阅读说明：本技术 一种基坑施工的现场安全防护装置 (On-spot safety device of foundation ditch construction ) 是由 翟彦军 左新卫 崔军杰 刘恩锋 王俊卿 刘琳 张建成 李�杰 郭文倩 王真 邓小 于 2021-10-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及支护转置领域,具体涉及一种基坑施工的现场安全防护装置。下固定板水平设置于基坑上方的地面,上固定板水平设置于下固定板的上方。铰接杆的上端和上固定板铰接,下端与下固定板铰接,固定插杆用于固定下支撑板的位置；防护机构包括上防护板、下防护板和防护倒钩。上防护板上端和上固定板固接,用于和基坑壁相接触。下防护板上端可滑动地插入插接槽内。插接槽内设有拉簧,且位于上防护板和下防护板之间,拉簧的上端固接与上防护板,下端固接于下防护板,以在下防护板在重力的作用下向下滑动时,带动拉簧拉伸蓄力,进而带动上固定板向下移动,通过铰接杆使上防护板和下防护板对基坑壁的压力提升,进而增强防护效果。(The invention relates to the field of support transposition, in particular to a field safety protection device for foundation pit construction. The lower fixed plate is horizontally arranged on the ground above the foundation pit, and the upper fixed plate is horizontally arranged above the lower fixed plate. The upper end of the hinge rod is hinged with the upper fixing plate, the lower end of the hinge rod is hinged with the lower fixing plate, and the fixed inserted rod is used for fixing the position of the lower supporting plate; the protection mechanism comprises an upper protection plate, a lower protection plate and a protection barb. The upper end of the upper protection plate is fixedly connected with the upper fixing plate and is used for being contacted with the foundation pit wall. The upper end of the lower protection plate can be slidably inserted into the insertion groove. Be equipped with the extension spring in the inserting groove, and be located between upper shield and the lower guard plate, the upper end rigid coupling and the upper shield of extension spring, lower extreme rigid coupling in guard plate down to when the guard plate slided downwards under the effect of gravity, drive the extension spring and stretch and hold power, and then drive the up-fixing board and move down, make upper shield and lower guard plate promote the pressure of basic hole wall through the hinge bar, and then reinforcing protecting effect.)

1. The utility model provides a site safety device of foundation ditch construction which characterized in that: comprises a plurality of fixed protection mechanisms; each fixed guard mechanism further comprises:

the fixing mechanism comprises an upper fixing plate, a lower fixing plate, a fixing inserted bar and a plurality of hinged bars; the lower fixing plate is horizontally arranged on the ground above the foundation pit; the upper fixing plate is horizontally arranged above the lower fixing plate; the hinge rod is vertically arranged, the upper end of the hinge rod is hinged with the upper fixing plate, the lower end of the hinge rod is hinged with the lower fixing plate, and the upper end of the hinge rod in an initial state inclines towards the direction far away from the foundation pit, so that when the upper fixing plate is pressed downwards, the upper fixing plate is driven by the hinge rod to move towards the inclined side of the hinge rod in a horizontal state; the upper end of the fixed inserted link is fixed on the lower fixed plate, and the lower end extends downwards and is inserted into the ground;

the protection mechanism comprises an upper protection plate and a lower protection plate; the upper protection plate is vertically arranged, the upper end of the upper protection plate is fixedly connected with the upper fixing plate, and the bottom surface of the upper protection plate extends upwards to form an inserting groove; the lower protection plate is vertically arranged, the upper end of the lower protection plate is slidably inserted into the insertion groove, a tension spring is arranged in the insertion groove, the upper end of the tension spring is fixedly connected with the upper protection plate, and the lower end of the tension spring is fixedly connected with the lower protection plate; go up guard plate and lower guard plate and all be used for contacting with the foundation ditch wall to when the one side of at the last fixed plate to the hinge bar slope removed, go up the pressure increase of guard plate and lower guard plate to the foundation ditch wall, when the foundation ditch wall appears collapsing, fixed establishment makes and goes up guard plate and lower guard plate and keep vertical state and to removing to the one side of keeping away from the foundation ditch wall.

2. The on-site safety protection device for foundation pit construction according to claim 1, wherein:

the protection mechanism also comprises a protection barb; the protective barb comprises an inclined plate and a hook plate; the upper end of the inclined plate is slidably arranged on the lower surface of the lower protection plate along the horizontal direction, the upper end of the inclined plate is positioned on one side, close to the foundation pit wall, of the lower surface of the lower protection plate, and the lower end of the inclined plate is positioned on one side far away from the foundation pit wall; the hook plate is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the foundation pit, and the lower surface of the hook plate is provided with an inserting rod which is used for being inserted into the bottom of the foundation pit; the hook plate is positioned on one side of the inclined plate close to the foundation pit wall and is fixedly connected with the lower end of the inclined plate.

3. The on-site safety protection device for foundation pit construction according to claim 2, wherein:

and a limiting plate vertically extends downwards from one side of the lower protection plate, which is far away from the wall of the foundation pit, and is used for contacting with the inclined plate in an initial state.

4. The on-site safety protection device for foundation pit construction according to claim 3, wherein:

the lower surface of the lower protection plate is provided with a slide rail, the slide rail is horizontally arranged, and one end of the slide rail is fixed on the limiting plate; the upper end of the inclined plate is provided with a slide rail connecting rod; the slide rail connecting rod is horizontally arranged, fixed at the upper end of the inclined plate and slidably arranged on the slide rail, and the initial state of the slide rail connecting rod is positioned at one end of the slide rail close to the foundation pit wall.

5. The on-site safety protection device for foundation pit construction according to claim 4, wherein:

a plurality of elastic telescopic rods are uniformly distributed on the slide rail connecting rod; one end of the elastic telescopic rod is hinged to the slide rail connecting rod, the other end of the elastic telescopic rod is fixed on the limiting plate, and the elastic telescopic rod is used for applying elastic force towards the direction of the foundation pit wall to the slide rail connecting rod.

6. The on-site safety protection device for foundation pit construction according to claim 1, wherein:

an interlayer baffle is arranged between two adjacent protection mechanisms; the side wall of the vertical edge of each lower protection plate is provided with an installation baffle; the interlayer baffle can be arranged on the two adjacent mounting baffles in a sliding mode, a blocking and pulling mechanism is arranged between the interlayer baffle and the mounting baffles, the blocking and pulling mechanism is used for enabling the interlayer baffle to be in contact with the foundation pit wall when the foundation pit wall corresponding to one adjacent protection mechanism collapses, and the interlayer baffle moves towards one side far away from the foundation pit wall when the foundation pit wall corresponding to the two adjacent protection mechanisms collapses.

7. The on-site safety protection device for foundation pit construction according to claim 6, wherein:

the mounting baffle comprises a side baffle and a bottom baffle; the side baffle is vertically arranged and fixed on the side wall of the vertical edge of the lower protection plate; the bottom baffle is horizontally arranged and fixed at the lower end of the side baffle, and the interlayer baffle is slidably arranged on the bottom baffle; the blocking and pulling mechanism is arranged between the side baffle and the interlayer baffle.

8. The on-site safety protection device for foundation pit construction according to claim 7, wherein:

the blocking and pulling mechanism comprises a blocking rod and a pulling spring; the interlayer baffle is divided into a thin plate and a thick plate; the thin plate is positioned above the thick plate, and the lower surface of the thin plate is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the thick plate; the blocking rod is horizontally arranged, is contacted with the upper surface of the thick plate and is fixedly connected with the side baffle; a spring fixing plate is arranged on one side of the thin plate close to the wall of the foundation pit; one end of the pulling spring is fixed on the spring fixing plate, and the other end of the pulling spring is fixed on the side baffle.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of supporting devices, in particular to a field safety protection device for foundation pit construction.

Background

The foundation pit is a soil pit excavated at the design position of the foundation according to the elevation of the foundation and the plane size of the foundation. Before excavation, an excavation scheme is determined according to geological and hydrological data and the conditions of buildings nearby the site, and waterproof drainage work is performed. The persons with low excavation depth can use the method of putting side slope to make the earth slope stable, and the size of the slope is determined according to the relevant construction project. When a deeper and adjacent building is excavated, the foundation pit wall can be protected from collapse by using a foundation pit wall supporting method and a concrete spraying wall protecting method.

In the process of reinforcing the foundation pit wall by adopting a foundation pit supporting method, the existing supporting device is supported by a fixed type, and the supporting mode can hardly generate effective pressure on the foundation pit wall, so that the protection effect on the foundation pit wall is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a field safety protection device for foundation pit construction, which aims to solve the problem of poor protection effect of the existing device.

The invention relates to a field safety protection device for foundation pit construction, which adopts the following technical scheme:

a field safety protection device for foundation pit construction comprises a plurality of fixed protection mechanisms; each fixed protection mechanism further comprises a fixing mechanism and a protection mechanism. The fixing mechanism comprises an upper fixing plate, a lower fixing plate, a fixing inserted bar and a plurality of hinged bars; the lower fixing plate is horizontally arranged on the ground above the foundation pit; the upper fixing plate is horizontally arranged above the lower fixing plate; the hinge rod is vertically arranged, the upper end of the hinge rod is hinged with the upper fixing plate, the lower end of the hinge rod is hinged with the lower fixing plate, and the upper end of the hinge rod in an initial state inclines towards the direction far away from the foundation pit so as to move towards the inclined side of the hinge rod under the driving of the hinge rod when the upper fixing plate is pressed downwards; the upper end of the fixed inserted link is fixed on the lower fixed plate, and the lower end extends downwards and is inserted into the ground; the protection mechanism comprises an upper protection plate and a lower protection plate; the upper protection plate is vertically arranged, the upper end of the upper protection plate is fixedly connected with the upper fixing plate, and the bottom surface of the upper protection plate extends upwards to form an inserting groove; the lower protection plate is vertically arranged, the upper end of the lower protection plate is slidably inserted into the insertion groove, a tension spring is arranged in the insertion groove, the upper end of the tension spring is fixedly connected with the upper protection plate, and the lower end of the tension spring is fixedly connected with the lower protection plate; go up guard plate and lower guard plate and all be used for contacting with the foundation ditch wall to when the one side of at the last fixed plate to the hinge bar slope removed, go up the pressure increase of guard plate and lower guard plate to the foundation ditch wall, when the foundation ditch wall appears collapsing, fixed establishment makes and goes up guard plate and lower guard plate and keep vertical state and to removing to the one side of keeping away from the foundation ditch wall.

Further, the protection mechanism also comprises a protection barb; the protective barb comprises an inclined plate and a hook plate; the upper end of the inclined plate is slidably arranged on the lower surface of the lower protection plate along the horizontal direction, the upper end of the inclined plate is positioned on one side, close to the foundation pit wall, of the lower surface of the lower protection plate, and the lower end of the inclined plate is positioned on one side far away from the foundation pit wall; the hook plate is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the foundation pit, and the lower surface of the hook plate is provided with an inserting rod which is used for being inserted into the bottom of the foundation pit; the hook plate is positioned on one side of the inclined plate close to the foundation pit wall and is fixedly connected with the lower end of the inclined plate.

Further, a limiting plate vertically extends downwards from one side, far away from the foundation pit wall, of the lower protection plate, and is used for being in contact with the inclined plate in an initial state.

Furthermore, a sliding rail is arranged on the lower surface of the lower protection plate, the sliding rail is horizontally arranged, and one end of the sliding rail is fixed on the limiting plate; the upper end of the inclined plate is provided with a slide rail connecting rod; the slide rail connecting rod is horizontally arranged, fixed at the upper end of the inclined plate and slidably arranged on the slide rail, and the initial state of the slide rail connecting rod is positioned at one end of the slide rail close to the foundation pit wall.

Furthermore, a plurality of elastic telescopic rods are uniformly distributed on the slide rail connecting rod; one end of the elastic telescopic rod is hinged to the slide rail connecting rod, the other end of the elastic telescopic rod is fixed on the limiting plate, and the elastic telescopic rod is used for applying thrust towards the direction of the foundation pit wall to the slide rail connecting rod.

Furthermore, an interlayer baffle is arranged between two adjacent protection mechanisms; the side wall of the vertical edge of each lower protection plate is provided with an installation baffle; the interlayer baffle can be arranged on the two adjacent mounting baffles in a sliding mode, a blocking and pulling mechanism is arranged between the interlayer baffle and the mounting baffles, the blocking and pulling mechanism is used for enabling the interlayer baffle to be in contact with the foundation pit wall when the foundation pit wall corresponding to one adjacent protection mechanism collapses, and the interlayer baffle moves towards one side far away from the foundation pit wall when the foundation pit wall corresponding to the two adjacent protection mechanisms collapses.

Further, the mounting baffle comprises a side baffle and a bottom baffle; the side baffle is vertically arranged and fixed on the side wall of the vertical edge of the lower protection plate; the bottom baffle is horizontally arranged and fixed at the lower end of the side baffle, and the interlayer baffle is slidably arranged on the bottom baffle; the blocking and pulling mechanism is arranged between the side baffle and the interlayer baffle.

Further, the blocking and pulling mechanism comprises a blocking rod and a pulling spring; the interlayer baffle is divided into a thin plate and a thick plate; the thin plate is positioned above the thick plate, and the lower surface of the thin plate is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the thick plate; the blocking rod is horizontally arranged, is contacted with the upper surface of the thick plate and is fixedly connected with the side baffle; a spring fixing plate is arranged on one side of the thin plate close to the wall of the foundation pit; one end of the pulling spring is fixed on the spring fixing plate, and the other end of the pulling spring is fixed on the side baffle.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the on-site safety protection device for foundation pit construction, the plurality of fixed protection mechanisms are arranged, each fixed protection mechanism further comprises a fixed mechanism and a protection mechanism, the upper protection plate moves downwards under the influence of gravity, the upper protection plate is driven to move downwards through the tension spring, and then the upper fixing plate is pressed downwards, so that the pressure of the upper protection plate and the lower protection plate on the foundation pit wall is enhanced, and the effect of enhancing the foundation pit protection is achieved. When the foundation pit wall collapses, go up the guard plate or the guard plate receives the thrust to keeping away from foundation pit wall one side down, make and go up the guard plate and remove to one side of keeping away from the foundation pit wall, drive the upper fixed plate simultaneously and remove to one side of keeping away from the foundation pit wall, because the setting up of a plurality of hinge bars makes the dead lever keep the horizontal position state, and then make and go up the guard plate and keep vertical state with guard plate down when keeping away from the foundation pit wall, in order to prevent to go up the guard plate and guard plate down and take place the slope, further strengthen the security of foundation pit protecting effect and construction.

Furthermore, each fixed protection mechanism protection barb is arranged, the position of the approximate position of the foundation pit wall collapse is judged according to the position of the slide rail connecting rod on the slide rail, and further a more specific implementation scheme can be provided when the collapse position of the foundation pit is reinforced.

Further, due to the arrangement of interlayer baffles of two adjacent fixed protection mechanisms, when one adjacent protection mechanism collapses, the interlayer baffles prevent soil blocks at the collapse part from moving to the protection mechanism at the non-collapse part, so that the stability of the protection mechanism is enhanced. When the foundation pits corresponding to the two adjacent protection mechanisms collapse, the interlayer baffle moves to one side far away from the foundation pit wall, so that the clods between the collapse can flow in the two adjacent protection mechanisms, and the stress balance is ensured.

Further, in the process of coping with the collapse deformation, if the adjacent protection mechanisms collapse, the interlayer baffle plate cannot move to the side far away from the foundation pit wall when the protection mechanisms start to act, and the interlayer baffle plate moves to the side far away from the foundation pit wall when the protection mechanisms collapse to the position where the interlayer baffle plate falls to the position where the blocking rod cannot push the interlayer baffle plate any more. The process does not influence the pre-buried position of the protection barb determined by the collapse position in the collapse process of the protection mechanism so as to ensure the absorption of the collapse energy. When the protection mechanism is not influenced to collapse to the position of the adjacent protection mechanism, the clods between the collapses can flow in the two adjacent protection mechanisms so as to ensure the uniform distribution of the collapse pressure. So as to balance the impact of collapse in two dimensions (one dimension: the gravitational potential energy of collapsed soil when collapsing; and the second dimension: the gravity of collapsed soil after collapse is completed), and the structural stability of the guard plate is stronger.

Further, if the collapse position is higher, the embedded depth of the protection barb is increased, so that a part of collapse impact is absorbed through the gravitational potential energy of the collapse soil, and if the collapse position is higher, the embedded depth of the protection barb is reduced, so that a part of collapse impact is absorbed through the gravitational potential energy of the collapse soil. The protection barb can be dug out easily after the collapse, and meanwhile, the impact caused by the collapse can be reasonably absorbed.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an on-site safety protection device for foundation pit construction according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of an embodiment of an in situ safety shield apparatus for foundation pit construction according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the on-site safety device for foundation pit construction according to the present invention when the collapse position is high;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the on-site safety device for foundation pit construction according to the present invention, when the collapse position is low;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a protection barb of an embodiment of the on-site safety device for foundation pit construction of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing mechanism of an embodiment of the on-site safety protection device for foundation pit construction according to the invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a lower protection plate of an embodiment of the on-site safety protection device for foundation pit construction of the invention;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 8 at A;

FIG. 10 is a left side view of an embodiment of the in situ safety shield apparatus of the present invention in a foundation pit construction;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 10 at B;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a partial structure of an interlayer baffle plate of an embodiment of the on-site safety protection device for foundation pit construction according to the invention;

in the figure: 11. an upper protection plate; 12. a lower guard plate; 122. a side baffle; 123. a slide rail; 124. a bottom baffle; 125. a blocking lever; 13. an upper fixing plate; 14. a hinged lever; 15. fixing the inserted rod; 16. a lower fixing plate; 17. a protective barb; 171. a sloping plate; 172. a hook plate; 173. an elastic telescopic rod; 174. a slide rail connecting rod; 18. fixing the connecting seat; 19. an interlayer baffle; 191. a thin plate; 192. thick plate; 193. pulling the spring; 194. a spring fixing plate; 20. and a limiting plate.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

An embodiment of the on-site safety protection device for foundation pit construction of the invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 10, includes a plurality of fixed protection mechanisms; each fixed protection mechanism further comprises a fixing mechanism and a protection mechanism. The fixing mechanism includes an upper fixing plate 13, a lower fixing plate 16, a fixing insert rod 15, and a plurality of hinge rods 14. The lower fixing plate 16 is rectangular plate-shaped, and the lower fixing plate 16 is horizontally arranged on the ground above the foundation pit. The upper fixing plate 13 and the lower fixing plate 16 have the same structure, and the upper top fixing plate is horizontally arranged above the lower fixing plate 16. A plurality of hinged rods 14 equipartition are between upper fixed plate 13 and bottom plate 16, and hinged rods 14 is vertical to be set up, and the upper end is to the direction slope of keeping away from the foundation ditch, and hinged rods 14's upper end and upper fixed plate 13 are articulated, and the lower extreme is articulated with bottom plate 16, and the articulated shaft is parallel with the foundation ditch wall to when upper fixed plate 13 receives decurrent pressure, upper fixed plate 13 is to being close to foundation ditch wall one side and is pursued the tie and move for bottom plate 16. The upper end of the fixed inserting rod 15 is fixed on the lower fixing plate 16, the lower end extends downwards and is inserted into the ground, the position of the fixed lower supporting plate is used for fixing the lower fixing plate 16 and the ground, particularly, the lower fixing plate 16 is provided with a fixed connecting seat 18, and the fixed inserting rod 15 and the fixed connecting seat 18 are fixedly connected through a nut to adjust the length of the fixed inserting rod 15 in a square manner. The protection mechanism comprises an upper protection plate 11, a lower protection plate 12 and a protection barb 17. Go up the vertical setting of guard plate 11, upper end and 13 rigid couplings of upper fixed plate, it contacts with the foundation ditch wall to go up guard plate 11, in order when collapsing appear at the foundation ditch wall, upper fixed plate 13 makes upper guard plate 11 keep vertical state to one side removal of keeping away from the foundation ditch wall, and then prevent that upper guard plate 11 from when receiving the extrusion force that collapses, take place the slope, when upper fixed plate 13 removes to one side that is close to the foundation ditch wall, can drive the pressure grow of guard plate 11 to the foundation ditch wall, go up 11 bottom surfaces of guard plate and upwards extend the inserting groove. Lower guard plate 12 is vertical to be set up, and the upper end slidable inserts the inserting groove mutually, and lower guard plate 12 and foundation ditch wall contact insert the foundation ditch of the different degree of depth in order to adapt to with the inserting groove slidable. Be equipped with the extension spring in the inserting groove, and be located between upper shield plate 11 and the lower shield plate 12, the upper end rigid coupling and the last shield plate 11 of extension spring, lower extreme rigid coupling in lower shield plate 12 to when lower shield plate 12 slides down under the effect of gravity, drive the tensile power of holding of extension spring, it is specific, the quality of lower shield plate 12 is great, the quality of other parts is lighter, when in order that lower shield plate 12 receives gravity downstream, the extension spring is stretched, and through the extension spring more go up 11 decurrent pulling forces of shield plate. The protective barb 17 includes an inclined plate 171 and a hook plate 172; the upper end of the inclined plate 171 is slidably installed on the lower surface of the lower guard plate 12 in the horizontal direction, and the upper end of the inclined plate 171 is located on one side of the lower surface of the lower guard plate 12 close to the foundation pit wall, and the lower end is located on one side far away from the foundation pit wall; hook plate 172 level sets up in the foundation ditch bottom, and hook plate 172 lower surface is equipped with the inserted bar, and the inserted bar is used for inserting the foundation ditch bottom, plays the fixed action to protection barb 17, prevents that all the other foundation ditch bottoms from taking place to skid. The hook plate 172 is located on a side of the inclined plate 171 close to the basement wall, and is fixed to a lower end of the inclined plate 171. When the lower protection plate 12 or the upper protection plate 11 receives a thrust force to a direction away from the foundation pit wall, the inclined plate 171 rotates around the contact between the inclined plate 171 and the hook plate 172, and the inclined plate 171 pushes the lower protection plate 12 to move vertically upward in the process of rotating to a vertical state.

During operation, the fixed inserting rod 15 is inserted into the ground at the opening of the foundation pit, the upper protection plate 11 and the lower protection plate 12 are tightly attached to the inner wall of the foundation pit, the hook plate 172 of the protection barb 17 is in contact with the bottom of the foundation pit, and the inserting rod is inserted into the bottom of the foundation pit to play a role in fixing. Go up protection plate 11 and receive the influence of gravity to remove downwards, it is downward to drive protection plate 11 through the extension spring, and then makes upper fixed plate 13 receive decurrent pressure to make upper protection plate 11 and lower protection plate 12 strengthen the pressure of basic pit wall, and then reach the effect to the foundation ditch protection reinforcing.

When the foundation pit wall collapses, the collapsed clod moves the protection mechanism to one side far away from the foundation pit wall, the protection barb 17 rotates by taking the connection contact of the inclined plate 171 and the hook plate 172 as a circle center, the protection barb 17 pushes the lower protection plate 12 to move upwards, the upper protection plate 11 moves upwards, the upper fixing plate 13 is further driven to move towards the direction far away from the foundation pit wall, and a certain gap exists between the protection mechanism and the foundation pit wall. When the protection barb 17 and the hinge rod 14 move to the vertical state and continue to incline to the side far away from the foundation pit wall, the thrust of the protection barb 17 to the side close to the foundation pit wall is generated by the lower protection plate 12 under the action of self gravity, and if the thrust can be generated, the position of the collapse part is higher. If the position of the collapse position is lower, the upper end of the protection barb 17 moves towards the side far away from the foundation pit wall along the lower surface of the lower protection plate 12, and at the moment, due to the fact that the broken soil falls on the protection barb 17, the moving resistance of the lower protection plate 12 towards the side far away from the foundation pit is increased, and then the protection effect of the protection mechanism is improved.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the lower protection plate 12 extends vertically upward to the side away from the foundation pit wall downward to form a limiting plate 20, and is used for the initial state to contact with the inclined plate 171, and the limiting plate 20 is used for preventing the protection barb 17 from inclining to the side close to the foundation pit wall under the influence of the gravity of the lower protection plate 12, so as to prevent the protection barb 17 from losing its function.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 and 8, the lower surface of the lower protection plate 12 is provided with a slide rail 123, the slide rail 123 is horizontally disposed, and one end of the slide rail 123 is fixed on the limiting plate 20, and the slide rail 123 is in an annular rod-shaped structure. The upper end of the inclined plate 171 is provided with a slide rail connecting rod 174, the slide rail connecting rod 174 is horizontally arranged, fixed at the upper end of the inclined plate 171, slidably mounted on the slide rail 123 and located at one end of the slide rail 123 close to the foundation pit wall, the slide rail connecting rod 174 is inserted on the slide rail 123, so that when the collapse position of the foundation pit is low, the protection barb 17 is pushed, and the slide rail connecting rod 174 slides towards one side of the slide rail 123 far away from the foundation pit wall.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 and 8, a plurality of elastic expansion rods 173 are uniformly distributed on the sliding rail connecting rod 174; one end of the elastic expansion link 173 is hinged to the slide rail link 174, and the other end is fixed to the limiting plate 20, so that the elastic expansion link 173 pushes the slide rail link 174 in the direction of one side of the foundation pit wall, so that when the foundation pit is collapsed at a higher position, the slide rail link 174 is always located on one side of the slide rail 123 close to the foundation pit wall.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 9 to 12, an interlayer baffle 19 is provided between each adjacent two guard mechanisms. The side wall of the vertical edge of each lower protection plate 12 is provided with an installation baffle; the interlayer baffle can be arranged on the two adjacent mounting baffles in a sliding mode, a blocking pulling mechanism is arranged between the interlayer baffle and the mounting baffles, the blocking pulling mechanism is used for enabling the interlayer baffle to be in contact with the wall of the foundation pit when the foundation pit wall corresponding to one adjacent protection mechanism collapses, the soil blocks at the collapse position are prevented from moving towards the protection mechanism at the collapse position, the stability of the protection mechanism is enhanced, when the foundation pits corresponding to the two adjacent protection mechanisms collapse, the interlayer baffle moves towards one side far away from the wall of the foundation pit, the soil blocks between the collapse positions can flow in the two adjacent protection mechanisms, and the stress balance is guaranteed.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 9 to 12, the installation baffle includes a side baffle 122 and a bottom baffle 124, and the side baffle 122 is vertically disposed and fixed to a sidewall of a vertical edge of the lower guard plate 12. The bottom baffle 124 is horizontally arranged and fixed at the lower end of the side baffle 122, the interlayer baffle is slidably arranged on the bottom baffle 124, and the interlayer baffle is slidably arranged on two adjacent bottom baffles 124. The barrier pull mechanism is disposed between the side barrier 122 and the interlayer barrier.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 9 to 12, the blocking pulling mechanism includes a blocking lever 125 and a pulling spring 193; the interlayer baffle is divided into a thin plate 191 and a thick plate 192, the thin plate 191 is positioned above the thick plate 192, the lower surface of the thin plate 191 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the thick plate 192, and the two sides of the lower end of the thin plate 191 are the upper surfaces of the thick plates 192. Stop rod 125 level setting, and the upper surface of thick plate 192 contacts, with lateral part baffle 122 rigid coupling, keep away from one side of lateral part baffle 122 for the arc structure of kickup, the arc structure conveniently stops rod 125 and follows the upper surface downward slip of thick plate 192. The spring fixing plate 194 is provided on the side of the thin plate 191 close to the pit wall, and one end of the pulling spring 193 is fixed to the spring fixing plate 194 and the other end is fixed to the side wall 122. When the foundation pit wall corresponding to one adjacent protection mechanism collapses, the protection mechanism moves to one side far away from the foundation pit wall, the corresponding pulling spring 193 is stretched to accumulate force, so that the upper surfaces of the blocking rod 125 and the thick plate 192 are separated, the lower protection plate 12 moves downwards, and the spacing baffle is positioned on the mounting baffle on the non-collapsing side, so that the spacing baffle does not descend, the blocking rod 125 abuts against the thick plate 192, and the interlayer baffle and the foundation pit keep a fit state. When the foundation pit wall corresponding to the other protection mechanism collapses, the corresponding blocking rod 125 is separated from the upper surface of the thick plate 192, the lower protection plate 12 moves downwards, the corresponding pulling tension spring is stretched to accumulate force, the interlayer baffle falls downwards and falls on the bottom baffles 124 of the two adjacent installation baffles again, the blocking rod 125 does not abut against the thick plate 192 any more, the two pulling springs 193 simultaneously pull the interlayer baffle to move towards one side far away from the foundation pit wall, so that the two adjacent collapsed crushed soil flows mutually, and the blocking rod 125 returns to the upper surface of the thick plate 192 again.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.