Simulation device for sea fog polarization transmission and test method thereof
阅读说明：本技术 一种用于海雾偏振传输的模拟装置及其测试方法 (Simulation device for sea fog polarization transmission and test method thereof ) 是由 付强 顾黄莹 段锦 刘阳 张肃 战俊彤 谢国芳 姜会林 于 2021-08-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种用于海雾偏振传输的模拟装置及其测试方法属于偏振传输特性技术领域。其中模拟装置包括发射装置、接收装置、主箱体、光线自动对准系统、水雾层标定系统、盐雾层标定系统和气溶胶层标定系统。本发明在室内环境下模拟偏振光自动对准和相对稳定的海雾环境,提升室内模拟的准确度,实测数据与理论仿真结果的符合度优于80％,为海面探测提供可靠的技术支撑。(A simulation device for sea fog polarization transmission and a test method thereof belong to the technical field of polarization transmission characteristics. The simulation device comprises a transmitting device, a receiving device, a main box body, a light automatic alignment system, a water mist layer calibration system, a salt mist layer calibration system and a gas sol layer calibration system. The invention simulates the polarized light automatic alignment and relatively stable sea fog environment in the indoor environment, improves the accuracy of indoor simulation, ensures that the conformity of the measured data and the theoretical simulation result is better than 80 percent, and provides reliable technical support for sea surface detection.)
1. A simulation device for sea fog polarization transmission is characterized in that: comprises an emitting device (1), a receiving device (2), a main box body (3), a light automatic alignment system (4), a water mist layer calibration system (5), a salt mist layer calibration system (6) and an aerosol layer calibration system (7),
the inner part of the main box body (3) is sequentially provided with an aerosol layer lens partition plate (31), a water mist layer lens partition plate (32) and a salt mist layer lens partition plate (33) at intervals from top to bottom to divide the inner part of the main box body (3) into an aerosol layer, a water mist layer, a salt mist layer and a hollow layer from top to bottom;
the light automatic alignment system (4) comprises a semiconductor light-sensitive plate (41), a first control device (42) and a plane spiral track (43); the semiconductor light-sensing plate (41) is arranged at the inner top of the main box body (3); the plane spiral track (43) is arranged at the inner bottom of the main box body (3); the first control device (42) is respectively electrically connected with the semiconductor light-sensitive plate (41) and the planar spiral track (43);
the emitting device (1) is arranged on the plane spiral track (43), and the emitting device (1) comprises a laser (11), a liquid crystal light modulator (SLM) (12), an attenuation sheet (13), a polarizer (14) and a lambda/4 glass slide (15); the laser (11), the liquid crystal light modulator SLM (12), the attenuation sheet (13), the polarizer (14) and the lambda/4 glass slide (15) are sequentially arranged on the same optical axis;
the receiving device (2) is arranged at the upper part of the main box body (3), and the receiving device (2) comprises a beam splitter prism (21), a polarization state measuring instrument (22), an optical power meter (23) and a computer (24); the beam splitter prism (21) receives the light emitted by the emitting device (1) and splits the incident light into two beams, one beam is transmitted to the polarization state measuring instrument (22), and the other beam is transmitted to the optical power meter (23); the computer (24) is electrically connected with the polarization state measuring instrument (22) and the optical power meter (23) respectively;
the water mist layer calibration system (5) comprises a water mist generating device (51), a hygrometer (52), a thermometer (53) and a water vapor pressure tester (54); the water mist generating device (51) is communicated with the water mist layer, and the water mist generating device (51) is electrically connected with the computer (24); the moisture meter (52), the temperature meter (53) and the water vapor pressure tester (54) are all fixedly arranged in the water mist layer, and the moisture meter (52), the temperature meter (53) and the water vapor pressure tester (54) are respectively and electrically connected with the computer (24);
the salt fog layer calibration system (6) comprises a salt fog generating device (61), a chloride ion absorber (62) and a second optical power meter (63); the salt spray generating device (61) is communicated with the salt spray layer, and the salt spray generating device (61) is electrically connected with the computer (24); the chloride ion absorber (62) and the second optical power meter (63) are fixedly arranged in the salt fog layer, and the chloride ion absorber (62) and the second optical power meter (63) are respectively electrically connected with the computer (24);
the aerosol layer calibration system (7) comprises an aerosol generating device (71), a visibility meter (72) and a Marvin particle size analyzer (73); the aerosol generating device (71) is communicated with the aerosol layer, and the aerosol generating device (71) is electrically connected with the computer (24); the visibility meter (72) and the Marvin particle size meter (73) are fixedly arranged in the aerosol layer, and the visibility meter (72) and the Marvin particle size meter (73) are respectively and electrically connected with the computer (24).
2. The simulation device for polarized transmission of sea fog according to claim 1, wherein: and the side walls of the aerosol layer, the water mist layer and the salt mist layer are provided with observation windows and exhaust ports.
3. A method for testing an analog device for polarized sea fog transmission, which utilizes the analog device for polarized sea fog transmission of claim 1, and is characterized in that: comprises the following steps which are sequentially carried out,
step one, preparing experimental environment
Calibrating the plane spiral track (43) to a zero position to ensure that the inside of the main box body (3) is in a completely black dry environment;
step two, simulating gas generation
Starting a corresponding gas generating device according to a sea fog environment to be simulated, wherein the aerosol generating device (71) fills atmospheric aerosol particles as a transmission medium into the aerosol layer, the water fog generating device (51) fills water fog particles as a transmission medium into the water fog layer, the medium concentration of the salt fog generating device (61) is set, and the water fog particles with salt crystal particles as cores are filled into the salt fog layer as a transmission medium;
step three, adjusting the transmitting terminal
Starting the transmitting device (1), adjusting the laser (11) to transmit laser with corresponding wave bands, enabling the laser to be emitted into the liquid crystal light modulator SLM (12) in parallel, enabling the laser emitted from the liquid crystal light modulator SLM (12) to be attenuated through the attenuation sheet (13) in sequence, enabling the laser to be changed into polarized light through the polarizer (14), and enabling the polarized light to be changed into circularly polarized light through the lambda/4 glass slide (15);
step four, aligning the light
The circularly polarized light sequentially penetrates through three layers of simulated sea fog to reach the top layer of the main box body (3), the three layers of simulated sea fog comprise a salt fog layer, a water fog layer and an aerosol layer, light beams fall on the semiconductor light sensing plate (41), the light beams are not correctly received by the receiving device (2), the semiconductor light sensing plate (41) is conducted to transmit signals to the first control device (42), the first control device (42) adjusts the deflection direction of the planar spiral track (43) through the received signals, further controls the emitting device (1) to rotate by a corresponding angle until no light beam is incident on the semiconductor light sensing plate (41), the light beams are correctly received by the receiving device (2), and the fifth step is carried out;
step five, mist layer constant regulation
Setting a fog concentration value in a computer (24), and controlling the computer (24) to drive a water fog generating device (51) to spray through real-time detection change values of a humidity meter (52), a temperature meter (53) and a water vapor pressure tester (54); the change value is detected in real time through a chloride ion absorber (62) and a second optical power meter (63) to control a computer (24) to drive a salt spray generating device (61) to spray; the computer (24) is controlled to drive the aerosol generating device (71) to spray by detecting the change value in real time through the visibility meter (72) and the Marvin particle size meter (73);
stopping spraying when each real-time detection change value is within a set threshold range, and performing the sixth step after waiting for one to two minutes to ensure the mist to be stable;
step six, adjusting the receiving device (2)
The light beam received by the receiving device (2) is incident into a beam splitter prism (21), the beam splitter prism (21) splits the light beam into two beams, one beam is incident into a probe of an optical power meter (23) and used for testing the optical power on the optical power meter (23), the other beam is incident into a probe of a polarization state measuring instrument (22) and used for receiving each test value of the polarized light on the polarization state measuring instrument (22), and a computer (24) records each test value;
step seven, the test is finished
And closing the devices, and opening the exhaust ports of the aerosol layer, the water mist layer and the salt mist layer to evacuate the box.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of polarization transmission characteristics, and particularly relates to a simulation device for sea fog polarization transmission and a test method thereof.
Background
Under the condition of sufficient water vapor, breeze and stable atmosphere, when the relative humidity reaches 100%, the water vapor in the air is condensed into fine water drops which suspend in the air, so that the visibility at the sea level is reduced, and the phenomenon is called as sea fog. Sea fog has seriously affected the fields of transportation, sea surface exploration, ocean development and the like. Therefore, the demand for the research of the sea fog environment is more urgent.
With the development of modern optical technology, the optical detection in marine environment is more and more widely applied. However, outdoor detection consumes long time, the cost is high, the environment is complex and changeable, detection is difficult at night, indoor sea fog simulation devices are few, the existing indoor sea fog simulation devices are unstable, fog dissipation is fast, the equipment debugging time is long, errors are large, and a fog stability interval calibration method is not mentioned.
Therefore, there is a need in the art for a new solution to solve this problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the simulation device for sea fog polarization transmission and the test method thereof are used for solving the technical problems that the existing indoor sea fog simulation device is unstable, fast in fog dissipation and large in error, and a fog test method is not mentioned.
A simulation device for sea fog polarization transmission comprises a transmitting device, a receiving device, a main box body, a light automatic alignment system, a water fog layer calibration system, a salt fog layer calibration system and a gas sol layer calibration system,
the inner part of the main box body is sequentially provided with an aerosol layer lens partition plate, a water mist layer lens partition plate and a salt mist layer lens partition plate at intervals from top to bottom so as to divide the inner part of the main box body into an aerosol layer, a water mist layer, a salt mist layer and a hollow layer from top to bottom;
the light automatic alignment system comprises a semiconductor light sensing plate, a first control device and a planar spiral track; the semiconductor light sensing plate is arranged at the inner top of the main box body; the plane spiral track is arranged at the inner bottom of the main box body; the first control device is electrically connected with the semiconductor light-sensing plate and the planar spiral track respectively;
the transmitting device is arranged on the planar spiral track and comprises a laser, a liquid crystal light modulator (SLM), an attenuation sheet, a polarizer and a lambda/4 glass slide; the laser, the liquid crystal light modulator SLM, the attenuation sheet, the polarizer and the lambda/4 glass slide are sequentially arranged on the same optical axis;
the receiving device is arranged at the upper part of the main box body and comprises a beam splitter prism, a polarization state measuring instrument, an optical power meter and a computer; the beam splitter prism receives the light emitted by the emitting device and divides the incident light into two beams, one beam is transmitted to the polarization state measuring instrument, and the other beam is transmitted to the optical power meter; the computer is electrically connected with the polarization state measuring instrument and the optical power meter respectively;
the water mist layer calibration system comprises a water mist generating device, a hygrometer, a thermometer and a water vapor pressure tester; the water mist generating device is communicated with the water mist layer and is electrically connected with the computer; the moisture meter, the temperature meter and the water vapor pressure tester are fixedly arranged in the water mist layer and are respectively and electrically connected with the computer;
the salt spray layer calibration system comprises a salt spray generating device, a chloride ion absorber and a second optical power meter; the salt spray generating device is communicated with the salt spray layer and is electrically connected with the computer; the chloride ion absorber and the second optical power meter are fixedly arranged in the salt fog layer and are respectively and electrically connected with the computer;
the aerosol layer calibration system comprises an aerosol generating device, an visibility meter and a Marvin particle size analyzer; the aerosol generating device is communicated with the aerosol layer and is electrically connected with the computer; the visibility meter and the Marvin particle size meter are fixedly arranged in the aerosol layer and are respectively and electrically connected with a computer.
And the side walls of the aerosol layer, the water mist layer and the salt mist layer are provided with observation windows and exhaust ports.
The test method of the simulation device for sea fog polarization transmission comprises the following steps in sequence,
step one, preparing experimental environment
Calibrating the plane spiral track to a zero position to ensure that the main box body is in a completely black dry environment;
step two, simulating gas generation
Starting a corresponding gas generating device according to a sea fog environment to be simulated, wherein the aerosol generating device fills atmospheric aerosol particles into an aerosol layer as a transmission medium, the water mist generating device fills water mist particles into a water mist layer as the transmission medium, the medium concentration of the salt mist generating device is set, and the water mist particles with salt crystal particles as cores are filled into the salt mist layer as the transmission medium;
step three, adjusting the transmitting terminal
Starting an emitting device, adjusting a laser to emit laser with a corresponding wave band, and emitting the laser into a liquid crystal light modulator (SLM) in parallel, wherein the laser emitted from the liquid crystal light modulator (SLM) is sequentially attenuated by an attenuation sheet, is changed into polarized light by a polarizer, and is changed into circularly polarized light by a lambda/4 glass slide;
step four, aligning the light
The circularly polarized light sequentially penetrates through three layers of simulated sea fog to reach the top layer of the main box body, the three layers of simulated sea fog comprise a salt fog layer, a water fog layer and an aerosol layer, a light beam falls on the semiconductor light-sensing plate, the light beam is not correctly received by the receiving device, the semiconductor light-sensing plate is guided to the first control device to transmit a signal, the first control device adjusts the deflection direction of the plane spiral track through the received signal, and then the transmitting device is controlled to rotate by a corresponding angle until no light beam is incident on the semiconductor light-sensing plate, the light beam is correctly received by the receiving device, and the fifth step is carried out;
step five, mist layer constant regulation
Setting a fog concentration value in a computer, and controlling the computer to drive the water fog generating device to spray through real-time detection change values of a humidity meter, a temperature meter and a water vapor pressure tester; detecting the change value in real time through a chloride ion absorber and a second optical power meter to control a computer to drive a salt spray generating device to spray; controlling a computer to drive an aerosol generating device to spray through real-time detection change values of an visibility meter and a Marvin particle analyzer;
stopping spraying when each real-time detection change value is within a set threshold range, and performing the sixth step after waiting for one to two minutes to ensure the mist to be stable;
step six, adjusting the receiving device
The light beam received by the receiving device is incident into a beam splitter prism, the beam splitter prism divides the light beam into two beams, one beam is incident into a probe of the optical power meter and is used for testing the optical power on the optical power meter, the other beam is incident into a probe of the polarization state measuring instrument and is used for receiving each test value of the polarized light on the polarization state measuring instrument, and a computer records each test value;
step seven, the test is finished
And closing the devices, and opening the exhaust ports of the aerosol layer, the water mist layer and the salt mist layer to evacuate the box.
Through the design scheme, the invention can bring the following beneficial effects:
the invention simulates the polarized light automatic alignment and relatively stable sea fog environment in the indoor environment, improves the accuracy of indoor simulation, ensures that the conformity of the measured data and the theoretical simulation result is better than 80 percent, and provides reliable technical support for sea surface detection.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a simulation apparatus for sea fog polarization transmission and a test method thereof according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1-transmitting device, 2-receiving device, 3-main box body, 4-light automatic alignment system, 5-water mist layer calibration system, 6-salt mist layer calibration system, 7-aerosol layer calibration system, 11-laser, 12-liquid crystal light modulator SLM, 13-attenuation sheet, 14-polarizer, 15-lambda/4 glass sheet, 21-beam splitter prism, 22-polarization state measuring instrument, 23-first optical power meter, 24-computer, 31-aerosol layer lens clapboard, 32-water mist layer lens clapboard, 33-salt mist layer lens clapboard, 34-first observation window, 35-second observation window, 36-third observation window, 37-first exhaust port, 38-second exhaust port, 39-third exhaust port, 310-a fourth observation window, 41-a semiconductor light-sensitive plate, 42-a first control device, 43-a planar spiral track, 51-a water mist generating device, 52-a humidity meter, 53-a temperature meter, 54-a water vapor pressure meter, 61-a salt mist generating device, 62-a chloride ion absorber, 63-a second optical power meter, 71-an aerosol generating device, 72-a visibility meter and 73-a Marvin particle size meter.
Detailed Description
A simulation device for sea fog polarization transmission is shown in figure 1 and comprises a transmitting device 1, a receiving device 2, a main box body 3, a light automatic alignment system 4, a water fog layer calibration system 5, a salt fog layer calibration system 6 and an aerosol layer calibration system 7. The inside of the main box body 3 is sequentially and horizontally provided with an aerosol layer lens partition plate 31, a water mist layer lens partition plate 32 and a salt mist layer lens partition plate 33 at intervals from top to bottom so as to divide the inside of the main box body 3 into an aerosol layer, a water mist layer, a salt mist layer and a hollow layer from top to bottom, the side wall of the aerosol layer is provided with a first observation window 34 and a first exhaust port 37, the side wall of the salt mist layer is provided with a second observation window 35 and a second exhaust port 38, the side wall of the salt mist layer is provided with a third observation window 36 and a third exhaust port 39, the side wall of the hollow layer is provided with a fourth observation window 310, and the first observation window 34, the second observation window 35, the third observation window 36 and the fourth observation window 310 are coaxially arranged; the first exhaust port 37, the second exhaust port 38, and the third exhaust port 39 are coaxially aligned. The components of the emitting device 1 include a laser 11, a liquid crystal light modulator SLM12, an attenuation sheet 13, a polarizer 14 and a λ/4 glass slide 15, which realize the emission of the light beam. The launching device 1 is arranged on the planar spiral track 43 in the hollow layer of the main box body 2, and the deflection direction of the planar spiral track 43 is adjusted, so that the launching device 1 is controlled to rotate by a corresponding angle. The components of the receiving device 2 include a beam splitter prism 21, a polarization state measuring instrument 22, an optical power meter 23 and a computer 24, so that real-time testing and data analysis can be realized. The receiving device 2 is placed on top of the main housing 3. The semiconductor light-sensitive plate 41 is arranged on the inner surface of the top of the main box body 3 and is connected with the first control device 42, and the first control device 42 is connected with the planar spiral track 43 to control the alignment of the upward light beams, so that the automatic alignment of the light beams can be realized. The water mist generating device 51, the moisture meter 52, the temperature meter 53 and the water vapor pressure tester 54 are vertically arranged on the side wall of the main box body 3 and used for calibrating a water mist layer; the salt mist generating device 61, the chloride ion absorber 62 and the second optical power meter 63 are vertically positioned on the side wall of the main box body 3 and used for calibrating a salt mist layer; the aerosol generating device 71 is positioned on the side wall of the main box body 3, and the visibility meter 72 and the Marvin particle size analyzer 73 are horizontally arranged on the salt fog layer lens partition plate 33 and used for calibrating the aerosol layer.
Specifically, the laser 11 is a dye tunable laser produced by Changfukou technology (Beijing) Limited, the liquid crystal optical modulator SLM12 is a liquid crystal optical modulator produced by Beijing Bowey technology Limited, the attenuation sheet 13 is an attenuation sheet produced by Shenzhen Jieerte photoelectricity Limited, the polarizer 14 is Beijing Yongxing perception information technology Limited, the λ/4 glass sheet 15 is a 1/4 wave plate produced by Meiyan photoelectricity Limited, the beam splitter prism 21 is a prism produced by THORLABS, the polarization state measuring instrument 22 is a polarization state tester produced by Chengdu photonics technology Limited, and the optical power meter 23 is a digital handheld optical power meter produced by THORLABS.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
step one, preparing experimental environment
Detecting the transmitting device 1 and the receiving device 2, fixing each experimental apparatus on the optical platform, calibrating the zero position of the planar spiral track 43, ensuring a dark and dry environment in the main box body 3, and avoiding the influence of ambient light on laser so as to meet required experimental conditions;
step two, simulating gas generation
And starting the corresponding gas generating device according to the sea fog environment to be simulated. Starting the aerosol generating device 71 to fill atmospheric aerosol particles as a transmission medium into the aerosol layer, starting the water mist generating device 51 to fill water mist particles as a transmission medium into the water mist layer, setting the medium concentration of the salt mist generating device 61, and filling water mist particles with salt crystal particles as cores as a transmission medium into the salt mist layer;
step three, adjusting the transmitting terminal
Starting the emitting device 1, adjusting the laser 11 to emit laser with corresponding wave bands, emitting the laser into the liquid crystal light modulator SLM12 in parallel, attenuating the emitted laser sequentially through the attenuation sheet 13, changing the laser into polarized light through the polarizer 14, and changing the polarized light into circularly polarized light through the lambda/4 glass sheet 15;
step four, aligning the light
The light passes through the three layers of simulated sea fog to reach the top layer of the main box body 3, if the light is not correctly received by the receiving end, the light beam falls on the semiconductor light-sensitive plate 41, the semiconductor is guided to the first control device 42 to transmit a signal, the first control device 42 adjusts the deflection direction of the plane spiral track 43 through the received signal, and then the emitting device 2 is controlled to rotate by a corresponding angle until no light beam is incident on the light-sensitive plate 41, and the light beam is correctly received by the receiving device 2;
step five, stable interval calibration method
The stable interval calibration method adopts a laser beam for calibration. The method for calibrating the stable interval of the water mist layer of the device judges the concentration change of mist according to the difference between temperature and humidity, uses a humidity meter 52 to measure the humidity and a temperature meter 53 to measure the temperature, and calculates a difference value, wherein the difference value is stable, namely the concentration of the water mist is stable, and the concentration of the water mist is unstable when the difference value changes greatly.
The known relative humidity f is the percentage of the actual air water vapor pressure (p1) and the saturated water vapor pressure (p2) at the same temperature
Omitted for simplicity of calculating the percentile and differentiating it
From the krebs equation and the ideal gas state equation:
p1m＝ρ1RT
knowing the standard case, p1For practical vapor density, R is a mole gas constant, L is latent heat of phase change, m is the molar mass of the vapor, T is 273.15K, n is 1mol, and L/nRT is a constant, so changes in vapor content and air temperature (dT) can cause changes in mist concentration (df). increasing vapor and decreasing temperature can increase the relative humidity of air (df)>0) The originally less dense fog becomes denser, and conversely, the originally much denser fog becomes thinner and even dissipates. It can be proved that the change of the concentration of the mist is judged by the change of the difference between the humidity and the temperature.
The salt spray layer calibration of the device is carried out by adopting a method of combining optical power and chloride ion concentration, the optical power of laser passing through the salt spray layer is attenuated, when the fog is stable, the optical power fluctuates in a relatively stable range, meanwhile, the chloride ions in the salt spray layer are detected, and the calibration is carried out according to a salt spray concentration formula.
Wherein ScAs the salt spray content, [ CL-]Is the concentration of chloride ions, Q is the flow rate of the sampled inspiration, V is the total volume of the absorption liquid, and t is the sampling time. And checking whether the indication number of the second optical power meter 63 fluctuates stably within a certain range, collecting chloride ions in the salt mist layer through the chloride ion absorber 62, and calculating the salt mist concentration according to a salt mist concentration formula to calibrate the salt mist layer.
The calibration of the aerosol layer of the device is carried out by combining a Malvern particle analyzer 73 and a visibility meter 72, and the particle concentration is measured. And setting an empty box control group, measuring the visibility range when no aerosol particles are filled, measuring the visibility range when the aerosol is saturated, and measuring the particle size distribution when the aerosol is saturated by using a Malvern particle size analyzer 73.
Step six, adjusting the receiving end
The light beam received by the receiving device 2 is incident into the beam splitter prism 21, the beam splitter prism 21 splits the light beam into two beams, one beam is incident into the probe of the optical power meter 23 for measuring the optical power on the optical power meter 23, the other beam is incident into the probe of the polarization state measuring instrument 22 for receiving each measured value of the polarized light on the polarization state measuring instrument 22, and the computer 24 is connected to record each value for analysis.
Step seven, the test is finished
The respective devices are closed, and the first exhaust port 37, the second exhaust port 38, and the third exhaust port 39 are opened to evacuate the tank.
The above description is only a part of the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.