阅读说明：本技术 一种消纳弃风弃光并实现无碳排放的发电方法 (Power generation method for eliminating wind and light abandoning and realizing carbon-free emission ) 是由 王志超 张喜来 张向宇 李宇航 周科 李明皓 白永岗 黄岗英 鲁晓宇 杨忠灿 刘 于 2021-08-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种消纳弃风弃光并实现无碳排放的发电方法,包括：1)通过电解水产生氢气和氧气；2)通过化学合成法将氢气和氮气合成氨气；3)步骤2)合成的氨气和步骤1)产生的氧气分别输送至锅炉中燃烧发电。本发明通过将新能源弃风弃光发电用来电解水制氢,进一步用氢来合成氨,实现一种更为安全的能量存储,然后利用氨的高效燃烧,实现发电的同时为氨的合成提供氮气。(The invention discloses a power generation method for eliminating wind and light abandoning and realizing carbon-free emission, which comprises the following steps: 1) generating hydrogen and oxygen by electrolyzing water; 2) synthesizing hydrogen and nitrogen into ammonia gas by a chemical synthesis method; 3) and 2) respectively conveying the ammonia synthesized in the step 2) and the oxygen generated in the step 1) to a boiler for combustion and power generation. The invention realizes safer energy storage by using new energy, abandoned wind and abandoned light for power generation to electrolyze water for hydrogen production and further using hydrogen for ammonia synthesis, and then provides nitrogen for ammonia synthesis while realizing power generation by using efficient combustion of ammonia.)

1. A power generation method for eliminating wind and light abandonment and realizing carbon-free emission is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) generating hydrogen and oxygen by electrolyzing water;

2) synthesizing hydrogen and nitrogen into ammonia gas by a chemical synthesis method;

3) and 2) respectively conveying the ammonia synthesized in the step 2) and the oxygen generated in the step 1) to a boiler for combustion and power generation.

2. The method for generating power by eliminating wind curtailment and realizing carbon-free emission according to claim 1, wherein step 1) is to generate hydrogen and oxygen by electrolyzing water, wherein the power is from the generated curtailment in the wind power generation process.

3. A method of generating electricity by eliminating wind waste and achieving carbon-free emission as claimed in claim 1, wherein step 1) generates hydrogen and oxygen by electrolyzing water, wherein the electricity is derived from the generation of waste light in the photovoltaic power generation process.

4. A method for generating power by eliminating wind and light abandonment and realizing carbon-free emission according to claim 3, wherein the oxygen generated in step 1) is transported to the boiler through a pipeline to intensify the combustion process of ammonia gas.

5. The power generation method for eliminating wind and light abandonment and realizing carbon-free emission according to claim 1, wherein the specific implementation method of the step 2) is as follows: the ammonia gas is synthesized from hydrogen and nitrogen by a chemical synthesis method, wherein the nitrogen is obtained by separating flue gas after ammonia is combusted in the combustion power generation process.

6. The power generation method for consuming abandoned wind and abandoned light and realizing carbon-free emission according to claim 5, wherein the synthesized ammonia gas is converted into liquid ammonia through pressurization and liquefaction to be stored, so that the storage of the energy of the abandoned wind and abandoned light of the new energy is realized.

7. The power generation method for eliminating wind and light abandonment and realizing carbon-free emission according to claim 1, wherein the specific implementation method of the step 3) is as follows: the stored liquid ammonia is gasified into ammonia gas by a gasification device.

8. The method for generating power by eliminating wind and light abandoning and realizing carbon-free emission of claim 7, wherein the ammonia gas is conveyed to the boiler through a pipeline to generate power by combustion.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of power generation, and particularly relates to a power generation method for eliminating wind and light abandoning and realizing carbon-free emission.

Background

Because the energy generated by wind power, hydropower, photoelectricity and the like is difficult to adjust the macroscopic supply load balance in a control and storage mode, the natural volatility and instability of new energy can impact a power grid and are difficult to match with social energy requirements, the energy structure and the requirements in China are obviously unbalanced in region space and time, the surplus energy in regions with underdeveloped economy is difficult to be effectively utilized, and the phenomenon of wind and light abandonment is still serious. Energy storage is therefore of great importance for future energy systems dominated by new energy. Currently, many energy storage methods relying on machinery, thermal energy and chemistry have been developed to store electrical energy for regional-scale services: energy storage methods such as batteries are unlikely to provide the storage capacity required for grid level energy; methods such as pumped storage and compressed gas storage have been applied at the engineering level, but the deployment in specific use is restricted by geology; the technologies of modes such as flywheel energy storage or weight tower energy storage are not mature, and the reuse rate of the storage equipment is low due to factors such as abrasion. The only sufficiently flexible energy storage mechanism is chemical energy storage that allows storing large amounts of energy for long periods of time anywhere.

In China, hydrogen is recognized as the most ideal power energy storage material by virtue of the characteristics of no carbon emission, wide combustion limit and the like. However, hydrogen has a very low energy per unit volume when transported compared to conventional fuels, and 4 times less energy per unit volume when stored in liquid form at-235 ℃ than gasoline; the more significant problem is the complex safety issues associated with hydrogen storage, transport and use due to its low ignition energy and high flame propagation speed. Ammonia is also considered a promising clean energy carrier and storage medium. Similar to hydrogen, ammonia may be obtained from fossil fuels, biomass, or other renewable resources. Compared with hydrogen (physical hydrogen storage), ammonia (chemical hydrogen storage) has lower cost of unit storage energy, higher volume energy density, and is safer and more reliable.

Overall, the advantages of ammonia as a fuel can be summarized as:

(1) belongs to carbon-free fuel, has no greenhouse gas emission, and can be synthesized by a carbon-free method through renewable energy sources;

(2) the energy density is 18.8MJ/kg, and is equivalent to fossil fuel (the heat value of low-rank coal is about 16-20 MJ/kg, the heat value of natural gas is about 50MJ/kg, H₂Calorific value 141 MJ/kg);

(3) the liquefaction pressure is only 1.03MPa, and the liquefaction is easy;

(4) approximately 1.8 million tons of ammonia are produced and transported each year, and there is therefore a mature and reliable infrastructure for ammonia storage and transportation (including pipelines, highways, railways, and ships).

On one hand, ammonia can be used as an energy storage carrier with low cost, high volume energy density, safety and reliability, and the difficult problem that wind, light and water are abandoned and new energy impacts the safety of a power grid is effectively solved; on the other hand, the ammonia is used as fuel to realize effective substitution of natural gas and coal, and can become an important way for realizing coal reduction and carbon reduction of the thermal power generating unit. The combination of the two has great significance for the future energy system of China which takes new energy as the dominant and thermal power generating units as the underpinning energy.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a power generation method for eliminating wind and light abandonment and realizing carbon-free emission, which realizes safer energy storage by using new energy wind and light abandonment power generation to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen and further using hydrogen to synthesize ammonia, and then provides nitrogen for ammonia synthesis while realizing power generation by using efficient combustion of ammonia.

The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

a power generation method for eliminating wind and light abandonment and realizing carbon-free emission is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) generating hydrogen and oxygen by electrolyzing water;

2) synthesizing hydrogen and nitrogen into ammonia gas by a chemical synthesis method;

3) and 2) respectively conveying the ammonia synthesized in the step 2) and the oxygen generated in the step 1) to a boiler for combustion and power generation.

The invention is further improved in that step 1) generates hydrogen and oxygen by electrolyzing water, wherein the electric power is generated by generating abandoned wind in the wind power generation process.

A further development of the invention is that step 1) produces hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis of water, wherein the electricity comes from the light reject produced in the photovoltaic power generation process.

The invention is further improved in that the oxygen generated in the step 1) is conveyed to a combustion process of the enhanced ammonia in a boiler through a pipeline.

The further improvement of the invention is that the specific implementation method of the step 2) is as follows: the ammonia gas is synthesized from hydrogen and nitrogen by a chemical synthesis method, wherein the nitrogen is obtained by separating flue gas after ammonia is combusted in the combustion power generation process.

The further improvement of the invention is that the synthesized ammonia gas is converted into liquid ammonia for storage through pressurization and liquefaction, so that the storage of the waste wind and light energy of the new energy is realized.

The further improvement of the invention is that the specific implementation method of the step 3) is as follows: the stored liquid ammonia is gasified into ammonia gas by a gasification device.

The invention is further improved in that the ammonia gas is conveyed to the boiler through a pipeline to be combusted for power generation.

The power generation method for eliminating wind and light abandonment and realizing carbon-free emission has the following beneficial technical effects:

(1) the problem of wind and light abandonment commonly existing in the new energy power generation process is effectively solved;

(2) the ammonia is used as an energy storage carrier of new energy, so that the method is safer, higher in energy density and better in economy;

(3) the power generation process and the carbon-free emission of the whole flow can be realized by utilizing the combustion of ammonia to generate power;

(4) the nitrogen generated after the ammonia combustion is used for synthesizing ammonia, so that the cyclic utilization is realized.

In summary, the invention provides a power generation method for eliminating wind and light abandoning and realizing carbon-free emission, which utilizes the electricity abandon generated by renewable energy sources or trough power to produce hydrogen, then synthesizes ammonia, and uses the ammonia for combustion power generation when the power is insufficient so as to realize zero carbon emission in the whole life cycle of the system.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a power generation method for eliminating wind and light waste and realizing carbon-free emission according to the invention.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the power generation method provided by the invention for eliminating wind and light abandonment and realizing carbon-free emission comprises the following steps:

(1) the electricity generation of the abandoned wind and the abandoned light generated in the new energy power generation process is used for preparing hydrogen and oxygen by electrolyzing water, so that the electricity generation of the new energy to be abandoned is converted into hydrogen energy;

(2) the hydrogen and the nitrogen are synthesized to prepare the ammonia, so that the hydrogen which is difficult to store, transport and use is converted into safer ammonia, and the ammonia becomes an energy storage carrier of new energy;

(3) ammonia is used for combustion power generation to generate electric energy, and energy storage conversion of new energy power generation is realized;

(4) the nitrogen generated after ammonia combustion can be recycled as raw material nitrogen for ammonia synthesis, so that circulation is realized.

Further, a power generation method for eliminating wind and light abandonment and realizing carbon-free emission comprises the following steps:

(1) the combustion of ammonia is utilized for power generation, so that the carbon-free emission in the combustion power generation process is realized; the ammonia is used for completely replacing power coal as fuel of a thermal power plant, gaseous ammonia gas is sent into a boiler for combustion through a special ammonia combustor, and energy carried by the ammonia is converted into electric energy to be output.

(2) Based on (1), preparing ammonia gas by adopting hydrogen and nitrogen through a chemical catalytic synthesis process;

(3) based on the step (2), hydrogen is prepared by electrolyzing water by utilizing new energy wind and light abandoned power generation;

(4) based on (1) and (2), the nitrogen required for preparing ammonia gas comes from nitrogen generated in the ammonia combustion process, and the nitrogen is obtained by separating tail gas after ammonia combustion.

Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.