阅读说明：本技术 鼻塞 (Nasal obstruction ) 是由 S·安布拉德 P·安布拉德 于 2020-05-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：用于治疗受治疗者鼻出血的鼻塞(1)包括：主体(10),所述主体适于配合到所述受治疗者的鼻孔(2)中,所述主体(10)包括在使用期间被布置成面向内的第一端(11)以及被布置成面向外的第二端(12)；中空管状构件(20),所述中空管状构件被设置在所述主体内部,并且所述中空管状构件包括在使用期间面向内的第一开口(21)以及面向外的第二开口(22)；其中,所述管状构件(20)还包括套环(25),所述套环适于防止受治疗者的血液漏出所述鼻塞(1)的所述主体(10),并且其中,所述套环(25)被完全设置在所述主体(10)内部。(A nasal plug (1) for treating epistaxis in a subject comprising: a body (10) adapted to fit into a nostril (2) of the subject, the body (10) comprising a first end (11) arranged to face inwardly during use and a second end (12) arranged to face outwardly; a hollow tubular member (20) disposed inside the body and comprising a first opening (21) facing inwards during use and a second opening (22) facing outwards; wherein the tubular member (20) further comprises a collar (25) adapted to prevent blood of the subject from escaping the main body (10) of the nasal prong (1), and wherein the collar (25) is disposed entirely inside the main body (10).)

1. A nasal prong (1) for treating epistaxis in a subject, the prong comprising:

a body (10) adapted to fit into a nostril (2) of the subject, the body (10) comprising a first end (11) arranged to face inwardly during use and a second end (12) arranged to face outwardly;

a hollow tubular member (20) disposed inside the body and comprising a first opening (21) facing inwards during use and a second opening (22) facing outwards;

wherein the tubular member (20) further comprises a collar (25) adapted to prevent blood of the subject from escaping the main body (10) of the nasal prong (1), and wherein the collar (25) is disposed entirely inside the main body (10).

2. The nasal prong (1) of claim 1, wherein the body (10) comprises a recess (15) adapted to receive the tubular member (20) and the collar (25).

3. The nasal prong (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the collar (25) of the tubular member (20) is cup-shaped, and a concave side (26) faces the first end (11) of the body (10) and a convex side (27) faces the second end (12) of the body (10).

4. The nasal prong (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the tubular member (20) protrudes from the second end (12) of the body (10).

5. The nasal prong (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the first end (23) of the tubular member (20) is arranged adjacent to the first end (11) of the body (10).

6. The nasal prong (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the body (10) of the nasal prong (1) is coated with a substance to be inhaled by the subject.

7. The nasal prong (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the body (10) is made of a resilient foam material.

8. A nasal prong (1) according to claim 7, wherein the width of the loop (25) in the widest lateral extension of the loop (25) is substantially equal to or larger than the width of the body (10) such that the loop (25) will stretch and push the body (10) outwards when arranged in the body (10).

9. The nasal prong (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the tubular member (20) is made of a flexible thermoplastic material.

10. The nasal prong (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein a cross section of the body (10) and/or a cross section of the collar (25) has an oval shape.

11. The nasal prong (1) according to any of the previous claims, wherein the body (10) is bell-shaped.

Technical Field

The present solution relates to nasal plugs for treating epistaxis.

Background

Epistaxis (also known as epistaxis) is a common phenomenon of bleeding from the nose. Which is commonly noticed when blood is expelled through the nostrils. The vast majority of epistaxis occurs in the anterior (anterior) portion of the nasal septum. This region, known as the baselbach's plexus, abundantly confers vessels that originate from the confluence (anastomosis) of four arteries. The post-nasal hemorrhage is referred to as a post-hemorrhage and is usually due to bleeding from the wood ruff's plexus, which is the venous plexus located posterior to the inferior nasal tract (afferior means). Post-bleeding is often long and difficult to control. They may be associated with bleeding from both nostrils and with greater blood flow in the entry ports.

Epistaxis can occur for a variety of reasons. Some of the most common causes include trauma from digging nostrils, blunt trauma (such as an automobile accident), or foreign body insertion (more likely in children). Relative humidity (including building with central heating), respiratory tract infections, chronic sinusitis, rhinitis or environmental irritants can all cause inflammation and thinning of nasal tissues, leading to a greater likelihood of epistaxis. Most causes of epistaxis are self-limiting and do not require medical treatment.

Most anterior epistaxis can be stopped by applying direct pressure outside the nose, which helps stop bleeding by promoting blood clots. However, in the case of prolonged epistaxis, alternative treatments may be required, such as chemical cauterization of the blood vessels, or nasal packing (nasal packing) using gauze or foamed polymer material, often in the form of plugs, to increase the pressure on the blood vessels inside the nostrils. Although effective in preventing epistaxis, nasal tamponades have the disadvantage of also blocking the passage of air through the nares, thereby limiting the patient's ability to breathe through the nose. Therefore, nasal tamponade is often associated with discomfort and is not suitable for prolonged use. WO 2018/076118 discloses such a nasal plug.

Another disadvantage associated with nasal tamponade is that after prolonged use, the tamponade material may become saturated and unable to absorb more blood. This may result in an excessive amount of blood undesirably dripping from the nostril.

WO 2010/085196 discloses a nasal prong comprising a material that can be rolled or compressed and which can thereafter expand against the nasal passage, thereby creating a pressure against the nasal passage. Furthermore, the nasal prongs have a through hole/tube for the passage of air, and a shoulder that facilitates insertion and removal of the nasal prongs and prevents the nasal prongs from being sucked into the pharynx.

Accordingly, there is a need for an improved nasal prong that overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of this solution is to solve at least some of the problems and difficulties outlined above. These and other objects are achieved by providing a nasal prong according to the present disclosure.

The nasal prongs may be configured and implemented according to various alternative embodiments. Further possible features and benefits of this solution will become apparent from the detailed description below.

According to a first aspect, there is provided a nasal prong for treating epistaxis in a subject. This nasal obstruction includes: a body adapted to fit into a nostril of a subject, the body comprising a first end arranged to face inwardly during use and a second end arranged to face outwardly during use; a hollow tubular member disposed inside the body and including a first opening facing inwardly and a second opening facing outwardly during use; wherein the tubular member further comprises a collar (collar) adapted to prevent blood of the subject from escaping the main body of the nasal plug, and wherein the collar is disposed entirely within the main body.

By providing a body having a hollow tubular member disposed therein, the present disclosure provides a dual solution of applying pressure to a blood vessel inside a nostril to stop bleeding while maintaining an open passage for air to allow the subject to breathe unimpeded. Also, the collar on the tubular member forms a stop (stop) that effectively traps any excess blood that emerges from the body of the nasal prong when saturated, thereby preventing dripping. In this way, a compact nasal obstruction is achieved. In addition, the rigidity of the collar stabilizes the body of the nasal prong and also acts like an umbrella to push the body outward, stabilizing and assisting in applying outward pressure on the body, which in turn increases the pressure applied to the epistaxis site in the subject's nares.

In a preferred embodiment, the body comprises a recess adapted to receive the tubular member and the collar. The recess may be generally cylindrical to receive the tubular member in a snug fit (snug fit).

In a preferred embodiment, the collar of the tubular member is cupped with the concave side facing the first end of the body and the convex side facing the second end of the body. The cup-like shape of the collar forms a bowl that holds excess blood away from the rim of the collar to prevent leakage of blood.

In a preferred embodiment, the tubular member protrudes from the second end of the body. The projecting second (proximal) end of the tubular member thus provides a grip (grip) to enable the subject to easily manipulate the nasal prongs during insertion and removal from the nares.

In a preferred embodiment, the first end of the tubular member is disposed adjacent the first end of the body. In other words, the body extends more distally than the tubular member such that the first distal-most end of the tubular member is substantially recessed within the body. By providing the tubular member adjacent the first end of the body, the risk of injuring the nasal mucosa during insertion is reduced.

In a preferred embodiment, the body of the nasal prong is coated with a substance to be inhaled by the subject. The substance may include a pharmaceutical and/or an aromatic compound, for example, a hemostatic agent to promote hemostasis and/or menthol, which has a calming/soothing effect and may increase airflow through the nares and act as a local anesthetic. When the subject inhales through the nasal prongs, air passes through the tubular member. As a result, a partial vacuum is formed near the first opening, which acts to draw the substance out of the body of the nasal prong so that the substance mixes with the inhaled air.

An additional advantage of the collar is that it prevents the substance to be inhaled by the subject from leaving the nasal prongs. When the subject exhales through the nasal prongs, air again passes through the first opening of the tubular member. As opposed to inhalation, the pressure inside the nostril or proximal to the nasal obstruction increases. A small portion of the exhaled air then enters the body of the nasal plug with the substance, but the collar acts to retain the substance in the body.

In a preferred embodiment, the body is made of a resilient foam material. The resilient foam material absorbs blood from the subject and returns to its original shape after insertion into the nostril due to the excellent resilient properties of the resilient foam material, thereby ensuring that the nasal prong remains continuously in close contact with the walls of the nostril during use.

In a preferred embodiment, the collar has a width at its widest lateral extension substantially equal to or greater than the width of the main body, such that the collar, when disposed in the main body, will stretch and push the main body outwards. Thus, the width of the collar will push the body outwards along the lateral extension. Thus, the nasal prongs brace against the side walls of the nostrils and increase pressure against the site of nasal bleeding (e.g., the basel buh plexus).

In a preferred embodiment, the tubular member is made of a flexible thermoplastic material. The thermoplastic material of the tubular member is preferably somewhat harder than the material of the body, but still flexible enough to avoid damage and discomfort during insertion and use. Preferably, the tubular member is resilient, seeking to return to its original straight shape, so as to provide a passage for the subject to breathe therethrough.

In a preferred embodiment, the cross-section of the body and/or collar has an oval shape. The oval shape is arranged to conform to the shape of the nostril to provide a comfortable snug fit of the nasal plug during use.

In a preferred embodiment, the body is bell-shaped. The bell shape is arranged to conform to the shape of the nostril to provide a comfortable snug fit of the nasal prongs during use.

The aspects and embodiments described herein may be freely combined with each other.

Drawings

The present solution will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

fig. 1A and 1B are front and side perspective views of a tubular member of a nasal prong according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2A and 2B are front and side sectional views of a nasal prong having a tubular member according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3A and 3B are top and bottom views of a nasal prong having a tubular member according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3C is a cross-sectional view of a nasal prong having a tubular member according to one embodiment of the present disclosure; and

fig. 4A and 4B are front and side sectional views of a nasal prong in use inserted into a nostril of a subject according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

In the following, with reference to the drawings, a detailed description of different embodiments of the present solution is disclosed. All examples herein are to be considered part of the overall description and may therefore be combined in any way using general terminology. Individual features of the various embodiments may be combined or interchanged unless such combination or interchange is clearly contradictory to the overall function of the implementation.

Briefly, the present disclosure is directed to a nasal prong 1 configured to be inserted into a nostril 2 of a subject to prevent epistaxis. In the context of the present disclosure, the terms "distal" and "proximal" when referring to the nasal prong 1 and components thereof should be interpreted from the perspective of the person manipulating the nasal prong 1, whether the subject suffering from epistaxis and the person manipulating the nasal prong 1 are the same person or different persons.

In fig. 1A and 1B, a front perspective view and a side perspective view, respectively, of a tubular member 20 intended for use in connection with a nasal prong 1 according to the present disclosure are shown. The hollow tubular member 20 comprises a generally cylindrical tube having a first opening 21 at a first end 23 thereof and a second opening 22 at a second end 24 thereof. In addition, the tubular member 20 includes a collar 25 disposed on the outer surface and extending outwardly. In one embodiment, collar 25 is cup-like in shape, with concave side 26 facing first end 23 and convex side 27 facing second end 24. In one embodiment, collar 25 is oval or elliptical, wherein the width is given by the minor axis of the ellipse when viewed from the front in fig. 1A, and the width is given by the major axis of the ellipse when viewed from the side in fig. 1B. I.e. the widest transverse extension of the collar 25 corresponds to the major axis of the ellipse. In one embodiment, the tubular member 20 comprises a flexible material, for example, a thermoplastic material that is flexible yet still provides some rigidity.

In fig. 2A and 2B, the nasal prong 1 according to the present disclosure is illustrated as seen from the front and the side, respectively. The nasal prong 1 includes a main body 10 and a hollow tubular member 20 disposed inside the main body 10. The body 10 comprises a first end 11 and a second end 12, the first end 11 and the second end 12 substantially coinciding with or corresponding to the first end 21 and the second end 22, respectively, of the hollow tubular member 20 when the hollow tubular member is inserted into the body. The first end 11 of the body 10 is arranged to face inwardly when inserted into the nostril 2 of a subject during use. Conversely, the second end 12 is arranged to face outwardly during use. Thus, during use of the nasal prong 1, the first opening 21 of the tubular member 20 faces inwardly, while the second opening 22 faces outwardly.

As can be seen in fig. 2A and 2B and 3C, the collar 25 of the tubular member 20 fits into the recess 15 formed in the body 10 and facing the second end 12. The collar 25 forms a stop in the recess 15 against the body 10. Recess 15 may have a narrow distal cylindrical portion that snugly fits tubular member 20, and a wider proximal portion shaped to receive collar 25.

In one embodiment, the body 10 comprises a resilient foam material adapted to absorb liquid (i.e., blood) from the subject. Examples of suitable materials for body 10 include: polyurethane foams, polyether foams, (poly) ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA/PEVA) foams, organic cellulose-or hemicellulose-based foams from forestry and agricultural by-products, and special woven cotton (so-called cotton foam).

In one embodiment, the body 10 is coated with a hemostatic agent to promote blood clotting and stop bleeding. Examples of suitable hemostatic agents include: calcium alginate, glycine, calcium, kaolin, zeolite, topical microfibrillar collagen, and chitosan derived from shrimp shells and other marine crustaceans naturally found in, for example, brown algae (i.e., seaweed extracts).

In one embodiment, the body 10 is coated with an aroma compound to be inhaled by the subject. Examples of suitable aroma compounds include: menthol, peppermint, lubricating oils (such as sesame oil), aloe vera or liquid paraffin, which lubricate the mucous membranes of the nostrils to prevent dehydration and the formation of cracks or fissures and reduce the risk of re-bleeding. When the subject inhales through the nasal prong 1, air passes through the tubular member 20. As a result, a partial vacuum is formed in the vicinity of the first opening 21, which acts to draw the substance out of the body 10 of the nasal prong 1, so that the substance mixes with the inhaled air.

When the subject exhales through the nasal prong 1, air again passes through the first opening of the tubular member 20. In contrast to inhalation, the pressure in the nostril proximal to the nasal prong 1 increases due to the reduced diameter of the tubular member 20 compared to the nostril. A small portion of the exhaled air will enter the body 10 of the nasal prong 1 with the substance, but the collar 25 acts to retain the substance in the body 10. Thus, the collar 25 prevents the substance to be inhaled by the subject from leaving the nasal prong 1, but instead leaves the substance in the body 10.

In one embodiment, the nasal prong 1 and/or the body 10 may have an oval cross-section as illustrated in fig. 2A and 2B, wherein the width of the nasal prong 1 is larger in a lateral extension corresponding to the long axis of the collar 25, as shown in fig. 2B (side view). In one embodiment, the nasal prong 1 and/or the body 10 is bell-shaped with a generally cylindrical central portion, wherein the first end 11 is generally hemispherical or dome-shaped and the second end 12 flares outwardly. In one embodiment, the width of collar 25 corresponding to the long axis of the oval shape is substantially equal to or greater than the width of body 10. Thus, the collar 25 will expand and push the body 10 outwards when inserted into the recess 15. Thus, the nasal prong 1 will bear against the side walls of the nostril to increase pressure against the bleeding site (e.g., the basel buh plexus).

The tubular member 20 and the body 10 have substantially equal lengths, but in one embodiment the tubular member 20 is slightly offset from the body 10 such that the first end 23 of the tubular member 20 is disposed proximate the first end 11 of the body 10 and the first opening 21 is recessed into the body 10. In this way, the second (distal) end 23 of the tubular member 20 is shielded inside the body 10 of the nasal prong 1 during insertion to reduce the risk of damaging the nasal mucosa. In one embodiment, the tubular member 20 protrudes from the second end 12 of the body 10, i.e., the second (proximal) end 24 of the tubular member 20 extends more proximally than the body 10 to provide a grip when manipulating the nasal prong 1 during insertion and removal from the nostril 2.

Fig. 3A and 3B show the nasal prong 1 from above (fig. 3A) and below (fig. 3B). Note that the collar 25 is only visible from below. Fig. 3C shows the nasal prong 1 in cross section.

Turning now to fig. 4A and 4B, the insertion of the nasal prong 1 according to the present disclosure into the nostrils 2 of the nose 5 of a subject is shown in front and side views, respectively. Figure 4A illustrates the rough location of the baselbach plexus 3 in the nostril 2, located in the anterior-inferior portion of the nasal septum. As mentioned above, the four arteries merge in this region to form a vascular plexus. Approximately 80% to 90% of epistaxis occurs in the Basel Barch plexus because of its exposure to dryness in the inspiratory air stream and nail scratch.

The nasal tampon 1 according to the present disclosure provides an effective treatment of epistaxis in that the absorbent body 10 applies direct pressure to the site of epistaxis due to the elastic properties of the body 10 and absorbs blood leaving the wound site. In case of excessive and/or prolonged bleeding, the collar 25 forms a stop which effectively prevents blood from escaping the body 10 and thus avoids dripping from the saturated nasal prong 1. In addition, collar 25 acts like an umbrella to push body 10 outward to stabilize and help apply pressure against the walls of nostrils 2.

At the same time, the tubular member 20 provides a fluid passage for air that enables the subject to continue breathing through the nose 5 even when the nasal prong 1 is inserted into the nostril 2.

Although the description above contains many specificities, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of the concepts described herein but as merely providing illustrations of some of the illustrated embodiments of the described concepts. It should be appreciated that the scope of the presently described concepts fully encompasses other embodiments that may become obvious to those skilled in the art and that the scope of the presently described concepts is accordingly not limited. Unless explicitly stated as such, reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean "one and only one" but rather "one or more. Moreover, it is not necessary for a device or method to address each and every problem sought to be covered by the present description of concepts.