阅读说明：本技术 一种用于防治甜瓜细菌性角斑病菌的杀菌组合物 (Bactericidal composition for preventing and treating bacterial angular leaf spot of muskmelon ) 是由 张通 曹巧利 冯塔 于 2021-08-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种用于防治甜瓜细菌性角斑病菌的杀菌组合物,具体涉及一种溴菌腈与溴硝醇的用于防治甜瓜细菌性角斑病菌的杀菌组合物,该组合物主要特征在于：杀菌组合物含有溴菌腈、溴硝醇,助剂及其他赋形剂,其中溴菌腈与溴硝醇的重量比为3︰1～1︰3,组合物可制成可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂。(The invention relates to a bactericidal composition for preventing and treating melon bacterial angular leaf spot bacteria, in particular to a bactericidal composition for preventing and treating melon bacterial angular leaf spot bacteria, which is prepared from bromothalonil and bronopol, and is mainly characterized in that: the bactericidal composition contains bromothalonil, bronopol, an auxiliary agent and other excipients, wherein the weight ratio of the bromothalonil to the bronopol is 3: 1-1: 3, and the composition can be prepared into wettable powder and water dispersible granules.)

1. A bactericidal composition for preventing and treating melon bacterial angular leaf spot bacteria is characterized in that: the bactericidal composition contains bromothalonil and bronopol, wherein the weight ratio of the bromothalonil to the bronopol is 3: 1-1: 3.

2. The bactericidal composition for controlling melon bacterial angular leaf spot bacteria according to claim 1, characterized in that: the weight ratio of bromothalonil to bronopol is 1:1.

3. The bactericidal composition for controlling melon bacterial angular leaf spot bacteria according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the total weight of bromothalonil and bronopol in the bactericidal composition is 10-70%.

4. The bactericidal composition for controlling melon bacterial angular leaf spot bacteria according to claim 3, characterized in that: the total weight of bromothalonil and bronopol in the bactericidal composition is 50%.

5. The fungicidal composition for controlling bacterial angular leaf spot of melon according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the bactericidal composition is prepared into wettable powder or water dispersible granules.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticides, and particularly relates to a bactericidal composition for preventing and treating melon bacterial angular leaf spot germs.

Background

Bromothalonil, english name: bromotalonil, with the chemical name of 1, 2-dibromo-2, 4-dicyanobutane, is a compound with low toxicity, broad spectrum, sterilization, mildew prevention and algae removal performances, and can inhibit and eradicate the growth of bacteria, fungi and algae.

Bronopol (bronopol), chemical name is 2-bromo-2-nitro-1, 3-propanediol, molecular formula: c₃H₆BrNO₄It can be used for preventing and treating various plant pathogenic bacteria.

Bacterial angular leaf spot is mainly harmful to leaves and melon strips. When the leaves are damaged, the leaves become pale-green in water stain shape and then become pale-brown, and the leaves are restricted by veins to form a polygon. The later stage disease spots are grey white and easy to perforate. When the humidity is high, white mucus is produced on the lesion spots. The scabs on the stem and the melon strip are initially in a water stain shape, nearly in a circle shape, and then in a light gray shape, cracks are often generated in the middle of the scabs, and the purulence is generated when the scabs are wet. The fruit is rotten in the later stage and has odor.

In the actual process of agricultural production, the most easily generated problem for preventing and controlling diseases is the generation of disease resistance. The compounding of different kinds of components is a common method for preventing and treating resistant diseases. Different components are compounded, and whether a certain compound has synergism, addition or antagonism is judged according to the actual application effect. In most cases, the compounding effect of the pesticide is additive effect, so that the pesticide has little real synergistic effect, and particularly, the pesticide has very obvious synergistic effect and less compounding with very high co-toxicity coefficient. The applicant finds that the bromothalonil and the bronopol are compounded according to a specific proportion to be used for preventing and controlling the melon bacterial angular leaf spot germs and can generate a good synergistic effect in the research process of the mixed composition of the bromothalonil and the bronopol, and the mixed composition of the bromothalonil and the bronopol can be used for preventing and controlling the melon bacterial angular leaf spot germs to date.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a bactericidal composition containing bromothalonil and bronopol for preventing and treating melon bacterial angular leaf spot.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the invention discloses a bactericidal composition for preventing and treating muskmelon bacterial angular leaf spot, which comprises bromothalonil and bronopol, wherein the weight ratio of the bromothalonil to the bronopol is 3: 1-1: 3, and the more preferable weight ratio of the bromothalonil to the bronopol is 1:1.

The invention discloses a bactericidal composition for preventing and treating melon bacterial angular leaf spot germs, wherein the total weight of bromothalonil and bronopol is 10-70%, and the more preferable total weight is 50%.

The invention discloses a bactericidal composition for preventing and treating melon bacterial angular leaf spot germs, which can be prepared into wettable powder or water dispersible granules.

The bactericidal composition for preventing and controlling melon bacterial angular leaf spot germs disclosed by the invention can be diluted by a user before use or directly used. The formulation may be prepared by conventional processing methods known to those skilled in the art, i.e., mixing the active substance with a liquid solvent or a solid carrier, followed by the addition of one or more surfactants such as dispersing agents, stabilizers, wetting agents, binders, antifoaming agents, disintegrants, and the like. Of course, the compound can also be processed into any formulation acceptable in pesticides according to the needs, such as suspending agent, suspoemulsion, aqueous emulsion, microemulsion, microcapsule suspending agent, microcapsule suspension-suspending agent and granules, and can also be prepared into missible oil.

When the bactericidal composition is prepared into wettable powder, the bactericidal composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5 to 52.5 percent of bromothalonil, 5 to 52.5 percent of bronopol, 2 to 8 percent of dispersant, 2 to 8 percent of wetting agent and the balance of filler.

When the bactericidal composition is prepared into water dispersible granules, the bactericidal composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5-52.5% of bromothalonil, 5-52.5% of bronopol, 2-8% of a dispersing agent, 2-8% of a wetting agent, 1-7% of a disintegrating agent, 0-6% of a binder and the balance of a filler.

The wettable powder has the main technical indexes that:

the water dispersible granule has the main technical indexes that:

compared with the prior art, the bactericidal composition for preventing and treating melon bacterial angular leaf spot germs has the following beneficial effects: (1) compared with a single agent, the composition has good effect on preventing and treating melon bacterial angular leaf spot germs; (2) the pesticide can replace high-toxicity pesticides, greatly reduce the field dosage and effectively reduce environmental pollution and pesticide residues; (3) has quick and long-acting effects; (4) reducing toxicity to a warm-blooded animal; (5) has better effect on resistant plants.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following examples, in which the percentages are by weight, but the invention is not limited thereto.

Application embodiment 1

Examples 1 to 5 wettable powders

Bromothalonil, bronopol, a dispersant, a wetting agent, a defoaming agent and a filler are mixed, uniformly mixed in a mixing cylinder, crushed by a jet mill and uniformly mixed, and the wettable powder product can be prepared. See table 1 for details.

TABLE 1 EXAMPLES 1-5 compositions and amounts

Examples 6-10 Water dispersible granules

Bromothalonil, bronopol, a dispersing agent, a wetting agent, a disintegrating agent and a filler are subjected to airflow crushing to obtain a required particle size, and other auxiliary agents such as a binder (optionally added) and the like are added to obtain the granulating material. And (3) quantitatively feeding the material into a fluidized bed granulation dryer, and granulating and drying to obtain the water dispersible granule product. See table 2 for details.

TABLE 2 examples 6-10 compositions and amounts

The second application example is implemented:

toxicity determination of bronopol and bromothalonil mixed pairing melon bacterial angular leaf spot pathogen

Experiments refer to standards of NY/T1156.16-2008 and NY/T1156.16-2006, toxicity of bromothalonil and bromonitrol and ratios of 3:1, 2:1, 1:2 and 1:3 of the bromothalonil to bacterial angular leaf spot pathogenic bacteria of the muskmelon is measured by a turbidity method, and results show that the 5 proportions of the bromothalonil and the bromonitrol are mixed to have a synergistic effect on the bacterial angular leaf spot pathogenic bacteria of the muskmelon. The experimental procedure was as follows:

purpose of the test

The toxicity of the bromothalonil and the bronopol and the mixed combination thereof in different proportions on the muskmelon bacterial cantharis pathogen is measured indoors, the synergy evaluation is carried out, the suitability of the bromothalonil and the bronopol is determined, and scientific basis is provided for the research and development of the mixture of the bromothalonil and the bronopol.

2 conditions of the test

2.1 test target

Melon bacterial angular leaf spot (Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans) is preserved and provided by the research center of pesticide bioassay of chemical research institute in Hunan province.

2.2 culture conditions

The culture conditions of the test target and the post-test target are 25 + -5' C temperature and 65+ 5% relative humidity.

2.3 instrumentation

A beaker, a pipette, a triangular flask, an autoclave, a constant-temperature shaking incubator, an ultraviolet spectrophotometer and the like.

Design of the experiment

3.1 test Agents

Bromothalonil (bromothalonil) 95% technical material, bronopol (bronopol) 95% technical material; the medicaments are provided by Shaanxi Meibang pharmaceutical industry group GmbH.

3.2 drug concentration design and solution formulation

0.1000g of 95% original bromothalonil is weighed, dissolved by 0.5mL of DMF, added with 189.5mL of clear water containing 0.1% of Tween80 emulsifier, stirred evenly to prepare 500mg/L mother liquor, and diluted by sterile water into 250, 125, 62.5, 31.25 and 15.625mg/L concentrations for later use;

weighing 0.1000g of 95% bronopol raw drug, dissolving with 0.5mL of DMF, adding 189.5mL of clear water containing 0.1% Tween80 emulsifier, stirring uniformly to prepare 500mg/L mother liquor, and diluting with sterile water containing 0.1% Tween80 emulsifier to 250, 125, 62.5, 31.25 and 15.625mg/L concentrations for later use;

respectively adding 45.30, 25 and 15.15mL of 500mg/L bromothalonil solution into 15, 25, 30 and 45mL of 500mg/L bromothalonil solution to prepare 500mg/L bromothalonil, namely 3:1, 2:1, 1:2 and 1:3 bromothalonil solution, and diluting the solution into 250, 125, 62.5, 31.25 and 15.625mg/L concentrations for later use by using sterile water containing 0.1 percent of Tween80 emulsifier;

control solution 0.5mL DMF plus 99.5mL sterile water containing 0.1% Tween80 emulsifier.

4 test method

According to the standard method of biological measurement NYT1156.16-2008, a turbidity method is adopted, wherein 5mL of liquid medicine with each single dose of concentration is added into 45mL of NB culture medium cooled to 45' C to prepare the medicine-containing culture medium with the required final concentration. Diluting the strain grown on the slant of NA culture medium to 1x10 with sterilized water⁷Each treatment medium was inoculated with 100. mu.l of each spore/mL suspension, and each treatment was repeated 4 times. After the treatment, the mixture is placed under the condition of 28C-30C for shaking culture (120r/min), and after 12 hours, the absorbance is measured, and the growth inhibition rate is calculated.

5 data investigation and statistical analysis

5.1 methods of investigation

And (3) respectively measuring the light absorption value of each treatment before the culture is started, and measuring and recording the light absorption value of each treatment when the contrast treatment reaches the logarithmic phase. The wavelength measured was 660 nm. The growth inhibition (%) was calculated.

Wherein P is the growth inhibition rate; a. the₀-blank control absorbance increase; a. the₁-treating the increase in absorbance by the agent.

5.2 evaluation method of synergistic Effect

The synergistic effect of the mixed medicament is evaluated according to a co-toxicity coefficient method (CTC) of Sun & Johnson (1960) by referring to a biological test standard method NY/T1156.6-2006, namely that the CTC is not more than 80 as an antagonistic effect, the CTC is more than 80 and less than 120 as an additive effect, and the CTC is not less than 120 as the synergistic effect.

The Theoretical Toxicity Index (TTI) of the mixture is the toxicity index of the agent A x the percentage (%) of the agent A + the toxicity index of the agent B XB the percentage (%)

5.3 statistical analysis of data

All experimental data were analyzed using SAS6.12 statistical software. Calculating the bacterial growth inhibition rate (%) according to the test data, and solving a virulence regression equation, a correlation coefficient (r) and EC₅₀(95% confidence limit).

6 results analysis and discussion

6.1 evaluation of drug efficacy

The toxicity test results of the mixture combination of bromothalonil and bronopol in different proportions on melon bacterial angular leaf spot pathogen are shown in table 3. As can be seen from Table 3, in the 3:1, 2:1, 1:2, 1:3 mixed combination of bromothalonil and bronopol, five proportions showed a synergistic effect on melon bacterial angular leaf spot pathogen, with its EC₅₀The values were 8.54, 7.94, 6.35, 6.03 and 5.79mg/L, respectively, and the co-toxicity coefficients were 135.78, 137.47, 153.85, 146.63 and 145.78, respectively. Wherein the mixing and the synergy of the two are most obvious in the ratio of 1:1.

TABLE 3 toxicity test results of the mixture of bromothalonil and bronopol against Cucumis melo

6.2 discussion and conclusions

Indoor bioassay results show that the synergy of the bromothalonil and the bronopol is shown when the bromothalonil and the bronopol are mixed according to the proportion of 3:1.2:1, 1:1.1:2 and 1:3, wherein the synergy of the two is most obvious when the two are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1, and therefore 1:1 is the optimal proportion of the bromothalonil and the bronopol.

Application example three: field efficacy experiment for preventing and controlling muskmelon bacterial angular leaf spot

The test complies with the quality management standard of pesticide registration test and the standard of pesticide field efficacy test. The test process is strictly carried out according to the test scheme, and the report truly and accurately reflects the test result.

Test name, example, field efficacy test of 350% bromothalonil and bronopol wettable powder for preventing and treating melon bacterial angular leaf spot

Test crop muskmelon

Object to be controlled, melon bacterial angular leaf spot

Reagent to be tested:

1 basic information of the experiment

1.1 test name

The field efficacy test of 50% bromothalonil-bronitol wettable powder on melon bacterial angular leaf spot.

1.2 purpose of the test

The prevention and treatment effect, the applicable dosage and the safety of the 50% bromothalonil-bronopol wettable powder provided by Shaanxi Meibang pharmaceutical industry group GmbH on the muskmelon bacterial angular leaf spot are determined, and a basis is provided for the registration and the popularization of test medicaments.

1.3 test guidelines and references

The test is carried out according to the pesticide field efficacy test criterion (II) GB/T17980.110-2004 that the bactericide can prevent and control cucumber bacterial angular leaf spot.

1.4 test Agents

50% bromothalonil-bronopol wettable powder.

The production enterprise is Shaanxi Meibang pharmaceutical industry group member company.

Production enterprise address, Shanxi province Weinan city futon county rural base industrial park

Shaan test Z20180108

Production batch No. LBM050002

Sample specification 120 g/bag

Production date of 04 month and 28 days in 2018

Effective date of 2020, 04 and 27 months

Date of origin is 5 months and 25 days in 2018

Storage condition of normal temperature

1.5 control Agents

(1) 25% bromothalonil wettable powder, PD20080673, Jiangsu Tomocu agricultural chemical Co., Ltd (Shaanxi Meibang pharmaceutical industry group Co., Ltd.).

Production batch No. 2017123001

Sample specification 15 g/bag

Storage condition of normal temperature

Production date of 12 months and 30 days in 2017

Effective date of 12 months and 30 days in 2019

The basic information of the effective components is detailed in '1.4 test medicament'.

(2) 20% bronopol wettable powder, PD20080631, available from general agricultural chemical works in Dandong, Liaoning province (provided by Shaanxi Meibang pharmaceutical group GmbH)

Production batch No. 20170406

Sample specification 15 g/bag

Storage condition of normal temperature

Production date of 04 month and 06 days in 2017

Effective date of 2019, 4 months and 06 days

The basic information of the effective components is detailed in '1.4 test medicament'.

(3) Wettable powder of 3% zhongshengmycin, PD20110113, fujian kili biological products limited (commercially available).

Production batch No. 2017092701

Sample specification 200 g/bag

Storage condition of normal temperature

The production date is 09 months and 27 days in 2017.

Effective date of 09 months and 27 days in 2019

2 environmental and facility cultivation conditions

2.1 test site

The test arrangement is carried out in a test field of a scientific research base built in Guangxi agricultural science institute. The muskmelon is planted in the test field for many years continuously, and the bacterial angular leaf spot of the muskmelon occurs seriously in all years. The muskmelons are planted in the test land and around the test land, the whole land has good water conservancy facilities, and the irrigation and drainage are convenient. The cultivation conditions (soil type, water and fertilizer management, planting density and growth period) of all the test districts are uniform and consistent, and the cultivation conditions accord with the agricultural practice (GAP) of local science.

2.2 assay target conditions

The control object is melon bacterial angular leaf spot (Cucumber angulars leaf spot). The pathogenic bacteria of the Pseudomonas syringae melon angular leaf spot pathotype Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans.

2.3 test crops, varieties and growth conditions

The test crop is melon, the variety to be tested is local frequently-cultivated variety Guimi No. 12, and the growing period is from 6 leaves to the bearing period.

2.4 soil type of test plot

The soil type is red loam, the irrigation and drainage are good, and the pH value is 6.6.

2.5 test plot liquid manure management

500kg of organic fertilizer is applied to hectare during transplanting, 25kg of potassium nitrate compound fertilizer is applied to hectare 10 days after transplanting, and irrigation is carried out by adopting a drip irrigation technology.

2.6 weather data

No rainfall occurred on the day of application. The rainfall days in the whole test period (8 months, 25 days to 9 months, 20 days) are 14 days, the total rainfall is 181mm, the relative humidity is 63% -96%, the minimum temperature is 22.5 ℃, the maximum temperature is 35 ℃, and the daily average temperature is 23.5-31.5 ℃.

2.7 information of pesticide for preventing and treating other diseases and pests

During the test, no other pesticides, herbicides and fungicides were used to control the non-target and target organisms.

3 test design and arrangement

3.1 test dosage and numbering

TABLE 4 test design of test agents

3.2 cell arrangement

3.2.1 cell arrangements

The cell arrangement adopts a random block arrangement mode, and the field cell arrangement is distributed as follows:

1-I

3-I

5-I

2-I

4-I

7-I

6-I

2-II

4-II

1-II

3-II

7-II

6-II

5-II

3-II

5-III

2-III

7-III

6-III

1-III

4-III

5-IV

6-IV

4-IV

1-IV

3-IV

2-IV

7-IV

3.2.2 cell area and repetition

Cell area of 20.0m²(2m×10m)。

Number of repetitions 4 repetitions per treatment.

3.3 methods of application

3.3.1 administration periods and methods

The test was performed 3 times. The application time is 8 months and 25 days, 9 months and 2 days and 9 months and 10 days in 2018, and the leaf period of the melon is 6 to the fruiting period.

And (4) spraying.

3.3.2 applicator devices

The drug delivery device is a knapsack electric sprayer (Taizhou road bridge Fuda sprayer factory, model: 3WBD-16 HBA).

3.3 capacity of use

The water adding amount of the test liquid medicine is 900 liters per hectare, and the spraying amount of the liquid medicine per cell is 1.80 liters.

3.4 investigation methods, times and times

3.4.1 investigation time and number of surveys

The test is carried out for 3 times, the disease index before the medicine is investigated in 2018, 8 and 25 months, and the control effect is investigated in 2018, 9 and 10 months and 9 and 20 months.

3.4.2 investigation method

Randomly taking 15 plants per cell, investigating all leaves, and recording the total leaf number, the diseased leaf number and the disease grade of the investigation. Calculating the disease index and the prevention and treatment effect, and observing and recording the drug damage condition of the pesticide to the melons. The lesion area per leaf is graded as a percentage of the total leaf area, with the following criteria:

grade 0-no disease;

grade 1-the lesion area accounts for less than 5% of the whole leaf area;

grade 3-the lesion area accounts for 6% -10% of the whole leaf area;

grade 5-the lesion area accounts for 11% -20% of the whole leaf area;

7-stage, the scab area accounts for 21% -50% of the whole blade area;

grade 9-the lesion area accounts for more than 51% of the whole blade area.

3.4.3 method of calculating drug efficacy

Note CK₀-pre-drug disease index in the placebo zone; CK (CK)₁-disease index after administration of placebo zone; PT 0-pre-dose disease index in the drug treatment area; PT 1-disease index after drug treatment area administration.

4 results and analysis

Test result of 50% bromothalonil-bronopol wettable powder for preventing and treating bacterial angular leaf spot of melon-8 days after the 2 nd application

Test result of 50% bromothalonil-bronopol wettable powder for preventing and treating melon bacterial angular leaf spot disease-10 days after last application

Note that the test data is statistically analyzed by the DPS software, and different letters with different sizes respectively represent that the significance of the difference reaches 0.01

And 0.05 level.

The disease condition base was investigated before the treatment (day 25/8), and the disease onset in each cell was equivalent.

In a survey 8 days (9 months and 10 days) after the 2 nd application, the control effects of the test agent 50% bromothalonil/bronchus bromide wettable powder 225 g/hectare (effective component, the same below), 262.5 g/hectare and 300 g/hectare on the muskmelon bacterial angular leaf spot are 64.5%, 68.8% and 74.5% respectively, and the control agent 25% bromothalonil wettable powder 225 g/hectare, 20% bromothalonil wettable powder 210 g/hectare and 3% zhongshengmycin wettable powder 45 g/hectare are 64.9%, 67.4% and 71.7% respectively. The control effect of the test medicament 225 g/hectare and 262.5 g/hectare treatment areas is equivalent to that of three control medicament treatment areas, the difference is not significant, the control effect of the test medicament 300 g/hectare treatment areas is superior to that of the control medicament 25% bromothalonil wettable powder 225 g/hectare treatment areas, the difference reaches 5% significant level, and the control effect of the control medicament 20% bromonitroalcohol wettable powder 210 g/hectare and 3% zhongshengmycin wettable powder 45 g/hectare treatment areas is equivalent to that of the control medicament 20% bromonitroalcohol wettable powder 210 g/hectare and 3% zhongshengmycin wettable powder, and the difference is not significant on the 0.01 level.

In a survey 10 days (5 months and 20 days) after the 3 rd application, the control effects of the test agent 50% bromothalonil/hectare wettable powder 225 g/hectare, 262.5 g/hectare and 300 g/hectare on the muskmelon bacterial angular leaf spot are 70.1%, 74.5% and 80.1% respectively, and the control agent 25% bromothalonil wettable powder 225 g/hectare, 20% bromothalonil wettable powder 210 g/hectare and 3% zhongshengmycin wettable powder 45 g/hectare are 68.1%, 72.2% and 74.7% respectively. The control effect of the test medicament 225 g/hectare and 262.5 g/hectare treatment areas is equivalent to that of three control medicament treatment areas, the difference is not significant, the control effect of the test medicament 300 g/hectare treatment areas is superior to that of the control medicament 25% bromothalonil wettable powder 225 g/hectare and 20% bromonitroalcohol wettable powder 210 g/hectare treatment areas, the difference respectively reaches 1% extremely significant level and 5% significant level, and the control effect of the control medicament 3% zhongshengmycin wettable powder 45 g/hectare treatment areas is equivalent to that of the control medicament 3% zhongshengmycin wettable powder, and the difference is not significant. (Table 3, attached Table 2).

Through field observation, during the test period, the plant height and the leaf color of the muskmelon in each treatment area are normal, no obvious phytotoxicity symptoms such as deformity and poor growth are caused, and no obvious harmful influence of the pesticide on other organisms is found.

5 conclusion

The test medicament 50% bromothalonil-bronopol wettable powder has better prevention and treatment effect on the muskmelon bacterial angular leaf spot, is safe to the muskmelon, has no obvious adverse effect on other organisms, and can be used for preventing and treating the muskmelon bacterial angular leaf spot.

The recommended field dosage of the test medicament 50% bromothalonil-bromonitrol wettable powder for preventing and controlling the bacterial angular leaf spot of the muskmelon is 300 g/ha of the active ingredient 225-.

(II) efficacy test of other bromothalonil and bronopol mixed preparation for preventing and treating bacterial angular leaf spot of melon

Experiments of Shaanxi Meibang pharmaceutical industry group member company Limited on other examples show good control effect, and the control effect is obviously better than that of a control single agent under the condition that the dosage is less than or equal to that of a control medicament.