the system, the method for generating the multi-element hot fluid comprises the following steps:

1, filling softened water into a primary fuel inlet 11 and a secondary fuel inlet 12 by using a material pump 3, and adjusting the pressure of a main reaction chamber to a target pressure value A1. In one embodiment, the A1 adjustment is achieved by stepwise adjustment of the high temperature high pressure backpressure valve V7. In one embodiment, the cooling pipeline regulating valve V6 is also opened step by step, and the high-pressure water supply port 19 charges the supercritical water-heating combustion reaction system with cold wall water until the pressure on the cold wall water side is raised to the target pressure value a 2.

2, executing one of the following control methods:

referring to fig. 2, the first control method is to heat softened water by using the preheater 8, adjust the power of the preheater 8 to ensure that the ignition device 9 has a constant temperature rise rate, after the ignition device 9 reaches a target temperature value B1, switch the fluid at the inlet of the material pump 3 into a mixed material of methanol and softened water, simultaneously supply oxygen to the oxidant inlet 13, ignite the mixed material, and set a target pressure value A3 of a high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve V8, until the system starting process is completed.

And a second control method, referring to fig. 3, adjusting the power of the ignition device 9 to increase the surface temperature of the ignition device to B1, supplying oxygen to the oxidant inlet 13 at the same time, igniting the mixed material, and setting a target pressure value A3 of the high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve V8 until the system starting process is finished.

3, in normal operation:

if the flow rate of the multi-element thermal fluid at the high-temperature high-pressure buffer tank 18 is greater than a set value M1, adjusting the material pump 3 to reduce the flow rate of the mixed material; if the flow rate of the multi-element thermal fluid at the high-temperature high-pressure buffer tank 18 is less than a set value M2, adjusting the material pump 3 to increase the flow rate of the mixed material;

if the pressure in the reactor 10 is lower than the set value M3, reducing the opening of the high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve V7; if the pressure in the reactor 10 is higher than the set value M4, increasing the opening of the high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve V7; if the pressure of the multi-element heat flow of the multi-element heat fluid outlet 17 is lower than A3, the opening degree of a high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve V8 is increased; if the pressure of the multi-element hot fluid at the multi-element hot fluid outlet 17 is higher than A3, reducing the opening degree of a high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve V8; if the temperature of the multi-component heat flow of the multi-component heat fluid outlet 17 is lower than B3, the opening degree of the blending pipeline regulating valve V5 is reduced; if the multi-component heat flow temperature of the multi-component heat fluid outlet 17 is higher than B3, the opening degree of the blending pipeline adjusting valve V5 is increased.

In one embodiment, if the temperature at the water wall temperature gauge T4 is higher than the set point M5, the preheater 8 or the ignitor 9 is powered down while the cooling duct adjustment valve V6 is opened; if the temperature of the water wall temperature meter T4 is lower than the set value M6, the power of the preheater 8 or the ignition device 9 is increased, and the opening degree of the cooling pipeline adjusting valve V6 is reduced, so that the wall temperature of the reactor is maintained to be B2.

In one embodiment, the preparation before system startup is also given as follows:

a methanol pipeline stop valve V1 and a softened water pipeline stop valve V2 in front of the material pump 3, a liquid oxygen pipeline stop valve V3 and all regulating valves in front of the liquid oxygen pump 5 are in a closed state, a high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve V7 and a high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve V8 are in a fully open state, and materials are supplemented to the methanol storage tank 1, the softened water storage tank 2 and the low-temperature liquid oxygen storage tank 4 through an external process;

in one embodiment, the system shutdown procedure is also given as follows:

4-1, stopping oxygen supply, switching inlet fluid of the material pump 3 into softened water, adjusting power of a preheater 8 or an ignition device 9, constantly cooling, and controlling a high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve V7 and a high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve V8 in the cooling process to respectively ensure that the pressure in the reactor 10 and at the multi-element hot fluid outlet 17 is still maintained at target pressure values A1 and A3;

4-2, when the temperature of the multi-element hot fluid outlet 17 is reduced to a target temperature value B4, closing the material pump 3 and the high-pressure water supply port 19, and controlling the high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve V7 and the high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve V8 to gradually reduce the pressure of the system loop to normal pressure;

wherein B4< B3< B2< B1.

Referring to fig. 2 again, based on the first control method, the complete process of system startup, operation and shutdown is as follows:

before the system is started: a methanol pipeline stop valve V1 and a softened water pipeline stop valve V2 in front of the material pump 3, a liquid oxygen pipeline stop valve V3 and all regulating valves in front of the liquid oxygen pump 5 are in a closed state, a back pressure valve and a pressure reducing valve are in a fully open state, and materials are supplemented to the methanol storage tank 1, the softened water storage tank 2 and the low-temperature liquid oxygen storage tank 4 by an external process;

and (3) starting a system:

the material pump 3 fills softened water into the supercritical water hot combustion reaction system, and gradually adjusts the high-temperature and high-pressure back pressure valve V7 until the pressure at the reactor is increased to a target pressure value A1; the cooling pipeline regulating valve V6 is gradually opened, the high-pressure water supply port 19 fills cold wall water into the supercritical water hot combustion reaction system until the pressure of the cold wall water side is increased to a target pressure value A2, and the pressure increase of the supercritical water hot combustion reaction system is finished;

the preheater 8 heats softened water, the power of the preheater 8 is adjusted to ensure that the inlet of the reactor 10 has a constant temperature rise rate, after the inlet of the reactor 10 reaches a target temperature value B1, fluid at the inlet of the material pump 3 is switched into mixed material from the methanol storage tank 1 and the softened water storage tank 2, a liquid oxygen pipeline adjusting valve V4 is opened to supply oxygen to the reactor 10, a high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve V8 target pressure value A3 is set, and the system starting process is finished;

and (4) normal operation:

if the flow of the multi-element hot fluid at the high-temperature high-pressure buffer tank 18 is too large, the material pump 3 is adjusted to reduce the material flow; if the flow of the multi-element hot fluid at the high-temperature high-pressure buffer tank 18 is too small, the material pump 3 is adjusted to increase the material flow;

if the temperature of the water-cooled wall temperature instrument T4 is too high, reducing the power of the preheater 8 and increasing the opening degree of a cooling pipeline regulating valve V6; if the temperature at the T4 position of the water cooling wall temperature instrument is too low, the power of the preheater 8 is increased, and meanwhile, the opening degree of a cooling pipeline regulating valve V6 is reduced, and the wall surface temperature of the reactor is maintained to be B2;

if the pressure in the reactor 10 is too low, the opening degree of the high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve V7 is reduced; if the pressure in the reactor 10 is too high, the opening degree of the high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve V7 is increased; if the pressure of the multi-element heat flow at the outlet of the system is lower than A3, increasing the opening degree of a high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve V8; if the pressure of the multi-element hot flow at the outlet of the system is higher than A3, reducing the opening degree of a high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve V8; if the temperature of the multi-element hot fluid at the outlet of the system is lower than B3, the opening degree of a mixing pipeline regulating valve V5 is reduced; and if the temperature of the multi-element hot fluid at the outlet of the system is higher than B3, increasing the opening degree of the mixing pipeline regulating valve V5.

And (3) stopping the system:

closing the liquid oxygen pipeline regulating valve V4 and stopping oxygen supply; the fluid at the inlet of the material pump 3 is switched to be softened; adjusting the power of a preheater 8 to ensure that the reactor 10 has a constant cooling rate, and controlling a high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve V7 and a high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve V8 in the cooling process to respectively ensure that the pressure in the reactor 10 and the pressure at the outlet of the system are still maintained at target pressure values A1 and A3;

when the temperature of the outlet of the reactor is reduced to a target temperature value B4, the material pump 3 and the high-pressure water supply port 19 are closed, and the high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve V7 and the high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve V8 are controlled to gradually reduce the pressure of the system loop to the normal pressure.

The target temperature value has the following size relationship: b4< B3< B2< B1

Referring to fig. 3 again, based on the second control method, the complete process of system startup, operation and shutdown is as follows:

before the system is started: the material pump 3 fills softened water into the supercritical water hot combustion reaction system, and gradually adjusts the high-temperature and high-pressure back pressure valve V7 until the pressure at the reactor is increased to a target pressure value A1; the cooling pipeline regulating valve V6 is gradually opened, the high-pressure water supply port 19 fills cold wall water into the supercritical water hot combustion reaction system until the pressure of the cold wall water side is increased to a target pressure value A2, and the pressure increase of the supercritical water hot combustion reaction system is finished;

and (3) starting a system:

the material pump 3 fills softened water into the supercritical water hot combustion reaction system, and gradually adjusts the high-temperature and high-pressure back pressure valve V7 until the pressure at the reactor is increased to a target pressure value A1; the cooling pipeline regulating valve V6 is gradually opened, the high-pressure water supply port 19 fills cold wall water into the supercritical water hot combustion reaction system until the pressure of the cold wall water side is increased to a target pressure value A2, and the pressure increase of the supercritical water hot combustion reaction system is finished;

fluid at the inlet of the material pump 3 is switched into mixed material from the methanol storage tank 1 and the softened water storage tank 2, a liquid oxygen pipeline regulating valve V4 is opened to supply oxygen to the reactor 10, the power of an ignition device 9 is regulated, the surface temperature is increased to B1, the mixed material is ignited, a target pressure value A3 of a high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve V8 is set, and the starting process of the system is finished;

and (4) normal operation:

if the flow of the multi-element hot fluid at the high-temperature high-pressure buffer tank 18 is too large, the material pump 3 is adjusted to reduce the material flow; if the flow of the multi-element hot fluid at the high-temperature high-pressure buffer tank 18 is too small, the material pump 3 is adjusted to increase the material flow;

if the temperature of the water-cooled wall temperature instrument T4 is too high, reducing the power of the ignition device 9, and increasing the opening degree of the cooling pipeline regulating valve V6; if the temperature at the T4 position of the water-cooled wall temperature instrument is too low, the power of the ignition device 9 is increased, meanwhile, the opening degree of the cooling pipeline regulating valve V6 is reduced, and the wall surface temperature of the reactor is maintained to be B2;

if the pressure in the reactor 10 is too low, the opening degree of the high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve V7 is reduced; if the pressure in the reactor 10 is too high, the opening degree of the high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve V7 is increased; if the pressure of the multi-element heat flow at the outlet of the system is lower than A3, increasing the opening degree of a high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve V8; if the pressure of the multi-element hot flow at the outlet of the system is higher than A3, reducing the opening degree of a high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve V8; if the temperature of the multi-element hot fluid at the outlet of the system is lower than B3, the opening degree of a mixing pipeline regulating valve V5 is reduced; and if the temperature of the multi-element hot fluid at the outlet of the system is higher than B3, increasing the opening degree of the mixing pipeline regulating valve V5.

And (3) stopping the system:

closing the liquid oxygen pipeline regulating valve V4 and stopping oxygen supply; the fluid at the inlet of the material pump 3 is switched to be softened; adjusting the power of an ignition device 9, ensuring that the reactor 10 has a constant cooling rate, controlling a high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve V7 and a high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve V8 in the cooling process, and respectively ensuring that the pressure in the reactor 10 and the pressure at the outlet of the system are still maintained at target pressure values A1 and A3;

when the temperature of the outlet of the reactor is reduced to a target temperature value B4, the material pump 3 and the high-pressure water supply port 19 are closed, and the high-temperature high-pressure back pressure valve V7 and the high-temperature high-pressure reducing valve V8 are controlled to gradually reduce the pressure of the system loop to the normal pressure.

The target temperature value has the following size relationship: b4< B3< B2< B1.

In the invention, preferably, when the selected fuel is pure fuel, the first control method is selected; and when the selected fuel is a fuel mixture containing inorganic salt, selecting a second control method.

The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.