阅读说明：本技术 一种基于弯曲十字介质谐振天线单元的宽角扫描相控阵 (Wide-angle scanning phased array based on bent cross-shaped dielectric resonant antenna unit ) 是由 刘宏梅 张铁林 王雪娇 张红晓 房少军 王钟葆 于 2021-07-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于弯曲十字介质谐振天线单元的宽角扫描相控阵,包括：弯曲十字介质谐振天线、开槽型弯曲金属地板、弯曲介质基板、L型弯曲馈电线和弯曲介质墙；该相控阵能够实现增益波动小的相位扫描,可以满足雷达系统的性能要求,因此该宽角扫描相控阵具有如下优点：整个天线结构的曲率半径相同,可共形在圆柱体等物体表面,具有低剖面的结构特点；通过采用具有高介电常数、低介质损耗的材料制做介质谐振器天线,使天线阵具有无表面波损耗、辐射效率高等特点；在天线单元之间开有截断矩形槽和弯曲介质墙,有效抑制了天线单元间的互耦效应,加大了相控阵天线的扫描角度。(The invention discloses a wide-angle scanning phased array based on a bent cross-shaped dielectric resonant antenna unit, which comprises: the antenna comprises a bent cross dielectric resonant antenna, a slotted bent metal floor, a bent dielectric substrate, an L-shaped bent feeder line and a bent dielectric wall; the phased array can realize phase scanning with small gain fluctuation, and can meet the performance requirement of a radar system, so that the wide-angle scanning phased array has the following advantages: the curvature radius of the whole antenna structure is the same, the antenna structure can be conformal on the surfaces of objects such as a cylinder and the like, and the antenna structure has the structural characteristic of low profile; by adopting the material with high dielectric constant and low dielectric loss to manufacture the dielectric resonator antenna, the antenna array has the characteristics of no surface wave loss, high radiation efficiency and the like; a truncated rectangular groove and a curved dielectric wall are arranged between the antenna units, so that the mutual coupling effect between the antenna units is effectively inhibited, and the scanning angle of the phased array antenna is increased.)

1. A wide-angle scanning phased array based on curved cross dielectric resonant antenna elements, comprising: the antenna comprises a curved cross dielectric resonant antenna (1), a slotted curved metal floor (2), a curved dielectric substrate (3), an L-shaped curved feeder line (4) and a curved dielectric wall (5);

the bent cross-shaped dielectric resonant antenna (1) comprises 8 bent cross-shaped dielectric resonant antenna units with the same size and spacing, and a first unit (11), a second unit (12), a third unit (13), a fourth unit (14), a fifth unit (15), a sixth unit (16), a seventh unit (17) and an eighth unit (18) are sequentially arranged from left to right;

the slotted type bent metal floor (2) is fixed on the upper surface of a bent medium substrate (3) and comprises 8 slot coupling grooves (21) with the same size and distance and 9 floor truncation rectangular grooves (22) with the same size and distance, wherein the 8 slot coupling grooves (21) comprise a first coupling groove (211), a second coupling groove (212), a third coupling groove (213), a fourth coupling groove (214), a fifth coupling groove (215), a sixth coupling groove (216), a seventh coupling groove (217) and an eighth coupling groove (218) which are sequentially arranged from left to right, the first coupling groove (211) is positioned under a first unit (11), the second coupling groove (212) is positioned under a second unit (12), the third coupling groove (213) is positioned under a third unit (13), and the fourth coupling groove (214) is positioned under a fourth unit (14), the fifth coupling groove (215) is positioned under the fifth unit (15), the sixth coupling groove (216) is positioned under the sixth unit (16), the seventh coupling groove (217) is positioned under the seventh unit (17), and the eighth coupling groove (218) is positioned under the eighth unit (18); the floor board cutting rectangular groove (22) comprises a first rectangular groove (221), a second rectangular groove (222), a third rectangular groove (223), a fourth rectangular groove (224), a fifth rectangular groove (225), a sixth rectangular groove (226), a seventh rectangular groove (227), an eighth rectangular groove (228) and a ninth rectangular groove (229) which are sequentially arranged from left to right, the first rectangular groove (221) is positioned on the left side of the first unit (11), the second rectangular groove (222) is positioned between the first unit (11) and the second unit (12), the third rectangular groove (223) is positioned between the second unit (12) and the third unit (13), the fourth rectangular groove (224) is positioned between the third unit (13) and the fourth unit (14), the fifth rectangular groove (225) is positioned between the fourth unit (14) and the fifth unit (15), and the sixth rectangular groove (226) is positioned between the fifth unit (15) and the sixth unit (16), a seventh rectangular groove (227) is located between the sixth unit (16) and the seventh unit (17), an eighth rectangular groove (228) is located between the seventh unit (17) and the eighth unit (18), and a ninth rectangular groove (229) is located on the right side of the eighth unit (18);

the L-shaped bent feeder line (4) is located on the lower surface of the bent dielectric substrate (3) and excites the bent cross dielectric resonant antenna (1) through the slot coupling slot (21).

2. The wide-angle scanning phased array of curved cross-dielectric resonator-based antenna elements of claim 1, wherein: the curved dielectric walls (5) comprise 9 dielectric walls with the same size and spacing, and a first dielectric wall (51), a second dielectric wall (52), a third dielectric wall (53), a fourth dielectric wall (54), a fifth dielectric wall (55), a sixth dielectric wall (56), a seventh dielectric wall (57), an eighth dielectric wall (58) and a ninth dielectric wall (59) are sequentially arranged from left to right; the first dielectric wall (51) is located right above the first rectangular slot (221), the second dielectric wall (52) is located right above the second rectangular slot (222), the third dielectric wall (53) is located right above the third rectangular slot (223), the fourth dielectric wall (54) is located right above the fourth rectangular slot (224), the fifth dielectric wall (55) is located right above the fifth rectangular slot (225), the sixth dielectric wall (56) is located right above the sixth rectangular slot (226), the seventh dielectric wall (57) is located right above the seventh rectangular slot (227), the eighth dielectric wall (58) is located right above the first rectangular slot (228), the ninth dielectric wall (59) is located right above the first rectangular slot (229), and the height of the curved dielectric wall (5) is the same as that of the curved cross dielectric resonator antenna (1).

3. The wide-angle scanning phased array of curved cross-dielectric resonator-based antenna elements of claim 1, wherein: the curved cross dielectric resonant antenna (1), the slotted curved metal floor (2), the curved dielectric substrate (3), the L-shaped curved feeder line (4) and the curved dielectric wall (5) have the same curvature radius, and the distance between the slot coupling slots (21) is 0.48 times of the corresponding wavelength of the working frequency; the distance between the floor cut-off rectangular grooves (22) is 0.48 times of the corresponding wavelength of the working frequency; the distance between the curved dielectric walls (5) is 0.48 times of the corresponding wavelength of the working frequency.

4. The wide-angle scanning phased array of curved cross-dielectric resonator-based antenna elements of claim 1, wherein: the curvature of the curved cross-shaped dielectric resonant antenna (1) is 0.05; the curved cross-shaped dielectric resonant antennas (1) are sequentially arranged along the wider direction of the half-power beam.

5. The wide-angle scanning phased array of curved cross-dielectric resonator-based antenna elements of claim 1, wherein: the mutual coupling effect among the units of the curved cross dielectric resonant antenna (1) is reduced by adjusting the height of the curved dielectric wall (5).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of phased array antennas, in particular to a wide-angle scanning phased array based on a curved cross-shaped dielectric resonant antenna unit.

Background

With the continuous development of radar technology, people put higher demands on the performance of mobile communication systems. In order to realize the positioning function required by the radar technology, a phased array system radar with flexibly scanned antenna beams is produced, but the application occasions of the phased array system radar are limited due to the defects that a microstrip antenna has large metal ohmic loss when working in a high-frequency band, strong mutual coupling effect exists among antenna units and the like. The dielectric resonator antenna has the characteristics of no surface wave, high radiation efficiency, various shapes, easy application to various occasions and the like, and has good prospect in the aspect of designing high-frequency-band miniaturized array antennas. The existing wide-angle scanning phased array generally needs to be subjected to complex planar array unit design and decoupling measure design, has no characteristics of simplicity, designability and the like, and limits the application of the existing wide-angle scanning phased array in the field of radar systems.

Disclosure of Invention

According to the problems in the prior art, the invention discloses a wide-angle scanning phased array based on a bent cross-shaped dielectric resonant antenna unit, which comprises the following specific schemes: the antenna comprises a bent cross dielectric resonant antenna, a slotted bent metal floor, a bent dielectric substrate, an L-shaped bent feeder line and a bent dielectric wall;

the bent cross-shaped dielectric resonant antenna comprises 8 bent cross-shaped dielectric resonant antenna units with the same size and the same distance, and a first unit, a second unit, a third unit, a fourth unit, a fifth unit, a sixth unit, a seventh unit and an eighth unit are sequentially arranged from left to right;

the slotted type bent metal floor is fixed on the upper surface of a bent medium substrate and comprises 8 slot coupling grooves with the same size and distance and 9 floor cut rectangular grooves with the same size and distance, wherein the 8 slot coupling grooves comprise a first coupling groove, a second coupling groove, a third coupling groove, a fourth coupling groove, a fifth coupling groove, a sixth coupling groove, a seventh coupling groove and an eighth coupling groove which are sequentially arranged from left to right; the floor board intercepting rectangular grooves comprise a first rectangular groove, a second rectangular groove, a third rectangular groove, a fourth rectangular groove, a fifth rectangular groove, a sixth rectangular groove, a seventh rectangular groove, an eighth rectangular groove and a ninth rectangular groove which are sequentially arranged from left to right, wherein the first rectangular groove is positioned on the left side of the first unit, the second rectangular groove is positioned between the first unit and the second unit, the third rectangular groove is positioned between the second unit and the third unit, the fourth rectangular groove is positioned between the third unit and the fourth unit, the fifth rectangular groove is positioned between the fourth unit and the fifth unit, the sixth rectangular groove is positioned between the fifth unit and the sixth unit, the seventh rectangular groove is positioned between the sixth unit and the seventh unit, the eighth rectangular groove is positioned between the seventh unit and the eighth unit, and the ninth rectangular groove is positioned on the right side of the eighth unit;

the L-shaped bent feeder line is positioned on the lower surface of the bent dielectric substrate and excites the bent cross dielectric resonant antenna through the slot coupling slot.

The curved dielectric walls comprise 9 dielectric walls with the same size and spacing, and a first dielectric wall, a second dielectric wall, a third dielectric wall, a fourth dielectric wall, a fifth dielectric wall, a sixth dielectric wall, a seventh dielectric wall, an eighth dielectric wall and a ninth dielectric wall are sequentially arranged from left to right; the first dielectric wall is located right above the first rectangular groove, the second dielectric wall is located right above the second rectangular groove, the third dielectric wall is located right above the third rectangular groove, the fourth dielectric wall is located right above the fourth rectangular groove, the fifth dielectric wall is located right above the fifth rectangular groove, the sixth dielectric wall is located right above the sixth rectangular groove, the seventh dielectric wall is located right above the seventh rectangular groove, the eighth dielectric wall is located right above the first rectangular groove, the ninth dielectric wall is located right above the first rectangular groove, and the height of the bent dielectric wall is the same as that of the bent cross-shaped dielectric resonant antenna.

The curved cross dielectric resonant antenna, the slotted curved metal floor, the curved dielectric substrate, the L-shaped curved feeder line and the curved dielectric wall have the same curvature radius, and the gap coupling slot interval is 0.48 times of the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency; the distance between the floor cut-off rectangular grooves is 0.48 times of the corresponding wavelength of the working frequency; the distance between the curved dielectric walls is 0.48 times of the corresponding wavelength of the working frequency.

The curvature of the curved cross-shaped dielectric resonant antenna is 0.05; the curved cross-shaped dielectric resonant antennas are sequentially arranged along the wider direction of the half-power beam.

The mutual coupling effect among the units of the bent cross dielectric resonant antenna is reduced by adjusting the height of the bent dielectric wall.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the wide-angle scanning phased array based on the bent cross-shaped dielectric resonant antenna unit can realize phase scanning with small gain fluctuation and can meet the performance requirement of a radar system, and therefore, the wide-angle scanning phased array has the following advantages: the curvature radius of the whole antenna structure is the same, the antenna structure can be conformal on the surfaces of objects such as a cylinder and the like, and the antenna structure has the structural characteristic of low profile; by adopting the material with high dielectric constant and low dielectric loss to manufacture the dielectric resonator antenna, the antenna array has the characteristics of no surface wave loss, high radiation efficiency and the like; a cut-off rectangular groove and a curved dielectric wall are arranged between the antenna units, so that the mutual coupling effect between the antenna units is effectively inhibited, and the scanning angle of the phased array antenna is increased; by combining a plurality of bent cross-shaped dielectric resonant antenna units with wide half-power beam width, the antenna array can realize a wide scanning angle and small gain fluctuation. In conclusion, the antenna array structure has the characteristics of simple structure, low section, high scanning angle, low gain fluctuation and the like, and is very suitable for the application occasions of radar systems.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a structural top view of a wide-angle scanning phased array based on a curved cross dielectric resonant antenna unit.

Fig. 2 is a structural side view of a wide-angle scanning phased array based on a curved cross dielectric resonant antenna unit.

Fig. 3 is a structural front view of a wide-angle scanning phased array based on a curved cross dielectric resonant antenna unit.

Fig. 4 is a port matching graph of an example of a wide-angle scanning phased array based on a curved cross-shaped dielectric resonant antenna unit according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is an isolation performance curve of an example of a wide-angle scanning phased array based on curved cross-dielectric resonant antenna elements according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a graph showing the gain variation of the curved cross-shaped dielectric resonator antenna according to the present invention in the E-plane (phi is 0 degrees) of the frequency band at and around the central operating frequency of 5.8 GHz.

Fig. 7 is a graph of the gain achievable by the E-plane (phi 0 degrees) angular sweep of an example of a curved cross-dielectric resonant antenna of the present invention at a center operating frequency of 5.8 GHz.

In the figure: 1. a curved cross dielectric resonant antenna, 11, a first unit, 12, a second unit, 13, a third unit, 14, a fourth unit, 15, a fifth unit, 16, a sixth unit, 17, a seventh unit, 18, an eighth unit, 2, a slot-type curved metal floor, 211, a first coupling slot, 212, a second coupling slot, 213, a third coupling slot, 214, a fourth coupling slot, 215, a fifth coupling slot, 216, a sixth coupling slot, 217, a seventh coupling slot, 218, an eighth coupling slot, 221, a first rectangular slot, 222, a second rectangular slot, 223, a third rectangular slot, 224, a fourth rectangular slot, 225, a fifth rectangular slot, 226, a sixth rectangular slot, 227, a seventh rectangular slot, 228, an eighth rectangular slot, 229, a ninth rectangular slot, 3, a curved dielectric substrate, 4, an L-shaped bend, 41, a first power supply line, 42, a second power supply line, 43, a third power supply line, 44. the feeder includes a fourth feeder, 45, a fifth feeder, 46, a sixth feeder, 47, a seventh feeder, 48, an eighth feeder, 5, a curved dielectric wall, 51, a first dielectric wall, 52, a second dielectric wall, 53, a third dielectric wall, 54, a fourth dielectric wall, 55, a fifth dielectric wall, 56, a sixth dielectric wall, 57, a seventh dielectric wall, 58, an eighth dielectric wall, 59, and a ninth dielectric wall.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention:

a wide-angle scanning phased array based on a bent cross dielectric resonant antenna unit shown in FIG. 1 comprises a bent cross dielectric resonant antenna 1, a slotted bent metal floor 2, a bent dielectric substrate 3, an L-shaped bent feeder line 4 and a bent dielectric wall 5. The curved cross dielectric resonant antenna 1 comprises a first unit 11, a second unit 12, a third unit 13, a fourth unit 14, a fifth unit 15, a sixth unit 16, a seventh unit 17 and an eighth unit 18, wherein each unit is formed by vertically placing two cuboid bodies with the length, width and height of 8.5mm, 19mm and 5mm respectively, and the shape is helpful for widening the half-power beam width of the unit antenna; the slot-type curved metal flooring 2 includes a slot coupling groove 21 and a truncated rectangular groove 22, which are, from left to right, a first coupling groove 211, a second coupling groove 212, a third coupling groove 213, a fourth coupling groove 214, a fifth coupling groove 215, a sixth coupling groove 216, a seventh coupling groove 217 and an eighth coupling groove 218, and a first rectangular groove 221, a second rectangular groove 222, a third rectangular groove 223, a fourth rectangular groove 224, a fifth rectangular groove 225, a sixth rectangular groove 226, a seventh rectangular groove 227, an eighth rectangular groove 228 and a ninth rectangular groove 229, respectively, wherein the first coupling groove 211 is located right under the first unit 11, the second coupling groove 212 is located right under the second unit 12, the third coupling groove 213 is located right under the third unit 13, the fourth coupling groove 214 is located right under the fourth unit 14, the fifth coupling groove 215 is located right under the fifth unit 15, the sixth coupling groove 216 is located right under the sixth unit 16, A seventh coupling slot 217 is located directly below the seventh element 17, an eighth coupling slot 218 is located directly below the eighth element 18, while a first rectangular slot 221 is located at the left side of the first element 11, a second rectangular slot 222 is located between the first element 11 and the second element 12, a third rectangular slot 223 is located between the second element 12 and the third element 13, a fourth rectangular slot 224 is located between the third element 13 and the fourth element 14, a fifth rectangular slot 225 is located between the fourth element 14 and the fifth element 15, a sixth rectangular slot 226 is located between the fifth element 15 and the sixth element 16, a seventh rectangular slot 227 is located between the sixth element 16 and the seventh element 17, an eighth rectangular slot 228 is located between the seventh element 17 and the eighth element 18, and a ninth rectangular slot 229 is located at the right side of the eighth element 18, wherein the coupling slots are used for the L-shaped bent feed line 4 to excite the directly above elements, while the cross-coupling effect between the antennas is reduced, the scanning angle of the antenna is improved; the L-shaped bent power feeding line 4 is divided into a first power feeding line 41, a second power feeding line 42, a third power feeding line 43, a fourth power feeding line 44, a fifth power feeding line 45, a sixth power feeding line 46, a seventh power feeding line 47, and an eighth power feeding line 48, which are all located on the lower surface of the bent dielectric substrate 3; the curved medium wall 5 is divided into a first medium wall 51, a second medium wall 52, a third medium wall 53, a fourth medium wall 54, a fifth medium wall 55, a sixth medium wall 56, a seventh medium wall 57, an eighth medium wall 58 and a ninth medium wall 59, wherein the first medium wall 51 is located centrally directly above the first rectangular groove 221, the second medium wall 52 is located centrally directly above the second rectangular groove 222, the third medium wall 53 is located centrally directly above the third rectangular groove 223, the fourth medium wall 54 is located centrally directly above the fourth rectangular groove 224, the fifth medium wall 55 is located centrally directly above the fifth rectangular groove 225, the sixth medium wall 56 is located centrally directly above the sixth rectangular groove 226, the seventh medium wall 57 is located centrally above the seventh rectangular groove 227, the eighth medium wall 58 is located centrally above the first rectangular groove 228, the ninth medium wall 59 is located centrally above the first rectangular groove 229, and the height of the curved dielectric wall 5 is related to the scanning angle of the array, and the height selected herein is the same as that of the curved cross dielectric resonator antenna 1.

The technical indexes adopted by the invention are as follows:

center frequency: 5.8GHz

Return loss of each port: >15dB

Polarization mode: linear polarization

Scanning angle: 70 degree

Gain fluctuation: < 2dBi

The wide-angle scanning phased array based on the bent cross dielectric resonant antenna units is shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the bent cross dielectric resonant antenna 1 comprises 8 bent cross dielectric resonant antenna units with the same size and the same distance, and a first unit 11, a second unit 12, a third unit 13, a fourth unit 14, a fifth unit 15, a sixth unit 16, a seventh unit 17 and an eighth unit 18 are respectively arranged from left to right. A slot coupling slot 21 and a floor-step rectangular slot 22, which are respectively divided into a first coupling slot 211, a second coupling slot 212, a third coupling slot 213, a fourth coupling slot 214, a fifth coupling slot 215, a sixth coupling slot 216, a seventh coupling slot 217 and an eighth coupling slot 218, and a first rectangular slot 221, a second rectangular slot 222, a third rectangular slot 223, a fourth rectangular slot 224, a fifth rectangular slot 225, a sixth rectangular slot 226, a seventh rectangular slot 227, an eighth rectangular slot 228 and a ninth rectangular slot 229, are formed in the slot-type curved metal floor 2, wherein the slot coupling slot can be excited by an L-shaped curved feeder line to operate the antenna, and the floor blocks the rectangular slot and the curved dielectric wall 5 to reduce mutual coupling effect between the antenna elements. And the antenna units of the wide-angle scanning phased array of the bent cross-shaped dielectric resonant antenna are made of low dielectric loss materials with the dielectric constant of 10, the coupling mode among the antenna units is space wave coupling, and the attenuation of the coupling mode is fast along with the increase of the distance, so that the mutual coupling effect among the antenna units is restrained to a certain extent. Meanwhile, the phased array adopts the bent cross-shaped dielectric resonance antenna unit with wider half-power beam width as a unit antenna, and the array is formed according to the direction with wider half-power beam width, so that wide-angle scanning and smaller gain fluctuation can be realized on the surface.

As shown in fig. 4, the active S parameter of the wide-angle scanning phased array based on the curved cross-shaped dielectric resonant antenna unit at and in a frequency band near an exemplary center frequency of 5.8GHz is less than-15 dB, which indicates that the antenna provided by the present invention has a better matching performance.

As shown in fig. 5, the wide-angle scanning phased array based on the bent cross-shaped dielectric resonant antenna unit provided by the invention has the advantages that the isolation (taking the second unit 12 as an example) between the units at the exemplary center frequency of 5.8GHz is less than-15 dB, and the isolation performance is better.

As shown in fig. 6, the wide-angle scanning phased array based on the curved cross-shaped dielectric resonant antenna unit according to the present invention can achieve gain in the E-plane (phi ═ 0 degrees) of the frequency band at and near the exemplary center frequency of 5.8GHz, and it can be seen that the gain of the antenna is stable in the vicinity of the frequency band.

As shown in fig. 7, the wide-angle scanning phased array based on the bent cross-shaped dielectric resonant antenna unit can realize an angle scanning of ± 70 degrees (Theta is from-70 degrees to 70 degrees) at an example center frequency of 5.8GHz (phi is 0 degrees), and the gain fluctuation of the wide-angle scanning phased array is less than 2dBi, which shows that the wide-angle scanning of the antenna array can be realized, and the gain fluctuation of the wide-angle scanning is small.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.