阅读说明：本技术 水轮机大轴中心测量方法 (Method for measuring center of large shaft of water turbine ) 是由 林海波 黄国庚 王雨生 姚育民 邓瑞宝 郭帅帅 于 2021-09-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明揭示了一种水轮机大轴中心测量方法,首先,在机组拆除前、转轮拆除前后、转子拆除前后确定管型座与大轴方位、内导环与大轴方位,并在管型座、内导环、内导环延伸段三个位置的+X、-X、+Y和-Y四个方位使用内径千分尺测量出大轴与管型座、内导环、内导环延伸段的距离的原始数据；然后,在机组大轴回装过程中,按照上述方位重新进行测量,根据测量的数据进行比对确定调整的方位和幅度。本发明根据测量的数据进行比对确定调整的方位和幅度,能大大提高设备测量调整的效率和精准度。(The invention discloses a method for measuring the center of a large shaft of a water turbine, which comprises the steps of firstly, determining the positions of a tubular seat and the large shaft and the positions of an inner guide ring and the large shaft before a unit is disassembled, before and after a rotating wheel is disassembled and before and after a rotor is disassembled, and measuring original data of the distances between the large shaft and the tubular seat, the inner guide ring and the extension section of the inner guide ring by using an inner diameter micrometer in the four positions of + X, -X, + Y and-Y of the three positions of the tubular seat, the inner guide ring and the extension section of the inner guide ring; and then, in the process of returning the large shaft of the unit, measuring again according to the direction, and comparing according to measured data to determine the direction and the amplitude of adjustment. The invention compares and determines the adjusted direction and amplitude according to the measured data, and can greatly improve the efficiency and the accuracy of the measurement and adjustment of the equipment.)

1. The method for measuring the center of the large shaft of the water turbine is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

determining the positions of a tubular seat and a large shaft, and the positions of an inner guide ring and the large shaft before the unit is disassembled, before and after a rotating wheel is disassembled, and before and after a rotor is disassembled, measuring original data of the distances between the large shaft and the tubular seat, the inner guide ring and the extension section of the inner guide ring in four positions of + X, -X, + Y and-Y of the three positions of the tubular seat, the inner guide ring and the extension section of the inner guide ring by using an inner diameter micrometer, and determining the relative position of the large shaft and the tubular seat;

and step two, in the large shaft re-installation process of the unit, re-measuring according to the direction in the step one, and comparing according to measured data to determine the direction and the amplitude of adjustment.

2. The method for measuring the center of the large shaft of the water turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first step comprises the following steps:

1) selecting measuring points at the upstream and downstream parts of the tubular seat, the inner guide ring and the inner guide ring extension section, marking the selected measuring points, and respectively measuring and recording the relative distances between the large shaft and the tubular seat, the inner guide ring and the inner guide ring extension section and the levelness of the large shaft before the rotating wheel and the rotor of the unit are dismantled;

2) after the rotating wheel and the rotor are disassembled, the relative distances between the large shaft and the tubular seat, the inner guide ring and the extension section of the inner guide ring are measured again and recorded;

3) measuring the levelness of the large shaft at the upstream side of the water guide bearing and the downstream side of the combined bearing, recording, and marking the measuring points on the large shaft;

4) and measuring and recording the inclination of the flange surface of the water turbine on the downstream side of the large shaft, and performing marking processing.

3. The method for measuring the center of the large shaft of the water turbine as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in the step 1), the step 3) and the step 4), the marking method is to punch a sample and make a hole.

4. The method for measuring the center of the large shaft of the water turbine as claimed in claim 2, wherein: and in the step 3), a frame type level meter is adopted to measure the levelness of the large shaft at the upstream side of the water guide bearing and the downstream side of the combined bearing.

5. The method for measuring the center of the large shaft of the water turbine as claimed in claim 2, wherein: and in the step 4), measuring the inclination of the flange surface of the large shaft by using a piano wire.

6. The method for measuring the center of the large shaft of the water turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the second step comprises the following steps:

1) before the rotating wheel and the rotor are installed, the bearing and the water guide bearing are lifted into a foundation pit to be in place along with the large shaft, then the relative distances between the large shaft and the tubular seat, the inner guide ring and the extension section of the inner guide ring are measured, the relative distances are compared with the original data in the step one, and the adjustment direction and the adjustment value of the inner guide ring are calculated;

2) jacking up the water guide bearing at the downstream of the large shaft to separate the water guide bearing from the inner guide ring, wherein the inner guide ring does not bear pressure, and adjusting the position of the inner guide ring according to the data calculated by analysis;

3) pre-tightening the inner guide ring and part of connecting bolts of the tubular seat, putting down the jacked large shaft, and dropping the large shaft water guide bearing support on the inner guide ring to enable the inner guide ring to bear the weight of the large shaft;

4) measuring the relative distance between the large shaft and the tubular seat, comparing and analyzing the relative distance with the measurement data before disassembly, and calculating the adjustment direction and the adjustment value of the inner guide ring again;

5) repeating the operation process until the adjustment measurement data is consistent with the measurement data before disassembly;

6) fastening the whole circle of bolts of the inner guide ring and the tubular seat, and retesting the distance between the large shaft and the tubular seat, the large shaft level and the large shaft inclination;

7) after the measurement and adjustment are qualified, drilling pin holes of the inner guide ring and the tubular seat, and assembling pins;

8) after the rotating wheel and the rotor are completely installed, the distance between the large shaft and the tubular seat, the distance between the large shaft and the inner guide ring are measured again and compared with measured data before the rotating wheel and the rotor are disassembled.

7. The method for measuring the center of the large shaft of the water turbine as claimed in claim 6, wherein: and in the step 2), a jack is used for jacking up the water guide bearing at the downstream of the large shaft.

8. The method for measuring the center of the large shaft of the water turbine as claimed in claim 6, wherein: in the step 2), the position of the inner guide ring is adjusted by using a jack and a chain block.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of hydroelectric power generation, in particular to a method for measuring the center of a large shaft of a water turbine.

Background

In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the unit in the installation or overhaul operation process, the large shaft center of the water turbine generator set is firstly determined when the bulb tubular turbine generator set is installed and overhauled, and then the equipment such as a generator, a water turbine, a runner chamber and the like can be installed or adjusted, so that the vibration and the swing of the unit after installation or overhauled are ensured to meet the requirements of relevant regulations, and serious equipment accidents such as uneven bearing stress, overlarge unit vibration swing and even stator or runner sweeping and boring and the like caused by improper adjustment of the large shaft center are prevented.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for measuring the center of the large shaft of the water turbine, which has simple detection and can quickly determine the center of the large shaft, aiming at the defects in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a method for measuring the center of a large shaft of a water turbine is characterized by comprising the following steps: determining the positions of a tubular seat and a large shaft, and the positions of an inner guide ring and the large shaft before the unit is disassembled, before and after a rotating wheel is disassembled, and before and after a rotor is disassembled, and measuring original data of the distances between the large shaft and the tubular seat, the inner guide ring and the extension section of the inner guide ring by using an inner diameter micrometer in the positions of + X, -X, + Y and-Y of the three positions of the tubular seat, the inner guide ring and the extension section of the inner guide ring; and step two, in the large shaft re-installation process of the unit, re-measuring according to the direction in the step one, and comparing according to measured data to determine the direction and the amplitude of adjustment.

Further, the first step comprises the following steps: 1) selecting measuring points at the upstream and downstream parts of the tubular seat, the inner guide ring and the inner guide ring extension section, marking the selected measuring points, and respectively measuring and recording the relative distances between the large shaft and the tubular seat, the inner guide ring and the inner guide ring extension section and the levelness of the large shaft before the rotating wheel and the rotor of the unit are dismantled; 2) after the rotating wheel and the rotor are disassembled, respectively measuring and recording the relative distances between the large shaft and the tubular seat, the inner guide ring and the extension section of the inner guide ring; 3) measuring the levelness of the large shaft at the upstream side of the water guide bearing and the downstream side of the combined bearing, recording, and marking the measuring points on the large shaft; 4) and measuring and recording the inclination of the flange surface of the water turbine on the downstream side of the large shaft, and performing marking processing.

Further, in step 1), step 3) and step 4), the marking method is to punch a hole for marking.

Further, in step 3), the frame level is used to measure the levelness of the large shaft at the upstream side of the water guide bearing and at the downstream side of the combined bearing.

Further, in step 4), the inclination of the flange face of the large shaft is measured with a piano wire.

Further, the second step comprises the following steps: 1) before the rotating wheel and the rotor are installed, the bearing and the water guide bearing are lifted into a foundation pit to be in place along with the large shaft, then the relative distances between the large shaft and the tubular seat, the inner guide ring and the extension section of the inner guide ring are measured, the relative distances are compared with the original data in the step one, and the adjustment direction and the adjustment value of the inner guide ring are calculated; 2) jacking up the water guide bearing at the downstream of the large shaft to separate the water guide bearing from the inner guide ring, wherein the inner guide ring does not bear pressure, and adjusting the position of the inner guide ring according to the data calculated by analysis; 3) pre-tightening the inner guide ring and part of connecting bolts of the tubular seat, putting down the jacked large shaft, and dropping the large shaft water guide bearing support on the inner guide ring to enable the inner guide ring to bear the weight of the large shaft; 4) measuring the relative distance between the large shaft and the tubular seat, the inner guide ring and the extension section of the inner guide ring, comparing and analyzing the relative distance with the measurement data before disassembly, and calculating the adjustment direction and the adjustment value of the inner guide ring again; 5) repeating the operation process until the adjustment measurement data is consistent with the measurement data before disassembly; 6) fastening the whole circle of bolts of the inner guide ring and the tubular seat, and retesting the distance between the large shaft and the tubular seat, the large shaft level and the large shaft inclination; 7) after the measurement and adjustment are qualified, drilling pin holes of the inner guide ring and the tubular seat, and assembling pins; 8) after the rotating wheel and the rotor are completely installed, the distance between the large shaft and the tubular seat is measured again at last and compared with the measured data before the rotating wheel and the rotor are disassembled.

Further, in the step 2), a jack is used for jacking up the water guide bearing at the downstream of the large shaft.

Furthermore, in the step 2), the position of the inner guide ring is adjusted by using a jack and a chain block.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

the invention adopts the tubular seat and the large shaft position, the inner guide ring and the large shaft position determined before the machine set is dismantled, the rotating wheel is dismantled and the rotor is dismantled and the distance between the large shaft and the tubular seat, the inner guide ring and the inner guide ring extension section is measured in X, Y four positions of the tubular seat, the inner guide ring and the inner guide ring extension section.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the related art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for measuring the center of a large shaft of a water turbine.

Reference numbers in the figures: 1. a large shaft; 2. a tubular seat; 3. an inner guide ring; 4. an inner guide ring extension section; 5. a water guide bearing; 6. a water guide bearing support; 7. a combination bearing.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, there will now be described in detail, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a non-limiting detailed description of the present invention.

As shown in figure 1, the method for measuring the center of the large shaft of the invention adopts the steps of determining the positions of the tubular seat 2 and the large shaft 1 and the positions of the inner guide ring 3 and the large shaft 1 before the machine set is disassembled, the rotating wheel is disassembled and the rotor is disassembled, and measuring the original data of the distances between the large shaft 1 and the tubular seat 2, the inner guide ring 3 and the inner guide ring extension section 4 in the four positions of + X, -X, + Y and-Y at the three positions of the tubular seat 2, the inner guide ring 3 and the inner guide ring extension section 4. In the unit main shaft 1 reloading process, the measurement is carried out again according to the position before the unit is overhauled, the adjusted position and amplitude are determined by comparing the measured data, and the efficiency and the accuracy of the measurement and adjustment of the equipment can be greatly improved.

Firstly, measuring before the unit is dismantled.

1) Selecting measuring points at the upstream and downstream of the tubular seat 2, the inner guide ring and the extension section of the inner guide ring, polishing, sampling and punching the selected measuring points, then measuring the relative distances between the large shaft 1 and the tubular seat 2 in four directions of + X, -X, + Y and-Y (J1 and J1 ' are measured values in the directions of + Y and-Y in FIG. 1), the relative distances between the large shaft 1 and the inner conduit 3 in four directions of + X, -X, + Y and-Y (J2 and J2 ' are measured values in the directions of + Y and-Y in FIG. 1), the relative distances between the large shaft 1 and the extension section 4 of the inner guide ring in four directions of + X, -X, + Y and-Y (J3 and J3 ' are measured values in the directions of + Y and-Y in FIG. 1) and the levelness of the large shaft 1 by using an inner micrometer which is qualified before the runner and the rotor of the machine set are removed, data records were made as per table 1.

TABLE 1 Large axle center measuring, adjusting and recording table

2) After the rotating wheel and the rotor are removed, the measuring point is cleaned by alcohol, and then the relative distance between the large shaft 1 and the pipe-shaped seat 2, the inner guide ring 3 and the inner guide ring extension section 4 is measured again and recorded.

3) The level of the large shaft 1 is measured by a frame level meter at the upstream side of the water guide bearing 5 and the downstream side of the combined bearing 7, and the level is recorded and punched at the measuring point on the large shaft 1.

4) On the flange face of the water turbine on the downstream side of the major axis 1, the inclination J4 in the + Y direction and the inclination J4' in the-Y direction of the flange face of the major axis were measured with piano lines, the data were recorded into the above table, and the measurement points were subjected to marking processing.

Second, repacking measurement adjustment

1) Before the runner and the rotor are installed, the bearing and the water guide bearing 5 are lifted into a foundation pit along with the large shaft 1 to be in place, then a measuring point is cleaned by alcohol, the relative distance between the large shaft 1 and the tubular seat 2, the relative distance between the inner guide ring 3 and the relative distance between the inner guide ring extension section 4 and the tubular seat 2 are measured, the relative distance and the relative distance are compared with the original data in the step one to be analyzed, and the adjusting direction and the adjusting value of the inner guide ring 3 are calculated. The specific operation method comprises the following steps: comparing the data before disassembly with the data after disassembly, and if the data after disassembly is larger, adjusting in the opposite direction; if the + Y direction is enlarged and the-Y direction is reduced, the inner guide ring sinks, and the inner guide ring is jacked up to the + Y direction through the hydraulic jack to be adjusted, so that the data in the + Y direction is reduced and approaches to the data before repair.

2) And lifting the water guide bearing 5 at the downstream of the main shaft 1 by using a jack, so that the water guide bearing 5 is separated from the inner guide ring 3, the inner guide ring 3 does not bear pressure, and adjusting the position of the inner guide ring 3 by using the jack and the chain block according to the data calculated by analysis.

3) After adjustment, the inner guide ring 3 and part of connecting bolts of the tubular seat 2 are pre-tightened, a jack for jacking the large shaft is put down, and the large shaft falls on the inner guide ring 3 through the water guide shoe and the water guide bearing support 6, so that the inner guide ring 3 bears the weight of the large shaft.

4) Re-measuring the relative distance between the large shaft 1 and the tubular seat 2, comparing and analyzing the relative distance with the measurement data before disassembly, and calculating the adjustment direction and the adjustment value of the inner guide ring 3 again according to the specific operation method in 1).

5) And repeating the operation flows 1) to 4) until the adjustment measurement data is consistent with the measurement data before disassembly.

6) And fastening the whole circle of bolts of the inner guide ring 3 and the tubular seat 1, and retesting the distance between the large shaft 1 and the tubular seat 2, the large shaft level and the large shaft inclination.

7) And after the measurement and adjustment are qualified, drilling pin holes of the inner guide ring 3 and the tubular seat 1, and assembling pins.

8) After the rotating wheel and the rotor are completely installed, the distances between the large shaft 1 and the tubular seat 2, the inner guide ring 3 and the inner guide ring extension section 4 are measured again and compared with the measured data before the rotating wheel and the rotor are disassembled.

The measuring method is simple, a scaffold does not need to be built, measuring points are found at the tubular seat, polishing is carried out, and the sample punching and marking are carried out; the measured data is visual and obvious, the position of the inner guide ring is simply and easily adjusted, and the overhaul period is greatly saved.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concepts and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.