阅读说明：本技术 一种杂交稻育苗装置及育苗方法 (Hybrid rice seedling raising device and method ) 是由 朱德峰 王亚梁 陈惠哲 陈若霞 于 2021-08-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种杂交稻育苗装置,包括：育苗盘和小室；其中,小室包括多个,且均匀独立设置在育苗盘的底部；育苗盘中设置有多个通孔；育苗盘底面四个边缘向底部分别延伸有底边延伸部；育苗盘侧壁边缘向外部延伸有侧边延伸部；相邻两侧边延伸部的交界处设置有支撑座。以本发明的育苗装置进行叠放育苗,便于种子的通气保湿,提高了出苗率。(The invention discloses a hybrid rice seedling raising device, which comprises: a seedling raising plate and a small chamber; wherein, the small chambers comprise a plurality of small chambers which are uniformly and independently arranged at the bottom of the seedling tray; a plurality of through holes are formed in the seedling raising plate; four edges of the bottom surface of the seedling raising plate extend to the bottom respectively to form bottom edge extension parts; the edge of the side wall of the seedling raising tray extends outwards to form a side extending part; the junction of the extending parts at two adjacent sides is provided with a supporting seat. The stacked seedling raising device provided by the invention is used for stacked seedling raising, so that the seeds are convenient to ventilate and moisturize, and the rate of emergence is improved.)

1. A hybrid rice seedling raising device is characterized by comprising: a seedling raising plate (1) and a small chamber (2);

wherein the small chambers (2) comprise a plurality of small chambers which are uniformly and independently arranged at the bottom of the seedling raising tray (1); a plurality of through holes (3) are formed in the seedling raising plate (1);

four edges of the bottom surface of the seedling raising plate (1) extend towards the bottom to form bottom edge extending parts (4) respectively; the edge of the side wall of the seedling raising plate (1) extends outwards to form a side extending part (5); a supporting seat (6) is arranged at the junction of the extending parts (5) at two adjacent sides.

2. A hybrid rice seedling raising device as claimed in claim 1, wherein each chamber (2) is formed by connecting and fixing four ribs (7) end to end.

3. A hybrid rice seedling raising device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of said support base (6) is greater than the height of said bottom edge extension (4).

4. A hybrid rice seedling raising device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of baffle plates (8) are provided in said bottom edge extension (4) and said side edge extension (5); and a fixing plate (9) is arranged in the middle of the side extending part (5).

5. A method of raising seedlings by using the hybrid rice seedling raising apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:

1) seed soaking: after sun-seeding, soaking seeds for 6 hours, fishing out and draining for 2 hours, soaking the seeds for 6 hours again, fishing out and draining for 2 hours, and then soaking the seeds for 8 hours again;

2) and (3) germination accelerating at a proper temperature: after seed soaking, moisturizing, ventilating and accelerating germination for 18 hours at the temperature of 30-32 ℃, and then accelerating germination for 6 hours at the temperature of 26-28 ℃;

3) seeding with a seedling tray: sequentially paving bottom soil, sowing, watering and covering a substrate in the seedling raising tray;

4) and (3) seedling emergence, aeration and moisturizing: after sowing, stacking 15-20 seedling plates together, wherein 2-4mm of space is reserved between the seedling plates from left to right, and 4-5mm of space is reserved between the seedling plates from top to bottom;

5) seedling raising after seedling emergence: after the seedlings are grown in a heat preservation way, the seedling raising plate is placed in a seedling raising field for raising the seedlings.

6. A method for raising seedlings of hybrid rice by using a hybrid rice seedling raising device as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the step 3), the top surface of the substrate is 1-2mm away from the top edge of the seedling raising tray.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of rice seedling raising, in particular to a hybrid rice seedling raising device and a hybrid rice seedling raising method.

Background

The quality of the seedlings produced by the rice plays a key role in the yield, and the seedlings are half as good as the rice. The current hybrid rice has large planting area and wide planting range, but the hybrid rice seeds are expensive, and the seedling rate is low and the seed cost is increased due to low emergence rate of the seeds. Sometimes, the rice production is seriously influenced because of low seedling rate of seeds and no seedlings in the field. In the production process, the seedling emergence quality of seeds is poor in the seedling raising link, so that the problems of seedling death due to rotten seeds, irregular seedling emergence, poor seedling quality, multiple diseases in the seedling stage and the like are caused. Therefore, the improvement of the seed emergence rate and the emergence quality is the key for cultivating strong seedlings and also determines the rice yield.

Proper temperature, humidity and oxygen conditions are required during rice seed emergence, and under the three conditions, the rate of seed emergence is high and seedlings are strong. In the existing rice mechanical transplanting and seedling raising, particularly in the rice mechanical transplanting and seedling raising of hybrid rice, in the seedling emergence link after seed sowing, the heat preservation, moisture preservation and ventilation are not in place, equipment is not suitable, the seedling emergence part of the seeds is neat, the seedling emergence rate is low, the seedling rate is low, and the rice mechanical transplanting quality is influenced. In production, rice seedling trays have poor stacking property, moisture retention and ventilation property, restrict the development of rice mechanical transplanting and increase in yield and efficiency, and urgently need to innovate a rice mechanical transplanting seed emergence method and matched equipment

Therefore, how to provide a hybrid rice seedling raising device and a seedling raising method is a problem that needs to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a hybrid rice seedling raising device and a hybrid rice seedling raising method, wherein a special seedling raising device is used for stacked seedling raising, so that the ventilation and moisture preservation of seeds are facilitated, and the rate of emergence is improved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a hybrid rice seedling raising device is characterized by comprising: a seedling raising plate and a small chamber; the small chambers comprise a plurality of small chambers which are uniformly and independently arranged at the bottom of the seedling raising tray; a plurality of through holes are formed in the seedling raising tray; four edges of the bottom surface of the seedling raising plate extend towards the bottom to form bottom edge extending parts respectively; the edge of the side wall of the seedling raising tray extends outwards to form a side extending part; the junction of the extending parts at two adjacent sides is provided with a supporting seat.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, each small chamber is formed by connecting and fixing four ribs end to end.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the length of the supporting seat is greater than the height of the bottom edge extension part.

As the preferable technical scheme of the invention, a plurality of baffle plates are arranged in the bottom edge extension part and the side edge extension part; and a fixing plate is arranged in the middle of the side extending part.

The method for raising seedlings by using the hybrid rice seedling raising device comprises the following steps of:

1) seed soaking: after the seeds are subjected to seed sunning treatment, soaking the seeds for 6 hours, fishing out and draining for 2 hours, soaking the seeds for 6 hours again, fishing out and draining for 2 hours, then soaking the seeds for 8 hours again, fishing out and draining after seed soaking for sowing, ventilating and soaking the seeds, improving the activity of the seeds and improving the emergence rate.

2) And (3) germination accelerating at a proper temperature: after seed soaking, moisturizing, ventilating and accelerating germination for 18 hours at the temperature of 30-32 ℃, and then accelerating germination for 6 hours at the temperature of 26-28 ℃;

3) seeding with a seedling tray: sequentially paving bottom soil, sowing, watering and covering a substrate in the seedling raising tray;

4) and (3) seedling emergence, aeration and moisturizing: after sowing, stacking 15-20 seedling plates together, wherein a space of 2-4mm is left between the left and right sides of the stacked seedling plates, and a space of 4-5mm is left between the upper and lower sides of the stacked seedling plates;

5) seedling raising after seedling emergence: after the seedlings are grown in a heat preservation way, the seedling raising plate is placed in a seedling raising field for raising the seedlings.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, in the step 3), the top surface of the substrate is 1-3mm away from the bottom edge of the seedling raising tray.

According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention discloses the rice seedling raising device and the rice seedling raising method, which are used for improving the rate of emergence of rice seeds, the uniformity of emergence of rice seedlings and the seedling rate and the quality of rice seedlings. The seedling-raising trays are overlapped and piled up after seeding, and the seedling-raising tray at the uppermost part is also covered, so that each seeding seedling-raising tray can emerge in a dark environment; the space between the seedling raising plates is beneficial to seedling emergence and ventilation of the seedling raising plates, and sufficient oxygen is provided for seedling emergence of seeds. The seedling raising plate and the tray stack reduce the water evaporation of the matrix, and the seedling raising and moisturizing effects are achieved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a seedling raising device provided by the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic bottom structure of the seedling raising device provided by the invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the seedling raising device provided by the invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

A hybrid rice seedling raising device, shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, comprising: a seedling raising plate 1 and a small chamber 2; wherein, the small chambers 2 comprise a plurality of small chambers which are uniformly and independently arranged at the bottom of the seedling raising plate 1; a plurality of through holes 3 are formed in the seedling raising plate 1; four edges of the bottom surface of the seedling raising plate 1 extend to the bottom respectively to form bottom edge extension parts 4; the edge of the side wall of the seedling raising plate 1 extends outwards to form a side edge extension part 5; a supporting seat 6 is arranged at the junction of the extending parts 5 at two adjacent sides; each small chamber 2 is formed by connecting and fixing four ribs 7 end to end; the length of the supporting seat 6 is greater than the height of the bottom edge extension part 4; a plurality of baffle plates 7 are arranged in the bottom edge extension part 4 and the side edge extension part 5; and a fixing plate 8 is arranged in the middle of the side extending part 5.

Example 2

The method for raising the seedlings by using the hybrid rice seedling raising device comprises the following steps of:

1) seed soaking: after sun-seeding, soaking seeds for 6 hours, fishing out and draining for 2 hours, soaking the seeds for 6 hours again, fishing out and draining for 2 hours, then soaking the seeds for 8 hours again, fishing out and draining after seed soaking, and waiting for seeding;

2) and (3) germination accelerating at a proper temperature: after seed soaking, moisturizing, ventilating and accelerating germination for 18 hours at the temperature of 30-32 ℃, and then accelerating germination for 6 hours at the temperature of 26-28 ℃;

3) seeding with a seedling tray: sequentially paving bottom soil, sowing, watering and covering a substrate in the seedling raising tray; the distance between the top surface of the substrate and the edge of the top of the seedling-raising tray is 1-3 mm;

4) and (3) seedling emergence, aeration and moisturizing: after sowing, stacking 15-20 seedling plates together, wherein a space of 2-4mm is left between the left and right sides of the stacked seedling plates, and a space of 4-5mm is left between the upper and lower sides of the stacked seedling plates;

5) seedling raising after seedling emergence: after the seedlings are grown in a heat preservation way, the seedling raising plate is placed in a seedling raising field for raising the seedlings.

After the rice seedling tray is used for seeding, the moisture content of the substrate is 52% when the rice seedling tray is used for seeding by adopting the method and comparing the stacked tray with the non-stacked tray, the moisture content of the substrate of the stacked tray and the non-stacked tray is respectively 46% and 21% 60 hours after seeding, the moisture content of the substrate is respectively reduced by 11.5% and 59.6%, and the moisture preservation effect of the rice seedling tray is good. Compared with the traditional method for seedling raising without seedling emergence after seedling tray sowing, the seedling rate of the method and the contrast is respectively 84% and 61%, and the seedling rate of the method is improved by 23% compared with the contrast.

The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.