阅读说明：本技术 一种安全壳的外挂撞击防护结构 (External collision protection structure of containment ) 是由 郭全全 王泽易 勾永宝 于 2021-08-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种安全壳的外挂撞击防护结构,包括设置在安全壳表面的预埋连接件、外挂防护板,外挂防护板通过干挂方法连接成整体设置在预埋连接件的表面。本发明的技术方案施工速度快,通过干挂预制板即可完成；造价低,维护方便；可以保证冲击、火灾作用下安全壳的结构安全。(The invention discloses an external collision protection structure of a containment, which comprises an embedded connecting piece and an external protection plate, wherein the embedded connecting piece and the external protection plate are arranged on the surface of the containment, and the external protection plate is connected into a whole and arranged on the surface of the embedded connecting piece through a dry hanging method. The technical scheme of the invention has high construction speed and can be finished by dry hanging the prefabricated slab; the manufacturing cost is low, and the maintenance is convenient; the safety of the containment vessel under the action of impact and fire can be ensured.)

1. The external impact protection structure of the containment is characterized by comprising an embedded connecting piece (1) and an external protection plate (2) which are arranged on the outer surface of the containment, wherein the external protection plate (2) is arranged on the surface of the embedded connecting piece (1).

2. The external collision protection structure of the containment vessel according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the external protection plate (2) satisfies the following requirements:

wherein f is the impact force on the containment vessel and is determined according to the bearing capacity of the actual containment vessel; m and v are the mass and impact velocity of the external impact object, respectively; h is the thickness of the external protection plate.

3. The external impact protection structure for the containment vessel as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the external protection plate (2) is made of inorganic porous material.

4. The external collision protection structure of the containment vessel as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the external protection plate (2) is connected into a whole by a dry hanging method.

5. The external impact protection structure for the containment vessel as claimed in claim 3, wherein the external protection plate (2) is made of autoclaved aerated concrete, foamed concrete, porous ceramic or foamed aluminum.

6. The external collision protection structure of the containment vessel is characterized in that a fiber cloth or an aluminum plate is wrapped outside the external protection plate (2) to form a sandwich composite plate.

7. The external impact protection structure of the containment vessel as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the embedded connecting member (1) is an insert plate hanger comprising a bent plate (5) and an insert plate (6), wherein the bent plate (5) is embedded in the outer surface of the containment vessel to connect the containment vessel with the insert plate (6), and the insert plate (6) is connected with the bent plate (5) and the external protection plate (2).

8. The external impact protection structure of the containment vessel as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the embedded connecting members (1) are back bolt hangers, each back bolt hanger comprises a channel steel (7), an angle steel (8), an aluminum alloy connecting assembly (9) and a back bolt (10), the channel steel (7) is embedded and connected to the outer surface of the containment vessel and connected with the angle steel (8), the aluminum alloy connecting assembly (9) is connected with the external protection plate (2) and the angle steel (8), and the back bolt (10) is arranged on the back surface of the external protection plate (2) and used for fixing the external protection plate (2).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear safety protection, and particularly relates to a structure for protecting a nuclear reactor containment from external impacts of airplanes, missiles, tornadoes and the like.

Background

The nuclear reactor containment is the last barrier of the reactor to design and severe accidents to control and limit the diffusion of radioactive materials to protect public safety. The various types of impact events are external events that need to be considered in containment design and operation. It is stated in our national design safety regulations for nuclear power plants (HAF102-2016) that the design must properly account for internal hazards such as fire, explosion, flooding, missiles, structural collapse and weight fall, pipe whip, jet blast, and fluid release from damaged systems or other facilities in the field (5.1.5.4). In addition, NB/T20105-2012 design load specification of nuclear power plant buildings and NB/T20303-2014 design specification of prestressed concrete containment vessel of pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant indicate that: the impact action of airplanes, tornadoes and other flying objects needs to be considered during the structural design. The american ASME code system and french RCC code system also require consideration of the impact loads generated by tornado missiles, aircraft impact structures. Therefore, it is desirable to ensure structural safety of the containment vessel under external impact loads.

Chinese patent publication No. CN112064794A discloses a containment protection structure and a containment protection system, and discloses a containment protection structure composed of a protection element and a buffer element. The protection piece is arranged outside the containment vessel and is made of steel and used for resisting external impact objects; the buffer member is an air bag, comprises a first air bag (air) and a second air bag (nitrogen and inert gas), and is arranged between the protection member and the containment vessel for reducing the impact speed, reducing the impact force and preventing the fire from spreading.

Chinese patent publication No. CN110043099A discloses a containment protection structure in which a reinforced concrete shell is separately provided outside a containment, and chinese patent publication No. CN208122396U discloses a containment protection structure in which an arc-shaped structural wall is provided outside a plant. Both of these methods protect against external impacts through the outer shell or outer wall.

The prior art has the following technical problems: 1) the steel protection frame made of high-strength steel and the air bag made of a low-permeability material with high toughness, high elasticity and incombustibility are high in manufacturing cost and maintenance difficulty, and the efficiency and reliability of damping and energy consumption of the air bag are low. 2) The adoption of the double-shell or special-shaped wall body not only has high manufacturing cost, but also can cause large occupied area of the containment and the protection structure thereof and increase the design difficulty of equipment such as a penetrating piece and the like. Meanwhile, the distance between the nuclear island and the wall and the position requirement of the arrangement of the items in the nuclear island are improved, and the arrangement flexibility is reduced. In addition, the risk of fuel oil cannot be effectively resisted.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the requirement of containment vessel collision protection, the invention provides an externally hung protection structure, which has the following specific technical scheme: the external impact protection structure of the containment comprises an embedded connecting piece and an external protection plate, wherein the embedded connecting piece is arranged on the outer surface of the containment, and the external protection plate is arranged on the surface of the embedded connecting piece.

Further, the thickness of the external hanging protective plate meets the following requirements:

wherein f is the impact force on the containment vessel and is determined according to the bearing capacity of the actual containment vessel; m and v are the mass and impact velocity of the external impact object, respectively; h is the thickness of the external protection plate.

Furthermore, the external protection plates are connected into a whole through a dry hanging method.

Further, the external hanging protection plate is made of an inorganic porous material.

Furthermore, the external hanging protection plate is made of autoclaved aerated concrete, foam concrete, porous ceramic or foamed aluminum.

Further, the outer portion of the external protection plate is wrapped with fiber cloth or an aluminum plate to form the sandwich composite plate.

Further, pre-buried connecting piece is the picture peg pendant, the picture peg pendant includes bent plate and picture peg, wherein, the bent plate is pre-buried in the containment surface, connect the containment with the picture peg, the picture peg is connected the bent plate with external guard plate.

Furthermore, the embedded connecting piece is a back bolt hanging piece, the back bolt hanging piece comprises a channel steel, an angle steel, an aluminum alloy connecting assembly and a back bolt, the channel steel is embedded and connected to the outer surface of the containment shell and connected with the angle steel, the aluminum alloy connecting assembly is connected with the external protection plate and the angle steel, and the back bolt is arranged on the back of the external protection plate and used for fixing the external protection plate.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the construction speed is high, and the construction can be finished by hanging the external protection plate in a dry mode;

2. the invention has low cost and convenient maintenance;

3. the invention can ensure the structural safety of the containment vessel under the action of impact and fire.

Drawings

In order to illustrate embodiments of the present invention or technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the drawings which are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, so that the features and advantages of the present invention can be understood more clearly by referring to the drawings, which are schematic and should not be construed as limiting the present invention in any way, and for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained on the basis of these drawings without any inventive effort. Wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a board hanger;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a back hitch;

FIG. 4 is a comparison of impact force time course curves with and without damping material;

FIG. 5 is a time course curve of the impact force of the foam concrete at different impact speeds;

FIG. 6 is a time course curve of impact force for different thicknesses of the external protective plate.

The reference numbers illustrate:

1-embedding a connecting piece; 2-an external protection plate; 3-a containment vessel; 4-peripheral factory building structure; 5-bending the plate; 6-inserting plates; 7-channel steel; 8-angle steel; 9-aluminum alloy connecting components; 10-Back bolt.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the external impact protection structure of the containment vessel is characterized by comprising an embedded connector 1 and an external protection plate 2, wherein the embedded connector 1 and the external protection plate 2 are arranged on the outer surface of the containment vessel, and the external protection plate 2 is arranged on the surface of the embedded connector 1. After the impact is finished, the installation of the protection structure can be quickly finished by replacing and removing the damaged external protection plate 2, and the structural safety of the containment is ensured.

In some embodiments, the thickness of the external protection board 2 satisfies:

wherein f is the impact force on the containment vessel, and is determined according to the bearing capacity of the actual containment vessel, and can be provided after a designer designs the containment vessel; m and v are the mass and impact velocity of the external impact object, respectively; h is the thickness of the external protection plate.

In some embodiments, the external protection panel 2 is made of an inorganic porous material. The inorganic porous material has better energy absorption characteristic due to the existence of the internal cell body, so that the safety of the structure of the containment under the action of external impact load can be ensured. Meanwhile, gas in the cell body can play a role in heat insulation, so that the adverse effect of fire caused by fuel oil combustion on the containment vessel is reduced. After the impact is finished, the installation of the protection structure can be quickly finished by replacing the damaged prefabricated plate, and the structural safety of the containment vessel is ensured.

The energy absorbing material should have the following principle: the energy conversion achieved by material and structural deformation should be irreversible; during an impact collision, the materials and structure are such that the peak reaction force should remain below the damage-causing threshold; the magnitude of the reaction of the energy absorbing structure must be limited and made almost constant; the energy absorbing material should be lightweight and have a high specific energy absorption, i.e. energy absorption capacity per unit weight. Therefore, the invention selects inorganic porous materials to manufacture the external protective plate 2.

In some embodiments, the external protection plates 2 are connected into a whole through a dry hanging method, so that the construction difficulty is reduced, and the dry hanging method can refer to the Chinese specification 'dry hanging decorative stone and metal hangers thereof' (JC 830.1-830.2-2005).

In some embodiments, the external protection plate 2 is autoclaved aerated concrete, foamed concrete, porous ceramic or foamed aluminum.

In some embodiments, the outer hanging protection plate 2 is wrapped with a fiber cloth or an aluminum plate to form a sandwich composite plate.

The structure of the invention has low cost, and high environmental stability under severe working conditions of high temperature, high humidity and the like; the construction and the maintenance are convenient; the protection structure can effectively ensure the structural safety of the containment under the action of external impact load; the protective structure is capable of preventing or reducing the adverse effect on the containment vessel caused by the fire disaster after the collision of the commercial large aircraft; the protective structure should be easily replaceable after a possible crash accident.

In some embodiments, the embedded connecting member 1 is a plug board hanger, and the plug board hanger includes a bent board 5 and a plug board 6, wherein the bent board 5 is embedded in the outer surface of the containment vessel to connect the containment vessel with the plug board 6, and the plug board 6 connects the bent board 5 with the external protection board 2.

In some embodiments, the embedded connector 1 is a back bolt hanger, and the back bolt hanger includes a channel steel 7, an angle steel 8, an aluminum alloy connection assembly 9, and a back bolt 10, wherein the channel steel 7 is embedded and connected to the outer surface of the containment vessel and connected to the angle steel 8, the aluminum alloy connection assembly 9 connects the external protection plate 2 and the angle steel 8, and the back bolt 10 is disposed on the back of the external protection plate 2 for fixing the external protection plate 2.

For the convenience of understanding the above technical aspects of the present invention, the following detailed description will be given of the above technical aspects of the present invention by way of specific examples.

Example 1

The external protection plate is made of autoclaved aerated concrete, aiming at the buffering and vibration damping effects of the autoclaved aerated concrete, the material performance test and the scale test are compared, and both tests are completed by adopting a drop hammer impact test device. Firstly, according to the material performance, the time curve of the impact force when the damping material-autoclaved aerated concrete exists is shown in fig. 4, and it can be seen that the peak value of the impact force can be effectively reduced after the autoclaved aerated concrete is added as the buffering and damping material.

Aiming at the scale test, the impact force time-course curves of different external protective plate thicknesses are compared, as shown in table 1, it can be seen that under the working condition, the thicker the external protective plate thickness is, the more beneficial to reducing the impact force peak value is.

TABLE 1 impact force Peak comparison

And then, analyzing the response condition when different thicknesses of the autoclaved aerated concrete externally-hung protective plates are placed in the actual plant under the working condition of falling of the heavy objects by a finite element simulation method.

The analysis results of a certain position 1 in the plant are shown in a table 2, wherein the impact force peak values and the maximum concrete tensile strain of the peripheral side wall and the bottom floor of the external protection plate are summarized. Analysis shows that after the external protection plate is placed, impact force peak values and concrete tensile strain at the side wall and the floor slab can be effectively reduced, and therefore damage to a structural structure caused by impact is reduced.

TABLE 2 comparison of structural response at position 1 under three conditions

The analysis results of a certain position 2 in the plant are shown in a table 3, wherein the impact force peak values of the peripheral side wall and the bottom floor of the external protection plate and the maximum tensile strain of the concrete are summarized. Analysis shows that after the protection plates are placed, impact force peak values and concrete tensile strain at the side walls and the floor slabs can be effectively reduced, and therefore damage to the structure caused by impact is reduced. A comprehensive comparison of the data in tables 2 and 3 shows that there is an optimum value for the thickness of the protective plate, at which the damage reduction is best. However, when the thickness of the protective plate is further increased, damage to the structure by the impact is increased.

TABLE 3 comparison of structural response at position 2 under three conditions

Example 2

The external hanging protection plate is made of foam concrete, and the material performance test and the scale reduction test are compared aiming at the buffering and vibration reduction effects of the foam concrete. The material performance test result is shown in fig. 5, and it can be seen that when the drop hammer impacts the foam concrete, the impact force time course curve shows the characteristics of a typical porous material, namely, the impact force is low, the duration is long, and the energy absorption capacity is good. On the basis, a reduced scale experiment is designed, and different thicknesses of the external hanging protective plates are adopted for comparison (figure 6). It can be seen that the adoption of the foam concrete as the external protection plate can also ensure that the impact force peak value is lower and the duration is longer, thereby providing the effects of buffering and vibration reduction; and the thicker the thickness, the more obvious the effect.

Example 3

The external protection plate is made of foamed aluminum, and material performance tests are designed for comparison aiming at the buffering and vibration damping effects of the foamed aluminum, and the comparison result is shown in table 4.

TABLE 4 impact test results for foamed aluminum

In conclusion, the adoption of the inorganic porous material can effectively reduce the impact force peak value during impact action and reduce the tensile strain development of concrete. Therefore, inorganic porous materials can be used as buffering and externally-hung protection plates to reduce the damage of the structure under the impact action and ensure the safety of the structure.

The technical scheme of the invention has high construction speed and can be finished by dry hanging the prefabricated slab; the manufacturing cost is low, and the maintenance is convenient; the safety of the containment vessel under the action of impact and fire can be ensured.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.