阅读说明：本技术 一种中央空调的控制方法 (Control method of central air conditioner ) 是由 刘京华 李晓辉 赵玉华 丁晓丽 张文宁 杨晓玲 于 2021-09-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于中央空调控制应用技术领域,尤其涉及一种中央空调的控制方法。本发明通过以体感零度温度为判断标准,结合相对湿度来进行温度的判定,有效的避免因相对湿度过高,导致的室内体感温度过高的问题,为提供舒适的室内环境提供了保障,同时,本发明操作方便、适合大规模推广使用。(The invention belongs to the technical field of central air conditioner control application, and particularly relates to a control method of a central air conditioner. The temperature is judged by taking the somatosensory zero-temperature as a judgment standard and combining the relative humidity, so that the problem of overhigh indoor somatosensory temperature caused by overhigh relative humidity is effectively solved, a comfortable indoor environment is provided, and the method is convenient to operate and suitable for large-scale popularization and use.)

1. A control method of a central air conditioner is characterized by comprising a refrigerator, a dehumidifier and a blower, wherein the blower blows air according to a fixed air speed of 2m/s, and the control of the refrigerator, the dehumidifier and the blower comprises the following effective steps:

a. firstly, determining indoor and outdoor environmental conditions, wherein the environmental conditions refer to outdoor temperature, indoor temperature, outdoor relative humidity and indoor relative humidity;

b. judging whether the indoor temperature is above the somatosensory zero temperature or not;

c. if the indoor temperature is below the somatosensory zero temperature, the refrigerator, the dehumidifier and the blower are not operated, and if the indoor temperature is above the somatosensory zero temperature, the optimal solution of the energy consumption model is calculated;

d. then setting a target temperature and a target humidity;

e. then controlling the operation of a refrigerator, a dehumidifier or a blower according to the set target temperature and the target humidity;

in the step c, the energy consumption model comprises an energy consumption model 1 and an energy consumption model 2, wherein the energy consumption model 1 is as follows:

MINY_i＝η[a(T₀-T)+b(RH₀-RH)]+c (1)

in the formula: y is_iFor the running cost of indoor i, eta is the unit energy efficiency equivalent coefficient which is in accordance with the condition that the unit cold water working condition is 12 ℃/7 ℃, and the air conditioning unit energy efficiency is EER₀And if the system current working condition equivalent coefficient eta is equal to the unit under the constant working condition:

the EER of the air conditioning unit is the ratio of the generated unit cold quantity to the energy consumption, a is the refrigeration reference cost of the operation cost required to be consumed when the indoor temperature is reduced once, b is the dehumidification reference cost, c is the fan operation cost, T₀Is the outdoor temperature, T is the indoor temperature, RH₀Outdoor relative humidity, RH is indoor relative humidity, and the constraint conditions are as follows:

24≤T≤27.5 (2)

45≤RH≤100 (3)

wherein RH is indoor relative humidity, the (1) - (4) form a linear programming model, and an optimal solution is solved to obtain the lowest solution of the energy consumption model 1;

the energy consumption model 2 is:

MINY_i＝aη(T₀-T)+c ①

in the formula: y is_iFor the running cost of indoor i, eta is the unit energy efficiency equivalent coefficient which is in accordance with the condition that the unit cold water working condition is 12 ℃/7 ℃, and the air conditioning unit energy efficiency is EER₀And if the system current working condition equivalent coefficient eta is equal to the unit under the constant working condition:

the EER of the air conditioning unit is the ratio of the generated unit cold quantity to the energy consumption, a is the refrigeration reference cost of the operation cost required to be consumed when the indoor temperature is reduced once, c is the fan operation cost, and T is the energy consumption₀Is the outdoor temperature, T is the indoor temperature, and the constraint conditions are as follows:

24≤T≤29 ②

0≤RH≤45 ③

and (3) forming a linear programming model by using RH as the indoor relative humidity, and solving an optimal solution to obtain the solution with the lowest energy consumption model 2.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step c, the indoor temperature T should be in accordance with T ═ T in the energy consumption models 1 and 2_α+T_β，T_αRelative ambient temperature, T_βTo bias the temperature, the bias temperature should be the measured T_βThe determination is as follows:

wherein T is_γThe air conditioner temperature controller detects the indoor actual temperature, a₁，a₂，a₃，a₄，a₅To offset the coefficient, the temperature T is deviated_βThe measurement mode is as follows: the air conditioner is started under the condition that no person exists in a room, the difference value between the actual temperature of the temperature controller and the temperature of the temperature collector is the temperature deviation when the temperature controller reaches the temperature and stops working, the temperature of 24-28 ℃ is measured to carry out five-point calibration, the corresponding set temperatures are different, and the corresponding deviation coefficients are compensated, so that the method comprises the following steps:

331776a₁+13824a₂+576a₃+24a₄+a₅＝T_β1

390625a₁+15625a₂+625a₃+25a₄+a₅＝T_β2

456976a₁+17576a₂+676a₃+26a₄+a₅＝T_β3

531441a₁+19683a₂+729a₃+27a₄+a₅＝T_β4

614656a₁+21952a₂+784a₃+28a₄+a₅＝T_β5

according to the measured actual value, the corresponding determinant is solved to obtain a₁，a₂，a₃，a₄，a₅And determining a curve. Let T_γ＝T_βThen the formula can be simplified to

3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step e, if the relative humidity is higher than 45%, the air temperature is less than or equal to 24 ℃, and the refrigerator, the dehumidifier and the blower are not turned on; if the relative humidity is higher than 45%, the air temperature is higher than 24 ℃ and lower than 27.5 ℃, the refrigerating machine, the dehumidifier and the air feeder are all started, the operation condition accords with the energy consumption model 1, and if the relative humidity is higher than 45%, the air temperature is more than or equal to 27.5 ℃, and the refrigerating machine must be started.

4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step e, if the relative humidity is lower than 45%, the air temperature is less than or equal to 24 ℃, and the refrigerator, the dehumidifier and the blower are not turned on; if the relative humidity is lower than 45%, the air temperature is more than 24 ℃ and less than 27.5 ℃, the refrigerator is started, the operation condition accords with the energy consumption model 2, and if the relative humidity is lower than 45%, the air temperature is more than or equal to 27.5 ℃, and the refrigerator must be started.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of central air conditioner control application, and particularly relates to a control method of a central air conditioner.

Background

The central air conditioning system is composed of one or more cold and heat source systems and a plurality of air conditioning systems, and the system is different from the traditional refrigerant type air conditioner, and the air is intensively treated (such as a single machine, VRV) to achieve the comfort requirement. The principle of liquid gasification refrigeration is adopted to provide the required cold energy for the air conditioning system so as to offset the heat load of the indoor environment; the heating system provides the air conditioning system with the required heat to offset the indoor environment cooling and heating load.

With the gradual improvement of the living standard of people, the comfort of life is the direction that people mainly pursue at present, therefore, the use of the central air conditioner is also increased constantly, and the use of the central air conditioner can be seen from the initial office place to the current family residence.

However, in the use of the air conditioner, when the air temperature in the refrigeration place meets the set requirement due to the moisture content of the human body and the temperature of the relative humidity in the room, the more the number of people, the higher the relative humidity, and the higher the sensible temperature, so that people can feel a hot feeling in the air conditioning environment.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problems existing in the use of the central air conditioner, the invention provides the control method of the central air conditioner, which has the advantages of reasonable design, simple structure and convenient processing and can effectively realize the achievement of the preset temperature.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for controlling a central air conditioner, including a refrigerator, a dehumidifier and a blower, wherein the blower blows air at a fixed air speed of 2m/s, and the method for controlling the refrigerator, the dehumidifier and the blower includes the following effective steps:

a. firstly, determining indoor and outdoor environmental conditions, wherein the environmental conditions refer to outdoor temperature, indoor temperature, outdoor relative humidity and indoor relative humidity;

b. judging whether the indoor temperature is above the somatosensory zero temperature or not;

c. if the indoor temperature is below the somatosensory zero temperature, the refrigerator, the dehumidifier and the blower are not operated, and if the indoor temperature is above the somatosensory zero temperature, the optimal solution of the energy consumption model is calculated;

d. then setting a target temperature and a target humidity;

e. then controlling the operation of a refrigerator, a dehumidifier or a blower according to the set target temperature and the target humidity;

in the step c, the energy consumption model comprises an energy consumption model 1 and an energy consumption model 2, wherein the energy consumption model 1 is as follows:

MINY_i＝η[a(T₀-T)+b(RH₀-RH)]+c (1)

in the formula: y is_iFor the running cost of indoor i, eta is the unit energy efficiency equivalent coefficient which is in accordance with the condition that the unit cold water working condition is 12 ℃/7 ℃, and the air conditioning unit energy efficiency is EER₀And if the system current working condition equivalent coefficient eta is equal to the unit under the constant working condition:

the EER of the air conditioning unit is the ratio of the generated unit cold quantity to the energy consumption.

a is a refrigeration reference cost of operating cost required to be consumed every time the indoor temperature is lowered once, b is a dehumidification reference cost, c is a fan operating cost, and T is₀Is the outdoor temperature, T is the indoor temperature, RH₀Outdoor relative humidity, RH is indoor relative humidity, and the constraint conditions are as follows:

24≤T≤27.5 (2)

45≤RH≤l00 (3)

wherein RH is indoor relative humidity, the above (1) - (4) form a linear programming model, an optimal solution is solved,

obtaining the lowest solution of the energy consumption model 1;

the energy consumption model 2 is:

MINY_i＝aη(T₀-T)+c ①

in the formula: y is_iFor the running cost of indoor i, eta is the unit energy efficiency equivalent coefficient which is in accordance with the condition that the unit cold water working condition is 12 ℃/7 ℃, and the air conditioning unit energy efficiency is EER₀And if the system current working condition equivalent coefficient eta is equal to the unit under the constant working condition:

the EER of the air conditioning unit is the ratio of the generated unit cold quantity to the energy consumption.

a is a refrigeration reference cost of operating cost required to be consumed every time the indoor temperature is reduced once, c is a fan operating cost, T₀Is the outdoor temperature, T is the indoor temperature, and the constraint conditions are as follows:

24≤T≤29 ②

0≤RH≤45 ③

and (3) forming a linear programming model by using RH as the indoor relative humidity, and solving an optimal solution to obtain the solution with the lowest energy consumption model 2.

In models 1, 2, where the room temperature T should be such that T ═ T_α+T_β。T_αRelative ambient temperature, T_βIs the offset temperature. The deviation temperature should be measured T_βThe determination is as follows:

wherein T is_γAir conditioner temperature controller detection indoorThe ambient temperature. a is₁，a₂，a₃，a₄，a₅To offset the coefficient, the temperature T is deviated_βThe measurement mode is as follows: and starting the air conditioner under the condition that no person exists in the room, wherein the difference value between the actual temperature of the temperature controller and the temperature of the temperature collector when the temperature controller is stopped when reaching the temperature is the temperature deviation, measuring the temperature of 24-28 ℃ for five-point calibration, correspondingly setting different temperatures, and compensating corresponding deviation coefficients. Then there are:

331776a₁+13824a₂+576a₃+24a₄+a₅＝T_β1

390625a₁+15625a₂+625a₃+25a₄+a₅＝T_β2

456976a₁+17576a₂+676a₃+26a₄+a₅＝T_β3

531441a₁+19683a₂+729a₃+27a₄+a₅＝T_β4

614656a₁+21952a₂+784a₃+28a₄+a₅＝T_β5

according to the measured actual value, the corresponding determinant is solved to obtain a₁，a₂，a₃，a₄，a₅And determining a curve.

Let T_γ＝T_βThen the formula can be simplified to

Preferably, in the step e, if the relative humidity is higher than 45%, the air temperature is less than or equal to 24 ℃, and the refrigerator, the dehumidifier and the blower are not started; if the relative humidity is higher than 45%, the temperature is higher than 24 ℃ and lower than 27.5 ℃, the refrigerator, the dehumidifier and the blower are all started, the operation condition accords with the energy consumption model 1, and if the relative humidity is higher than 45%, the temperature is higher than or equal to 27.5 ℃, and the refrigerator must be started.

Preferably, in the step e, if the relative humidity is lower than 45%, the air temperature is less than or equal to 24 ℃, and the refrigerator, the dehumidifier and the blower are not started; if the relative humidity is lower than 45%, the temperature is higher than 24 ℃ and lower than 27.5 ℃, the refrigerator is started, the operation condition accords with the energy consumption model 2, and if the relative humidity is lower than 45%, the temperature is higher than or equal to 27.5 ℃, and the refrigerator must be started.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that,

1. the invention provides a control method of a central air conditioner, which is characterized in that the temperature is judged by taking the somatosensory zero-temperature as a judgment standard and combining with relative humidity, so that the problem of overhigh indoor somatosensory temperature caused by overhigh relative humidity is effectively avoided, a comfortable indoor environment is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the control method is convenient to operate and suitable for large-scale popularization and use.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and thus the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments of the present disclosure.

Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a method for controlling a central air conditioner, and aims to better implement control of the central air conditioner, so as to achieve a comfortable environment for human body.

The human Comfort Index (Comfort Index of human Body) is a common method for representing human Comfort in daily life, and mainly depends on 3 indexes of air temperature, humidity and wind speed. The temperature is the main index for judging the climate comfort, and the humidity and the wind speed are auxiliary indexes. People move in atmospheric environment and are subjected to the comprehensive action of meteorological elements, and people usually show cold and hot environment by the temperature, so that people feel uncomfortable. A corresponding stress response will result. Energy exchange is carried out between human beings and the atmospheric environment all the time, and the human body keeps the body temperature constant through the body temperature regulation center of the human body. The human body comfort is a biological meteorological index for evaluating the comfort of human beings under different weather conditions from the meteorological viewpoint on the basis of the heat exchange principle between the human body and the near-earth atmosphere. It has an important position in urban environmental weather service.

Therefore, the control method of the central air conditioner provided by the embodiment is based on the refrigerator, the dehumidifier and the blower, and the comfortable wind speed of the human body is about 2 m/s. If the human body feels sultry in a windless state, the phenomenon of opening doors and windows can be caused in an air-conditioned room, so that the indoor wind speed needs to be ensured to be 2 m/s.

Generally, when the temperature in the air-conditioned room is 28 ℃, the temperature is zero for human body feeling.

When the air temperature of the refrigerating place meets the set requirement, the more the number of people is, the larger the relative humidity is, and the higher the sensible temperature is. Taking Zibo zilu medical college as an example, an air source heat pump is adopted as a cold and heat source, and a fan coil is adopted indoors as a cold supply terminal.

In practice, when the indoor temperature reaches the set temperature, most of the users have poor reaction effect.

Deducing the body temperature according to the theory as follows:

when the actual temperature is 26 ℃, the wind speed is neglected, and the actual calculated sensible temperature is as follows:

relative humidity

50％

60％

70％

80％

90％

100％

Body temperature

28.5℃

29.1℃

29.8℃

30.5℃

31.1℃

31.8℃

The sensible temperature is higher than 28 ℃.

For human body, the sensible temperature deviation is about 1 degree, and under the condition of the same relative humidity, the sensible temperature deviation is about 1.3-1.6 degrees. Therefore, the accuracy of temperature measurement is a key factor for ensuring the accuracy of the human body induction model.

When air is not circulated, the sensible temperature of a person rises. Air flow is relatively inexpensive compared to refrigeration energy consumption. Proper air circulation helps to reduce the sensible temperature of the person.

For the indoor temperature T, the influencing factors are mainly:

relative ambient temperature T_α. The relative ambient temperature referred to herein is a target temperature that can be reached in the room after the air conditioner is turned on. At the beginning of the design, when the temperature of the cold water can reach the set value, the cooling value can be basically ensured. So the relative ambient temperature is directly taken as the set temperature of the air conditioner.

Deviation temperature T_β. The deviation temperature is generated due to the installation position of the air conditioner thermostat. When the temperature controller is close to the air outlet of the air conditioner, the temperature detected by the temperature controller detection element is lower than the indoor temperature, and the indoor temperature is higher than the actual detection temperature. When the temperature controller is installed on the hot wall irradiated by sunlight, the temperature controller is detectedThe temperature measured by the measuring element is higher than the actual indoor temperature, and the indoor temperature is lower than the actually detected temperature. The offset temperature is measured in the following manner: and starting the air conditioner under the condition that no person exists in the room, wherein the difference value between the actual temperature of the temperature controller and the temperature of the temperature collector when the temperature controller is stopped when reaching the temperature is the temperature deviation, measuring the temperature of 24-28 ℃ for five-point calibration, correspondingly setting different temperatures, and compensating corresponding deviation coefficients. After the model is built, the temperature collector can be detached to other rooms for measurement. The deviation coefficients in all rooms are different, and each room needs to be modeled separately.

Then the indoor temperature T ═ T_α+T_β。T_αRelative ambient temperature, T_βIs the offset temperature. The deviation temperature should be measured T_βThe determination is as follows:

wherein T is_γThe air conditioner temperature controller detects the actual indoor temperature. a is₁，a₂，a₃，a₄，a₅To offset the coefficient, the temperature T is deviated_βThe measurement mode is as follows: and starting the air conditioner under the condition that no person exists in the room, wherein the difference value between the actual temperature of the temperature controller and the temperature of the temperature collector when the temperature controller is stopped when reaching the temperature is the temperature deviation, measuring the temperature of 24-28 ℃ for five-point calibration, correspondingly setting different temperatures, and compensating corresponding deviation coefficients. Then there are:

331776a₁+13824a₂+576a₃+24a₄+a₅＝T_β1

390625a₁+15625a₂+625a₃+25a₄+a₅＝T_β2

456976a₁+17576a₂+676a₃+26a₄+a₅＝T_β3

531441a₁+19683a₂+729a₃+27a₄+a₅＝T_β4

614656a₁+21952a₂+784a₃+28a₄+a₅＝T_β5

according to the measured actual value, the corresponding determinant is solved to obtain a₁，a₂，a₃，a₄，a₅And determining a curve. Let T_γ＝T_βThen the formula can be simplified to

Based on the above problems, the control method of the central air conditioner is provided.

Considering that the wind speed of the fan is already limited, indoor and outdoor environmental conditions are first determined, wherein the environmental conditions refer to outdoor temperature, indoor temperature, outdoor relative humidity and indoor relative humidity.

Then, whether the indoor temperature is above the somatosensory zero temperature or not is judged, if the indoor temperature is below the somatosensory zero temperature, the refrigerator, the dehumidifier and the blower are not operated, if the indoor temperature is above the somatosensory zero temperature, the optimal solution of the energy consumption model is calculated, the purpose of calculating the optimal solution of the energy consumption model is to reduce the operation cost to the lowest, therefore, according to the equipment on the market at present, the lower limit of relative humidity control is 45%, the lower limit of temperature control is 18 ℃, the temperature and humidity rise are increasing functions, the wind speed is a fixed value of 2m/s, and according to an extreme false method, the highest relative humidity is deduced to be below 100%, and the temperature is 24 ℃. When the relative humidity is 10%, the temperature is 29 ℃, and for refrigeration, the temperature is below 24 ℃, and refrigeration is not needed in any case in the room. Above 29 c, cooling is required in any situation in the room. When the dehumidifier is running, the indoor ambient temperature cannot be higher than 27.5 ℃.

The set energy consumption model comprises an energy consumption model 1 and an energy consumption model 2, wherein the energy consumption model 1 is as follows:

MINY_i＝η[a(T₀-T)+b(RH₀-RH)]+c (1)

in the formula: y is_iFor the operation cost of indoor i, eta is the unit energy efficiency equivalent coefficient which is in accordance with the unit coldWhen the water working condition is 12 ℃/7 ℃, the energy efficiency of the air conditioning unit is EER₀And if the system current working condition equivalent coefficient eta is equal to the unit under the constant working condition:

the EER of the air conditioning unit is the ratio of the generated unit cold quantity to the energy consumption.

a is a refrigeration reference cost of operating cost required to be consumed every time the indoor temperature is lowered once, b is a dehumidification reference cost, c is a fan operating cost, and T is₀Is the outdoor temperature, T is the indoor temperature, RH₀Outdoor relative humidity, RH is indoor relative humidity, and the constraint conditions are as follows:

24≤T≤27.5 (2)

45≤RH≤l00 (3)

wherein RH is indoor relative humidity, the (1) - (4) form a linear programming model, and an optimal solution is solved to obtain the lowest solution of the energy consumption model 1;

the energy consumption model 2 is:

MINY_i＝aη(T₀-T)+c ①

in the formula: y is_iFor the running cost of indoor i, eta is the equivalent coefficient of the unit energy efficiency, which is in accordance with the condition that the unit energy efficiency is EER when the unit cold water working condition is 12 ℃/7 DEG C₀And if the system current working condition equivalent coefficient eta is equal to the unit under the constant working condition:

the unit EER is the ratio of the generated unit cold quantity to the energy consumption.

a is a refrigeration reference cost of operating cost required to be consumed every time the indoor temperature is reduced once, c is a fan operating cost, T₀Is the outdoor temperature, T isIndoor temperature, the constraint condition is:

24≤T≤29 ②

0≤RH≤45 ③

and (3) forming a linear programming model by using RH as the indoor relative humidity, and solving an optimal solution to obtain the solution with the lowest energy consumption model 2.

Then setting a target temperature and a target humidity;

and finally, controlling the operation of a refrigerator, a dehumidifier or a blower according to the set target temperature and the set target humidity, wherein the control principle is based on: if the relative humidity is higher than 45%, the air temperature is less than or equal to 24 ℃, and the refrigerator, the dehumidifier and the blower are not started; if the relative humidity is higher than 45%, the temperature is higher than 24 ℃ and lower than 27.5 ℃, the refrigerator, the dehumidifier and the blower are all started, the operation condition accords with the energy consumption model 1, and if the relative humidity is higher than 45%, the temperature is higher than or equal to 27.5 ℃, and the refrigerator must be started.

If the relative humidity is lower than 45%, the air temperature is less than or equal to 24 ℃, and the refrigerator, the dehumidifier and the blower are not started; if the relative humidity is lower than 45%, the temperature is higher than 24 ℃ and lower than 27.5 ℃, the refrigerator is started, the operation condition accords with the energy consumption model 2, and if the relative humidity is lower than 45%, the temperature is higher than or equal to 27.5 ℃, and the refrigerator must be started.

Through the establishment and the solution of the model, the operation cost is the lowest under the condition that the comfort level of each room is guaranteed. The final running cost Y is:

where Z is the transport loss cost.

Through foretell setting, through control humidity, make final human body feel temperature and set temperature value difference less to ensure human comfort level.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art may apply the above modifications or changes to the equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, and any simple modification, equivalent change and change made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical spirit of the present invention.