阅读说明：本技术 一种宽带高增益双圆极化微带天线及通讯装置 (Broadband high-gain dual-circular polarization microstrip antenna and communication device ) 是由 曹振新 谢梦亭 许湘剑 陈伟荣 于 2021-08-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种宽带高增益双圆极化微带天线及通讯装置,属于通信设备技术领域。微带天线包括第一介质层、第二介质层和第三介质层,三个介质层依次自上而下平行布置；第一辐射层,其形成于第一介质层顶面；第二辐射层,其形成于第一介质层和第二介质层之间；发射天线反射层,其形成于第二介质层和第三介质层之间；接地板,其形成于发射天线反射层和第三介质层之间；馈电层,其形成于发射天线反射层和接地板之间；接收端,其一端与接收天线馈源连接,另一端与接收天线馈电网络连接；发射端,其一端与发射天线馈源连接,另一端与发射天线馈电网络连接。本发明的微带天线,结构简单,生产成本低,具有宽频带、高增益、在双频带实现双圆极化的性能。(The invention discloses a broadband high-gain double-circular-polarization microstrip antenna and a communication device, and belongs to the technical field of communication equipment. The microstrip antenna comprises a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer and a third dielectric layer, wherein the three dielectric layers are sequentially arranged in parallel from top to bottom; the first radiation layer is formed on the top surface of the first dielectric layer; a second radiation layer formed between the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer; a transmitting antenna reflecting layer formed between the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer; a ground plate formed between the transmitting antenna reflection layer and the third dielectric layer; a feed layer formed between the transmitting antenna reflection layer and the ground plate; one end of the receiving end is connected with a receiving antenna feed source, and the other end of the receiving end is connected with a receiving antenna feed network; and one end of the transmitting end is connected with the transmitting antenna feed source, and the other end of the transmitting end is connected with the transmitting antenna feed network. The microstrip antenna has the advantages of simple structure, low production cost, wide frequency band, high gain and dual-circular polarization realization in dual frequency bands.)

1. A broadband high-gain dual circularly polarized microstrip antenna, comprising:

the dielectric layer comprises a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer and a third dielectric layer, wherein the three dielectric layers are sequentially arranged in parallel from top to bottom;

the first radiation layer is formed on the top surface of the first medium layer, and the first radiation layer is a high-frequency antenna layer and is used for receiving signals;

the second radiation layer is formed between the first medium layer and the second medium layer, and the second radiation layer is a low-frequency antenna layer and is used for transmitting signals;

a transmitting antenna reflecting layer formed between the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer;

a ground plate formed between the transmitting antenna reflection layer and the third dielectric layer for grounding;

the feed layer is formed between the transmitting antenna reflecting layer and the grounding plate and comprises a receiving antenna feed network and a transmitting antenna feed network, the receiving antenna feed network is connected with the first radiating layer, and the transmitting antenna feed network is connected with the second radiating layer;

one end of the receiving end is connected with a receiving antenna feed source, and the other end of the receiving end is connected with a receiving antenna feed network;

and one end of the transmitting end is connected with the transmitting antenna feed source, and the other end of the transmitting end is connected with the transmitting antenna feed network.

2. The broadband high-gain dual-circularly polarized microstrip antenna of claim 1, wherein: the first radiation layer and the second radiation layer are both metal patches.

3. The broadband high-gain dual-circularly polarized microstrip antenna of claim 2, wherein: the first radiation layer comprises an annular rectangular patch and two rectangular patches, and the two rectangular patches are mutually and vertically arranged and are respectively connected to two adjacent edges of the inner edge of the annular rectangular patch;

the annular rectangular patch and the two rectangular patches are integrally formed.

4. The broadband high-gain dual-circularly polarized microstrip antenna of claim 3, wherein: the receiving antenna feed network and the transmitting antenna feed network both comprise Wilkinson power dividers and provide two feed sources with equal amplitude and 90-degree phase difference for corresponding radiation layers.

5. The broadband high-gain dual-circularly polarized microstrip antenna of claim 4, wherein: the input end of a Wilkinson power divider of the receiving antenna feed network is connected with the receiving end, the two output ends of the Wilkinson power divider are respectively connected with a first coaxial probe and a second coaxial probe, and the first coaxial probe and the second coaxial probe sequentially penetrate through the transmitting antenna reflecting layer, the second dielectric layer and the second radiation layer and are respectively connected with the two rectangular patches of the first radiation layer.

6. The broadband high-gain dual-circularly polarized microstrip antenna of claim 4, wherein: the input end of a Wilkinson power divider of the transmitting antenna feed network is connected with the transmitting end, the two output ends of the Wilkinson power divider are respectively connected with a first feed probe and a second feed probe, and the first feed probe and the second feed probe respectively penetrate through the reflecting layer and the second dielectric layer of the transmitting antenna in sequence and are respectively connected with the bottom surface of the second radiating layer.

7. A communication device, comprising: the communication device comprises the broadband high-gain dual-circularly-polarized microstrip antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of communication equipment, and particularly relates to a broadband high-gain double-circular-polarization microstrip antenna.

Background

The microstrip antenna is a novel antenna form appearing in the seventies of the 20 th century, after the seventies, the microstrip antenna is further developed in theory and in application breadth and depth, and shows great potential of the microstrip antenna in practical application, various new forms of microstrip antennas with new performance continuously appear, and the microstrip antenna is deeply favored by people due to the advantages of small size, light weight, flexible feed mode, low cost, easy conformation with a target and the like, and is widely applied to military fields of satellite communication, remote navigation measurement, remote control, weapon fuze and the like, and civil fields of modern mobile communication, personal communication, medical devices, environmental protection and the like.

The traditional microstrip antenna has narrow bandwidth which is generally only 1-7%, in the prior art, in order to increase the bandwidth, a method of adding a parasitic patch or replacing a dielectric layer with an air layer is generally adopted, although the bandwidth is increased, the problems of gain reduction, loss increase and the like are caused, and the production cost is increased.

Through retrieval, the Chinese patent publication number: CN 104269641A; the publication date is as follows: 1 month and 7 days 2015; the microstrip antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, two groups of radiating units and two feed networks; the two groups of radiation units are arranged on the front surface of the dielectric substrate at intervals, and the two feed networks are arranged on the front surface of the dielectric substrate and are respectively connected with the two groups of radiation units; each group of radiation units comprises two sub-radiation units with the same frequency band, and the four sub-radiation units are arranged at intervals along the same direction; each feed network is a two-power divider, and two output ends of each two-power divider are respectively connected with the corresponding two sub-radiation units through microstrip lines. The microstrip antenna of this application's structural design for horizontal beam width increases, has improved antenna gain, but its structural design leads to the size great, and the bandwidth is narrower.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a broadband high-gain dual circularly polarized microstrip antenna, including:

the dielectric layer comprises a first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer and a third dielectric layer, wherein the three dielectric layers are sequentially arranged in parallel from top to bottom;

the first radiation layer is formed on the top surface of the first medium layer, and the first radiation layer is a high-frequency antenna layer and is used for receiving signals;

the second radiation layer is formed between the first medium layer and the second medium layer, and the second radiation layer is a low-frequency antenna layer and is used for transmitting signals;

a transmitting antenna reflecting layer formed between the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer;

a ground plate formed between the transmitting antenna reflection layer and the third dielectric layer for grounding;

the feed layer is formed between the transmitting antenna reflecting layer and the grounding plate and comprises a receiving antenna feed network and a transmitting antenna feed network, the receiving antenna feed network is connected with the first radiating layer, and the transmitting antenna feed network is connected with the second radiating layer;

one end of the receiving end is connected with a receiving antenna feed source, and the other end of the receiving end is connected with a receiving antenna feed network;

and one end of the transmitting end is connected with the transmitting antenna feed source, and the other end of the transmitting end is connected with the transmitting antenna feed network.

According to the broadband high-gain dual-circularly-polarized microstrip antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention, optionally, the first radiation layer and the second radiation layer are both metal patches.

According to the broadband high-gain dual-circular-polarization microstrip antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention, optionally, the first radiation layer comprises an annular rectangular patch and two rectangular patches, wherein the two rectangular patches are vertically arranged and are respectively connected to two adjacent edges of the inner edge of the annular rectangular patch;

the annular rectangular patch and the two rectangular patches are integrally formed.

According to the broadband high-gain dual-circular-polarization microstrip antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention, optionally, the receiving antenna feed network and the transmitting antenna feed network both comprise Wilkinson power dividers, and both provide two feed sources with equal amplitude and 90-degree phase difference for corresponding radiation layers.

According to the broadband high-gain dual-circular-polarization microstrip antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention, optionally, the input end of the Wilkinson power divider of the receiving antenna feed network is connected with the receiving end, the two output ends of the Wilkinson power divider are respectively connected with the first coaxial probe and the second coaxial probe, and the first coaxial probe and the second coaxial probe respectively penetrate through the transmitting antenna reflecting layer, the second dielectric layer and the second radiation layer in sequence and then are respectively connected with the two rectangular patches of the first radiation layer.

According to the broadband high-gain dual-circular-polarization microstrip antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention, optionally, the input end of the Wilkinson power divider of the transmitting antenna feed network is connected with the transmitting end, the two output ends of the Wilkinson power divider are respectively connected with the first feed probe and the second feed probe, and the first feed probe and the second feed probe respectively connect with the bottom surface of the second radiation layer after sequentially penetrating through the reflecting layer and the second dielectric layer of the transmitting antenna.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a communication device is provided, which includes the above broadband high-gain dual circularly polarized microstrip antenna.

According to the broadband high-gain dual-circular-polarization microstrip antenna, the feed network of the receiving antenna penetrates through the middle short circuit hole of the radiation layer of the transmitting antenna to feed the radiation layer of the receiving antenna, the radiation structure of the receiving antenna is composed of the two rectangular patches and the annular rectangular patch, the structure is simple, the radiation layer of the transmitting antenna is used as the reflection layer of the receiving antenna, the space utilization rate is improved, the size of the microstrip antenna is reduced, the structure cost is reduced, the microstrip antenna has high gain, the gain of the receiving antenna can reach 6.7dB, and the gain of the transmitting antenna can reach 7.2 dB.

The communication device is provided with the broadband high-gain dual-circularly-polarized microstrip antenna, and is low in cost and good in communication effect.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and are not limiting on the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a broadband high-gain dual circularly polarized microstrip antenna according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exploded structure of a broadband high-gain dual circularly polarized microstrip antenna according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a first radiation layer structure of the present invention;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic of the structure of the feed layer of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a graph of an active standing wave for a receiving antenna of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an isolation diagram of a receive antenna of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a graph of the gain of the receiving antenna of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a cross-polarization diagram of a receive antenna of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a graph of the active standing wave of the transmitting antenna of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a transmit antenna isolation diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a graph of the gain of the transmit antenna of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a cross-polarization diagram of a transmitting antenna of the present invention;

reference numerals:

1. a first dielectric layer;

2. a second dielectric layer;

3. a third dielectric layer;

4. a first radiation layer; 40. an annular rectangular patch; 41. rectangular paster;

5. a second radiation layer;

6. a transmitting antenna reflective layer;

7. a ground plate;

8. a feed layer; 80. a receive antenna feed network; 800. a first coaxial probe; 801. a second coaxial probe; 81. a transmit antenna feed network; 810. a feeding probe I; 811. a second feeding probe;

90. a receiving end; 900. receiving an inner conductor; 91. a transmitting end; 910. a transmitting end inner conductor.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the description and claims of the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. Also, the use of the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the first dielectric layer 1, the second dielectric layer 2 and the third dielectric layer 3 of the present embodiment are sequentially arranged from top to bottom in parallel, and the first dielectric layer 1, the second dielectric layer 2 and the third dielectric layer 3 are all 8 × 8 × 1.524mm³The used media are Rogers5880, the dielectric constant is 2.2, and the loss tangent is 0.0009; in the microstrip antenna of the present embodiment, the dielectric plates are made of a dielectric with a low dielectric constant, and the dielectric layers with a low dielectric constant can still keep a relatively high gain in a high frequency band with a relatively small volume, so as to ensure a communication effect, and the dielectric layers with a high dielectric constant are not required to be selected to achieve the purpose of reducing the size, thereby reducing the loss in the communication process.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the first radiation layer 4 of the present embodiment is a metal patch, is located on the top surface of the first dielectric layer 1, and is formed by integrally forming an annular rectangular patch 40 and two rectangular patches 41, wherein the two rectangular patches 41 are arranged perpendicular to each other, the two rectangular patches 41 are respectively connected to two adjacent edges of the inner ring edge of the annular rectangular patch 40, and the first radiation layer 4 is a structural member of a receiving antenna and operates at a high frequency.

Referring to fig. 2, the second radiation layer 5 of the present embodiment is a metal patch, and is located between the first dielectric layer 1 and the second dielectric layer 2, the second radiation layer 5 is rectangular, and the second radiation layer 5 is a structural member of a transmitting antenna and operates at a low frequency.

Referring to fig. 2, the transmitting antenna reflection layer 6 of the present embodiment is a planar structure, and is located between the second dielectric layer 2 and the third dielectric layer 3, and is used for concentrated reflection of electromagnetic waves emitted by the transmitting antenna feed source, and the second radiation layer 5 in the present embodiment is also used as a receiving antenna reflection layer at the same time, so as to enhance the received signal strength and simplify the microstrip antenna structure.

Referring to fig. 2, the ground plate 7 of the present embodiment is located between the transmitting antenna reflection layer 6 and the third dielectric layer 3 for grounding.

Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the feeding layer 8 of the present embodiment is located between the transmitting antenna reflection layer 6 and the ground plate 7, the feeding layer 8 includes a receiving antenna feeding network 80 and a transmitting antenna feeding network 81, the receiving antenna feeding network 80 is connected to the first radiation layer 4, and the transmitting antenna feeding network 81 is connected to the second radiation layer 5; further, the receiving antenna feed network 80 and the transmitting antenna feed network 81 both include a wilkinson power divider, which has an input end and two output ends, the input end inputs a feed source, and the two output ends can output two feed sources with equal amplitude and a phase difference of 90 degrees.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in this embodiment, one end of the receiving end 90 is used to connect a receiving antenna feed source, the other end is connected to the input end of the wilkinson power divider of the receiving antenna feed network 80, one end of the transmitting end 91 is used to connect a transmitting antenna feed source, and the other end is connected to the input end of the wilkinson power divider of the transmitting antenna feed network 81; the receiving end 90 and the transmitting end 91 are coaxial lines and are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the third dielectric layer 3, through holes are respectively formed in the positions, corresponding to the receiving end 90 and the transmitting end 91, of the third dielectric layer 3 in a penetrating manner, a receiving end inner conductor 900 in the coaxial line of the receiving end 90 penetrates through the corresponding through hole of the third dielectric layer 3 to be in contact connection with the input end of the Wilkinson power divider of the receiving antenna feed network 80, and a transmitting end inner conductor 910 in the coaxial line of the transmitting end 91 penetrates through the corresponding through hole of the third dielectric layer 3 to be in contact connection with the input end of the Wilkinson power divider of the transmitting antenna feed network 81, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4.

Referring to fig. 2 and 4, two output ends of the wilkinson power divider of the receiving antenna feed network 80 are respectively connected with a first coaxial probe 800 and a second coaxial probe 801, the first coaxial probe 800 and the second coaxial probe 801 are both arranged perpendicular to each dielectric layer, two through holes are formed at corresponding positions of the reflecting layer 6 of the transmitting antenna for the first coaxial probe 800 and the second coaxial probe 801 to pass through, a large through hole is formed at corresponding position of the second dielectric layer 2 for the first coaxial probe 800 and the second coaxial probe 801 to pass through, two circular short circuit holes are formed at corresponding positions of the second radiation layer 5 for the first coaxial probe 800 and the second coaxial probe 801 to pass through, it is required to explain that the second radiation layer 5 after being formed with the short circuit holes is still in a central symmetrical structure, structures of each dielectric layer and each radiation layer in this embodiment are respectively in a central symmetrical structure, and it is more convenient when an array is formed by using the microstrip antenna in this embodiment, two through holes are formed in the corresponding positions of the first medium layer 1 for the first coaxial probe 800 and the second coaxial probe 801 to pass through, and the first coaxial probe 800 and the second coaxial probe 801 sequentially pass through the corresponding through holes of the transmitting antenna reflecting layer 6, the second medium layer 2 and the second radiation layer 5 and are connected with the two rectangular patches 41 of the first radiation layer 4 respectively; in the receiving antenna structure of this embodiment, a receiving antenna feed is fed from a receiving end 90, two paths of signals with equal amplitude and a phase difference of 90 degrees are generated through a receiving antenna feed network 80, and are transmitted to two mutually perpendicular rectangular patches 41 of the first radiation layer 4 through a first coaxial probe 800 and a second coaxial probe 801, respectively, so as to generate right-handed polarization, as shown in fig. 8.

Furthermore, because the first coaxial probe 800 and the second coaxial probe 801 penetrate through more structural layers and are in more contact with air, the coaxial probe structure with the outer conductor sheath sleeved outside the probe is selected, so that the radiation loss can be reduced, and the power feeding is more stable.

Referring to fig. 2 and 4, two output ends of the wilkinson power divider of the transmitting antenna feed network 81 are respectively connected with a first feed probe 810 and a second feed probe 811, the first feed probe 810 and the second feed probe 811 are both arranged perpendicular to each dielectric layer, two through holes are arranged at corresponding positions of the transmitting antenna reflective layer 6 for the first feed probe 810 and the second feed probe 811 to pass through, the first feed probe 810 and the second feed probe 811 pass through a large through hole of the second dielectric layer 2, and the first feed probe 810 and the second feed probe 811 sequentially pass through corresponding through holes of the transmitting antenna reflective layer 6 and the second dielectric layer 2 and then are in contact connection with the bottom surface of the second radiation layer 5; in the transmitting antenna structure of this embodiment, a transmitting antenna feed is fed from a transmitting terminal 91, two paths of signals with equal amplitude and 90-degree phase difference are generated through a transmitting antenna feed network 81, and are transmitted to the second radiation layer 5 through a first feeding probe 810 and a second feeding probe 811, and are fed at two positions of the second radiation layer 5 with 90-degree phase difference, so as to generate left-hand polarization, as shown in fig. 12.

The active standing wave pattern of the receiving antenna of the microstrip antenna is shown in fig. 5, and it is seen from the figure that the return loss is less than or equal to-10 dB and the relative bandwidth is 32.0% in the frequency band of 21.8 GHz-30.1 GHz, and the microstrip antenna has the characteristic of wide frequency band; FIG. 6 is an isolation diagram of a receiving antenna, and it is seen from the diagram that within a frequency band of 21.8 GHz-30.1 GHz, the isolation is less than or equal to-14.7 dB, and the isolation is better; fig. 7 shows the gain of the receiving antenna at 26.152GHz, Phi =90 °, 0 °, and it can be seen that the gain of the receiving antenna is 6.7dB, which has a higher gain.

The active standing wave pattern of the transmitting antenna of the microstrip antenna is shown in fig. 9, and it is seen from the figure that the return loss is less than or equal to-10 dB in the frequency band of 19.2GHz to 29.9GHz, the relative bandwidth is 43.6%, and the microstrip antenna has a broadband characteristic; FIG. 10 is an isolation diagram of a transmitting antenna, and it is seen from the diagram that the isolation is less than or equal to-14.6 dB and better in the frequency band of 19.2GHz to 29.9 GHz; fig. 11 shows the gain of the transmitting antenna at 22.65GHz, Phi =90 °, 0 °, and it can be seen that the gain of the transmitting antenna is 7.2dB, which has a higher gain.

In summary, the microstrip antenna of the present embodiment has good indexes, wide frequency band, high gain, and dual circular polarization performance in dual frequency bands.

Example 2

The present embodiment provides a communication device, including the broadband high-gain dual circularly polarized microstrip antenna according to embodiment 1.

The communication device of the embodiment has the advantages that the broadband high-gain dual-circularly-polarized microstrip antenna of the embodiment 1 is lower in cost and better in communication effect.

The examples described herein are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the spirit and scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the design concept of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.