阅读说明：本技术 一种窄反射板一维直线阵列天线 (Narrow reflecting plate one-dimensional linear array antenna ) 是由 程琦峰 程旗 汪小林 党涛 田殷 韩垒 刘涛 阳松 于 2021-09-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种窄反射板一维直线阵列天线,属于天线技术领域,解决了现有技术中提高天线波束前后比需要较大空间的问题。本发明的窄反射板一维直线阵列天线,包括天线阵列、反射板和金属条；所述天线阵列设置在所述反射板上,所述天线阵列长度方向的轴线与所述反射板长度方向的轴线重合；所述金属条与所述天线阵列轴线平行的设置在所述反射板上,所述金属条设置在所述天线阵列的上方和/或下方。本发明通过在水平一维阵列天线上增加金属条,使在有限的安装空间范围内,同时不具有较大反射面的一维直线阵列天线,通过金属条的金属面对天线的波束方向图构成明显的影响,能够显著提高天线波束的前后比。(The invention discloses a narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna, belongs to the technical field of antennas, and solves the problem that a larger space is needed for improving the front-to-back ratio of an antenna beam in the prior art. The narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna comprises an antenna array, a reflector and a metal strip; the antenna array is arranged on the reflecting plate, and the axis of the antenna array in the length direction is superposed with the axis of the reflecting plate in the length direction; the metal strip is arranged on the reflecting plate in parallel with the axis of the antenna array, and the metal strip is arranged above and/or below the antenna array. The metal strip is added on the horizontal one-dimensional array antenna, so that the one-dimensional linear array antenna without a larger reflection surface in a limited installation space range has obvious influence on a beam directional diagram of the antenna through the metal surface of the metal strip, and the front-to-back ratio of an antenna beam can be obviously improved.)

1. A narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna is characterized by comprising an antenna array (2), a reflector (1) and a metal strip;

the antenna array (2) is arranged on the reflecting plate (1), and the axis of the antenna array (2) in the length direction is superposed with the axis of the reflecting plate (1) in the length direction;

the metal strip is arranged on the reflecting plate (1) in parallel with the axis of the antenna array (2), and the metal strip is arranged above and/or below the antenna array (2).

2. The narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna of claim 1, wherein the metal strip is in metal lap joint with the reflector (1).

3. The narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna of claim 1, wherein the length of the metal strip is equal to or greater than the length of the antenna array (2).

4. The narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna of claim 1, wherein one of the metal strips is a first metal strip (4).

5. The narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna according to claim 4, wherein the width of the first metal strip (4) is from one tenth of the wavelength of the antenna operating band to the width of the antenna array (2).

6. The narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna of claim 1, wherein the number of metal strips is two, namely a first metal strip (4) and a second metal strip (5).

7. The narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna of claim 6, wherein the first metal strip (4) and the second metal strip (5) have different widths and are respectively disposed above and below the antenna array (2).

8. The narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna according to claim 7, wherein the width of the first metal strip (4) is one tenth of the wavelength of the antenna operating band;

the width of the second metal strip (5) is from one-quarter of the wavelength of the working frequency band of the antenna to the width of the antenna array (2).

9. The narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna according to claim 7, wherein the width of the first metal strip (4) is from one quarter of an antenna operating band wavelength to the width of the antenna array (2);

the width of the second metal strip (5) is one tenth of the wavelength of the working frequency band of the antenna.

10. The narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna of any of claims 1-9, further comprising a radome (3), wherein the metal strip conforms to the radome (3).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly relates to a narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna.

Background

In a communication system with a specific function, the system has a high requirement on the antenna beam front-to-back ratio, i.e. the main beam back lobe level of the antenna should be much lower than the main lobe level. The front-to-back ratio is the ratio of the power flux density in the maximum radiation direction of the main lobe (defined as 0 °) to the maximum power flux density near the opposite direction (defined as in the range of 180 ° ± 20 °). The front-to-back ratio indicates how well the antenna is for back lobe suppression. The antenna with low front-to-back ratio is selected, and the rear lobe of the antenna can generate cross-zone coverage, so that the switching relation is disordered, and call drop is generated. The larger the front-to-back ratio, the smaller the back radiation (or reception) of the antenna. The front-to-back ratio F/B is calculated by the following formula:

F/B is 10Lg { (forward power density)/(backward power density) }.

Generally, the front-to-back ratio of the antenna beam is mainly determined by the size of the antenna reflector, the antenna with the larger reflector (larger than the wavelength of the antenna operating band) has the higher front-to-back ratio, and the antenna with the smaller reflector (smaller than one-half wavelength of the antenna operating band) has the poorer front-to-back ratio. Alternatively, an endfire antenna with a larger dimension in the antenna radiation direction, such as: yagi antennas, log periodic antennas, etc., also have a high front-to-back ratio.

In engineering practice, under certain specific installation environments, the antenna is not provided with a space for installing a large-size reflecting plate for the antenna, and the condition that a larger space is provided in the radiation direction of the antenna is not provided, so that the antenna in a narrow installation space cannot achieve a high front-to-back ratio, and further cannot meet the functional requirements of a system.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the foregoing, the present invention is directed to a one-dimensional linear array antenna, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that a larger space is required to increase the front-to-back ratio of an antenna beam.

The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:

a narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna comprises an antenna array, a reflector and a metal strip;

the antenna array is arranged on the reflecting plate, and the axis of the antenna array in the length direction is superposed with the axis of the reflecting plate in the length direction;

the metal strip is arranged on the reflecting plate in parallel with the axis of the antenna array, and the metal strip is arranged above and/or below the antenna array.

Further, the metal strip is in metal lap joint with the reflecting plate.

Further, the length of the metal strip is greater than or equal to the length of the antenna array.

Further, one metal strip is arranged and is a first metal strip.

Further, the width of the first metal strip is from one tenth of the wavelength of the working frequency band of the antenna to the width of the antenna array.

Further, the metal strips comprise two metal strips, namely a first metal strip and a second metal strip.

Further, the first metal strip and the second metal strip have different widths and are respectively arranged above and below the antenna array.

Further, the width of the first metal strip is one tenth of the wavelength of the working frequency band of the antenna;

the width of the second metal strip is from the wavelength of a quarter of the working frequency band of the antenna to the width of the antenna array.

Further, the width of the first metal strip is from a quarter of an antenna operating frequency band wavelength to the width of the antenna array;

the width of the second metal strip is one tenth of the wavelength of the working frequency band of the antenna.

Further, still include the radome, the metal strip is conformal with the radome.

Compared with the prior art, the invention can at least realize one of the following technical effects:

(1) according to the narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna, the metal strip is additionally arranged on the horizontal one-dimensional array antenna, so that the one-dimensional linear array antenna without a large reflection surface in a limited installation space range has obvious influence on a beam pattern of the antenna through the metal surface of the metal strip, and the front-to-back ratio of an antenna beam can be obviously improved.

(2) The narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna provided by the invention adopts various metal strips, and for the linear array antenna with the antenna housing, the metal strips can be conformal with the antenna housing, so that the narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna is suitable for different array antennas in a limited space, and the purpose of providing the front-to-back ratio of antenna beams is achieved.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.

Drawings

The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna without metal strips;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna with metal strips positioned below the antenna array;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna with metal strips positioned over the antenna array;

fig. 4 is a first schematic diagram of a narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna with metal strips above and below the antenna array;

fig. 5 is a second schematic diagram of a narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna with metal strips above and below the antenna array;

fig. 6 is a first schematic diagram of a narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna when the metal strip is conformal with the array radome;

fig. 7 is a second schematic diagram of a narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna when the metal strip is conformal with the array radome;

FIG. 8 is a field intensity distribution diagram of a horizontal plane of a narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna without metal strips;

fig. 9 is a field intensity distribution diagram at a horizontal plane of the narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna with the metal strip added in the embodiment.

Reference numerals:

1-a reflector plate; 2-an antenna array; 3-an antenna housing; 4-a first metal strip; 5-a second metal strip.

Detailed Description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and which together with the embodiments of the invention serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit its scope.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the term "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, which may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, which may be a direct connection, or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

The terms "top," "bottom," "above … …," "below," and "on … …" as used throughout the description are relative positions with respect to components of the device, such as the relative positions of the top and bottom substrates inside the device. It will be appreciated that the devices are multifunctional, regardless of their orientation in space.

One embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, discloses a narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna, which includes an antenna array 2, a reflector 1 and a metal strip. The antenna array 2 is arranged on the reflecting plate 1, and the axis of the antenna array 2 in the length direction is superposed with the axis of the reflecting plate 1 in the length direction; the metal strips are arranged on the reflector plate 1 in parallel with the axis of the antenna array 2, and the metal strips are arranged above and/or below the antenna array 2.

The invention is suitable for the vertical polarization linear array antenna which is horizontally arranged, because the electric field direction of the vertical polarization antenna is vertical to the horizontal plane, the metal surface which is vertical to the electric field direction and is positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the antenna array 2 or the metal surface which is parallel to the electric field direction and is positioned at the opposite direction of the antenna radiation direction can form obvious influence on the beam pattern of the antenna.

When the linear array antenna does not have the normal (antenna beam radiation direction) expanded space condition (the normal installation space of the linear array antenna is smaller than one half of the wavelength of the working frequency band of the antenna) and the condition of installing a large reflecting surface (the height of the space for installing the reflecting surface is smaller than one half of the wavelength of the working frequency band of the antenna), metal strips are arranged above and/or below the antenna array 2, the metal surfaces of the metal strips can obviously influence the beam pattern of the antenna, and the front-to-back ratio of the antenna beam can be obviously improved.

In this embodiment, the metal strip and the reflector plate 1 are overlapped, and the gap between the two metal surfaces connected together is far smaller than the wavelength of the working frequency band of the antenna, so that the leakage of electromagnetic waves can be further reduced.

Further, the length of the metal strip is greater than or equal to the length of the antenna array 2, preferably, the length of the metal strip is equal to or slightly greater than the length of the antenna array 2, and an excessively short metal strip length cannot cover all antenna units in the antenna array 2, in which case, the antenna beam front-to-back ratio improving effect is significantly reduced; the overlong metal strip does not affect the improvement effect of the front-to-back ratio of the antenna beam, but cannot bring about the improvement of the larger front-to-back ratio, so that the overlong metal strip can bring about the waste of materials and installation space.

In this embodiment, the length of the metal strip is the same as the length of the reflection plate 1.

In this embodiment, one or two metal strips are provided.

Antenna beams are formed by superposition of electromagnetic fields in space, the electromagnetic fields are strengthened at positions with the same or similar phases to form energy concentration, energy is counteracted at positions with opposite phases (the phase difference is equal to 180 degrees), and the electromagnetic field energy is weakened by phase difference near the condition.

Based on the principle, when the metal strip is arranged, the metal reflecting surface is additionally arranged above or below the antenna, the radiation path of the electromagnetic field in the near-field space is changed, the lengths of the paths of the electromagnetic field reaching the antenna through the upper part and the lower part of the antenna to the back are different, a phase difference is formed, the purpose of energy superposition weakening is achieved, meanwhile, the forward radiation characteristic of the antenna is hardly changed, and finally, the front-to-back ratio is improved.

In the first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2 to 3, one metal strip is provided as the first metal strip 4.

The first metal strip 4 is installed on the reflection plate 1 and is perpendicular to the reflection plate 1. The length of the first metal strip 4 is the same as that of the reflector plate 1, and the size of the first metal strip 4 in the normal direction of the antenna array 2 is determined according to the size condition of the installation space of the antenna array 2.

In this embodiment, the width of the first metal strip 4 (the dimension in the normal direction of the antenna array 2) is from one tenth of the wavelength of the antenna operating band to the width dimension of the antenna array 2 (the dimension of the antenna array 2 along the normal direction of the antenna array 2). If the size of the first metal strip 4 is too short, the direction change of the electromagnetic wave is not obvious, and the effect of improving the beam front-to-back ratio under the sky is difficult to achieve; if the size of the first metal strip 4 is too large, on one hand, the front-to-back ratio of the antenna beam cannot be obviously improved, and on the other hand, the maximum value of the antenna beam may be deviated, so that the final performance of the antenna is affected.

In the narrow reflector 1 one-dimensional linear array antenna of this embodiment, when the metal strip is the first metal strip 4, only a single reflection surface can be formed above or below the antenna array 2, the effect of the single reflection surface for changing the electromagnetic field radiation path is not obvious, the effect of changing the radiation path can be better achieved only by the first metal strip 4 having a larger size, and meanwhile, the problem that the maximum radiation direction of the antenna beam deviates from the normal direction of the antenna can be caused by the first metal strip 4 having a larger size.

In the second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4 to 7, two metal strips are provided, and a second metal strip 5 is further provided.

Further, the first metal strip 4 and the second metal strip 5 are disposed perpendicular to the reflection plate 1 and above and below the antenna array 2, respectively.

In this embodiment, the width of the first metal strip 4 is different from the width of the second metal strip 5, so that the path of the electromagnetic field radiated in the near-field space is changed, the lengths of the paths of the electromagnetic field passing through the upper part and the lower part of the antenna and reaching the antenna backward are different, a phase difference is formed, the purpose of energy superposition and attenuation is achieved, meanwhile, the forward radiation characteristic of the antenna is hardly changed, and finally, the purpose of improving the front-to-back ratio of the antenna beam is achieved.

In this embodiment, the length of the first metal strip 4 is the same as that of the second metal strip 5, and both are equal to or greater than the length of the antenna array 2. Preferably, the lengths of the first and second metal strips 4 and 5 are the same as the length of the reflection plate 1.

Further, the width of the first metal strip 4 is one tenth of the wavelength of the antenna working frequency band, and the width of the second metal strip 5 is from one quarter of the wavelength of the antenna working frequency band to the width of the antenna array (2); or the width of the first metal strip 4 is from a quarter of the wavelength of the antenna working frequency band to the width of the antenna array 2, and the width of the second metal strip 5 is one tenth of the wavelength of the antenna working frequency band.

The different width sizes of the metal strips can change the space path length of the electromagnetic wave near field transmission to form phase difference, so that the effect of changing the superposition of radiation field intensity is achieved. The phase difference is equal to about 360 DEG path difference/wavelength, and when the width of the metal strip is one quarter of the wavelength of the working frequency band of the antenna, the path difference is equal to 90 DEG phase difference. The closer the phase difference is to 180 °, the more pronounced the effect of the reduction of the superposition of field strength energies, which requires a larger installation space for the metal strips.

On the one hand, in engineering practice, there may not be a large installation space for the metal strip, and on the other hand, a large metal strip size may cover the antenna radiator location, thereby bringing new problems: the maximum radiation direction of the antenna beam deviates from the direction of the antenna array 2, and the antenna coupling effect becomes strong, the antenna radiation efficiency becomes low, the antenna gain is reduced, and the like. Therefore, considering a plurality of factors, the width of the first metal strip 4/the second metal strip 5 in this embodiment is one tenth of the wavelength of the antenna operating band, and the width of the second metal strip 5/the first metal strip 4 is one quarter of the wavelength of the antenna operating band to the size of the antenna array 2 along the normal direction of the antenna array 2.

In this embodiment, the metal strip may be a thin metal plate, and the material of the metal strip is a metal material or an alloy material including, but not limited to, an aluminum plate. The metal strip can be fixed on the reflecting plate 1 through a detachable or non-detachable connecting piece, and the metal strip can also be integrally processed and formed with the reflecting plate 1.

Further, the metal strip can be obtained by metallizing the surface of the non-metal material, and the method of metallizing the surface is not limited to the manufacturing method including blasting, plating, and attaching a metal thin film. The metal strip is fixed on the reflecting plate 1 through screws, glue joint or other modes, and the metal surface of the metal strip is ensured to be in metal lap joint with the reflecting plate 1.

Further, as shown in fig. 6 to 7, for the linear array antenna having the radome 3, the first metal strip 4 and the second metal strip 5 may be conformal with the radome 3, that is, the first metal strip 4 and the second metal strip 5 are attached to the surface of the radome 3 in the form of metal films and are respectively located above and below the antenna array. The first metal strip 4 and the second metal strip 5 are attached to the inner side or the outer side of the radome 3 in the form of metal films such as aluminum foil, copper foil, silver foil and the like, or are sandwiched in the material body of the radome 3.

Further, in this embodiment, the surface of the metal strip may be a non-hollow surface, or may be a hollow surface having a hole shape, a strip shape, a grid shape, or the like.

When the surface of the metal strip is a hollow surface, the size of the hollow shape of the hole and the strip seam is far smaller than the wavelength of the working frequency band of the antenna, so that the electromagnetic wave cannot penetrate through the hollow structure, the effect of changing the beam direction of the antenna by the metal strip is avoided, and the front-to-back ratio is further influenced.

The narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna of the embodiment can obviously improve the front-to-back ratio of the one-dimensional linear array antenna in a limited installation space range, and meanwhile, the one-dimensional linear array antenna does not have a large-size reflecting surface in the direction vertical to the normal line of the antenna array 2, and the use requirement of a special function system is met.

Fig. 8 and 9 show field strength distribution diagrams at different one-dimensional linear array antenna levels. Fig. 8 is a field intensity distribution diagram of a horizontal plane of a one-dimensional linear array antenna without a metal strip, and the front-to-back ratio of an antenna beam is 5 dB. Fig. 9 is a field intensity distribution diagram of a horizontal plane of a one-dimensional linear array antenna with metal strips added, and the front-to-back ratio of an antenna beam is 17 dB. Compared with the one-dimensional linear array antenna without the metal strip, the one-dimensional linear array antenna with the metal strip has the advantage that the front-to-back ratio of the antenna beam is improved by 12 dB.

According to the narrow reflector one-dimensional linear array antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention, the metal strip is added on the horizontal one-dimensional array antenna, so that the one-dimensional linear array antenna without a large reflection surface in a limited installation space range has obvious influence on a beam pattern of the antenna through the metal surface of the metal strip, and the front-to-back ratio of an antenna beam can be obviously improved.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.