阅读说明：本技术 一种生菜叶下均匀补光的水培装置 (Water planting device of even light filling under lettuce leaf ) 是由 张蕾 田绍楠 王佳 杨亚平 隋媛媛 于海业 肖英奎 于 2021-09-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种生菜叶下均匀补光的水培装置,克服了生菜叶片受光不均匀与补光成本不能控制的问题,其包括营养液箱、控制系统、水培栽培床、齿轮齿条传动机构与LED补光单元；水培栽培床包括载物夹层、定植板与9个定植杯；齿轮齿条传动机构包括驱动齿条与9个齿轮；水培栽培床扣装在营养液箱顶端的开口上,齿轮齿条传动机构安装在水培栽培床内,9个齿轮套装在9个定植杯上粘接固定；控制系统通过其中的支撑面板安装在营养液箱中前箱壁的右上角处,控制系统的电动推杆与驱动齿条的一端焊接连接；LED补光单元的2条LED补光灯条沿定植板横向布置其上,LED补光单元的线槽安装在水培栽培床内的左端,线槽与载物夹层的4号侧壁接触连接。(The invention discloses a water culture device for uniformly supplementing light under lettuce leaves, which solves the problems that lettuce leaves are unevenly illuminated and the light supplementing cost cannot be controlled, and comprises a nutrient solution box, a control system, a water culture cultivation bed, a gear rack transmission mechanism and an LED light supplementing unit; the water culture bed comprises a loading interlayer, a planting plate and 9 planting cups; the gear rack transmission mechanism comprises a driving rack and 9 gears; the water culture bed is buckled on an opening at the top end of the nutrient solution box, the gear rack transmission mechanism is arranged in the water culture bed, and 9 gears are sleeved on 9 planting cups and are bonded and fixed; the control system is arranged at the upper right corner of the front box wall in the nutrient solution box through a support panel, and an electric push rod of the control system is welded with one end of the driving rack; 2 LED light filling lamp strips of LED light filling unit are transversely arranged on the planting plate, the wire casing of the LED light filling unit is arranged at the left end in the water planting cultivation bed, and the wire casing is in contact connection with the No. 4 side wall of the loading interlayer.)

1. A hydroponic device for uniformly supplementing light under lettuce leaves is characterized by comprising a nutrient solution box (1), a control system (2), a hydroponic culture bed (3), a gear and rack transmission mechanism (4) and an LED light supplementing unit (5);

the control system (2) comprises an electric push rod (8) and a support panel (7);

the water culture cultivation bed (3) comprises a loading interlayer (9), a planting plate (11) and 9 planting cups (12) with the same structure;

the gear rack transmission mechanism (4) comprises a driving rack (15) and 9 gears (18) with the same structure;

the LED light supplement unit (5) comprises 2 LED light supplement lamp bars (19) and wire grooves (20) which are the same in structure;

the top end opening of the nutrient solution box (1) is horizontally placed upwards, the water culture cultivation bed (3) is buckled on the opening at the top end of the nutrient solution box (1), and the bottom end surface of the periphery of the planting plate (11) is in contact connection with the top end surface of the opening of the nutrient solution box (1); the gear rack transmission mechanism (4) is arranged in the water culture bed (3), 9 gears (18) with the same structure are sleeved on 9 planting cups (12) with the same structure, and the two are bonded and fixed by waterproof glass cement; the control system (2) is arranged at the right upper corner of the middle front box wall of the nutrient solution box (1) through a supporting panel (7), and the rod head of the electric push rod (8) is welded with one end of the driving rack (15); 2 LED light filling lamp strips (19) with the same structure are arranged on the planting plate (11) in a transverse and mutually parallel mode, the wire grooves (20) are arranged at the left end in the water planting cultivation bed (3), and the wire grooves (20) are in contact connection with the inner wall of the No. 4 side wall (28) of the loading interlayer (9).

2. The hydroponic device for uniformly supplementing light under lettuce leaves as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nutrient solution box (1) is a rectangular box made of PP (polypropylene), and the length and the width of the box are equal and W is equal₁The height of the box body is h₁The height of the box body is smaller than the length or the width of the box body, and the box body is made of PP material plates with equal thickness;the symmetrical axes of the front box wall and the rear box wall right upper corner and the rear box wall left upper corner which are opposite to each other in the front and the rear, namely the right upper corner and the left upper corner of the front box wall and the rear box wall are respectively provided with 1 push rod which has the same structure and is used for installing an electric push rod (8), a driving rack (15) and a front box wall square through hole and a rear box wall square through hole of a driven rack (14), and the symmetrical axes of the front box wall and the rear box wall right upper corner and the rear box wall left upper corner which are opposite to each other in the front and the rear are respectively collinear in pairs; 2 cylindrical threaded through holes 1 and 2 for installing a support panel (7) are arranged in the right upper corner of the front box wall and below the square through hole of the front box wall along the horizontal direction.

3. The hydroponic device for supplementing light uniformly under lettuce leaves as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydroponic culture bed (3) further comprises 4 right-angle buckles (10) with the same structure;

fix a planting board (11) install on the top of carrying thing intermediate layer (9), 9 through-holes are adjusted well for coaxial center on fix a planting hole and the year thing intermediate layer (9) diapire on fix a planting board (11), the upper end arm and the lower extreme arm of the right angle buckle (10) that 4 structures are the same install respectively on fix a planting board (11) square recess with carry thing intermediate layer (9) on cuboid shape recess, and adopt countersunk screw with fix a planting board (11) and carry thing intermediate layer (9) fixed connection, 9 the same plant cup (12) of structure insert fix a planting board (11) and carry the thing intermediate layer (9) on 9 the same fix a planting hole of structure that adjust well with the coaxial center and 9 the same through-holes of structure, the ring shape tray bottom face on 9 the same plant cup (12) top of structure and fix a planting board (11) on 9 the same fix a planting hole department upper surface contact be connected.

4. The water planting device for the uniform light supplement under the lettuce leaves as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein the loading interlayer (9) is a square shell structure with an open upper end, and the length and the width of the loading interlayer (9) are equal and are W₅380 mm-390 mm, the carrying interlayer (9) is composed of a No. 1 side wall (25), a No. 2 side wall (26), a No. 3 side wall (27), a No. 4 side wall (28) and a bottom wall, and 3 rows and 3 columns of 9 total diameters d are arranged on the bottom wall of the carrying interlayer (9)₃Through hole of (d), diameter of through hole₃The outer diameter of the cup is equal to that of the planting cup (12), the circle center of the first through hole at the upper left corner and the distance between the outer end faces of the No. 4 side wall (28) and the No. 3 side wall (27) are both b₆The distance between the centers of two adjacent through holes in each row is L₃The distance between the centers of two adjacent through holes in each row is L₄；

The outer sides of two ends of the No. 2 side wall (26) and the No. 4 side wall (28) of the loading interlayer (9) are provided with cuboid-shaped grooves which are communicated up and down, and the length h of each cuboid-shaped groove₂The height of the carrier interlayer (9) is equal; a threaded through hole is formed in the center of the cuboid-shaped groove, and the structures of the threaded through holes of the grooves at the two ends of the No. 2 side wall (26) and the No. 4 side wall (28) are the same;

the left end and the right end of the No. 1 side wall (25) and the No. 3 side wall (27) of the loading interlayer (9) are respectively provided with a square through hole, the structures of the square through holes on the No. 1 side wall (25) and the No. 3 side wall (27) are the same, and the side length of each square through hole is W₈The distance between the symmetrical center of the square through hole and the bottom end surface of the carrying interlayer (9) is L₆The distance between the symmetric centers of the right square through holes and the right end of the No. 1 side wall (25), namely the right end surface of the No. 2 side wall (26), is L₇The distance between the symmetric center of the right square through hole at the left end and the left end of the No. 1 side wall (25), namely the left end surface of the No. 4 side wall (28), is P₃The symmetric centers of the square through holes on the left end and the right end of the No. 1 side wall (25) and the square through holes on the right end and the left end of the No. 3 side wall (27) are collinear respectively.

5. The hydroponic device for uniformly supplementing light under lettuce leaves as claimed in claim 1, wherein the planting plates (11) are rectangular plates made of PP (polypropylene), and the length of each planting plate (11) is W₁₂420-425 mm, and the width of the planting plate (11) is W₁₁400mm, the thickness of the planting plate (11) is h₆3 mm-5 mm, 2 square open grooves are symmetrically arranged at two longitudinal ends of the planting plate (11), the structures of the 4 square open grooves are the same, and the length of the wall of each square open groove is W₁₃20mm, the depth of the square opening groove is h₄2.8 mm-3 mm, a diameter d is arranged in each square opening groove, namely the groove bottom₅Countersunk head screwThe distance from the center of the countersunk screw hole to the longitudinal groove wall of the square opening groove is L₉The distance from the center of the countersunk head screw hole to the transverse groove wall of the square opening groove is L₁₀(ii) a The front and back of the left end of the field planting plate (11) are provided with 2 square through holes with the same structure and used for installing wires of the LED light supplementing lamp bar (19), the 2 square through holes with the same structure are arranged on the inner side of an opening groove of 2 squares arranged at the left end of the field planting plate (11), the 2 square through holes with the same structure are aligned with 2 square openings arranged on a wire groove (20) below the field planting plate (11), and the side length of the 2 square through holes with the same structure is W₁₄16 mm; the symmetrical centers of the 2 square through holes with the same structure are respectively a away from the upper long edge and the lower long edge of the planting plate (11)₃The short side of the symmetrical center distance planting plate (11) of 2 square through holes with the same structure is a₄(ii) a The planting plate (11) is uniformly provided with 3 planting holes for installing the planting cups (12), wherein each row is multiplied by 3, and 9 planting holes are formed in the planting plate, and the diameter of each planting hole is d₆(ii) a The distance from the center of the right row of planting holes to the outer wall of the short edge of the planting plate (11) is L₁₃The distance from the center of the planting hole in the line at the lowest to the outer wall of the long edge of the planting plate (11) is L₁₂The center distance of 2 adjacent planting holes in each row in the longitudinal direction is L₁₅The center distance of 2 adjacent planting holes in each transverse row is L₁₄(ii) a 9 planting holes with the same structure on the planting plate (11) and 9 diameters on the bottom wall of the loading interlayer (9) are d₃The through holes are aligned.

6. The water culture device for the uniform light supplement under the leaves of the lettuce as claimed in claim 1, wherein the support panel (7) is composed of a transverse cuboid plate (21) and a longitudinal cuboid plate (22) which are made of PP materials, the length, the width and the thickness of the transverse cuboid plate (21) are equal to those of the longitudinal cuboid plate (22), one end of the transverse cuboid plate (21) along the length direction is provided with 2 transverse plate cylindrical counter bores with the same structure, the distance between the 2 transverse plate cylindrical counter bores with the same structure is equal to the distance between the No. 1 cylindrical threaded through hole and the No. 2 cylindrical threaded through hole on the front box wall of the box body, the structure of the 2 transverse plate cylindrical counter bores with the same structure is equal to the diameter of the No. 1 cylindrical threaded through hole and the No. 2 cylindrical threaded through hole on the front box wall of the box body, the other end of the transverse cuboid plate (21) along the length direction and the bottom end of the longitudinal cuboid plate (22) along the length direction are vertically bonded and fixed into an L-shaped structural member by structural adhesive; the supporting panel (7) is fixedly arranged at the right upper corner of the front box wall of the box body by adopting a right-angle buckle (10) and an M5 countersunk head screw.

7. The hydroponic device for uniformly supplementing light under lettuce leaves as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gear rack transmission mechanism (4) further comprises a driven rack (14), a No. 1 linear guide rail (13), a No. 2 linear guide rail (17) and 4 ball antifriction mechanisms (16) with the same structure; wherein the driven rack (14) and the driving rack (15) are 2 straight racks with the same structure;

the linear guide rail (13) No. 1 is arranged at the left end of the loading interlayer (9) and is positioned at the right side of the wire groove (20), the linear guide rail (13) No. 1 is parallel to the wire groove (20) and is in contact connection with the right end face of the wire groove (20), a clamping groove with a square cross section on the linear guide rail (13) No. 1 points to the right side, 2 ball antifriction mechanisms (16) with the same structure are arranged in 2 rectangular grooves with the same structure on the linear guide rail (13 No. 1, a driven rack (14) is arranged in the clamping groove with the square cross section on the linear guide rail (13 No. 1, the lower end face of the driven rack (14) is in tangential contact with each steel ball (24) on the ball antifriction mechanism (16) embedded in the lower groove wall of the linear guide rail (13) No. 1, and simultaneously, the left end face of the driven rack (14) is in tangential contact with each steel ball (24) on the ball antifriction mechanism (16) embedded in the bottom groove wall of the linear guide rail (13) No. 1), the longitudinal central axis of the driven rack (14) is collinear with the longitudinal central axes of the square through holes on the No. 1 side wall (25) and the No. 3 side wall (27) at the upper left corner in the loading interlayer (9); the No. 2 linear guide rail (17) is arranged at the right end of the loading interlayer (9), the No. 2 linear guide rail (17) and the No. 2 side wall (26) of the loading interlayer (9) are parallel to each other and are in contact connection with the inner wall of the No. 2 side wall (26), a clamping groove with a square cross section on the No. 2 linear guide rail (17) points to the left side, 2 ball antifriction mechanisms (16) with the same structure are arranged in 2 grooves with the same structure on the No. 2 linear guide rail (17), a driving rack (15) is arranged in the clamping groove with the square cross section on the No. 2 linear guide rail (17), the lower end surface of the driving rack (15) is in tangential contact with each steel ball (24) embedded in the lower groove wall of the No. 2 linear guide rail (17) on the ball antifriction mechanism (16), meanwhile, the right end face of the driving rack (15) is in tangential contact with each steel ball (24) on a ball antifriction mechanism (16) embedded in the bottom groove wall of the No. 2 linear guide rail (17); 9 gears (18) with the same structure sleeved on 9 planting cups (12) with the same structure are arranged between a driven rack (14) and a driving rack (15) in a 3-row and 3-column mode, the driven rack (14) is meshed with 3 gears (18) with the same structure in a left column, the driving rack (15) is meshed with 3 gears (18) with the same structure in a right column, and adjacent 2 gears in each row of 3 gears (18) with the same structure are meshed.

8. The hydroponic device for uniformly supplementing light below lettuce leaves as claimed in claim 7, wherein the No. 1 linear guide rail (13) is a straight rod structural member made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and having a rectangular parallelepiped uniform cross section, a through clamping groove with a square cross section is formed in the No. 1 linear guide rail (13) inwards along the longitudinal side face, and the side width of the clamping groove is W₁₉The length of the clamping groove is equal to that of the No. 1 linear guide rail (13) and is L₁₇The horizontal central symmetry plane of the square clamping groove and the horizontal central symmetry plane of the No. 1 linear guide rail (13) are coplanar in the same horizontal plane, and the distance from the center of the clamping groove with the square cross section to the bottom end face of the No. 1 linear guide rail (13) is P₅(ii) a The inner sides of two groove walls of the clamping groove, namely the bottom groove wall and the lower groove wall are respectively provided with a long edge X wide edge with a cross section of W₂₀×W₂₁The rectangular through groove has two rectangular cross sections with the same structural size, and the length of the groove is equal to that of the square clamping groove with the cross section and is L₁₇The horizontal symmetrical plane of the rectangular groove on the bottom groove wall and the horizontal central symmetrical plane of the clamping groove with the square cross section are in the same horizontal plane, and the vertical central symmetrical plane of the rectangular groove on the lower groove wall and the vertical central symmetrical plane of the clamping groove with the square cross section are in the same vertical plane;

the No. 2 straight line guideThe rail (17) is a straight bar structural member made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene material and provided with a cuboid with an equal cross section, and the No. 2 linear guide rail (17) is longitudinally arranged and has a width W₁₈The side surface of the clamping groove is inwards provided with a through clamping groove with a square cross section, and the width of the side of the clamping groove is W₁₉The length of the clamping groove is equal to that of the No. 2 linear guide rail (17) and is L₂₀The length of the clamping groove, the length of the No. 2 linear guide rail (17) and the length of the No. 1 linear guide rail (13) are equal, the horizontal central symmetry plane of the clamping groove with the square cross section and the horizontal central symmetry plane of the No. 2 linear guide rail (17) are coplanar in the same horizontal plane, and the distance from the center of the clamping groove with the square cross section to the bottom end face of the No. 2 linear guide rail (17) is L₂₁(ii) a The inner sides of two groove walls of the clamping groove, namely the lower groove wall and the bottom groove wall, are respectively provided with a long edge X a wide edge W of a cross section₂₀×W₂₁The cross section of the groove for installing the ball antifriction mechanism (16) is rectangular, the two grooves with rectangular cross sections have the same structural size, and the length of the groove is L when being equal to that of the clamping groove with square cross section₂₀The horizontal symmetrical plane of the groove on the bottom groove wall and the horizontal central symmetrical plane of the clamping groove with the square cross section are in the same horizontal plane, and the vertical central symmetrical plane of the rectangular groove on the lower groove wall and the vertical central symmetrical plane of the square clamping groove are coplanar in the same vertical plane.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a light supplementing device in the field of soilless culture, in particular to a water culture device for supplementing light uniformly under lettuce leaves, which aims at insufficient illumination of the lower surfaces of the lettuce leaves and has a uniform light supplementing function.

Background

Hydroponics (Hydroponics) is used as a soilless culture mode, is mainly applied to planting of leafy vegetables, flowers and partial medicinal plants, supplies water, nutrients and the like to the plants from root systems through nutrient solution, and is widely applied to the fields of plant factories, greenhouse production and family planting; due to insufficient illumination in facilities and household indoor planting, the yield of vegetable crops can be limited, and the soilless culture device with the light supplementing function has good market demand all the time.

The invention relates to a water culture device which is designed by fully and uniformly utilizing and distributing artificial supplementary illumination, wherein light is one of important influence factors of plant growth and development and has important influence on plant photosynthesis, photomorphogenesis and yield improvement of vegetable crops.

In nature or facility production, the upper surface of the blade can be illuminated more, and the conventional light supplementing device and the technical scheme are designed for the upper surface of the blade. However, the lower surface of the leaf also has chloroplast distribution, and the stomata distribution is more than that of the upper surface, so that the light supplement of the lower surface of the leaf also has an important effect on improving the photosynthesis efficiency of plants. At present, preliminary research about an under-leaf light supplement mode is carried out, but the light supplement method has the problem of uneven under-leaf light supplement due to the fact that the light bands are fixedly arranged on the two sides of a plant, and the new problems of high temperature of the lower surface of a blade and high light supplement electric energy input can be brought by increasing the light supplement uniformity. Therefore, the research on the hydroponics device which can uniformly supplement light under the vegetable leaves and reduce energy input to a certain extent can further promote the light energy utilization rate of the vegetables and improve the yield, and meanwhile, the device utilizes the original upper-layer light supplement device of the leaves as much as possible and reduces the electric energy input as much as possible, so that the device has important practical value.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems that lettuce leaves are not uniformly illuminated and the light supplement cost cannot be controlled in the prior art, and provides a water culture device for uniformly supplementing light under lettuce leaves.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: the water culture device for uniformly supplementing light under lettuce leaves comprises a nutrient solution box, a control system, a water culture bed, a gear and rack transmission mechanism and an LED light supplementing unit;

the control system comprises an electric push rod and a support panel;

the water culture bed comprises a loading interlayer, a planting plate and 9 planting cups with the same structure;

the gear rack transmission mechanism comprises a driving rack and 9 gears with the same structure;

the LED light supplement unit comprises 2 LED light supplement lamp bars and wire grooves with the same structure;

the opening at the top end of the nutrient solution box is horizontally placed upwards, the water culture bed is buckled on the opening at the top end of the nutrient solution box, and the bottom end surface of the periphery of the planting plate is in contact connection with the top end surface of the opening of the nutrient solution box; the gear rack transmission mechanism is arranged in the water culture bed, 9 gears with the same structure are sleeved on 9 planting cups with the same structure, and the gear rack transmission mechanism and the 9 planting cups are bonded and fixed by waterproof glass cement; the control system is arranged at the upper right corner of the front box wall in the nutrient solution box through a support panel, and a rod head of the electric push rod is welded with one end of the driving rack; 2 LED light filling lamp strips that the structure is the same arrange on the field planting board along horizontal mutual parallelism, the left end department in the water planting cultivation bed is installed to the wire casing, and the wire casing is connected with the inner wall contact of carrying interbedded No. 4 lateral walls.

In the technical scheme, the nutrient solution box is a rectangular box body made of PP material, and the length and the width of the box body are equal and are W₁The height of the box body is h₁The height of the box body is smaller than the length or the width of the box body, and the box body is made of PP material plates with equal thickness; the symmetrical axes of the front box wall and the rear box wall right upper corner and the rear box wall left upper corner which are respectively opposite are respectively two-two collinear, wherein the two symmetrical axes are respectively arranged at the front and rear 2 box walls, namely the right upper corner and the left upper corner of the front box wall and the rear box wall, and are respectively provided with 1 push rod with the same structure and used for installing an electric push rod and a front box wall square through hole and a rear box wall square through hole of a driving rack and a driven rack; 2 cylindrical screw thread through holes 1 and 2 cylindrical screw thread through holes 2 for installing the support panel are arranged in the right upper corner of the front box wall and below the square through hole of the front box wall along the horizontal direction.

The hydroponic culture bed in the technical scheme further comprises 4 right-angle buckles with the same structure;

the field planting board install on carrying the interbedded top of thing, 9 through-holes are adjusted well for coaxial-center on the last 9 field planting holes of field planting board and the year thing intermediate layer diapire, the upper end arm and the lower extreme arm of the right angle buckle that 4 structures are the same are installed respectively on the field planting board in square recess and year thing intermediate layer cuboid shape recess, and adopt countersunk screw with field planting board and year thing intermediate layer fixed connection, 9 field planting cups that 9 structures are the same insert the field planting board with carry in the interbedded 9 field planting holes that adjust well with the coaxial-center and 9 through-holes that the structure is the same, the ring shape tray bottom face on 9 field planting cup tops that the structure is the same is connected with the last surface contact of 9 field planting hole departments that the structure is the same on the field planting board.

The technical scheme is that the object carrying interlayer is a square shell structural member with an open upper end, and the length and the width of the object carrying interlayer are equal and are W₅380mm ~ 390mm, carry the thing intermediate layer and constitute by No. 1 lateral wall, No. 2 lateral wall, No. 3 lateral wall, No. 4 lateral wall and diapire, be provided with on the diapire of carrying the thing intermediate layer 3 lines of 3 and arrange totally 9 diameters and be d₃Through hole of (d), diameter of through hole₃Outside the planting cupThe diameters are equal, the circle center of the first through hole at the upper left corner and the distance between the No. 4 side wall and the outer end face of the No. 3 side wall are both b₆The distance between the centers of two adjacent through holes in each row is L₃The distance between the centers of two adjacent through holes in each row is L₄；

The outer sides of two ends of the No. 2 side wall and the No. 4 side wall of the loading interlayer are provided with cuboid-shaped grooves which are communicated up and down, and the length h of each cuboid-shaped groove₂The height of the carrier interlayer is equal to that of the carrier interlayer; a threaded through hole is formed in the center of the cuboid-shaped groove, and the structures of the threaded through holes of the grooves at two ends of the No. 2 side wall and the No. 4 side wall are the same;

the left end and the right end of the side wall No. 1 and the side wall No. 3 of the loading interlayer are respectively provided with a square through hole, the structures of the square through holes on the side wall No. 1 and the side wall No. 3 are the same, and the side length of each square through hole is W₈The distance between the symmetric center of the square through hole and the bottom end surface of the loading interlayer is L₆The distance between the symmetric center of the square through hole at the right end and the right end of the No. 1 side wall, namely the right end surface of the No. 2 side wall is L₇The distance between the symmetric center of the right square through hole at the left end and the left end of the No. 1 side wall, namely the left end surface of the No. 4 side wall is P₃And the symmetric centers of the square through holes on the left end and the right end of the No. 1 side wall and the symmetric centers of the square through holes on the right end and the left end of the No. 3 side wall are collinear respectively.

In the technical scheme, the planting plate is a rectangular plate made of PP (polypropylene) material, and the length of the planting plate is W₁₂420-425 mm, and the width of the planting plate is W₁₁400mm thick, the thickness of the planting plate is h₆The two longitudinal ends of the planting plate are symmetrically provided with 2 square open grooves, the structures of the 4 square open grooves are the same, and the length of the wall of each square open groove is W₁₃20mm, the opening depth of the square groove is h₄2.8 mm-3 mm, a diameter d is arranged in each square opening groove, namely the groove bottom₅The length of the center of the countersunk screw hole from the longitudinal groove wall of the square opening groove is L₉The distance from the center of the countersunk head screw hole to the transverse groove wall of the square opening groove is L₁₀(ii) a 2 installation devices with the same structure are arranged in the front and at the back of the left end of the planting plateThe square through hole of LED light filling lamp strip electric wire, 2 square through holes that the structure is the same are in the inboard of the opening recess of 2 squares that field planting board left end set up, 2 square through holes that the structure is the same and install 2 square openings on the wire casing of field planting board below and aim at, the length of side of 2 square through holes that the structure is the same is W₁₄16 mm; the symmetrical centers of the 2 square through holes with the same structure are respectively a away from the upper long edge and the lower long edge of the field planting plate₃The short edge of the planting plate is a between the symmetrical centers of the 2 square through holes with the same structure₄(ii) a 3/each row of the planting plates is multiplied by 3 rows of 9 planting holes for installing the planting cups, and the diameter of each planting hole is d₆(ii) a The distance from the center of the right row of planting holes to the outer wall of the short edge of the planting plate is L₁₃The distance from the center of the planting hole in the line at the lowest to the outer wall of the long edge of the planting plate is L₁₂The center distance of 2 adjacent planting holes in each row in the longitudinal direction is L₁₅The center distance of 2 adjacent planting holes in each transverse row is L₁₄(ii) a 9 planting holes with the same structure on the planting plate and 9 diameters on the bottom wall of the loading interlayer are d₃The through holes are aligned.

The supporting panel in the technical proposal is composed of a transverse cuboid plate and a longitudinal cuboid plate which are made of PP materials, the length, the width and the thickness of the transverse cuboid plate and the length of the longitudinal cuboid plate, the width and the thickness of the transverse cuboid plate are equal, 2 transverse plate cylindrical counter bores with the same structure are arranged at one end of the transverse cuboid plate along the length direction, the distance between the 2 transverse plate cylindrical counter bores with the same structure is equal to the distance between the cylindrical threaded through hole 1 on the front box wall of the box body and the cylindrical threaded through hole 2, the structure of the transverse plate cylindrical counter bores with the same structure is equal to the diameter of the cylindrical threaded through hole 1 on the front box wall of the box body and the diameter of the cylindrical threaded through hole 2, and the other end of the transverse cuboid plate along the length direction and the bottom end of the longitudinal cuboid plate along the length direction are vertically bonded and fixed into an L-shaped structural member by structural adhesive; the supporting panel is fixedly arranged at the right upper corner of the front box wall of the box body by adopting a right-angle buckle and an M5 countersunk head screw.

The gear rack transmission mechanism in the technical scheme further comprises a driven rack, a No. 1 linear guide rail, a No. 2 linear guide rail and 4 ball antifriction mechanisms with the same structure; wherein the driven rack and the driving rack are 2 straight racks with the same structure; the No. 1 linear guide rail is arranged at the left end of the loading interlayer and is positioned at the right side of the wire groove, the No. 1 linear guide rail is parallel to the wire groove and is in contact connection with the right end face of the wire groove, the cross section on the No. 1 linear guide rail is square, the clamping groove points to the right side, 2 ball antifriction mechanisms with the same structure are arranged in 2 grooves with the same structure on the No. 1 linear guide rail, the driven rack is arranged in the clamping groove with the square cross section on the No. 1 linear guide rail, the lower end face of the driven rack is in tangential contact with each steel ball on the ball antifriction mechanism embedded in the lower groove wall of the No. 1 linear guide rail, meanwhile, the left end face of the driven rack is in tangential contact with each steel ball on the ball antifriction mechanism embedded in the bottom groove wall of the No. 1 linear guide rail, and the longitudinal central axis of the driven rack is collinear with the longitudinal central axis of the No. 1 side wall at the upper left corner in the loading interlayer and the longitudinal central axis of the square through hole on the No. 3 side wall; the No. 2 linear guide rail is arranged at the right end of the loading interlayer, the No. 2 linear guide rail and the No. 2 side wall of the loading interlayer are parallel to each other and are in contact connection with the inner wall of the No. 2 side wall, the cross section on the No. 2 linear guide rail is square, the clamping groove points to the left side, 2 ball antifriction mechanisms with the same structure are arranged in 2 grooves with the same structure on the No. 2 linear guide rail, the driving rack is arranged in the clamping groove with the square cross section on the No. 2 linear guide rail, the lower end surface of the driving rack is in tangential contact with each steel ball on the ball antifriction mechanism embedded in the lower groove wall of the No. 2 linear guide rail, and the right end surface of the driving rack is in tangential contact with each steel ball on the ball antifriction mechanism embedded in the bottom groove wall of the No. 2 linear guide rail; 9 gears with the same structure sleeved on 9 planting cups with the same structure are arranged between a driven rack and a driving rack in a 3-row and 3-column mode, the driven rack is in meshed connection with 3 gears with the same structure on the left column, the driving rack is in meshed connection with 3 gears with the same structure on the right column, and adjacent 2 gears in 3 gears with the same structure on each row are in meshed connection.

In the technical scheme, the No. 1 linear guide rail is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and the likeThe cross section is a cuboid straight-bar structural member, a through clamping groove with a square cross section is inwards arranged on the No. 1 linear guide rail along the longitudinal side surface, and the width of the side of the clamping groove is W₁₉The length of the clamping groove is equal to that of the No. 1 linear guide rail and is L₁₇The horizontal central symmetry plane of the square clamping groove and the horizontal central symmetry plane of the No. 1 linear guide rail are coplanar in the same horizontal plane, and the distance from the center of the clamping groove with the square cross section to the bottom end face of the No. 1 linear guide rail is P₅(ii) a The inner sides of two groove walls of the clamping groove, namely the bottom groove wall and the lower groove wall are respectively provided with a long edge X wide edge with a cross section of W₂₀×W₂₁The rectangular through groove has two rectangular cross sections with the same structural size, and the length of the groove is equal to that of the square clamping groove with the cross section and is L₁₇The horizontal symmetrical plane of the rectangular groove on the bottom groove wall and the horizontal central symmetrical plane of the clamping groove with the square cross section are in the same horizontal plane, and the vertical central symmetrical plane of the rectangular groove on the lower groove wall and the vertical central symmetrical plane of the clamping groove with the square cross section are in the same vertical plane;

no. 2 linear guide be the straight-bar structural component of the cuboid of equal cross section of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene material, No. 2 linear guide is along vertical and width for W₁₈The side surface of the clamping groove is inwards provided with a through clamping groove with a square cross section, and the width of the side of the clamping groove is W₁₉The length of the clamping groove is equal to that of the No. 2 linear guide rail and is L₂₀The length of the clamping groove, the length of the No. 2 linear guide rail and the length of the No. 1 linear guide rail are equal, the horizontal central symmetry plane of the clamping groove with the square cross section and the horizontal central symmetry plane of the No. 2 linear guide rail are coplanar in the same horizontal plane, and the distance from the center of the clamping groove with the square cross section to the bottom end face of the No. 2 linear guide rail is L₂₁(ii) a The inner sides of two groove walls of the clamping groove, namely the lower groove wall and the bottom groove wall, are respectively provided with a long edge X a wide edge W of a cross section₂₀×W₂₁The cross section of the groove for installing the ball antifriction mechanism is rectangular, the two grooves with rectangular cross sections have the same structural size, and the length of each groove is L as long as that of each clamping groove with square cross section₂₀The transverse symmetrical plane of the groove on the bottom groove wall is positioned on the horizontal central symmetrical plane of the clamping groove with the square cross sectionIn the same horizontal plane, the vertical central symmetry plane of the rectangular groove on the lower groove wall and the vertical central symmetry plane of the square clamping groove are coplanar in the same vertical plane.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the water culture device for uniformly supplementing light under lettuce leaves has the advantages of easily available materials, simple design and strong universality, can be used in cooperation with the light supplementing device on the upper surface of the existing leaf, and has certain popularization;

2. according to the hydroponic device for uniformly supplementing light under the leaves of the lettuce, the problem of insufficient light under the low canopy leaves is solved by rotating the planting cup, and the total light receiving intensity of the leaves of the whole plant is improved;

3. the hydroponic device for uniformly supplementing light under lettuce leaves can be used for controlling the unit operation time of the electric push rod to be 12s and the working stroke to be 85.6mm in each unit working time by the single chip microcomputer, so that the light supplementing strategy can be accurately executed.

Drawings

The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is an axonometric projection view of the structure of the hydroponic device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves, which is disclosed by the invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the structure of the water culture device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves;

FIG. 3 is an axonometric projection view of the internal structure of the hydroponic device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves, provided by the invention, after a planting plate is removed;

FIG. 4 is an axonometric projection view of the nutrient solution box structure adopted in the hydroponic device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a front view of the structure of a nutrient solution box adopted in the hydroponic device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves;

FIG. 6 is an axonometric projection view of a completely retracted state of an electric push rod on a nutrient solution box in the hydroponic device for uniformly supplementing light under lettuce leaves, which is disclosed by the invention;

FIG. 7 is an axonometric projection view of the upper support panel structure of the nutrient solution box in the hydroponic device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves of the invention;

FIG. 8 is a top view of a structure of a supporting panel on a nutrient solution box in the hydroponic device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is an axonometric view of the structure of the hydroponic culture bed in the hydroponic device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is an axonometric view of the interlayer structure of the water culture device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves;

FIG. 11 is a top view of the interlayer structure of the water culture device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves;

FIG. 12 is a left side view of the composition of the object carrying sandwich structure in the hydroponic device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves according to the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a front view of the composition of the object-carrying sandwich structure of the hydroponic device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves according to the present invention;

FIG. 14 is an axonometric projection view of the plate structure of the field planting device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves in the invention;

FIG. 15 is a right side view of the structure of a field planting plate in the hydroponic device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves according to the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a top view of a plate structure of a field planting device of the water planting device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves;

FIG. 17 is an axonometric projection view of a right-angle buckle structure in the hydroponic device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves of the invention;

FIG. 18 is an axonometric projection view of the structure of the planting cup in the hydroponic device for uniform light supplement under the lettuce leaves;

FIG. 19 is an axonometric projection view of the structure of a rack and pinion transmission mechanism in the hydroponic device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves of the present invention;

FIG. 20 is an axonometric projection view of a driving rack or a driven rack structure in the hydroponic device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves of the invention;

FIG. 21 is a top view of a driving rack or a driven rack structure in the hydroponic device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves according to the present invention;

FIG. 22 is an axonometric projection view of gear structures in the hydroponic device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves, which is disclosed by the invention;

FIG. 23 is an axonometric projection view of the No. 1 linear guide rail structure in the hydroponic device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves of the present invention;

FIG. 24 is a front view of a No. 1 linear guide rail structure in the hydroponic device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves;

FIG. 25 is an axonometric projection view of the No. 2 linear guide rail structure in the hydroponic device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves of the present invention;

FIG. 26 is a front view of a No. 2 linear guide rail structure in the hydroponic device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves;

FIG. 27 is an axonometric projection view of the structure of a ball antifriction mechanism in the hydroponic device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves of the invention;

FIG. 28 is an axonometric projection view of the positional relationship among a driving rack, a No. 2 linear guide rail and a steel ball antifriction mechanism in the hydroponic device for uniformly supplementing light under lettuce leaves of the invention;

FIG. 29 is an axonometric projection view of the line groove structure of the hydroponic device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves of the present invention;

FIG. 30 is a top view of the line groove structure of the hydroponic device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves according to the present invention;

FIG. 31 is a schematic view of a gear and rack transmission mechanism adopted in the hydroponic device for uniform light supplement under lettuce leaves according to the present invention;

in the figure: 1. the water planting machine comprises a nutrient solution box, a control system, a water planting culture bed, a gear and rack transmission mechanism, an LED light supplement unit, a single chip microcomputer, a supporting panel, an electric push rod, a loading interlayer, a right-angle buckle, a planting plate, a planting cup, a number 13.1 linear guide rail, a driven rack, a driving rack, a number 15 linear guide rail, a number 16 ball friction reducing mechanism, a number 17.2 linear guide rail, a number 18 gear, a number 19 LED light supplement lamp bar, a line groove, a number 21 transverse cuboid plate, a number 22 longitudinal cuboid plate, a number 23 steel ball retainer, a number 24 steel ball, a number 25.1 side wall, a number 26.2 side wall, a number 27.3 side wall, a number 28.4 side wall, a number 29 electric push rod motor and a bottom boss of the electric push rod.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:

referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the hydroponic device for uniformly supplementing light under lettuce leaves comprises a nutrient solution box 1, a control system 2, a hydroponic culture bed 3, a gear and rack transmission mechanism 4 and an LED light supplementing unit 5;

referring to fig. 4 and 5, the nutrient solution tank 1 is a rectangular box body;

the nutrient solution box 1 is a rectangular shell made of PP material, and the length and the width of the box body are equal and are W₁The height of the box body is h₁The height of the box body is smaller than the length or the width of the box body, and the box body is made of PP material plates with equal thickness; the front and back 2 box walls of the box body, namely the upper right corner and the upper left corner of the front box wall and the rear box wall, are respectively provided with 1 square through hole and a square through hole of the rear box wall which are identical in structure, the symmetrical axes of the front upper left corner and the upper right corner of the box body, which are respectively opposite, are respectively collinear in pairs, the 2 square through holes at the upper left corner are used for mounting a driven rack 14, and the 2 square through holes at the upper right corner are used for mounting a push rod of an electric push rod 8 and a driving rack 15; 2 cylindrical threaded through holes (No. 1) and cylindrical threaded through holes (No. 2) for mounting a support panel 7 are arranged in the right upper corner of the front box wall and below the square through hole of the front box wall along the horizontal direction;

length W of case in the examples₁X width W₁X height h₁400mm is 150mm, the thickness of the PP plate is a₁Is 13mm, and the right upper corners of 2 opposite box walls at the front and the back of the box bodyThe center point of the square through hole is a distance b from the upper surface₁Is 4mm and is a distance b from the outer wall surface of the right box wall₂Is 20 mm; the distance P from the central point of the square through hole at the left upper corner of the front and back opposite 2 box walls of the box body to the upper surface₁Is 4mm and is away from the outer wall surface of the left box wall by a distance P₂40.88 mm; b from the top end face of the box body₃45mm away from the outer wall surface b of the right box wall of the box body₄An aperture d is arranged at the position of 25mm₁Is a No. 1 cylindrical threaded through hole with the diameter of 5mm and is away from the top end face b of the box body₃The distance b between the center of the cylindrical threaded through hole and the center of the No. 1 cylindrical threaded through hole is 45mm₅A No. 2 cylindrical threaded through hole with the same structure is arranged at the position of 50 mm;

referring to fig. 6 and 7, the control system 2 includes an electric push rod 8, a single chip microcomputer 6 and a support panel 7;

referring to fig. 6, the electric push rod 8 is an electric drive mechanism capable of changing the rotary motion of a motor into the linear reciprocating motion of the push rod, a DC 24V direct current electric push rod is adopted, the maximum effective stroke of the electric push rod 8 is greater than the indexing circumference of the gear 18, it is ensured that each gear 18 can rotate for one circle after the push rod moves to the maximum stroke position, the electric push rod 8 is a combined mechanism of a cylindrical direct current electric push rod motor 29, a cuboid push rod mechanism and a boss 30 at the bottom end of the electric push rod, 2 lines of the electric push rod 8 are connected with the positive and negative electrodes, the positive and negative electrodes are interchanged to control the push rod to be pushed out and withdrawn, when the push rod runs to one end, namely the maximum effective stroke, the direct current electric push rod motor 29 on the electric push rod automatically rotates reversely, and the rod head of the electric push rod 8 is welded with one end of the drive rack 15;

the maximum effective stroke of the electric push rod 8 selected in the embodiment is 350mm, the length of the electric push rod in a fully retracted state is 505mm, the total length of the electric push rod after being fully extended is 855mm, the width multiplied by the length of the bottom surface of the boss 30 at the bottom end of the electric push rod is 40mm multiplied by 80mm, the working speed is 7mm/s, and the thrust is 500 kg;

referring to fig. 7 and 8, the supporting panel 7 is composed of a transverse rectangular plate 21 and a longitudinal rectangular plate 22 made of PP material, the length, width and thickness of the transverse rectangular plate 21 are equal to those of the longitudinal rectangular plate 22, and the length, width and thickness of the transverse rectangular plate 21 are equal to those of the longitudinal rectangular plate 22One end of degree direction is provided with the cylindrical counter bore of 2 horizontal plates that the structure is the same, the distance between the cylindrical counter bore of 2 horizontal plates that the structure is the same and the distance between cylindrical screw through hole of 1 on the preceding tank wall of box and the cylindrical screw through hole of 2 equals, the aperture of the cylindrical counter bore of 2 horizontal plates that the structure is the same and the aperture of cylindrical screw through hole of 1 on the preceding tank wall of box are the same with cylindrical screw through hole of 2, horizontal cuboid plate 21 still is provided with 4 diameters and is d₈Referring to fig. 3-3, starting from the upper right-hand threaded through hole, the threaded through holes are sequentially named as a threaded through hole No. 3, a threaded through hole No. 4, a threaded through hole No. 5 and a threaded through hole No. 6 in an anticlockwise direction, wherein the axes of revolution of the threaded through holes No. 3 and No. 4 are in the same horizontal plane, the axes of revolution of the threaded through holes No. 5 and No. 6 are in the other horizontal plane, the axes of revolution of the threaded through holes No. 3 and No. 6 are in the same vertical plane, and the axes of revolution of the threaded through holes No. 4 and No. 5 are in the other vertical plane; the other end of the transverse cuboid plate 21 in the length direction and the bottom end of the longitudinal cuboid plate 22 in the length direction are vertically bonded and fixed by structural adhesive to form an L-shaped structural member; the support panel 7 and the right-angle buckle 10 are fixedly installed through M5 countersunk bolts, the right-angle buckle 10 is fixedly installed at two threaded holes in the upper right corner of the front box wall of the box body through M5 screws, and the support panel 7 is used for fixedly installing the electric push rod 8 and the single chip microcomputer 6.

Length W of the transverse rectangular plate member 21 in the embodiment₃X width W₄X thickness a₂Is 100mm multiplied by 50mm multiplied by 10mm, and the length W of the longitudinal rectangular plate 22₃X width W₄X thickness a₂100mm is multiplied by 50mm is multiplied by 10mm, and two sides L of the transverse symmetrical center line of the transverse cuboid plate 21₁The positions 25mm away from the center are respectively provided with an aperture d₂Is a 5mm cylindrical counter bore of the transverse plate, and the distance L from the cylindrical counter bore of the transverse plate to the long edge end face of the transverse cuboid plate 21₂Is 9 mm; the distance between the center points of No. 3 and No. 4 threaded through holes and the end surface of the short side at the upper side of the transverse cuboid plate 21 is a₅5mm, and the center distance between No. 3 and No. 4 threaded through holes is L₁₉30mm, with No. 3 threaded through hole centerThe distance from the end face of the long side of the right side of the rectangular plate 21 is L₂₂The center distance between No. 4 and No. 5 threaded through holes is L (5 mm)₂₃50 mm; support panel 7 adopts M5 countersunk head bolt and right angle buckle 10 fixed mounting through horizontal cuboid plate 21, adopts the 5mm screw to install right angle buckle 10 in the upper right corner screw hole department of box front cabinet wall.

The single chip microcomputer 6 adopts a common 51-in-the-middle single chip microcomputer development board and comprises an STC89C52 single chip microcomputer chip, a single chip microcomputer minimum system, an AD/DA conversion module, a clock module, a stepping motor drive and 4-path 5V relay module, the relay module is connected with an I/O port of the single chip microcomputer, the state change is realized by controlling the output ports of the relays, only two output ports of the relays are in a suction state each time, and the four I/O ports of the relays are given to output high and low levels to control the opening and closing of the relays so as to realize the positive connection and reverse connection control of the power supply of the electric push rod 8;

the bottom surface of the electric push rod 8 is fixedly bonded to the back of the longitudinal cuboid plate 22 of the support panel 7, namely the inner side surface of the support panel 7, through structural adhesive, the distance from the horizontal symmetry plane of the cylindrical push rod on the electric push rod 8 to the upper surface of the longitudinal cuboid plate 22 is 10.85mm, and the distance from the vertical symmetry plane of the cylindrical push rod on the electric push rod 8 to the right end surface of the longitudinal cuboid plate 22 is 19.88 mm; the single chip microcomputer 6 is fixedly installed at the position of a No. 3-6 threaded through hole in the transverse cuboid plate 21 through an M3 screw;

referring to fig. 9, the water culture bed 3 comprises a loading interlayer 9, a planting plate 11, 9 planting cups 12 with the same structure and 4 right-angle fasteners 10 with the same structure;

referring to fig. 10 and 11, the carrier layer 9 is a square structural member with an open upper end, and the length and the width of the carrier layer 9 are both W₅(380 mm-390 mm), the carrier interlayer 9 is composed of a No. 1 side wall 25, a No. 2 side wall 26, a No. 3 side wall 27, a No. 4 side wall 28 and a bottom wall, and the bottom wall of the carrier interlayer 9 is provided with 3 rows and 3 columns of 9 with the diameters d₃Through hole of (d), diameter of through hole₃The circle center of the first through hole at the upper left corner and the outer end surfaces of the No. 4 side wall 28 and the No. 3 side wall 27 are equal to the outer diameter of the planting cup 12All distances are b₆The distance between the centers of two adjacent through holes in each row is L₃The distance between the centers of two adjacent through holes in each row is L₄；

Referring to fig. 11 and 12, the length and width W of the carrier layer 9 in the embodiment₅Has a height of 387mm and a height h₂25mm, the wall thickness of the shell is 10 mm; diameter d of 9 through holes of identical structure₃Is 50mm, the circle center of the first through hole at the upper left corner and the distance between the outer end faces of the No. 4 side wall 28 and the No. 3 side wall 27 are both b₆Namely 73.5mm, and the center distance L between two adjacent through holes in each row₃Are all 120mm, and the center distance L between every two adjacent through holes₄Are all 109 mm;

referring to fig. 11 and 12, the outer sides of the two ends of the No. 2 side wall 26 and the No. 4 side wall 28 of the carrier sandwich layer 9 are provided with a through-going rectangular groove, and the length h of the rectangular groove₂The height of the carrier layer 9 is equal; the center of the cuboid groove is provided with a diameter d₄The structure of the threaded through hole of the groove at the two ends of the No. 2 side wall 26 and the No. 4 side wall 28 is the same;

length h of grooves in the examples₂X groove width W₇X groove depth h₃Is 25mm multiplied by 20mm multiplied by 3mm, and the symmetrical center of the groove is separated from the outer end face of the No. 1 side wall 25 by a distance L₅25mm, the diameter d of the central through hole at the center of the cuboid-shaped groove₄Is 5 mm;

referring to fig. 10 and 13, square through holes are respectively formed at the left and right ends of the side walls 25 and 27 of the carrier layer 9, the side lengths of the square through holes are W, and the structures of the square through holes on the side walls 25 and 27 of the carrier layer 1 are the same as those of the square through holes on the side walls 27 of the carrier layer 3₈The distance between the symmetric center of the square through hole and the bottom end surface of the carrier interlayer 9 is L₆The distance from the symmetric center of the square through hole at the right end to the right end of the No. 1 side wall 25, namely the right end face of the No. 2 side wall 26 is L₇The distance from the symmetric center of the square through hole at the left end to the left end of the No. 1 side wall 25, namely the left end surface of the No. 4 side wall 28 is P₃The symmetric centers of the square through holes on the left end and the right end of the No. 1 side wall 25 and the square through holes on the left end and the right end of the No. 3 side wall 27 are respectively collinear;

square in the examplesSide length W of the through hole₈Is 15mm multiplied by 15mm, the symmetrical center of the square through hole is far from the bottom end face L of the carrier interlayer 9₆12.5mm, the symmetric center of the square through hole at the right end is separated from the right end of the No. 1 side wall 25, namely the right end face L of the No. 2 side wall 26₇Is 13mm, the symmetrical center of the square through hole at the left end is far from the left end of the No. 1 side wall 25, namely the left end surface P of the No. 4 side wall 28₃34.38 mm;

referring to fig. 14, 15 and 16, the planting plate 11 is a rectangular plate made of PP, and the length of the planting plate 11 is W₁₂(420 mm-425 mm), the width of the planting plate 11 is W₁₁(400mm), the thickness of the planting plate 11 is h₆(3 mm-5 mm), 2 square grooves are symmetrically arranged at the two longitudinal ends of the planting plate 11, the groove structures of the 4 squares are the same, and the length of the groove wall of each square groove is W₁₃(20mm) and the depth of the square groove is h₄(2.8 mm-3 mm), a diameter d is arranged in each square opening groove, namely the groove bottom₅The length of the center of the countersunk screw hole from the longitudinal groove wall of the square opening groove is L₉The distance from the center of the countersunk head screw hole to the transverse groove wall of the square opening groove is L₁₀；

Be provided with 2 square through-holes that the structure is the same around 11 (left) ends of field planting board, guarantee that the electric wire of LED light filling lamp strip 19 can insert wantonly and stretch out and regular arranging, 2 square through-holes that the structure is the same are in the inboard of the opening recess of 2 squares that this end set up, 2 square through-holes that the structure is the same and install 2 square openings on wire casing 20 of field planting board 11 below and adjust well, 2 square through-holes that the structure is the same side length is W₁₄(16 mm); the symmetrical centers of the 2 square through holes with the same structure are respectively a away from the upper long edge and the lower long edge of the planting plate 11₃The short side of the symmetrical center distance planting plate 11 of 2 square through holes with the same structure is a₄(ii) a 3/each row of the planting plates 11 is multiplied by 3 rows of 9 planting holes for planting crop seedlings uniformly, and the diameter of each planting hole is d₆(ii) a The distance from the center of the right row of planting holes to the outer wall of the short edge of the planting plate 11 is L₁₃The center of the planting hole of the bottom row reaches the long edge of the planting plate 11The distance of the outer wall is L₁₂The center distance of 2 adjacent planting holes in each row in the longitudinal direction is L₁₅The center distance of 2 adjacent planting holes in each transverse row is L₁₄(ii) a 9 same-structure field planting holes on the field planting plate 11 for field planting crop seedlings and 9 same-structure diameters on the bottom wall of the carrier interlayer 9 are d₆Is relatively positive;

in the embodiment, the length of the planting plate 11 is W₁₂421mm, the width of the planting plate 11 is W₁₁400mm thick h₆5 mm; the width W of the square opening groove on the planting plate 11₁₃20mm, square opening groove depth h₄Is 3mm, the diameter d of the countersunk head screw hole arranged in the square opening groove₅Is 5mm, the center of the countersunk head screw hole is L away from the inner side of the square opening groove₉The distance between the center of the countersunk head screw hole and the transverse groove wall of the square opening groove is L₁₀5 mm; side length W of two square through holes with same structure₁₄Is 16mm, the distance between the symmetrical center of the square through hole and one long edge of the planting plate 11 is a₃19.5mm, the symmetrical center of the square through hole is a from the short side of the planting plate 11₄31.2mm, 2 square through holes center distance L₁₁Is 360 mm;

diameter d of planting hole₆The size is 50mm, and the distance L from the center of the right row of planting holes to the outer wall of the short side of the planting plate 11₁₃Is 90.7mm, and the distance L from the center of the planting hole in the bottom row to the outer wall of the long edge of the planting plate 11₁₂Is 80mm, and the center distance L of 2 adjacent planting holes in each row in the longitudinal direction₁₅Is 109mm, and the center distance L of each row of 2 adjacent planting holes in the transverse direction₁₄Is 120 mm;

referring to fig. 17 and 18, there is shown a right angle snap 10 and a planting cup 12, respectively, both of which are standard components; the right-angle buckle 10 is 7632-20 in model; the right-angle buckle 10 is an L-shaped stainless steel part, and the length c of two end walls of the right-angle buckle 10₁And c₂Equal, right angle buckle 10 width c of both end walls₃And thickness c₄And are equal, two end walls are respectively provided with a diameter c₅The countersunk head through hole and the right-angle buckle 10 are used for carrying the object interlayer 9 and plantingThe connection and fixation of the two plates 11;

the planting cup 12 adopts a 50# planting cup, the planting cup 12 is a cylindrical plastic shell component, a circular ring-shaped tray is arranged on the top end outwards along the radial direction and is placed on the planting plate 11, the plane of the circular ring-shaped tray is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the planting cup 12, and the outer diameter c of the planting cup 12 is₇Diameter d of through hole on bottom wall of object carrying interlayer 9₃The diameter D of the hole in the planting plate 11, the hole in the bottom wall of the object carrying interlayer 9, the planting cup 12 and the through hole in the bottom wall of the object carrying interlayer 9 are collinear with the rotation axis of the gear, the planting plate 11 is installed at the top end of the object carrying interlayer 9 and fixed by a right-angle clamping opening 10, the planting cup 12 is inserted into the planting hole in the planting plate 11 and the through hole in the bottom wall of the object carrying interlayer 9, the circular tray of the planting cup 12 is naturally placed on the top end face of the planting plate 11, the gear 18 is sleeved on the planting cup 12 and is fixedly bonded by waterproof glass cement, the transverse symmetrical plane of the gear is parallel to the upper end face and the lower end face of the planting plate 11, and the distance from the lower end face of the planting plate 11 is 10.85 mm;

diameter c of countersunk through holes in two end walls of right-angle buckle 10 in the embodiment₅Length c of two end walls 5mm₁And c₂Equal to 20mm, thickness c of both end walls₄2.8mm, width c of both ends₃Is 16 mm; diameter c of the annular tray at the top of the planting cup 12₆100mm, outer diameter c of the planting cup 12₇Is 50mm, the overall height c of the planting cup 12₈The lower part of the planting cup 12 extends out of the water planting bed 3 and is ensured to be immersed into the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution box 1, namely to be contacted with the nutrient solution, and the diameter is 70 mm.

Field planting board 11 install on the top of carrying thing intermediate layer 9, 9 through-holes are placed with the axle center cooperation respectively on 9 field planting holes and the 9 diapire of year thing intermediate layer on the field planting board 11, install the upper end wall and the lower extreme wall of 4 right angle buckle 10 respectively in the square recess of field planting board 11 and the rectangular bodily form recess that carries thing intermediate layer 9, and adopt the fixed three of M5 countersunk screw connection, with the direct lock of the above-mentioned part that assembles on the top of nutrient solution case 1, place field planting cup 12 in inserting field planting board 11 and the through-hole that carries thing intermediate layer 9 for the axle center, the ring shape tray on field planting cup 12 top is placed on field planting board 11 upper surface naturally.

Referring to fig. 19, the rack-and-pinion transmission mechanism 4 includes a driven rack 14, a driving rack 15, 9 gears 18 with the same structure, a No. 1 linear guide rail 13, a No. 2 linear guide rail 17, and a ball antifriction mechanism 16; wherein the driven rack 14 and the driving rack 15 are 2 straight racks with the same structure;

referring to fig. 20, the driven rack 14 and the driving rack 15 are straight rod type structural members having the same structural parameters and rectangular cross sections, a side surface of the driven rack 14 and the driving rack 15 along the longitudinal direction is provided with straight teeth having a standard modulus, and the length of the driven rack 14 and the driving rack 15 is L₁₆370 mm-380 mm;

referring to fig. 21, the modulus of the driven rack 14 and the driving rack 15 in the embodiment is 1, the pressure angle is 20 °, and the cross section (without teeth) is the side length F₁10mm square, total rack height F₂Length L of the driven rack 14 and the driving rack 15 of 11mm₁₆The diameter is 377mm, and the driven rack 14 and the driving rack 15 are made of 45# steel;

referring to fig. 22, the gear 18 is a spur gear, and has 3 rows × 3 columns of 9, each gear 18 has the same structural parameters, the modulus is 1, the number of teeth is 109, the diameter of a reference circle is 109mm, the pressure angle is 20 °, the thickness of the gear is 10mm, the diameter of a central shaft hole of the gear 18 is 50mm, no key groove is formed, and the gear 18 is made of 45# steel;

referring to fig. 23 and 24, the No. 1 linear guide rail 13 is a straight rod structural member made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and having a rectangular uniform cross section, a through slot having a square cross section is inwardly arranged along a longitudinal side of the No. 1 linear guide rail 13, and the width of the slot is W₁₉The length of the clamping groove is equal to that of the No. 1 linear guide rail 13 and is L₁₇The horizontal central symmetry plane of the square clamping groove and the horizontal central symmetry plane of the No. 1 linear guide rail 13 are coplanar in the same horizontal plane, and the distance from the center of the square clamping groove to the bottom end face of the No. 1 linear guide rail 13 is P in the cross section₅(ii) a The inner sides of two slot walls (bottom slot wall and lower slot wall) of the slot are respectively provided with a long edge W and a wide edge W₂₀×W₂₁The two rectangles of the grooveThe groove structure has the same size, and the length of the rectangular groove is L equal to that of the square clamping groove₁₇The horizontal symmetrical plane of the rectangular groove on the bottom groove wall and the horizontal central symmetrical plane of the clamping groove with the square cross section are in the same horizontal plane, and the vertical central symmetrical plane of the rectangular groove on the lower groove wall and the vertical central symmetrical plane of the square clamping groove are in the same vertical plane;

example No. 1 Linear guide 13 Cross section side width W₁₅X side width W₁₅18mm multiplied by 18mm, length L of No. 1 linear guide rail 13₁₇Is 377mm and has a slot edge width W₁₉Is 12mm, and the length L of the clamping groove₁₇Is 377mm, and the distance P from the center of the square clamping groove to the bottom end surface of the No. 1 linear guide rail 13₅Is 12 mm; rectangular groove long edge W on two groove walls of clamping groove₂₀X wide side W₂₁10mm multiplied by 2mm, the length L of the groove₁₇The diameter is 377mm, and the ball antifriction mechanisms 16 are respectively bonded in the two rectangular grooves;

referring to fig. 25 and 26, the No. 2 linear guide 17 has a structure similar to that of the No. 1 linear guide 13, and is a rectangular straight rod structural member with an equal cross section made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, the No. 2 linear guide 17 is provided with a through slot with a square cross section inwards along a longitudinal side, and the width of the slot is W₁₉The length of the clamping groove is equal to that of the No. 2 linear guide rail 17 and is L₂₀And the length of the two is equal to that of the No. 1 linear guide rail 13, the horizontal central symmetry plane of the square clamping groove and the horizontal central symmetry plane of the No. 2 linear guide rail 17 are coplanar in the same horizontal plane, and the distance from the center of the square clamping groove to the bottom end face of the No. 2 linear guide rail 17 is L in the cross section₂₁(ii) a Two slot walls of the slot, namely the inner sides of the bottom slot wall and the lower slot wall are respectively provided with a long edge multiplied by a wide edge W₂₀×W₂₁The cross section of the groove is a rectangular through groove, the two grooves with the rectangular cross sections have the same structural size, and the length of each groove is L as long as that of the clamping groove with the square cross section₂₀The horizontal symmetrical plane of the groove on the bottom groove wall and the horizontal central symmetrical plane of the clamping groove with the square cross section are in the same horizontal plane, and the vertical central symmetrical plane of the rectangular groove on the lower groove wall and the vertical central symmetrical plane of the square clamping groove are in the same vertical planeIn-plane;

long side W of cross section of No. 2 linear guide 17 in the embodiment₁₇X wide side W₁₈Is 18mm multiplied by 15mm, and the length L of No. 2 linear guide rail 17₂₀Is 377mm and has a slot edge width W₁₉Is 12mm, and the length L of the clamping groove₂₀Is 377mm, and the distance L from the center of the square clamping groove to the bottom end surface of the No. 2 linear guide rail 17₂₁Is 9 mm; rectangular groove long edge W on two groove walls of clamping groove₂₀X wide side W₂₁10mm multiplied by 2mm, the length L of the groove₂₀The diameter is 377mm, and the ball antifriction mechanisms 16 are respectively bonded in the two rectangular grooves;

the horizontal central symmetry planes of the square clamping groove of the No. 1 linear guide rail 13, the square clamping groove of the No. 2 linear guide rail 17 and the gear 18 are all in the same horizontal plane, the outer bottom wall surface and the outer lower wall surface of the No. 2 linear guide rail 17 are respectively contacted with the inner side wall surface and the inner bottom wall surface of the No. 2 side wall 26 of the loading interlayer 9, the outer bottom wall surface and the outer lower wall surface are fixedly bonded through waterproof glass cement, and the distance between the upper end surface of the No. 2 linear guide rail 17 and the lower end surface of the field planting plate 11 is 1.85 mm; the outer lower wall surface of the No. 1 linear guide rail 13 is in contact with the inner bottom wall surface of the loading interlayer 9, the outer lower wall surface and the inner bottom wall surface are fixedly bonded through waterproof glass cement, the left end surface of the No. 1 linear guide rail 13 is in contact with the right end surface of the wire groove 20, the two end surfaces are fixedly bonded through the waterproof glass cement, and the distance between the upper end surface of the No. 1 linear guide rail 13 and the lower end surface of the planting plate 11 is also 1.85 mm;

referring to fig. 27, the ball antifriction mechanism 16 is composed of 37 steel balls 24 and a steel ball retainer 23 with the same structure;

the steel ball retainer 23 is a rectangular structure made of stainless steel, and the long side x wide side of the steel ball retainer 23 are W₂₃×W₂₂Height of h₅The height of the steel ball retainer 23 is equal to the width of the rectangular groove in the No. 1 linear guide rail 13 and the No. 2 linear guide rail 17 so as to ensure that the steel ball retainer 23 can be just adhered in the rectangular grooves of the No. 1 linear guide rail 13 and the No. 2 linear guide rail 17, the bottom surface of the steel ball retainer 23 is contacted with the bottom surface of the rectangular groove, and a row of steel ball retainer 23 with the diameter d is equidistantly arranged₇The diameter of the hemispherical groove and the diameter of the steel ball 24Equal, the distance between the centers of two adjacent semispherical grooves is P₆(ii) a The steel ball 24 is made of stainless steel and has a diameter d₇Each steel ball 24 is arranged in a hemispherical groove of the steel ball retainer 23;

long side W of steel ball retainer 23 in the embodiment₂₃X wide side W₂₂377mm x 10mm, height h₅Is 2mm, and a total of 37 diameters d are arranged on the steel ball retainer 23 at equal intervals₇Is 2mm of hemispherical grooves, and the center-to-center distance P of each hemispherical groove₆Is 10 mm; the steel ball 24 is made of stainless steel material with the diameter d₇Each steel ball 24 is arranged in a groove of the steel ball retainer 23, and the spherical center of the steel ball 24 is concentric with the spherical center of the spherical groove on the steel ball retainer 23;

referring to fig. 19 and 28, the bottom surfaces of 4 steel ball retainers 23 are bonded and fixed on the bottom walls of 2 rectangular grooves of a No. 1 linear guide rail 13 and a No. 2 linear guide rail 17 respectively through structural adhesives, the upper and lower 2 end surfaces of 2 steel ball retainers 23 are respectively in contact connection with the upper and lower end surfaces of the rectangular grooves on the bottom groove walls of the No. 1 linear guide rail 13 and the No. 2 linear guide rail 17 respectively, the left and right end surfaces of the other two steel ball retainers 23 are respectively in contact connection with the left and right end surfaces of the rectangular grooves on the lower groove walls of the No. 1 linear guide rail 13 and the No. 2 linear guide rail 17 respectively, steel balls 24 in the steel ball retainers 23 face square clamping grooves in the linear guide rails, the driving rack 15 is installed in the square clamping groove position in the No. 2 linear guide rail 17, the lower end surface of the driving rack 15 is in tangential contact with each steel ball 24 on the ball friction reducing mechanism 16 embedded in the lower groove wall of the No. 2 linear guide rail 17, meanwhile, the right end face of the driving rack 15 is in tangential contact with each steel ball 24 on the ball antifriction mechanism 16 embedded in the bottom groove wall of the No. 1 linear guide rail 17, the horizontal central symmetry plane of the driving rack 15 is coplanar with the horizontal central symmetry plane of the gear 18, the distance between the horizontal central symmetry plane of the driving rack 15 and the bottom end face of the field planting plate 11 is 10.85mm, the longitudinal central axis of the driving rack 15 and the longitudinal central axis of the square through hole on the No. 1 side wall 25 and the No. 3 side wall 27 at the upper right corner in the loading interlayer 9 are collinear, the tooth surface of the driving rack 15 is meshed with 3 gears 18 with the same structure in the right row, 2 gears 18 in each row are meshed for transmission, the rotation axis of each gear 18 is respectively collinear with the rotation axis of the through hole on the bottom wall of the loading interlayer 9, the driven rack 14 is installed in the square clamping groove in the No. 1 linear guide rail 13, the 3 gears 18 with the same structure in the left row are meshed with the tooth surface of the driven rack 14, the horizontal central symmetry plane of the driven rack 14 is coplanar with the horizontal central symmetry plane of the gear 18 and is 10.85mm away from the lower end face of the planting plate 11, the lower end face of the driven rack 14 is in tangential contact with each steel ball 24 on the ball antifriction mechanism 16 embedded in the lower groove wall of the No. 1 linear guide rail 13, the left end face of the driven rack 14 is in tangential contact with each steel ball 24 on the ball antifriction mechanism 16 embedded in the bottom groove wall of the No. 1 linear guide rail 13, and the longitudinal central axis of the driven rack 14 is collinear with the longitudinal central axis of the square through hole on the No. 1 side wall 25 and the No. 3 side wall 27 at the upper left corner in the loading interlayer 9.

Referring to fig. 1 and 29, the LED light supplement unit 5 includes 2 LED light supplement light bars 19 and a wire casing 20 with the same structure;

the LED light supplement lamp strip 19 selects a DC 12V soft lamp strip with the model number of 5050 plant light supplement lamp strip, and the red-blue ratio is 5: 1, the wavelength of red light is 640nm, the wavelength of blue light is 460nm, the total length of a single light bar is 500cm, the light bar can be freely cut according to the length of an actually cultivated plant, and the length of an LED light supplement light bar 19 in the embodiment is 380 mm;

referring to fig. 29 and 30, the wire groove 20 is a hollow tubular structure made of PP material and having a square ring-shaped cross section, and the side length of the square ring-shaped cross section is W₉The length of the slot 20 is L₈The two ends of the wire groove 20 are provided with square openings on the same side wall, and the side length of each opening is W₁₀(ii) a The wire groove 20 is arranged on the object carrying interlayer 9, one side wall surface of the wire groove 20 and the inner side surface of the No. 4 side wall 28 on the object carrying interlayer 9 are fixedly bonded by waterproof glass cement, 2 square openings on the wire groove 20 face upwards, and the other side wall surface of the wire groove 20 and the No. 1 linear guide rail 13 are fixedly bonded by waterproof glass cement;

in the embodiment, the side length W of the square ring cross section₉Is 18mm, the length L of the wire groove 20₈377mm, the thickness of the tube wall is about 1mm, and the side length W of the opening₁₀16mm × 16 mm; the wire groove 20 is used for supplementing light to the LED light bar 19The wires are managed in a unified mode, and wiring is standardized.

The utility model provides a hydroponic device of even light filling under lettuce leaf's theory of operation:

install LED light filling lamp strip 19 on field planting board 11, it is fixed to bond through heat-conducting glue between the two, be used for dispelling the heat to LED light filling lamp strip 19 simultaneously, avoid the burning of LED light filling lamp strip 19 to plant leaf, the light direction of LED light filling lamp strip 19 upwards shines top plant leaf, two LED light filling lamp strip 19 intervals can be according to field planting board 11 last through-hole centre-to-centre spacing free adjustment arrange, two LED light filling lamp strip 19 intervals are L in the embodiment₁When the diameter is 113mm, the electrified wire enters from the opening at one end of the wire slot 20 and is led out from the opening at the other end; each gear 18 in the gear rack transmission mechanism 4 is respectively sleeved on a planting cup 12 of a water planting cultivation bed 3, the gear 18 and the planting cup 12 are bonded and fixed by waterproof glass cement, wherein the planting cup 12, a through hole on a planting plate 11, a through hole on the bottom wall of a carrying interlayer 9 and the gear 18 are coaxially corresponding, and the gear rack transmission mechanism 4 is integrally installed in the carrying interlayer 9 in the water planting cultivation bed 3; fix back lock on the box through right angle buckle 10 between water planting cultivation bed 3 and the field planting board, carry on the top face of box by field planting board 11, a side end face and the 8 member heads of electric putter pass through welded fastening and are connected with transmission power, electric putter 8's linear motion drives drive rack 15 motion, and then drive 18 realization rotations of the gear with it meshing, mesh respectively between every 3 adjacent two of every line of gear 18 and realize rotating, finally realize that gear 18 drives the rotation of every plant cup 12, singlechip 6 connects relay control electric putter 8 and realizes the accurate light filling of adjusting of timing distance.

Referring to fig. 31, the light supplement period is set to 8 hours every day, the single chip microcomputer 6 controls the electric push rod 8 to drive the driving rack 15 to advance forward by 85.6mm every 1 hour, the required maximum working stroke is reached in 4 hours, the retracting action is performed from the 5 th hour, the driving rack 15 returns to the initial position after 8 hours, the driving rack 15 is meshed with the gears 18 to enable each gear 18 to drive the planting cup 12 to rotate by 90 degrees every hour, the back 1/4 of each plant leaf is irradiated by the LED light supplement lamp bar 19 every 1 hour, and light supplement is completely completed on the whole plant leaf every 4 hours.