阅读说明：本技术 一种新型吸收器及其吸收式制冷系统 (Novel absorber and absorption type refrigerating system thereof ) 是由 蒋英明 祝令辉 王德升 于 2021-09-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种新型吸收器及其吸收式制冷系统,属于吸收式制冷技术领域,包括管箱和壳体,所述壳体内设有U型管束,所述壳体内设有上下两层喷淋装置,第一层喷淋装置固定在壳体顶端,且第一层喷淋装置设置在上层管束的上方,第二喷淋装置设置在侧U型管束的U型槽内,所述壳体两侧设有两组主进气管,且每组主进气管上与壳体之间设有线性排列的分气管,所述管箱上设有与管束相连接的循环水进出口,利用所述管箱上的循环水出口的循环水与进入壳体的贫液进行热量交换以将贫液进行预冷。本发明相比较现有技术的吸收器结构,本发明采用双层喷淋+多处进气方式,使得吸收器吸收效率提高约为95％。(The invention relates to a novel absorber and an absorption refrigeration system thereof, belonging to the technical field of absorption refrigeration, and comprising a tube box and a shell, wherein a U-shaped tube bundle is arranged in the shell, an upper layer and a lower layer of spraying devices are arranged in the shell, a first layer of spraying device is fixed at the top end of the shell, the first layer of spraying device is arranged above the upper layer of tube bundle, a second spraying device is arranged in a U-shaped groove of a side U-shaped tube bundle, two groups of main air inlet pipes are arranged at two sides of the shell, a linearly arranged air distribution pipe is arranged between each group of main air inlet pipes and the shell, a circulating water inlet and a circulating water outlet connected with the tube bundle are arranged on the tube box, and circulating water at the circulating water outlet on the tube box is utilized to exchange heat with lean solution entering the shell so as to pre-cool the lean solution. Compared with the absorber structure in the prior art, the invention adopts a double-layer spraying and multi-position air inlet mode, so that the absorption efficiency of the absorber is improved by about 95 percent.)

1. The utility model provides a novel absorber, a serial communication port, includes pipe case and casing, be equipped with U type tube bank in the casing, two-layer spray set about being equipped with in the casing, first layer spray set fixes on the casing top, and first layer spray set sets up in the top of upper tube bank, and the second spray set sets up the U type inslot at side U type tube bank, the casing both sides are equipped with two sets of main intake pipes, and every main intake pipe of group go up and be equipped with linear arrangement's gas distribution pipe between the casing, the first circulating water that is equipped with to be connected with the tube bank on the pipe case is imported and exported, utilizes the circulating water of the first circulating water export on the pipe case carries out the heat exchange with the barren liquor that gets into the casing in order to carry out the precooling with the barren liquor.

2. The novel absorber according to claim 1, wherein the shell is internally provided with baffle plates which are linearly arranged and used for fixing the tube bundle, the second spraying device is fixed on the baffle plates, and each gas distributing pipe is uniformly distributed in the middle of each adjacent baffle plate at the lower side in the shell.

3. The novel absorber of claim 1, wherein the tube box is bolted to the shell with double tube plates, and comprises an inner tube plate and an outer tube plate for fixing the open end of the U-shaped tube bundle, and the tube box is provided with a first vent and a first purge port.

4. The novel absorber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper and lower layers of spraying devices are provided with spraying liquid ports, the spraying liquid ports are filled with lean liquid, the spraying liquid port of the first layer of spraying device is arranged at the top end of the shell, and the spraying liquid port of the second layer is arranged in the pipe box.

5. The novel absorber as claimed in claim 1, wherein two sets of liquid collecting bags are arranged at the lower end of the shell, finned coils are arranged in the liquid collecting bags, a barren liquor inlet, a shell circulating liquid outlet, a second circulating water inlet and outlet, a temperature measuring port and a lower liquid level meter port are arranged on the first set of liquid collecting bags, the second circulating water inlet and outlet are communicated with the finned coils on the first set of liquid collecting bags, and circulating water circulates on the finned coils for precooling barren liquor entering from the barren liquor inlet.

6. The novel absorber as claimed in claim 5, wherein the second group of liquid collecting bags are provided with a rich liquid outlet and a heat source inlet and outlet, the heat source inlet and outlet are communicated with the finned coil on the second group of liquid collecting bags, and the heat source circulates on the finned coil to preheat the rich liquid at the rich liquid outlet.

7. The novel absorber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top of the inner wall of the casing is provided with an upper liquid level meter port, and the casing is further provided with a pressure measuring port, a temperature measuring port, a safety valve port, a replacement port, a second vent port and a second drain port.

8. An absorption refrigeration system comprising an evaporator, a condenser, a generator, a solution pump, and further comprising the novel absorber of any of claims 1-7.

9. An absorption refrigeration system according to claim 8 wherein the generator utilizes waste heat medium as a heat source and the novel absorber utilizes waste heat medium from the generator heat source outlet as a heat source for preheating the novel absorber exhaust rich liquid.

10. An absorption refrigeration system according to claim 8 wherein the rich solution in the generator is heated to produce a lean liquid and a gaseous refrigerant, the gaseous refrigerant enters the condenser to be condensed into a liquid state and then passes through the GVX heat exchanger to reach the evaporator to be evaporated into a secondary refrigerant for cooling, the gaseous refrigerant in the evaporator enters the novel absorber through the GVX heat exchanger, and is absorbed and combined with the lean solution entering the absorber by the generator to form the rich solution, and the rich solution sequentially passes through the solution pump and the GAX heat exchanger to enter the generator for circulation.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of absorption refrigeration, and particularly relates to a novel absorber and an absorption refrigeration system thereof.

Background

At present, an absorber in an absorption refrigeration unit mostly adopts a horizontal falling film absorber, the absorber is similar to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, as shown in fig. 1-2, a tube bundle is arranged in a shell, and circulating water passes through the tube bundle. A layer of spraying device is arranged above the tube bundle, the barren liquor enters the spraying device from the top, is sprayed in an atomized state by the spraying device and is sprayed on the outer wall of the tube bundle to form a film which flows down gradually, and the surfaces of all the tubes are surrounded by liquid films. The gaseous refrigerant enters from the upper part of the shell and contacts with the liquid film outside the pipe wall to be absorbed by the liquid film, and the generated mixed heat can be transmitted to the circulating water through the pipe wall in time. However, the number of rows of tubes of the tube bundle is large, liquid flowing down from the upper row flows into the lower row of tubes, due to the disorder of liquid falling, a liquid film formed on the outer wall of the lower row of tubes is uneven, some outer walls of the tubes even have no liquid film, and a 'dry wall' is formed, and the unevenness of the liquid film is aggravated along with the increase of the number of the rows of the tubes, so that the efficiency of the absorber is seriously influenced, the gaseous refrigerant only enters from the upper part, the mobility of the gaseous refrigerant in the shell is poor, a 'dead zone' exists, the turbulence degree of a gas-liquid contact surface is not enough, the absorption efficiency is influenced, and the absorption efficiency of the absorber is about 60%. In addition, the cleaning and replacement of the spray head in the spray device inside the absorber are considered, the absorber mostly adopts a structure of clamping the tube plate by the double equipment flanges, the tube box is required to be removed during the operation and maintenance of the absorber, and the scale on the inner wall of the tube bundle can be cleaned.

As shown in fig. 3, in order to enhance the absorption efficiency of the absorber, the prior absorption refrigeration system needs to pre-cool the lean liquid in a pre-cooler before the lean liquid enters the absorber, and the cooling medium of the pre-cooler is the circulating water flowing out of the absorber. Most of waste heat from a generator in the existing absorption refrigeration system is discharged to the air or flows back to a user pipe network system, and the utilization rate of the waste heat is not high. Therefore, a new absorber and an absorption refrigeration system thereof are proposed to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a novel absorber and an absorption refrigeration system thereof, which have simple structure and reasonable design.

The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a novel absorber, includes pipe case and casing, be equipped with U type tube bank in the casing, two-layer spray set about being equipped with in the casing, first layer spray set fixes on the casing top, and first layer spray set sets up the top at upper tube bank, and the second spray set sets up the U type inslot at side U type tube bank, the casing both sides are equipped with two sets of main intake pipes, and every main intake pipe of group go up and be equipped with linear arrangement's gas distribution pipe between the casing, the first circulating water that is equipped with on the pipe case and is connected with the tube bank is imported and exported, utilizes the circulating water of the first circulating water export on the pipe case carries out heat exchange with the barren liquor that gets into the casing in order to carry out the precooling with the barren liquor.

As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the shell is internally provided with baffle plates which are linearly arranged and used for fixing the tube bundle, the second spraying device is fixed on the baffle plates, and each gas distributing pipe is uniformly distributed in the middle of each adjacent baffle plate at the lower side in the shell.

As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the tube box is connected with the shell by adopting double-tube-plate bolts, and comprises an inner tube plate and an outer tube plate which are used for fixing the opening end of the U-shaped tube bundle, and the tube box is provided with a first vent and a first exhaust outlet.

As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the upper layer and the lower layer of spraying devices are both provided with spraying liquid ports, lean liquid is introduced into the spraying liquid ports, the spraying liquid ports of the first layer of spraying devices are arranged at the top end of the shell, and the spraying liquid ports of the second layer of spraying devices are arranged in the pipe box.

As a further optimization scheme of the invention, two groups of liquid collecting bags are arranged at the lower end of the shell, fin coil pipes are arranged in the liquid collecting bags, a barren solution inlet, a shell circulating solution outlet, a second circulating water inlet and outlet, a temperature measuring port and a lower liquid level metering port are arranged on the first group of liquid collecting bags, the second circulating water inlet and outlet are communicated with the fin coil pipes on the first group of liquid collecting bags, and circulating water circulates on the fin coil pipes to be used for precooling barren solution entering from the barren solution inlet.

As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the second group of liquid collecting bags are provided with a rich liquid outlet and a heat source inlet and outlet, the heat source inlet and outlet are communicated with the fin coil pipes on the second group of liquid collecting bags, and the heat source circulates on the fin coil pipes to preheat the rich liquid at the rich liquid outlet.

As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the top end of the inner wall of the shell is provided with an upper liquid level meter port, and the shell is also provided with a pressure measuring port, a temperature measuring port, a safety valve port, a replacement port, a second vent port and a second exhaust port.

The invention also provides an absorption refrigeration system, which comprises an evaporator, a condenser, a generator, a solution pump and the novel absorber.

As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the generator utilizes waste heat medium as a heating source, and the novel absorber utilizes the waste heat medium discharged from the heat source outlet of the generator as a heat source for preheating the rich liquid discharged from the novel absorber.

As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the rich solution in the generator is heated to generate a lean solution and a gaseous refrigerant, the gaseous refrigerant enters a condenser to be condensed into a liquid state and then passes through an GVX heat exchanger to reach an evaporator to be evaporated into a secondary refrigerant for cooling, the gaseous refrigerant in the evaporator enters a novel absorber through a GVX heat exchanger, and is absorbed and combined with the lean solution entering the absorber by the generator to form the rich solution, and the rich solution sequentially passes through a solution pump and a GAX heat exchanger and enters the generator for circulation.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. double-layer spraying: the uniform distribution of the liquid film on the outer wall of the tube bundle is realized, the area of the liquid film is enlarged, the contact area of gas and liquid is increased, and the absorption efficiency is improved.

2. A plurality of air inlets: the tube bundle area in the shell is provided with a plurality of air inlets, which aggravates the turbulence degree of the air-liquid contact surface and greatly promotes the contact absorption of air and liquid surface.

3. Compared with the absorber structure (single-layer spraying and upper air intake) in the prior art, the invention adopts a double-layer spraying and multi-position air intake mode, so that the absorption efficiency of the absorber is improved by about 95 percent.

4. Pre-cooling the lean solution by using circulating water and preheating the rich solution by using waste heat: the precooler and the absorber are combined, so that one device can be reduced to reduce the occupied area of a unit; waste heat from the generator is introduced into the absorber for preheating the rich liquid, so that the utilization rate of the waste heat can be improved on one hand, and the heat input of the generator can be reduced on the other hand, so that the performance of the unit can be improved.

5. Double tube sheet structure: under the working condition that the shell side carrier liquid pressure is pressed, the pipe box can be disassembled to clean the scale on the inner wall of the pipe bundle, the working procedure that the shell side needs to drain liquid, empty and replace during operation and maintenance is avoided, and the cost of operation and maintenance is reduced. And meanwhile, the U-shaped tube bundle can be integrally drawn out, so that the later-stage maintenance and replacement of the spray head of the internal spraying device are facilitated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a prior art absorber;

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a prior art absorber;

FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of a prior art absorption refrigeration system;

FIG. 4 is a schematic elevation view of the novel absorber of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the side view configuration of the novel absorber of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of the main inlet duct of the novel absorber of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of an absorption refrigeration system of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a pipe box; 2. a housing; 3. a tube bundle; 4. a first layer of spray devices; 5. a second layer of spray devices; 6. a main air inlet pipe; 7. a gas distributing pipe; 8. a baffle plate; 9. a spray liquid port; 10. a first circulating water inlet and outlet; 11. a first vent; 12. a first drain outlet; 13. an inner tube sheet; 14. an outer tube sheet; 15. a second vent; 16. a second drain port; 17. a pressure measuring port; 18. an upper level gauge port; 19. collecting liquid; 20. a second circulating water inlet and outlet; 21. a lower level gauge port; 22. a temperature measuring port; 23. a barren liquor inlet; 24. a circulating liquid outlet; 25. a rich liquid outlet; 26. a heat source inlet and outlet; 27. a replacement port; 28. a safety valve port; 100. a generator; 200. a condenser; 300. an evaporator; 400. a solution pump; 500. a GAX heat exchanger; 600. GVX heat exchanger.

Detailed Description

The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings, it should be noted that the following detailed description is given for illustrative purposes only and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application, as those skilled in the art will be able to make numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations to the present application based on the above disclosure.

As shown in fig. 7, the absorption refrigeration system in this embodiment includes an evaporator 300, a condenser 200, a generator 100, a solution pump 400 and a novel absorber, the generator 100 uses waste heat medium as a heating source, the novel absorber uses waste heat medium discharged from a heat source outlet of the generator 100 as a heat source for preheating rich liquid discharged from the novel absorber, on one hand, the utilization rate of waste heat can be improved, on the other hand, the heat input of the generator 100 can be reduced to improve the performance of the unit, the rich solution in the generator 100 is heated to generate lean liquid and gaseous refrigerant, the gaseous refrigerant enters the condenser 200 to be condensed into liquid state and then passes through a GVX heat exchanger 600 to reach the evaporator 300 to be evaporated into coolant for cooling, the gaseous refrigerant of the evaporator 300 enters the novel absorber through a GVX heat exchanger 600, and the rich solution formed by absorption of the lean solution entering the absorber from the generator 100 is circulated to the generator 100 through the solution pump 400 and the GAX heat exchanger 500 in sequence.

As shown in fig. 4-6, the novel absorber of this embodiment, the main structure adopts a shell-and-tube double-tube plate kettle type heat exchanger structure, the tube box 1 and the shell 2 adopt double-tube plate bolted connection, the outer tube plate 14 and the inner tube plate 13, the shell 2 is provided with the U-shaped tube bundle 3, the head of the U-shaped tube bundle 3 is fixed on the isolation cavity between the inner and outer tube plates 14, the tube box 1 is further provided with a first vent 11 and a first drain 12, the shell 2 is further provided with the linear arrangement of the baffle plates 8 for fixing the U-shaped tube bundle 3, under the working condition of shell pass carrier liquid, the detachable tube box 1 cleans the inner wall of the tube bundle 3 to scale, the process that the shell pass needs to be drained and emptied and replaced during operation and maintenance is avoided, the cost of operation and maintenance is reduced, and meanwhile, the heat exchange tube bundle 3 in the shell 2 can be integrally drawn out, and the internal equipment can be conveniently overhauled and replaced at the later stage.

Set up two-layer spray set in casing 2, first layer spray set 4 sets up the upper portion at upper tube bank 3, upper spray set's spraying liquid mouth 9 sets up on casing 2, second layer spray set 5 sets up the upper portion at lower floor's tube bank 3, second layer spray set 5 utilizes the crooked space of U type tube bank 3 innermost bank to set up, second spray set sets up in the U type inslot of side U type tube bank 3 promptly, and spray set fixes on baffling board 8, 5 feed liquor pipes of second layer spray set up on the isolation chamber between double-tube board. The first layer of spraying device 4 sprays atomized lean solution to the outer wall of the upper layer of tube bundle 3 to form a film and the film is discharged gradually. Because of the upper tube bundle 3 row number is less, the liquid that flows down gradually can realize the equipartition distribution of tub outer wall liquid film down, and in the same way, second floor spray set 5 can realize the equipartition distribution of 3 tub outer wall liquid films of lower floor's tube bundle, and the liquid that upper tube bundle 3 flowed down simultaneously can drench to 3 outer walls at lower floor's tube bundle once more, has realized the renewal once more of liquid film. The structure of the improved absorber is combined, the double-layer spraying realizes the uniform distribution of liquid films on the outer walls of the 3 tubes of the tube bundle, and the area of the liquid films is increased, so that the contact area of gas and liquid is increased, and the absorption efficiency is improved.

2 both sides of casing are equipped with two sets of main intake pipe 6, divide many bronchus 7 on every main intake pipe 6, every bronchus 7 equipartition sets up in casing 2 every adjacent baffling board 8 of downside in the middle of, this structure has realized 3 regional many places of pipe bundles are intake in casing 2, combine second floor spray set 5, gas has been aggravated, the degree of liquid contact surface turbulence, gas has greatly been promoted, liquid level contact absorbs, still be equipped with pressure measurement mouth 17 on casing 2, temperature measurement mouth 22, safe valve port 28, replacement mouth 27, second drain port 15 and second row clean mouth 16.

A first circulating water inlet and outlet 10 connected with the tube bundle 3 is arranged on the tube box 1, two groups of liquid collecting bags 19 are arranged at the lower end of the shell 2, fin coil pipes are arranged in the liquid collecting bags 19, the first group of liquid collecting bags 19 are close to the tube box 1, a barren liquor inlet 23, a circulating liquor outlet 24, a second circulating water inlet and outlet 20, a temperature measuring port 22 and a lower liquid level metering port 21 are arranged on the first group of liquid collecting bags 19, the circulating water inlet and outlet are communicated with the fin coil pipes on the first group of liquid collecting bags 19, circulating water circulates on the fin coil pipes to be used for precooling of barren liquor entering from the barren liquor inlet 23, namely, heat exchange is carried out between the circulating water from the first circulating water outlet on the tube box 1 and the barren liquor entering the shell 2 to precool liquor for precooling, a precooler and an absorber in an original system are combined into one, the floor area of the unit is reduced, the system structure is optimized, the cost is reduced, the barren liquor is pumped into a spray liquid port 9 through a pump assembly after precooling, the barren liquid which does not completely absorb the refrigerant flows out from the circulating liquid outlet 24 and is continuously pumped into the spraying liquid port 9 by the pump assembly, and the barren liquid circulates in turn.

Waste heat from the generator 100 is introduced into the second group of liquid collecting bags 19, the second group of liquid collecting bags 19 are provided with a rich liquid outlet 25 and a heat source inlet and outlet 26, the heat source inlet and outlet 26 is communicated with the fin coil pipes on the second group of liquid collecting bags 19, and the waste heat from the generator 100 is used as a heat source to perform heat exchange with the rich liquid in the second group of liquid collecting bags 19 through the fin coil pipes, so that the rich liquid is preheated, on one hand, the utilization rate of the waste heat can be improved, and on the other hand, the heat input of the generator 100 can be reduced so as to improve the performance of the unit.

The barren solution of the generator 100 enters from a barren solution inlet 23 of a first group of liquid collecting bags 19, is pre-cooled by circulating water flowing out of a U-shaped tube bundle 3 and then respectively enters a first layer of spraying device 4 and a second layer of spraying device 5 from a spraying solution port 9, atomized barren solution is sprayed out on the outer wall of the tube bundle 3, meanwhile, the gaseous refrigerant evaporated by the evaporator 300 uniformly enters the shell 2 through the two groups of main air inlet pipes 6 and the plurality of component air pipes 7, the lean solution absorbs the gaseous refrigerant to form a rich solution, liquid films on the outer walls of the tubes of the tube bundle 3 are uniformly distributed, the area of the liquid films is enlarged, so as to increase the contact area of gas and liquid and improve the absorption efficiency, the circulating water flowing in the tube bundle 3 is utilized to continuously take away the absorption heat emitted in the absorption process, and the formed rich solution is preheated by the waste residual heat medium discharged from the generator 100 from the rich solution outlet 25 of the second group of liquid collecting bags 19, then discharged, sequentially passes through the solution pump 400 and the GAX heat exchanger 500 and returns to the generator 100 for continuous circulation.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.