阅读说明：本技术 一种利用微生物无害化降解处理城市生活污泥方法 (Method for treating municipal domestic sludge by utilizing harmless degradation of microorganisms ) 是由 刘治福 胡荣桂 伍玉鹏 王砚 于 2021-07-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种利用微生物无害化降解处理城市生活污泥方法,涉及微生物降解技术领域。处理方法包括以下步骤：步骤一：培养用来降解生活污泥的微生物发酵剂；步骤二：测定污泥中总有机碳和全氮含量,通过加入辅料调整污泥的碳氮比和含水量；步骤三：向混合后的物料加入步骤一中得到微生物发酵剂,同时将物料建堆；步骤四：加大供氧措施,并控制发酵时的温度；步骤五：发酵一周内完成,物料呈黑褐色,表明发酵完成。本发明利用微生物降解城市生活污泥,做到对污泥的无害化处理,减少了污泥中的有机物对环境以及生态系统的破坏,保护了城市的生活环境,污泥降解后产生得到有机肥也存在一定的经济价值,一定程度上减小了污泥处理的成本。(The invention discloses a method for treating municipal domestic sludge by utilizing harmless degradation of microorganisms, and relates to the technical field of microbial degradation. The processing method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: culturing a microbial starter for degrading domestic sludge; step two: measuring the total organic carbon and total nitrogen content in the sludge, and adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio and the water content of the sludge by adding auxiliary materials; step three: adding the microbial starter obtained in the step one into the mixed materials, and meanwhile stacking the materials; step four: increasing oxygen supply measures and controlling the temperature during fermentation; step five: the fermentation was completed within one week, and the material was dark brown, indicating that the fermentation was completed. The method utilizes the microorganisms to degrade the municipal domestic sludge, achieves harmless treatment on the sludge, reduces the damage of organic matters in the sludge to the environment and an ecological system, protects the living environment of the city, has certain economic value on producing organic fertilizers after the sludge is degraded, and reduces the cost of sludge treatment to a certain extent.)

1. A method for treating municipal sludge by utilizing harmless degradation of microorganisms is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: culturing a microbial starter for degrading domestic sludge;

step two: measuring the total organic carbon and total nitrogen content in the sludge, and adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio and the water content of the sludge by adding auxiliary materials;

step three: adding the microbial starter obtained in the step one into the mixed materials, and meanwhile stacking the materials;

step four: increasing oxygen supply measures and controlling the temperature during fermentation;

step five: the fermentation was completed within one week, and the material was dark brown, indicating that the fermentation was completed.

2. The method for treating municipal sludge by utilizing harmless degradation of microorganisms according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the first step, the microbial starter mainly comprises a compound flora composed of various natural beneficial microbial groups such as bacteria, filamentous bacteria, yeast, actinomycetes and the like, and has extremely strong aerobic fermentation decomposition capability.

3. The method for treating municipal sludge by utilizing harmless degradation of microorganisms according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the second step, the auxiliary materials are mainly one or more of rice chaff, straws and the like, the adjusted water content is 60-65%, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 25-30.

4. The method for treating municipal sludge by utilizing harmless degradation of microorganisms according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the second step, the auxiliary materials have the main functions of ventilating, reducing the water content of the mixture and accelerating the oxidative decomposition of organic matters by microorganisms.

5. The method for treating municipal sludge by utilizing harmless degradation of microorganisms according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the total organic carbon in the second step is the content of organic matters in the sludge, can reflect the pollution degree of the organic matters to the sludge, and is measured by a heating oxidation method.

6. The method for treating municipal sludge by utilizing harmless degradation of microorganisms according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the heating oxidation method is to burn organic matters in a sludge sample at high temperature to convert the organic matters into CO₂By determination of CO₂To determine the total organic carbon content in the sludge.

7. The method for treating municipal sludge by utilizing harmless degradation of microorganisms according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the pile height and the volume of the pile constructed in the step three can not be too short and too small, and the pile height should be controlled to be 1.8-2.2 meters, the width should be controlled to be 2-2.5 meters, and the length should be controlled to be 2.5-3.5 meters.

8. The method for treating municipal sludge by utilizing harmless degradation of microorganisms according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the fourth step, oxygen supply is carried out by stirring, turnover and ventilation, otherwise, anaerobic fermentation is caused to generate odor, and the degradation effect is influenced.

9. The method for treating municipal sludge by utilizing harmless degradation of microorganisms according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the fourth step, the starting temperature is controlled to be about 20 ℃, and the temperature rise after fermentation is preferably controlled to be about 70 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of microbial degradation, and particularly relates to a method for treating municipal sludge by utilizing microbial harmless degradation.

Background

The municipal sludge is the sludge left in a sewage treatment pool after the municipal sewage is purified and discharged, only one medium city and one sewage treatment plant with the daily treatment capacity of 10 million tons can generate tens of thousands of tons of sludge every year, the sludge has large water content which is generally 80-96 percent, is in a colloid shape, has large viscosity and smells of fishy smell; the wet sludge also contains harmful strains such as pathogenic bacteria, parasitic ova and the like, and whether the wet sludge is digested or not, if the wet sludge is not further properly treated, the secondary pollution in various aspects such as environmental peculiar smell, germ diffusion, water body pollution and the like can be caused, so the sludge treatment becomes a big problem which troubles the sewage treatment industry for many years, the sludge contains a certain amount of organic matters, elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like, so that the development and utilization of the municipal sludge are carried out, the secondary pollution to the environment is solved, the problem which is faced by sewage treatment plants and municipal administration of various countries and needs to be solved urgently is solved, the agricultural recycling rate of the western European sludge is 40-50% and almost accounts for half because the sludge has obvious soil improvement effect and plant growth promotion effect, and the western European sludge is used as partial raw materials of organic fertilizers, so that the organic matter content in soil can be increased, and 10-20% of chemical nutrients can be saved.

The existing sludge treatment modes mainly comprise various modes of landfill, incineration, ocean dumping and land utilization, and the modes have the defects of environmental pollution, ecological system damage and long treatment time, and the mode of adopting microbial degradation can not only prevent the sludge from damaging the environment, but also regenerate high-efficiency organic fertilizer, so that a method for treating urban domestic sludge by utilizing the microbial harmless degradation is provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for treating urban domestic sludge by utilizing harmless degradation of microorganisms, which solves the problems of environmental pollution, ecological system damage and long treatment period in the prior art.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention relates to a method for treating municipal domestic sludge by utilizing harmless degradation of microorganisms, which comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: culturing a microbial starter for degrading domestic sludge;

step two: measuring the total organic carbon and total nitrogen content in the sludge, and adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio and the water content of the sludge by adding auxiliary materials;

step three: adding the microbial starter obtained in the step one into the mixed materials, and meanwhile stacking the materials;

step four: increasing oxygen supply measures and controlling the temperature during fermentation;

step five: the fermentation was completed within one week, and the material was dark brown, indicating that the fermentation was completed.

Preferably, in the step one, the microbial starter mainly comprises a compound flora composed of multiple natural beneficial microbial groups such as bacteria, filamentous bacteria, yeasts and actinomycetes, and has extremely strong aerobic fermentation decomposition capability.

Preferably, the auxiliary materials in the second step are mainly one or more of rice chaff, straws and the like, the adjusted water content is 60-65%, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 25-30.

Preferably, the auxiliary materials in the second step have the main functions of ventilating, reducing the water content of the mixture and accelerating the oxidative decomposition of organic matters by microorganisms.

Preferably, the total organic carbon in the second step is the content of organic matters in the sludge, can reflect the pollution degree of the organic matters to the sludge, and is measured by a heating oxidation method.

Preferably, the heating oxidation method burns organic matters in the sludge sample at high temperature to convert the organic matters into CO₂By determination of CO₂To determine the total organic carbon content in the sludge.

Preferably, the pile height and the volume of the pile built in the third step cannot be too short or too small, and the pile height should be controlled to be 1.8-2.2 meters, the width should be controlled to be 2-2.5 meters, and the length should be controlled to be 2.5-3.5 meters.

Preferably, the oxygen supply in the fourth step is carried out uniformly, frequently and repeatedly, or else, the anaerobic fermentation is caused to generate odor, which affects the degradation effect.

Preferably, the starting temperature in the fourth step is controlled to be about 20 ℃, and the temperature rise after fermentation is controlled to be about 70 ℃.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the method utilizes the microorganisms to degrade the municipal domestic sludge, achieves harmless treatment on the sludge, reduces the damage of organic matters in the sludge to the environment and an ecological system, protects the living environment of the city, has certain economic value on producing organic fertilizers after the sludge is degraded, and reduces the cost of sludge treatment to a certain extent.

The invention can accelerate the degradation speed of the sludge by controlling the temperature of the microorganism during fermentation, prevent the sludge from being accumulated for a long time to generate harmful gas and protect the air quality of the city.

Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention relates to a method for treating municipal domestic sludge by utilizing harmless degradation of microorganisms, which comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: culturing a microbial starter for degrading domestic sludge;

step two: measuring the total organic carbon and total nitrogen content in the sludge, and adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio and the water content of the sludge by adding auxiliary materials;

step three: adding the microbial starter obtained in the step one into the mixed materials, and meanwhile stacking the materials;

step four: increasing oxygen supply measures and controlling the temperature during fermentation;

step five: the fermentation was completed within one week, and the material was dark brown, indicating that the fermentation was completed.

Furthermore, in the first step, the microbial starter mainly comprises a compound flora composed of various natural beneficial microbial groups such as bacteria, filamentous bacteria, yeast, actinomycetes and the like, and has extremely strong aerobic fermentation decomposition capability.

Furthermore, in the second step, the auxiliary materials are mainly one or more of rice chaff, straws and the like, the adjusted water content is 60-65%, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is 25-30.

Furthermore, the auxiliary materials in the second step have the main functions of ventilating, reducing the water content of the mixture and accelerating the oxidative decomposition of organic matters by microorganisms.

Further, the total organic carbon in the second step is the content of organic matters in the sludge, can reflect the pollution degree of the organic matters to the sludge, and is measured by a heating oxidation method.

Further, the thermal oxidation method is to burn the organic substances in the sludge sample at high temperature to convert the organic substances into CO₂By determination of CO₂To determine the total organic carbon content in the sludge.

Furthermore, the pile height and the volume of the pile built in the third step can not be too short and too small, and the pile height should be controlled to be 1.8-2.2 meters, the width should be controlled to be 2-2.5 meters, and the length should be controlled to be 2.5-3.5 meters.

Furthermore, the oxygen supply in the fourth step needs to be carried out uniformly, frequently turned over and ventilated, otherwise, anaerobic fermentation can be caused to generate odor, and the degradation effect is influenced.

Furthermore, in the fourth step, the starting temperature is controlled to be about 20 ℃, and the temperature rise after fermentation is preferably controlled to be about 70 ℃.

Aiming at the method for treating the municipal sludge by utilizing the harmless degradation of the microorganisms, the method controls the temperature of fermentation to be 65 ℃, 70 ℃ and 75 ℃ by comparing the rates of the microorganisms for oxidizing and decomposing organic matters in the sludge at different fermentation temperatures, and is recorded as A, B and C, wherein the A group is the sludge degradation time at the fermentation temperature of 65 ℃, the B group is the sludge degradation time at the fermentation temperature of 70 ℃, and the C group is the sludge degradation time at the fermentation temperature of 75 ℃, and the conditions are shown in the following table:

table one is a comparison of 3 temperatures versus time for microbial sludge degradation:

group of	Temperature of	Time h
			A	65	34
B	70	32
			C	75	29

As shown in the table, in the present invention, the higher the temperature during fermentation, the faster the rate of sludge degradation by microorganisms, but the temperature should not be too high, which may result in partial microorganism inactivation.

In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.