阅读说明：本技术 一种用于中厚急倾斜回采中的多天井垂直分条留矿采矿方法 (Multi-raise vertical stripe shrinkage mining method for medium-thickness and heavy-pitch stoping ) 是由 原振宇 李正灿 李官兵 张浩法 于 2021-09-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及矿体开采技术领域,特别涉及一种用于中厚急倾斜回采中的多天井垂直分条留矿采矿方法,多天井垂直分条浅孔留矿采矿法是在无底柱浅孔留矿法的基础上,将阶段划分从水平的分段变为垂直的分条,并利用多条切割天井充当作业空间以及回采工作台,以采用浅孔落矿方式来回采不稳固中厚急倾斜矿体的一种的采矿方法,使得通过在矿房内开凿多条切割天井将矿房垂直分成多个分条,回采时以切巷和切割天井为自由面,以预留矿堆作为工作平台,由天井向四周凿钻水平浅孔进行水平浅孔落矿,由下而上逐层回采,其具有明确的多梯次工作面,作业方便,采矿工效高,作业安全,且崩落矿石的贫化率小,人员无需进入落矿空间作业等优点。(The invention relates to the technical field of ore body mining, in particular to a multi-raise vertical stripe shrinkage mining method used in medium-thickness heavy-dipping stoping, which is a mining method that on the basis of a sill pillar-free shallow hole shrinkage mining method, the stage division is changed from horizontal segmentation into vertical stripe division, a plurality of cutting raises are used as an operation space and a stoping workbench, and unstable medium-thickness heavy-dipping ore bodies are stoped back and forth by adopting a shallow hole ore-dropping mode, so that a plurality of cutting raises are chiseled in a chamber to vertically divide the chamber into a plurality of stripe divisions, the working efficiency of cutting roadways and the cutting raises are reserved as free surfaces during stoping, a pile is used as a working platform, horizontal shallow holes are chiseled from the raise to the periphery to perform horizontal shallow hole ore-dropping, the stoping is carried out layer by layer from bottom to top, the mining method has clear multi-gradient working surfaces, is convenient to operate and high in mining, the operation is safe, the dilution rate of the caving ore is small, and personnel do not need to enter the ore falling space for operation.)

1. A multi-raise vertical stripe shrinkage mining method used in medium-thickness heavy-dipping stoping is characterized in that: including courtyard (1), divide the trend of ore block along the ore body into a plurality of stopes and divide into the strip, just the courtyard includes: a courtyard (2), No. two courtyards (3), No. three courtyards (4), No. four courtyards (5), No. five courtyards (6), No. six courtyards (7), No. seven courtyards (8), the strip includes in the recovery: firstly, mining a first raise (9), a first mining a second raise (10), a second mining a first raise (11) and a second mining a second raise (12), constructing the raise (2) No. 1 to a design position to be communicated with a middle section of 9, constructing the raise (4) No. three to a level of-247 m, constructing the raise (2) No. 1 to be communicated with the middle section of 9 in a stope after an ore body at the bottom of the first mining a (9) is mined to a design height for local ore drawing, and constructing the raise (2) No. 1 to be communicated with the middle section of 9 in the stope, and constructing the raise (3) No. two and the raise (8) No. 9 to be communicated with the middle section of 9 in the stope when the unit mining a first mining a (9) is mined;

constructing the four-day well (4) to the seven-day well (8) to be communicated with the middle section of 9 in sequence, constructing the two-mining-one (11) and the two-mining-two (12) vein outward transportation lane and ore removal penetration in the construction process of 10, constructing a connecting lane with the length of 3m every 10 m in the construction process of the same way, constructing the whole ore body of the first-mining-one (9) area to carry out stoping along the inclination of the ore body by relying on the 1-day well (2), carrying out stoping after finishing the mining and cutting process, wherein the stoping comprises rock drilling, blasting, ventilating, local ore drawing, top flat field prying, supporting and other operations, one third of the ore amount can be discharged during the local ore drawing, an ore pile is temporarily reserved in the stope, the working face is controlled at the height required for ensuring the safe operation of the rock drilling working face, the top height is controlled not more than 2m, each stoping is layered and stoping, the layered stoping is layered and the layered mining height is 1.5m, and the chamber with the layered rock drilling chamber with the specification of 4m is expanded during the layered mining, and by means of the ore piles reserved below the drilling chamber, horizontal shallow holes are constructed in the drilling chamber for stoping, and when the stoping is carried out in each strip and layer, the upper plate ore body is stoped firstly, and then the ore bodies on two sides are stoped.

2. The multi-raise vertical stripe shrinkage mining method for medium-thickness heavy-dipping extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the patio (1) is seven, and the specification of patio (1) is 1.8m 1.5 m.

3. The multi-raise vertical stripe shrinkage mining method for medium-thickness heavy-dipping extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that: when blasting is carried out: the rock drilling selects an YT-28 air-leg pneumatic rock drill, a drill rod with the length of 4m and a cylindrical tooth-shaped drill bit with the diameter of 40 mm-42 mm are matched, horizontal shallow holes are constructed, the row distance of blast holes is 0.8m, the distance of blast holes is 0.6m, the distance of blast holes is 0.3m from top to bottom, the charging mode is manual charging, the blasting equipment is 2# rock emulsion explosive, the diameter of explosive sticks is 32mm, 1 initiating explosive stick is placed in each blast hole during charging, the initiating explosive stick is placed at the second explosive stick position close to the ground, the energy-gathered cavity of a detonator faces to an orifice, the blast holes adopt columnar continuous charging, a non-conductive blasting tube differential blasting system is adopted for blasting, the blast holes are connected through a series-parallel network, a DBG-3B waterproof remote exciter is used for blasting, the distance of a detonating lead is 250-300 m, the detonating sequence is arranged from a free surface one by one, and two rows of blast holes are blasted at a time.

4. The multi-raise vertical stripe shrinkage mining method for medium-thickness heavy-dipping extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that: when supporting: the upper and lower parts of the spiral strut are made of wood base plates, the lower parts of the spiral strut are made of 100cm multiplied by 40cm and 30cm multiplied by 30cm in specification, the thickness of the base plates is 5cm, an end anchoring type anchor rod is adopted for supporting the upper disc, the length of the anchor rod is 3m, the supporting mesh degree is 3m multiplied by 3m, and the upper disc is arranged in a quincunx manner.

5. The multi-raise vertical stripe shrinkage mining method for medium-thickness heavy-dipping extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the elements of the ore block are as follows: the length is 44m, the height is 40m, and the width is the full thickness of the ore body; 2 in 10, the length is 38m, the height is 40m, the width is the full thickness of the ore body, each stoping stripe is 12m in length, the width is the full thickness of the ore body, 3m pillars are left between stopes, and 4m top pillars are reserved on the upper part.

6. The multi-raise vertical stripe shrinkage mining method for medium-thickness heavy-dipping extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that: the stoping striping is as follows: the length is determined by the construction depth of the shallow hole, when a 4m drill rod is adopted, the raise is expanded to 4.0m multiplied by 4.0m, then 4m shallow holes can be respectively constructed to the periphery, and therefore the length of the strip is determined to be 12 m.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ore body mining, in particular to a multi-raise vertical stripe shrinkage mining method for medium-thickness heavy-pitch stoping.

Background

The 17-line ore block in the middle section of 10 of a mare marquee mine in the pelley mining industry is controlled by 9 middle section vein-following engineering, the lower part of the ore block is controlled by 10 middle section vein-following engineering, the stage height is 40m, the length of the ore block is 82m, the ore body is mainly yellow iron sericite granite, the stones are Brilliant porphyry, the surrounding rocks are granite amphimorphy, the ore rock is locally jointed and developed, the ore body is unstable, the trend of the ore body is +/-18-25 degrees, the inclination SE is 55-65 degrees, the average thickness is 4m, the change of the thickness of the ore body along the trend and the inclination is larger, and a larger dead zone is reserved on the ore body due to the mining of people in the early stage;

the mining method mainly adopted by the Penglai mining industry at present is a manual ore removal shallow hole shrinkage method with a sill pillar-free flat-bottomed structure, the mining method is mainly suitable for mining thin or medium-thick ore bodies with stable ore rocks, the requirement on the stability of the ore rocks is higher when the thickness of the ore bodies is larger, and for the recovery of the medium-thick steeply inclined ore bodies, a sublevel chamber method, a sublevel caving method, an upward layered filling method, a downward layered filling method and the like are generally adopted according to the stability of the ore rocks,

when the shrinkage mining method is adopted, the requirement on the stability of ore rocks is high, the roof slope management is difficult due to the large exposed area of a stope, especially under the condition that the ore rocks are unstable or moderately stable, the potential great roof fall caving potential safety hazard exists, the ore body of the 17-line ore block at the middle section of 10 is unstable or moderately stable, and the condition that the roof falls off in a large area due to the adoption of a common shrinkage mining method occurs in the stoping process of an adjacent chamber, so the mining method is urgently needed to be improved to meet the requirement on safe stoping.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a multi-raise vertical stripe shrinkage mining method for medium-thickness and heavy-pitch stoping, which aims to solve the problem that the ore body of a 10-middle-section 17-line ore block is unstable or moderately stable, and a roof is easy to fall off in a large area during the stoping process in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: including the courtyard, divide the trend of ore block along the ore body into a plurality of stopes and divide into the strip, just the courtyard includes: the first patio, No. two patios, No. three patios, No. four patios, No. five patios, No. six patios, No. seven patios, the strip includes in the recovery: firstly, constructing the No. 1 raise to a design position to be communicated with a middle section 9, constructing the No. three raise to a level of-247 m, constructing the No. one raise in a stope to partially ore drawing at a design height, constructing the No. one raise to be communicated with the middle section 9 in the stope, and constructing the No. two raise, the No. three raise to be communicated with the middle section 9 in the stope when the one raise and the one unit raise are constructed;

constructing the four-day shaft to the seven-day shaft to be communicated with the middle section 9, constructing the two-mining-one and the two-mining-two-vein outer transportation lane and ore drawing through in the construction process 10, constructing a connecting lane with the length of 3m every 10 m in the forward construction process, integrally ascending and mining the one-mining-one area ore body along the ore body trend by depending on the one-day shaft, carrying out mining after the mining and cutting process is finished, carrying out mining by the operations of rock drilling, blasting, ventilation, local ore drawing, top leveling, supporting and the like, discharging one third of ore amount when locally drawing ore, temporarily retaining an ore pile in a mining field, controlling the working face to be at the height required for ensuring the safe operation of the rock drilling working face, controlling the top height to be not more than 2m, carrying out the layered mining by each mining strip, carrying out the layered mining with the layered height of 1.5m, expanding the layered-day shaft into a rock drilling chamber with the specification of 4m x 4m when carrying out mining, and by means of the ore piles reserved below the drilling chamber, horizontal shallow holes are constructed in the drilling chamber for stoping, and when the stoping is carried out in each strip and layer, the upper plate ore body is stoped firstly, and then the ore bodies on two sides are stoped.

Preferably, the patio is seven, and the patio has a specification of 1.8m by 1.5 m.

Preferably, when blasting is performed: the rock drilling adopts an YT-28 air-leg type pneumatic rock drill, a drill rod with the length of 4m and a cylindrical tooth-shaped drill bit with the diameter of 40mm to 42mm are matched, and the diameter of a formed hole is 40mm to 42 mm. Horizontal shallow holes are constructed, the row spacing of blast holes is 0.8m, the spacing is 0.6m, the distance between blast holes is 0.3m from the upper plate to the lower plate, the explosive loading mode is manual explosive loading, the explosive material is 2# rock emulsion explosive, and the diameter of a cartridge is 32 mm. During charging, 1 initiating explosive roll is placed in each blast hole, the initiating explosive roll is placed at the position close to the second explosive bag on the eye ground, the energy-gathered cavity of a detonator faces to an orifice, the blast holes are charged continuously in a columnar mode, a non-electric detonator differential initiation system is used for initiation, the blasting explosive is connected through a series-parallel network, a DBG-3B waterproof remote exciter is used for detonation, the distance of a detonation lead is 250-300 m, the detonation is started row by row from a free surface in the initiation sequence, and two rows of blast holes are blasted each time.

Preferably, when performing bracing: the upper and lower parts of the spiral strut are made of wood base plates, the lower parts of the spiral strut are made of 100cm multiplied by 40cm and 30cm multiplied by 30cm in specification, the thickness of the base plates is 5cm, an end anchoring type anchor rod is adopted for supporting the upper disc, the length of the anchor rod is 3m, the supporting mesh degree is 3m multiplied by 3m, and the upper disc is arranged in a quincunx manner.

Preferably, the elements of the ore block are as follows: the length is 44m, the height is 40m, and the width is the full thickness of the ore body; 2 out of 10, the length is 38m, the height is 40m, and the width is the full thickness of the ore body. Each stoping branch is 12m long and wide as the full thickness of the ore body, 3m pillars are reserved between stopes, and 4m top pillars are reserved on the upper part.

Preferably, the stoping striping is as follows: the length is determined by the construction depth of the shallow hole, when a 4m drill rod is adopted, the raise is expanded to 4.0m multiplied by 4.0m, then 4m shallow holes can be respectively constructed to the periphery, and therefore the length of the strip is determined to be 12 m. .

The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:

the mining machine is characterized in that a plurality of cutting patios are arranged in a mining room to vertically divide the mining room into a plurality of strips, a cutting roadway and the cutting patios are used as free surfaces during stoping, a reserved ore pile is used as a working platform, horizontal shallow holes are drilled from the patios to the periphery to carry out horizontal shallow hole ore dropping, and stoping is carried out layer by layer from bottom to top.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a vertical longitudinal projection of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a composite plan view of fig. 9 and 10 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a top sectional view of the lower end of a fourth patio of the invention.

Fig. 4 is a side sectional view of the patio type two in accordance with the present invention.

In the figure: 1. raise shafts; 2. a raise; 3. a second raise; 4. a third raise; 5. a fourth raise; 6. a fifth raise; 7. a raise of six; 8. a raise of seven; 9. firstly, adopting-one; 10. first mining and second mining; 11. two-mining-one; 12. two adopt-two.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention provides a multi-raise vertical stripe shrinkage mining method for medium-thickness and heavy-pitch stoping, which comprises raises 1, raises 1 are seven, and raise 1 has a specification of 1.8m 1.5m, and divides an ore block into a plurality of stoping stripes along the trend of an ore body, and the stoping stripes are: the length is determined by the shallow hole construction depth, when a 4m drill rod is adopted, the raise is expanded to 4.0m multiplied by 4.0m, then 4m shallow holes can be respectively constructed to the periphery, so that the strip length is determined to be 12m, and the elements of the ore block are as follows: the length is 44m, the height is 40m, and the width is the full thickness of the ore body; 2 out of 10, the length is 38m, the height is 40m, and the width is the full thickness of the ore body. Each stope branch is 12m long, and the width is ore body full thickness, and leaves 3m pillars between the stope, and upper portion reserves 4m fore-set, and the courtyard includes: no. 2, No. 3, No. 4, No. 5, No. 6, No. 7, No. 8 of No. 6, No. 8 of No. 3 courtyards of courtyard, the recovery is divided the strip and is included: firstly, constructing a No. 1 raise 2 to a designed position to be communicated with a middle section of 9, constructing a No. three raise 4 to a level of-247 m, performing first mining-first 9 bottom ore body stoping to a designed height for local ore drawing, constructing a No. 1 raise 2 to be communicated with a middle section of 9 in a stope, and constructing a No. two raise 3 and a No. three raise 8 to be communicated with 9 in the stope when performing first mining-first 9 unit stoping;

sequentially constructing a four-number raise 4 to a seven-number raise 8 to be communicated with a 9 middle section, constructing a second mining-first 11 and a second mining-second 12 vein outer transportation lane and ore removal through in the construction 10, constructing a connecting lane with the length of 3m every 10 m in the forward construction process, depending on the raise 2 of the No. 1, integrally ascending and mining the ore body in a first mining-first 9 area along the ore body trend, carrying out mining after the mining and cutting process is finished, carrying out mining on the mining including rock drilling, blasting, ventilating, local ore drawing, prying and leveling, supporting and the like, wherein in the blasting, the rock drilling adopts an YT-28 air leg type pneumatic rock drill, a drill rod with the length of 4m and a column tooth-shaped drill bit with the diameter of 40mm to 42 mm. Horizontal shallow holes are constructed, the row spacing of blast holes is 0.8m, the spacing is 0.6m, the distance between blast holes is 0.3m from the upper plate to the lower plate, the explosive loading mode is manual explosive loading, the explosive material is 2# rock emulsion explosive, and the diameter of a cartridge is 32 mm. During charging, 1 initiating explosive roll is placed in each blast hole, the initiating explosive roll is placed at the position close to the second explosive bag on the eye ground, the energy-gathered cavity of a detonator faces to an orifice, the blast hole is charged continuously in a columnar mode, a non-electric detonator differential initiation system is used for initiation, the initiation is connected through a series-parallel network, a DBG-3B waterproof remote exciter is used for initiation, the distance of an initiation lead is 250-300 m, initiation sequences are initiated and initiated row by row from a free surface, and two rows of blast holes are initiated each time, and when the support is carried out: the upper and lower parts of the spiral strut are made of wood base plates, the lower parts of the spiral strut are made of 100cm x 40cm and 30cm x 30cm in specification, the base plates are 5cm in thickness, an end anchoring type anchor rod is adopted to support the upper wall, the length of the anchor rod is 3m, the supporting mesh is 3m x 3m, the base plates are arranged in a quincunx manner, one third of ore amount can be discharged during local ore drawing, an ore pile is temporarily reserved in a stope, the working face is controlled to be at the height required for ensuring the safe operation of a rock drilling working face, the top height is controlled to be not more than 2m, each stoping strip is stoped in a layering mode, the layering height is 1.5m, the layering raise is firstly expanded into a chamber with the specification of 4m x 4m during stoping, an ore pile is reserved below the rock drilling chamber, horizontal shallow holes are constructed in the rock drilling chamber for stoping, and then, the upper wall ore bodies are stoped on both sides after the layering stoping.

This practical theory of operation: dividing an ore block into 10 middle mining 1 and 10 middle mining 2 stopes through a central pillar, wherein 10 middle mining 1 bottom and south wing thin ore bodies are mined by a common shallow hole shrinkage method, the rest areas are divided into 7 mining branches along the direction of the ore body by constructing a first raise 2, a second raise 3, a third raise 4, a fourth raise 5, a fifth raise 6, a sixth raise 7 and a seventh raise 8, the specification of the raise is 1.8m multiplied by 1.5m, constructors rely on the raise 1, reserved ore piles are used as a working platform, horizontal shallow holes are drilled from the raise 1 to the periphery for horizontal shallow hole ore dropping, the mining is carried out layer by layer from bottom to top, 10 middle mining 1 is 44m long and 40m high, and the width is the full thickness of the ore body; in 10, 2 mining lengths are 38m, heights are 40m, widths are full thicknesses of ore bodies, each mining branch is 12m long, the widths are full thicknesses of the ore bodies, a bottom structure is a manual digging and loading flat bottom structure with an extra-vein transport lane and a mine removal tunnel, a 3m pillar is reserved between two mining fields, a 4m top pillar is reserved at the upper part, 1 mining utilizes an original 1-0 mine exploration raise as a Nanwinging raise, a vein mine exploration tunnel is utilized as a cutting drift, an extra-vein mine exploration tunnel is utilized as a stage transport lane, a mine removal tunnel is utilized as a mine removal tunnel, 2 mining utilizes the extra-vein mine exploration tunnel as a cutting drift, and the mining and cutting engineering construction sequence is as follows: two stopes divide every two stopes into one stoping unit from south to north along the direction of an ore body, namely four stoping units of one mining-one 9, one mining-two 10, two mining-one 11 and two mining-two 12. Firstly, constructing a first courtyard 2 to a designed position to be communicated with a middle section 9, constructing a third courtyard to be 4-247 m horizontal, 1, mining a bottom ore body to be stoped to a designed height, locally drawing ore, and constructing the first courtyard 2 to be communicated with the middle section 9 in a stope; when 1-1 unit is mined, a second raise 3, a third raise 4 and a third raise 9 are constructed in a stope and communicated; then sequentially constructing a fourth courtyard 5-a seventh courtyard 8 to be communicated with a middle section 9, constructing 2 mining pulse external transportation roadways and ore removal through in construction 10, constructing connection roadways with the length of 3m every 10 meters in the forward construction process, and storing and avoiding chambers as tools;

and (3) stoping sequence: the mining units are sequentially mined from south to north, during mining of the former unit, a mining preparation project of the latter unit can be constructed, the first mining-first 9 unit firstly adopts a common shallow hole shrinkage method to mine the thin ore body at the bottom to a designed height, then depends on the raise 2, integrally lifts the ore body in the area along the inclination of the ore body to perform mining, the mining process is that after the mining and cutting process is finished, the mining can be performed, the mining comprises rock drilling, blasting, ventilation, local ore drawing, top prying, flat ground, supporting and the like, about one third of ore amount is discharged during local ore drawing, ore piles are temporarily reserved in the stope, the working face is controlled at a height required for ensuring safe operation of the rock drilling working face, and the top control height is not more than 2 m. And each stoping is carried out in a layering and layering manner, the layering height is 1.5m, the layering raise is firstly expanded into a drilling chamber with the specification of 4m multiplied by 4m during stoping, an ore pile is left below the drilling chamber, a horizontal shallow hole is constructed in the drilling chamber for stoping, and when each layering stoping is carried out in a layering manner, the upper plate ore body is firstly stoped, and then the ore bodies on the north and south sides are stoped.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.