阅读说明：本技术 借助烟囱效应的电梯设备的部件冷却 (Component cooling of an elevator installation by means of the chimney effect ) 是由 贝恩德·阿尔滕布格尔 凯·汉森 马丁·许特 于 2020-04-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种用于有针对性地冷却电梯设备(20)的至少一个部件(23)的冷却系统(10)。本发明还涉及一种电梯设备(20),包括至少一个电梯井道(21)和冷却系统(10)。电梯设备(20)的电梯井道(21)具有至少一个第一开口(11)。第一开口(11)设置在电梯井道(21)的下部井道区域(21a)。此外,电梯井道(21)在上部井道区域(21b)中具有第二开口(12),其中,第二开口(12)这样构造和布置,使得通过烟囱效应在电梯井道(21)中形成的气流(13)引导经过电梯设备(20)的待冷却的部件(23)。在此,第一开口(11)和/或第二开口(12)尤其布置在电梯井道(21)的井道壁(22)中。(The invention relates to a cooling system (10) for the targeted cooling of at least one component (23) of an elevator installation (20). The invention also relates to an elevator installation (20) comprising at least one elevator shaft (21) and a cooling system (10). An elevator shaft (21) of an elevator installation (20) has at least one first opening (11). The first opening (11) is provided in a lower hoistway region (21a) of an elevator hoistway (21). The elevator shaft (21) also has a second opening (12) in the upper shaft region (21b), wherein the second opening (12) is designed and arranged in such a way that an air flow (13) formed in the elevator shaft (21) by the chimney effect is guided past the component (23) of the elevator installation (20) to be cooled. The first opening (11) and/or the second opening (12) are arranged in particular in a shaft wall (22) of the elevator shaft (21).)

1. Cooling system (10) for the targeted cooling of at least one component (23) of an elevator installation (20), which elevator installation (20) comprises at least one elevator shaft (21) and which elevator shaft (21) has at least one first opening (11),

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the first opening (11) is arranged in a lower shaft region (21a) of the elevator shaft (21), and the elevator shaft (21) has a second opening (12) in an upper shaft region (21b), wherein the second opening (12) is designed and arranged in such a way that an air flow (13) formed in the elevator shaft (21) by the chimney effect is guided past a component (23) of the elevator system (20) to be cooled, in particular in such a way that the first opening (11) and/or the second opening (12) is arranged in a shaft wall (22) of the elevator shaft (21).

2. Cooling system (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first opening (11) and/or the second opening (12) is/are provided with a throttle valve (14).

3. A cooling system (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that the throttle valve (14) is configured such that the air flow (13) is adjusted by means of a controller.

4. The cooling system (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cooling system (10) comprises a cooling conduit (15) extending along the elevator hoistway (21).

5. Cooling system (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that the cooling duct (15) is connected with the first opening (11).

6. Cooling system (10) according to any of claims 4-5, characterized in that the cooling duct (15) is configured as an air channel through which the air flow (13) is guided.

7. Cooling system (10) according to any of claims 4-6, characterized in that the cooling conduit (15) is at least partially integrated in at least one hoistway wall (22) of an elevator hoistway (21).

8. Cooling system (10) according to one of the claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the cooling duct (15) is guided along the component (23) to be cooled and/or is at least partially integrated in the component (23) to be cooled.

9. Cooling system (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the component (23) to be cooled has cooling ribs (17).

10. The cooling system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the component (23) to be cooled has a ventilator (18).

11. The cooling system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cooling system (10) has a liquid-conducting conduit (19), in particular a liquid-conducting conduit (19) at least partially integrated in at least one shaft wall (22).

12. Cooling system (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the component (23) to be cooled is a current transformer and/or an excitation coil of an elevator drive.

13. Elevator installation (20) comprising at least one elevator shaft (21) and a cooling system (10) according to one of claims 1 to 12 for targeted cooling of at least one component (23) of the elevator installation (20).

14. Elevator installation according to claim 13, characterized in that the car (24) is moved in the elevator shaft (21) of the elevator installation (20) by means of a linear drive.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a cooling system for the targeted cooling of at least one component of an elevator installation, which comprises at least one elevator shaft, which has at least one first opening. The invention further relates to an elevator installation comprising at least one elevator shaft and a cooling system for the targeted cooling of at least one component of the elevator installation.

Background

Hitherto, elevator components, in particular components inside the drive compartment of an elevator installation, have been cooled by means of a ventilator. Ventilators have a high energy consumption.

In high-rise buildings, there is a pressure differential between the ambient air inside the building and outside the building due to temperature differences. This pressure difference causes a chimney effect in the elevator shaft of a high-rise building. The airflow generated in the elevator hoistway due to the chimney effect causes undesirable noise. Thus, there are many efforts to reduce the chimney effect in the elevator hoistway, as described in KR 2017040412 a, for example.

However, the devices for reducing the chimney effect in the elevator shaft have a high energy consumption. However, the chimney effect cannot be completely eliminated here.

Disclosure of Invention

The fact that the air flow has a cooling effect leads to the idea of the invention to utilize the air flow generated in the elevator shaft as a result of the chimney effect for the targeted cooling of elevator components that heat up during operation, instead of reducing the chimney effect with high energy consumption. In this way, the efficiency and service life of these components should be improved cost-effectively and energy-effectively.

To this end, a cooling system and an elevator installation according to the independent claims are proposed. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims and in the description and are shown in the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings.

The proposed solution provides for a cooling system for the targeted cooling of at least one component of an elevator installation, which comprises at least one elevator shaft and which has at least one first opening, wherein the first opening is arranged in a lower shaft region of the elevator shaft. In particular the first opening is provided in the shaft wall in the lower shaft region of the elevator shaft. Especially the lower hoistway area comprises 10% of the total hoistway height measured from the bottom of the hoistway. In particular the first opening is arranged in the shaft bottom of the elevator shaft.

The elevator shaft also has a second opening in the upper shaft region, wherein the second opening is designed and arranged in such a way that an air flow formed by the chimney effect in the elevator shaft is guided through the component of the elevator installation to be cooled. In particular the second opening is arranged in the upper hoistway area. In particular, the second opening is provided in the upper shaft region in a shaft wall of the elevator shaft. In particular, the upper hoistway area includes a portion of 10% of the total hoistway height of the elevator hoistway directly below the hoistway head. In particular the second opening is provided in the shaft head of the elevator shaft.

In particular, ambient air enters the elevator hoistway through a first opening in the lower hoistway area. Due to the chimney effect present in the elevator shaft, the air in the elevator shaft rises, creating an air flow. Air rising in the elevator shaft is heated by the elevator components, through which the air is guided, while the elevator components are cooled. In the upper hoistway area, air rising within the elevator hoistway is discharged from the elevator hoistway through the second opening. In particular, the air that exits through the second opening and is heated as a result of heat exchange with the elevator components is used for heating rooms of the building and/or for heating tap water. In this way, a part of the heat energy discharged by the elevator components can be further utilized and thus resources are saved.

In one embodiment of the invention, the first opening and/or the second opening has a throttle.

In another embodiment, the throttle valve is configured such that the air flow is regulated by means of a controller. In particular, the throttle valve is controlled in dependence on the required cooling power.

In a further refinement of the invention, the cooling system comprises a cooling duct extending along the elevator hoistway. By means of the cooling duct, the component can be cooled more specifically and more efficiently.

In one embodiment of the invention, the cooling line is connected to the first opening. In particular, the cooling ducts are configured as air channels. Especially the air flow formed due to the chimney effect is guided via the cooling duct. By directing the air flow via the cooling duct, the air flow is directed specifically to the component to be cooled, so that the heat exchange with the air located in the elevator hoistway is minimized. Thus, more efficient cooling is achieved.

In one embodiment of the invention, the cooling line is at least partially integrated in at least one shaft wall of the elevator shaft. In this way, the installation space in the interior of the elevator shaft required by the cooling system due to the components projecting into it is minimized.

In a further embodiment, the cooling line is guided along the component to be cooled and/or is at least partially integrated in the component to be cooled. The air flow used as coolant is thus directed directly and specifically to the component to be cooled. By integrating the cooling ducts in the component to be cooled, it is possible to cool the individual sub-zones of the elevator component more specifically and thus more efficiently.

In particular, the cooling system comprises a plurality of cooling ducts. In particular, the cooling line is integrated in a shaft wall on which the component to be cooled is arranged. The cooling system has a plurality of first openings, in particular in the lower shaft region, to which cooling ducts are connected.

The cooling line is introduced from the shaft wall into the shaft interior of the elevator shaft, in particular directly below the component to be cooled. In particular, the cooling ducts pass through the component. In particular, the cooling line is led back into the shaft wall directly above the component to be cooled.

In particular, a plurality of components to be cooled are stacked one above the other in the elevator shaft, which components are cooled by an air flow guided by a common cooling duct.

In particular, a throttle is provided in the cooling line below and/or above the component to be cooled. In this way, for a component to be cooled, the cooling air flow through the component may be adjusted according to the current operating temperature of the component. Likewise, the individual components can be separated from the air flow guided in the cooling duct by means of a throttle valve, depending on the cooling requirement.

In particular, a first cooling duct and a second cooling duct are used for cooling the components, respectively. In particular, a cooling duct pair (comprising a first cooling duct and a second cooling duct) is used for cooling a plurality of components to be cooled which are vertically stacked one above the other in the elevator shaft.

In particular, for cooling the component, the air flow guided through the first cooling duct is guided into the component to be cooled, and the air flow heated by heat exchange with the component to be cooled is guided into the second cooling duct, in which the heated air is discharged by the air flow guided in the second cooling duct. In particular, for cooling a plurality of components arranged one above the other, the air flow guided through the first cooling line is guided into the component to be cooled and the air flow heated by heat exchange with the component to be cooled is guided into the second cooling line. Thus, the air heated by the component is input to the second cooling duct. The air flow guided in the second cooling duct is not guided into the component to be cooled. In this way, the temperature of the air flow guided in the first cooling duct, by means of which the component is cooled, is kept as constant as possible. Thereby, the second component to be cooled, which is disposed above the first component to be cooled, is cooled by the air flow having the same temperature as the first component located therebelow. The air heated by the heat exchange with the component is discharged in the second cooling duct without contacting the component.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the component to be cooled has cooling ribs. By means of the cooling ribs, the surface area of the component is increased. In this way, heat can be better dissipated. By equipping the components with cooling ribs, the components are cooled by heat exchange with the air in the elevator shaft in addition to the cooling by means of the air flow guided through the cooling duct.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the component to be cooled has a fan. By using a ventilator, it is possible to additionally cool the individual components in addition to cooling by means of the air flow guided through the cooling duct. In this case, the fans can be controlled individually. In particular, if the operating temperature of the component exceeds a certain limit value, the component to be cooled is additionally cooled by at least one fan. In particular, the additional cooling by means of the fan is only carried out if the cooling by means of the air flow guided in the cooling duct is insufficient.

In one embodiment of the invention, the cooling system has a line for conducting a liquid, in particular for conducting a cooling liquid, in particular for conducting water. In particular, the conduit for conducting the liquid is at least partially integrated in at least one well wall. In particular, the conduit for guiding the liquid is guided along and/or at least partially integrated in the component to be cooled. The liquid used as coolant is therefore guided directly and specifically along the component to be cooled. In particular, in parallel to the cooling by means of the air flow guided in the cooling line, an additional cooling takes place by means of a line, in particular a water line, for components which are particularly strongly heated during operation and/or have to be kept at a low operating temperature, in which line the liquid is guided.

In particular, the cooling of the component takes place by means of a liquid using a first liquid-conducting conduit and a second liquid-conducting conduit. In this embodiment, the respective component is cooled with liquid, in particular water, from the first liquid-conducting line, and the liquid heated by heat exchange with the component is conducted into the second liquid-conducting line, by means of which the heated liquid is conducted away.

In one embodiment of the invention, the component to be cooled in the elevator installation by means of the cooling system is a component of a linear drive by means of which the car is moved in the elevator shaft of the elevator installation. In particular, the converter and/or the exciter coil are cooled in a targeted manner. By the targeted cooling of the components of the linear drive by means of the cooling system according to the invention, these components can be specifically cooled by means of the cooling system as a function of the ambient temperature and the load factor of the linear drive and the resulting operating temperature of the components.

The cooling system according to the invention cools the elevator components by means of the chimney effect naturally occurring in the elevator shaft, wherein the resulting air flow is regulated by means of a throttle valve. Advantageously, the energy requirement of the cooling system according to the invention is limited to the control of a throttle valve, by means of which the air flow can be adjusted according to the cooling required for the component. It is particularly advantageous to cool the component to be cooled in a targeted manner by means of the cooling line. Furthermore, advantageously, by using a cooling duct guiding the air flow, no direct heat exchange with the air in the elevator hoistway takes place, so that the air flow is not heated up quickly on its way from the first opening to the second opening.

Drawings

Further advantageous details, features and design details of the invention are set forth in conjunction with the embodiments shown in the drawings. The figures show:

fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a cooling system according to the invention;

fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of the cooling system according to the invention;

fig. 3 shows a third embodiment of the cooling system according to the invention in an elevator installation

a is shown in a front view and,

b shown in a rear view;

FIG. 4 shows a detail view of a portion of FIG. 3 a;

FIG. 5 shows a detail view of a portion of FIG. 4; and

FIG. 6 shows a different configuration for extending the cooling system according to the invention

a by means of cooling ribs,

b by means of a ventilator, the air is,

c by means of a conduit for conducting the liquid.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a cooling system 10 for an elevator installation 20, in which a first opening 11 is provided in a shaft wall 22 in a lower shaft region 21a of an elevator shaft 21 and a second opening 12 is provided in an upper shaft region 21 b. Ambient air passes through the first opening 11 into the elevator shaft 21. Due to the temperature difference and the resulting pressure difference, an air flow 13 is formed in the elevator shaft 21, which is caused by a chimney effect present in the elevator shaft 21.

The airflow 13 rises within the elevator hoistway 21 until it can escape from the elevator hoistway 21 through the second opening 12. Here, the airflow 13 passes through the component 23 of the elevator installation 20 to be cooled in the upper shaft region 21 b.

For regulating the air flow 13, the first opening 11 and the second opening 12 each have a throttle 14. In this way, the intensity of the air flow 13 can be varied by opening or throttling the throttle valve 14.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the component 23 to be cooled is enclosed in a housing 16 into which the air flow 13 enters from below. In the housing 16, the component 23 to be cooled is flushed around by the air flow 13. The airflow 13 exits from the elevator hoistway 21 through a cooling duct 15 connected to the upper side of the respective housing 16 to the second opening 12. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, further throttle valves 14 are arranged directly below and above the housing 16, respectively. By controlling the throttle 14, it can be set whether one component 23 to be cooled is cooled more or less intensively by the air flow 13 than the other component 23 to be cooled.

Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the cooling system 10 according to the invention, in which a cooling duct 15 guided along a shaft wall 22 extends in an elevator shaft 21. Here, the cooling duct 15 connects a first opening 11 provided in the hoistway wall 22 in the lower hoistway region 21a of the elevator hoistway 21 with a second opening 12 provided in the hoistway wall 22 in the upper hoistway region 21b of the elevator hoistway. A throttle valve 14 is arranged on the first opening 11 and the second opening 12, respectively. By controlling these throttle valves 14, the air flow 13 guided through the cooling duct 15 can be regulated. In the example shown in fig. 2, a portion of the cooling duct 15 is integrated in the component 23 to be cooled. In this way, the component 23 to be cooled is cooled from the inside by means of the air flow 13 guided in the cooling duct 15. The cooling effect is increased by this design. However, the cooling line 15 can also be guided externally along the component 23 to be cooled, in particular the cooling line 15 being in direct contact with the component 23 to be cooled here. This arrangement is used in particular when the component 23 to be cooled has no spatial capacity or a structure which is not suitable for integrating the cooling duct 15 into the component 23.

Fig. 3 shows another embodiment of the cooling system 10 according to the invention, in which a plurality of cooling ducts 15 are partially integrated in the shaft wall 22. Fig. 3a shows an elevator installation 20 with a cooling system 10 according to the invention in a front view and fig. 3b shows a rear view.

As shown in fig. 3b, a plurality of first openings 11 are provided in the hoistway wall 22 in the lower hoistway region 21a, and a plurality of second openings 12 are provided in the hoistway head 21c of the elevator hoistway. Ambient air can flow in through the first opening 11, which rises inside the elevator shaft due to the chimney effect present inside the elevator shaft, and can then escape from the elevator shaft through the second opening 12 in the shaft head 21 c.

In the elevator installation 20 shown in fig. 3, the car 24 is moved along guide rails by means of a linear motor drive. For this purpose, elevator components 23, such as current transformers and excitation coils, are required, which for fault-free operation do not allow a specific operating temperature to be exceeded. To ensure this, these components 23 must be cooled. For this purpose, a plurality of cooling ducts 15 are integrated in the shaft wall 22 (indicated by dashed lines in fig. 4) in which the guide rails are arranged. The cooling conduit 15 is connected to the first opening 11 in the lower hoistway region 21a, extends through the hoistway wall 22, and terminates with the second opening 12 at the hoistway head 21 c.

The cooling lines 15 are arranged such that they are guided from the shaft wall 22 directly below the component to be cooled into the shaft interior of the elevator shaft, pass through the component 23 to be cooled, and are guided back into the shaft wall 22 directly above the component 23 to be cooled and continue upwards in the interior of the shaft wall 22.

In particular, for cooling the component 23, as shown in fig. 4, a first cooling duct 15a and a second cooling duct 15b are used, respectively. In particular, a pair of first cooling ducts 15a and second cooling ducts 15b are used to cool a plurality of components 23 to be cooled, vertically stacked one above the other in the elevator hoistway, respectively. Here, for each vertically stacked component 23, the air flow guided through the first cooling duct 15a is guided through the component 23 to be cooled, and the air flow heated by heat exchange with the component 23 to be cooled is guided into the second cooling duct 15b, in which the heated air is discharged by the air flow guided in the second cooling duct 15 b. The air flow guided in the first cooling duct 15a is therefore used directly for cooling the component 23, whereas the air flow guided in the second cooling duct 15b is used first for the discharge of heated air.

As shown in fig. 5, the throttle valves 14 may be arranged below and/or above the components 23 to be cooled, respectively, in the cooling ducts 15. In this way, for the component 23 to be cooled, the cooling air flow through the component 23 can be adjusted according to the current operating temperature of the component 23. Likewise, depending on the cooling requirement, the individual components 23 can also be separated from the air flow guided in the cooling duct 15 by means of the throttle 14.

Fig. 6 shows different possible variants how the cooling system according to the invention can be extended to enhance the cooling of the individual components. Thus, as shown in fig. 6a, the individual parts 23 may be equipped with cooling ribs 17, by means of which the surface area of the parts 23 is increased, so that the heat exchange with the air in the interior compartment of the shaft is enhanced. Additionally or alternatively, when intensive cooling of the individual components 23 is required, a ventilator 18 can be used in order to cool the components 23 more intensively, in particular over a defined period of time (see fig. 6b), and/or a coolant line 19 can also be used (see fig. 6 c).

In this way, in addition to the cooling by the air flow caused by the chimney effect, the individual components can be cooled by using cooling ribs and/or ventilators and/or ducts for conducting liquid, in particular water pipes. In particular, when the components require a strong cooling for a long time, liquid-conducting ducts are used.

Similarly to the embodiments of the cooling ducts shown in fig. 4 and 5, in which the gas flow caused by the chimney effect is guided, it is also possible to use a first liquid-guiding duct and a second liquid-guiding duct, respectively, for cooling the components. In this embodiment, the respective component is cooled by means of liquid from the first liquid-conducting line, and the liquid heated by heat exchange with the component is conducted into the second liquid-conducting line, by means of which the heated liquid is conducted away.

The liquid-conducting duct may extend along the wall of the shaft parallel to the cooling duct, through which the gas flow caused by the chimney effect is conducted. In particular, the liquid-conducting lines are integrated in the shaft wall and are guided out of the shaft wall in a punctiform manner for cooling the individual components. A conduit for conducting the liquid is guided in the interior chamber of the shaft along the component to be cooled. Preferably, the liquid-conducting conduit is integrated in the component to be cooled.

It is conceivable that in an elevator installation some components are cooled by means of a gas flow guided in a cooling duct caused by the chimney effect, while other components are cooled only by means of a duct, in particular a water pipe, which guides a liquid. Likewise, the component can be cooled simultaneously by means of the gas flow induced by the chimney effect and guided in the cooling duct and by means of the liquid-guiding duct, in particular the water pipe.

Description of the reference numerals

10 cooling system

11 first opening

12 second opening

13 air flow

14 throttle valve

15 Cooling duct

15a first cooling duct

15b second cooling conduit

16 casing

17 Cooling fin

18 ventilator

19 liquid-conducting conduit

20 Elevator installation

21 elevator shaft

21a lower shaft region

21b upper shaft area

21c hoistway head

22 well wall

23 parts to be cooled

24 cage