阅读说明：本技术 一种齿笼式多室有机固废热解反应器及其热解方法 (Toothed cage type multi-chamber organic solid waste pyrolysis reactor and pyrolysis method thereof ) 是由 陆强 谢文銮 胡斌 刘吉 李凯 杨勇平 于 2021-07-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种齿笼式多室有机固废热解反应器及其热解方法,该热解反应器包括依次相连的多级反应室、笼式搅拌器、连接通道等结构,其中笼式搅拌器由旋转轴、搅拌架、啮合齿和搅拌叶片组成。将有机固废原料按一定进料速率连续送入第一级反应室中,在笼式搅拌器的翻动下均匀受热分解。每级反应室中的热解剩余物不断经由笼式搅拌器的推动,在连接通道处受相邻反应室笼式搅拌器啮合齿共同的啮合、碾压作用进行破碎,并自动进入下一级反应室中继续热解,直至最后一级反应室中完全热解后排出,生成的热解气和残渣可进一步处理和利用。使用上述反应器进行无氧条件下有机固废的连续热解,可有效避免二噁英等有害物质生成,实现有机固废的无害化处理。(The invention provides a toothed cage type multi-chamber organic solid waste pyrolysis reactor and a pyrolysis method thereof. Continuously feeding the organic solid waste raw materials into a first-stage reaction chamber at a certain feeding speed, and uniformly heating and decomposing under the stirring of a cage type stirrer. The pyrolysis residues in each stage of reaction chamber are continuously pushed by the cage-type stirrer, are crushed by the common meshing and rolling action of meshing teeth of the cage-type stirrers of the adjacent reaction chambers at the connecting channel, automatically enter the next stage of reaction chamber for continuous pyrolysis, are discharged after complete pyrolysis in the last stage of reaction chamber, and the generated pyrolysis gas and residues can be further processed and utilized. The reactor is used for continuous pyrolysis of organic solid waste under the anaerobic condition, so that harmful substances such as dioxin can be effectively prevented from being generated, and harmless treatment of the organic solid waste is realized.)

1. A toothed cage type multi-chamber organic solid waste pyrolysis reactor comprises a feed inlet (1), a flue gas outlet (2), a reaction chamber (3), a cage type stirrer (4), a flue (5), a discharge outlet (6), a flue gas inlet (7), an air outlet pipe (8) and a connecting channel (9); the cage type stirrer (4) comprises a rotating shaft (41), a stirring frame (42), meshing teeth (43) and stirring blades (44), and is characterized in that,

the reaction chamber (3) is divided into a first-stage reaction chamber and a second-stage reaction chamber … … Nth-stage reaction chamber, each stage of reaction chamber is of a hollow horizontal cylindrical barrel structure, the reaction chambers are sequentially connected in series and are obliquely or vertically arranged at a certain angle, and the size of each stage is sequentially reduced; the adjacent two stages of reaction chambers are mutually overlapped, and the overlapped part is opened to form the connecting channel (9); a set of cage type stirrer (4) is arranged in each stage of reaction chamber, each set of cage type stirrer (4) is provided with a pair of rotating shafts (41), and the rotating shafts respectively extend into the reaction chamber along two ends of the axis of the cylinder body of the reaction chamber and are connected with the stirring frame (42); the stirring frame (42) is respectively arranged at two ends of the axis of the cylinder body of the reaction chamber, is of a disc structure with the outer contour tightly attached to the inner wall of the reaction chamber, and is provided with a hole in the middle; the meshing teeth (43) are of plate-type convex tooth-shaped structures, the plurality of meshing teeth (43) are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the stirring frame (42) along the radial direction outwards around the whole circumference, the outer contours of the meshing teeth (43) are tightly attached to the inner wall of the reaction chamber, and the minimum distance between the meshing teeth (43) of adjacent reaction chambers is continuously reduced along with the increase of the stages; at least one stirring blade (44) is connected to the middle part of the stirring frame (42), the stirring blade (44) is of a plate type or tubular type structure, at least one blade branch is arranged on each blade, and the size of the stirring blade (44) is reduced along with the increase of the number of the reaction chambers; outside the reaction chamber (3), the rotating shaft (41) of each set of cage-type stirrer (4) passes through the outer shell of the reactor and is connected with a driving device, all the cage-type stirrers are driven by the driving device to rotate, and the positions where the rotating shaft (41) is combined with the outer shell of the reactor and the reaction chamber are sealed by sealing devices; the flue (5) is arranged in a space between an outer shell of the reactor and the reaction chamber (3), an air distribution plate is arranged in the flue (5), and fins for strengthening heat exchange are arranged on the outer sides of the reaction chamber (3) and the connecting channel (9);

the upper end of the feed inlet (1) is connected with a feeding device, and the lower end of the feed inlet is connected with an opening above the first-stage reaction chamber; the inlet of the gas outlet pipe (8) is connected with the upper part of each stage of reaction chamber or the connecting channel (9); the gas outlet pipes (8) of the reaction chambers of each stage are converged and then connected to a combustion device or a condensing device for separating gas-liquid products; the discharge hole (6) is connected with a solid collecting device; the flue gas inlet (7) is connected with the combustion device, and the flue gas outlet (2) is connected with the purification device.

2. A pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, wherein the meshing teeth (34) are involute, circular arc or cycloidal teeth.

3. An organic solid waste pyrolysis method based on a rack cage type multi-chamber organic solid waste pyrolysis reactor as claimed in claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:

s1, high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion device enters a flue through a flue gas inlet to heat each stage of reaction chamber; the low-temperature flue gas after heat exchange enters a purification device through a flue gas outlet, and is emptied after purification treatment; adjusting the air distribution plate in the flue to make the reaction chambers reach proper temperature;

s2, the organic solid waste raw material in the feeding device passes through the cage type stirrer through the feeding hole and falls into the middle part of the first-stage reaction chamber at a certain feeding speed;

s3, driving the cage type stirrer to rotate at a proper rotating speed by the driving device, and uniformly turning over the organic solid waste raw materials in the reaction chamber; the organic solid waste raw material is heated and decomposed in the reaction chamber to generate pyrolysis gas which enters the gas outlet pipe; the residues with higher pyrolysis degree at the near-wall side of the reaction chamber are pushed into the connecting channel by the cage stirrer, are crushed by the common meshing and rolling action of the meshing teeth of the cage stirrers of the adjacent reaction chambers at the position of the connecting channel, and then fall into the next-stage reaction chamber, and the raw materials with lower pyrolysis degree in the middle of the reaction chamber move to the near-wall side for further pyrolysis; the pyrolysis residues are sequentially repeated to pass through each stage of reaction chamber, and the pyrolysis degree is continuously improved until the pyrolysis residues enter the last stage of reaction chamber;

s4, after the pyrolysis residues are completely pyrolyzed in the last stage reaction chamber, discharging the residual carbon residues and waste residues to a solid collecting device through a discharge hole;

s5, the pyrolysis gases generated in each stage of reaction chamber are merged and properly dehydrated, and then are sent to a combustion device for combustion or condensed to prepare liquid products.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of harmless treatment of organic solid waste, and particularly relates to a toothed cage type multi-chamber organic solid waste pyrolysis reactor. The invention also provides a pyrolysis method using the toothed cage type multi-chamber organic solid waste pyrolysis reactor.

Background

The organic solid waste (organic solid waste) refers to solid organic matter which is produced in production, living or other activities and loses original utilization value or is discarded without losing utilization value, and mainly comprises domestic garbage, sludge, waste plastics, waste rubber, agricultural and forestry waste and the like. With the rapid development of social economy in China, more and more organic solid wastes are generated in various fields of industry, agriculture, life and the like, so that not only can a series of serious environmental pollution problems be caused, but also a large amount of resources can be wasted. Therefore, the treatment of organic solid wastes has become a key problem related to the ecological civilization construction in China.

At present, domestic treatment of organic solid wastes still mainly depends on landfill or incineration treatment, so that the problems of serious secondary pollution, resource waste and the like exist, and the development direction of solid waste treatment established by the state is not met. Compared with the traditional mode, the pyrolysis method for treating the organic solid waste has the advantages of short treatment period, high conversion rate, obvious volume reduction effect, high-efficiency heavy metal solidification and the like, and is a technology with great application and popularization prospects in the current organic solid waste recycling treatment technology. At present, pyrolysis technologies for raw materials such as coal, biomass and the like are mature, but for general organic solid wastes such as household garbage, sludge and the like, the general organic solid wastes have high heat transfer performance and heat exchange efficiency due to large water content and poor heat conductivity and can fluctuate along with changes of weather, sources and the like, and the conventional pyrolysis device is difficult to adapt; meanwhile, the components of the organic solid waste are very complex and have large fluctuation, and the working condition can be quickly adjusted by a pyrolysis device; in addition, organic solid waste is heated and softened in the pyrolysis process to coke in large blocks, a certain crushing device or a device for preventing bonding is needed, and the influence on the heat exchange efficiency after the large blocks are bonded is avoided.

In the current mainstream pyrolysis reactor, although the fixed bed reactor has the advantages of large treatment capacity and strong adaptability to organic solid wastes with different components and sizes, the fixed bed reactor has uneven heat transfer, is difficult to flexibly regulate and control pyrolysis conditions, and can not overcome the problem of raw material adhesion; although the stirring type reactor can achieve uniform pyrolysis by stirring mixed materials, the stirring type reactor also has the problems of low energy utilization rate and the like caused by intermittent operation, and the poor effect of avoiding raw material bonding only by high-speed stirring is achieved; while general continuous reactors such as fluidized bed reactors, spiral reactors and the like have good heat transfer effect and flexible reaction condition regulation, but have strict requirements on components and dimensions of organic solid wastes and poor raw material adaptability. Therefore, the development of a novel organic solid waste pyrolysis treatment device and a corresponding treatment process which can overcome the defects is the research and development focus in the field of organic solid waste pyrolysis at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a toothed cage type multi-chamber organic solid waste pyrolysis reactor and a pyrolysis method, and aims to solve the technical problems that the conventional pyrolysis reaction device has the defects of low system efficiency, uneven heat transfer, poor raw material adaptability and the like, and particularly the technical problems that caking and slagging in the organic solid waste pyrolysis process are difficult to overcome and the efficient treatment of the organic solid waste cannot be really realized.

In order to solve the technical problem, an embodiment of the invention provides a toothed cage type multi-chamber organic solid waste pyrolysis reactor, which comprises a feeding hole, a flue gas outlet, a flue, a cage type stirrer, a reaction chamber, a discharging hole, a flue gas inlet, a connecting channel and an air outlet pipe, wherein the cage type stirrer comprises a rotating shaft, a stirring frame, meshing teeth and stirring blades.

The reaction chambers of the whole pyrolysis reactor are provided with N stages, namely a first-stage reaction chamber and a second-stage reaction chamber … … Nth-stage reaction chamber, each stage of reaction chamber is of a hollow horizontal cylindrical barrel structure, the reaction chambers are connected in sequence according to stages and can be inclined or vertically arranged according to a certain angle, and the size of each stage is gradually reduced; the adjacent two stages of reaction chambers are mutually overlapped, and the overlapped part is opened to form the connecting channel; a set of cage type stirrer is arranged in each stage of reaction chamber, each set of cage type stirrer is provided with a pair of rotating shafts, and the rotating shafts respectively extend into the reaction chamber along two ends of the axis of the cylinder body of the reaction chamber and are connected with the stirring frame; the stirring frame is respectively arranged at two ends of the axis of the cylinder body of the reaction chamber and is of a disc structure with the outer contour tightly attached to the inner wall of the reaction chamber, and the middle part of the stirring frame can be provided with a hole; the engaging teeth are of plate-type convex tooth-shaped structures, the plurality of engaging teeth are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the stirring frame around the whole circumference in a radially outward mode, the outer contours of the engaging teeth are tightly attached to the inner wall of the reaction chamber, and the minimum distance between the engaging teeth of adjacent reaction chambers is continuously reduced along with the increase of the number of stages; the middle part of the stirring frame can be connected with at least one stirring blade, the stirring blade is of a plate type or tubular structure, each blade can be provided with at least one blade branch, and the size of the stirring blade is reduced along with the increase of the number of stages of the reaction chamber; the rotating shaft of each set of cage stirrer passes through the outer shell of the reactor and is connected with a driving device outside the reaction chamber, the driving device drives all the cage stirrers to rotate, and the positions where the rotating shaft, the outer shell of the reactor and the reaction chamber are combined are sealed by sealing devices; the flue is arranged in a space between an outer shell of the reactor and the reaction chamber, an adjustable air distribution plate is arranged in the flue, and fins for strengthening heat exchange are arranged on the outer sides of the reaction chamber and the connecting channel; the upper end of the feed inlet is connected with the feeding device, and the lower end of the feed inlet is connected with an opening above the first-stage reaction chamber; the inlet of the gas outlet pipe is connected to the upper part of each stage of reaction chamber or the connecting channel; the gas outlet pipes of the reaction chambers of all stages are converged and then connected to a combustion device or a condensing device for separating gas-liquid products; the discharge hole is connected with a solid collecting device; the flue gas inlet is connected with the combustion device, and the flue gas outlet is connected with the purification device.

Preferably, the meshing teeth can adopt involute teeth, circular arc teeth or cycloid teeth.

The embodiment of the invention also provides an organic solid waste pyrolysis method using the gear cage type multi-chamber organic solid waste pyrolysis reactor, which comprises the following steps:

s1, high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion device enters a flue through a flue gas inlet to heat each stage of reaction chamber; the low-temperature flue gas after heat exchange enters a purification device through a flue gas outlet, and is emptied after purification treatment; adjusting the air distribution plate in the flue to make the reaction chambers reach proper temperature.

S2, the organic solid waste raw material in the feeding device passes through the cage type stirrer through the feeding hole and falls into the middle part of the first-stage reaction chamber according to a certain feeding speed.

S3, driving the cage type stirrer to rotate at a proper rotating speed by the driving device, and uniformly turning over the organic solid waste raw materials in the reaction chamber; the organic solid waste raw material is heated and decomposed in the reaction chamber to generate pyrolysis gas which enters the gas outlet pipe; the residues with higher pyrolysis degree at the near-wall side of the reaction chamber are pushed into the connecting channel by the cage stirrer, are crushed by the common meshing and rolling action of the meshing teeth of the cage stirrers of the adjacent reaction chambers at the position of the connecting channel, and then fall into the next-stage reaction chamber, and the raw materials with lower pyrolysis degree in the middle of the reaction chamber move to the near-wall side for further pyrolysis; the pyrolytic remainder is sequentially repeated to pass through each stage of reaction chamber, and the pyrolytic degree is continuously improved until the pyrolytic remainder enters the last stage of reaction chamber.

And S4, after the pyrolysis residues are completely pyrolyzed in the last stage reaction chamber, discharging the residual carbon residues and waste residues to a solid collecting device through a discharge hole.

S5, the pyrolysis gases generated in each stage of reaction chamber are merged and properly dehydrated, and then are sent to a combustion device for combustion or condensed to prepare liquid products.

The core of the toothed cage type multi-chamber organic solid waste pyrolysis reactor in the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention is a multi-chamber continuous pyrolysis reactor with a cage type stirrer capable of controlling the discharge amount through a rotating blade. After entering the first-stage reaction chamber, the solid waste raw materials are stirred by the cage stirrer to be heated and decomposed; the remainders with higher pyrolysis degree at the near-wall side of the reaction chamber are pushed into the connecting channel by the rotary stirring blades, are crushed by the joint meshing and rolling action of the meshing teeth of the cage-type stirrers of the adjacent reaction chambers at the position of the connecting channel, and then fall into the middle part of the next-stage reaction chamber, and the raw materials with lower pyrolysis degree at the middle part of the original reaction chamber move to the near-wall side for further pyrolysis. The pyrolysis residues enter the next-stage reaction chamber in sequence according to the steps, the pyrolysis degree is continuously improved until the last-stage reaction chamber is completely pyrolyzed, and the continuous pyrolysis process is integrally realized; and finally, discharging the carbon residue and the waste residue to a solid collecting device, and sending the pyrolysis gas to an exhaust pipe for proper dehydration and further processing and utilization. The beneficial effects include:

1. the applicability of the raw material types is wide: the method is suitable for organic solid wastes with various components and sizes, and does not need to deeply sort and crush raw materials.

2. Multi-chamber is continuous, space and heat utilization rate is high, automatic discharging: the reaction chambers are connected, the sizes of the reaction chambers are sequentially reduced according to the increase of the stages, the reactor is suitable for the process that raw materials in the reactor are heated and decomposed to be continuously reduced, and the heat and space utilization rate is high. The raw materials with higher pyrolysis degree at the side close to the wall of the reaction chamber automatically and sequentially enter the next-stage reaction chamber under the pushing action of the stirrer, the pyrolysis degree is continuously improved until the pyrolysis in the last-stage reaction chamber is complete, and the raw materials with lower pyrolysis degree in the middle of the reaction chamber move to the side close to the wall for further pyrolysis, so that the continuous pyrolysis process is integrally realized. Only need utilize cage agitator can automatic discharging between the adjacent reaction chamber, need not valve or other auxiliary device, simple structure.

3. The heating is uniform, and the treatment capacity is easy to expand: the reaction chamber is cylindrical barrel structure, improves the handling capacity through increase axial width easily to solid useless raw materials is constantly stirred to the rotatory cage agitator of usable axial, strengthens the heat transfer, prevents because the size enlarges the pyrolysis that leads to being heated inequality and bring.

4. Separating broken raw materials and preventing large blocks from slagging: the raw materials with higher thermal decomposition degree near the wall are separated by the meshing teeth, and the meshing teeth of the adjacent reaction chambers at the connecting channel jointly mesh, roll and crush the raw materials, so that large slag bonding is prevented, and the heat exchange efficiency of the raw materials is further improved.

5. The pyrolysis reaction condition is convenient to regulate and control, and the adaptability to the change of organic solid waste components is strong: the operating state of each reaction chamber in the pyrolysis reactor can be flexibly changed by adjusting the rotating speed of the cage-type stirrer of each reaction chamber, the temperature of flue gas generated by the combustor and the position and the angle of the air distribution plate outside each reaction chamber in the flue so as to adapt to the change of the components of the organic solid waste raw materials under the influence of factors such as weather change and different sources.

6. Efficient resource utilization of products: pyrolysis gas generated by the pyrolysis of the organic solid waste can be used for combustion, provides heat for the pyrolysis of the reactor, realizes an self-heating pyrolysis process, or obtains a liquid product after condensation, and is used as a liquid fuel or for further preparing chemicals. And the residual residues after pyrolysis can be further combusted and the like for resource utilization in the modes of producing building materials and the like.

7. Clean discharge: the pyrolysis process of the organic solid waste raw material is an oxygen-free process and can generate H₂And reducing components such as CO, and the like, and has low temperature and long retention time, so that the generation of harmful substances such as dioxin and the like can be effectively inhibited from the source, and the harmless treatment of organic solid wastes is realized.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a toothed cage type multi-chamber organic solid waste pyrolysis reactor provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cage mixer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a flow chart of the steps of the organic solid waste pyrolysis method provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

[ main component symbol description ]

1-a feed inlet; 2-a flue gas outlet; 3-a reaction chamber; 4-cage mixer; 5-flue; 6-discharging port; 7-flue gas inlet; 8-air outlet pipe; 9-connecting the channels;

41-rotation axis; 42-a stirring frame; 43-engaging teeth; 44-stirring blade.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Aiming at the existing problems, the invention provides the toothed cage type multi-chamber organic solid waste pyrolysis reactor and the pyrolysis method, which have the characteristics of wide raw material applicability, convenience in pyrolysis regulation and control, high space and heat utilization rate, automatic discharging, easiness in adjusting the discharging amount, capability of separating and crushing raw materials, high product resource utilization, clean emission and the like, and can realize the continuous pyrolysis process of multiple reaction chambers.

In order to implement the above technical solution, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the toothed cage type multi-chamber organic solid waste pyrolysis reactor provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a feed inlet 1, a flue gas outlet 2, a reaction chamber 3, a cage type stirrer 4, a flue 5, a discharge port 6, a flue gas inlet 7, a gas outlet pipe 8, and a connecting channel 9, wherein the cage type stirrer 4 includes a rotating shaft 41, a stirring frame 42, meshing teeth 43, and stirring blades 44.

The reaction chamber 3 of the whole pyrolysis reactor is provided with four stages, and is divided into a first-stage reaction chamber, a second-stage reaction chamber, a third-stage reaction chamber and a fourth-stage reaction chamber, and each stage of reaction chamber is of a hollow horizontal cylindrical barrel structure; the reaction chambers are connected in sequence from the first stage to the fourth stage and are vertically arranged integrally; the width of the cylinder body of each stage of reaction chamber is 2500 mm, and the diameters are 900 mm, 700 mm, 500 mm and 300 mm respectively; the adjacent reaction chambers are mutually overlapped, and the overlapped parts are opened to form a connecting channel 9; a set of cage type stirrer 4 is arranged in each stage of reaction chamber, each set of cage type stirrer 4 is provided with a pair of rotating shafts 41, and the rotating shafts respectively extend into the reaction chamber along two ends of the axis of the cylinder body of the reaction chamber and are connected with a stirring frame 42; the stirring frame 42 is respectively arranged at two ends of the axial line of the reaction chamber and is of a disc structure with the thickness of 40 mm, and the clearance between the outer contour and the inner wall of the reaction chamber is 5 mm; the meshing teeth 43 adopt an involute tooth structure, and the modulus is 16 mm; the outer contour of the meshing teeth 43 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the reaction chamber, and the minimum distance between the meshing teeth 43 of adjacent reaction chambers is 10 mm, 6 mm and 3 mm along with the increase of the stage number; a plate-type stirring blade 44 with the width of 40 mm is connected to the middle part of the stirring frame 42, and blade branches with the width of 20 mm and the length of 20 mm are arranged along the stirring blade 44 in a staggered mode every 200 mm; outside the reaction chamber 3, the rotating shaft 41 of each set of cage type stirrer 4 passes through the outer shell of the reactor and is connected with a motor, the motor drives all the cage type stirrers 4 to rotate, and the position where the rotating shaft 41 is combined with the outer shell of the reactor and the reaction chamber is sealed by a sealing device; the flue 3 is arranged in the space between the outer shell of the reactor and the reaction chamber 3, the adjustable air distribution plate is arranged in the flue 3, and fins for strengthening heat exchange are arranged on the outer sides of the reaction chamber 3 and the connecting channel 9.

The upper end of the feed inlet 1 is connected with a feeding device, and the lower end of the feed inlet is connected with an opening above the first-stage reaction chamber; the inlet of the gas outlet pipe 8 is connected with the upper part of each stage of reaction chamber 3 or the connecting channel 9; after being converged, the gas outlet pipes 8 of the reaction chambers 3 at all stages are connected to a combustion device or a condensing device for separating gas-liquid products; the discharge port 6 is connected with a solid collecting device; the flue gas inlet 7 is connected with the combustion device, and the flue gas outlet 2 is connected with the purification device.

In order to better realize the technical scheme, the invention also provides a pyrolysis method based on the toothed cage type multi-chamber organic solid waste pyrolysis reactor, which is shown in fig. 3, and comprises the following steps:

s1, high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion device enters a flue through a flue gas inlet to heat each stage of reaction chamber; the low-temperature flue gas after heat exchange enters a purification device through a flue gas outlet, and is emptied after purification treatment; adjusting the air distribution plate in the flue to make the reaction chambers reach proper temperature.

And S2, the organic solid waste raw material in the feeding device passes through the jaw type stirrer through the feeding hole and falls into the middle part of the first-stage reaction chamber at a certain feeding speed.

S3, driving the cage type stirrer to rotate at a proper rotating speed by the driving device, and uniformly turning over the organic solid waste raw materials in the reaction chamber; the organic solid waste raw material is heated and decomposed in the reaction chamber to generate pyrolysis gas which enters the gas outlet pipe; the residues with higher pyrolysis degree at the near-wall side of the reaction chamber are pushed into the connecting channel by the cage stirrer, are crushed by the common meshing and rolling action of the meshing teeth of the cage stirrers of the adjacent reaction chambers at the position of the connecting channel, and then fall into the next-stage reaction chamber, and the raw materials with lower pyrolysis degree in the middle of the reaction chamber move to the near-wall side for further pyrolysis; the pyrolytic remainder is sequentially repeated to pass through each stage of reaction chamber, and the pyrolytic degree is continuously improved until the pyrolytic remainder enters the last stage of reaction chamber.

And S4, after the pyrolysis residue is completely pyrolyzed in the fourth-stage reaction chamber, discharging the residual carbon residue and waste residue to a solid collecting device through a discharge hole.

S5, the pyrolysis gases generated in each stage of reaction chamber are merged and properly dehydrated, and then are sent to a combustion device for combustion or condensed to prepare liquid products.

The specific operation steps are as follows:

before the organic solid waste pyrolysis reaction, firstly closing an inlet of a first-stage reaction chamber, and making high-temperature flue gas generated by a combustion device flow through a flue preheating reaction chamber; adjusting an air distribution plate, opening an inlet of a first-stage reaction chamber after each reaction chamber reaches the required temperature, starting a feeding device and a driving motor, continuously feeding the organic solid waste raw material into the first-stage reaction chamber at a certain speed, uniformly heating under the stirring of a cage type stirrer, and starting pyrolysis to generate pyrolysis gas; the residues with higher pyrolysis degree at the near-wall side of the reaction chamber are pushed into the connecting channel by the cage stirrer, are crushed by the common meshing and rolling action of the meshing teeth of the cage stirrers of the adjacent reaction chambers at the position of the connecting channel, and then fall into the next-stage reaction chamber, and the raw materials with lower pyrolysis degree in the middle of the reaction chamber move to the near-wall side for further pyrolysis; the pyrolysis residues sequentially pass through the second-stage reaction chamber and the third-stage reaction chamber, and the pyrolysis degree is continuously improved until the pyrolysis residues are completely pyrolyzed in the fourth-stage reaction chamber; discharging the residual carbon residue and waste residue to a solid collecting device through a discharge hole for subsequent treatment and utilization; the generated pyrolysis gas can be sent to a combustion device for combustion after being properly dehydrated so as to be used for supplying heat to a reactor, so that self-heating pyrolysis is realized, or the pyrolysis gas is sent to a condensing device for separating a liquid product and then is used as a liquid fuel or further for preparing chemicals; the low-temperature flue gas after heat exchange in the flue is treated by the purifying device and then is emptied.

The process flow of organic solid waste pyrolysis using a rack cage type multi-chamber organic solid waste pyrolysis reactor will be described in detail by the following specific examples, in each of which an apparatus having substantially the same structure is used.

Example 1

Firstly, the temperature of the first two stages of reaction chambers is maintained at 420 ℃ and the temperature of the second two stages of reaction chambers is maintained at 480 ℃ by adjusting the temperature of hot flue gas generated by a combustion device and an air distribution plate in a flue 5; then adjusting a driving motor to maintain the rotating speed of the cage type stirrer 4 in each stage of reaction chamber at 12 r/min; using a screw feeder as a feeding device, continuously feeding the waste plastics into the reactor at a feeding rate of 0.8 t/h, and continuously heating and decomposing in each stage of reaction chamber until the pyrolysis in the fourth stage reaction chamber is completed; after the generated pyrolysis gas is condensed and separated to obtain a liquid phase product, communicating non-condensable gas to another catalytic reaction furnace at 600 ℃ for producing hydrogen; the liquid phase product is sent into a combustion device for combustion and is used for supplying heat to the reactor; and finally, discharging the residual residues through a discharge port 6, and collecting the residues in a solid collecting device. The whole device realizes the continuous pyrolysis of the waste plastics under the anaerobic condition, effectively inhibits the generation and the emission of harmful substances such as dioxin and the like, has the weight reduction rate of 92.7w percent, and realizes the efficient harmless treatment.

Example 2

Firstly, the temperature of each stage of reaction chamber is maintained at 480 ℃ by adjusting the temperature of hot flue gas generated by a combustion device and an air distribution plate in a flue 5; then, the driving motor is adjusted to ensure that the rotating speed of the cage type stirrer 4 in each stage of reaction chamber is maintained at 7.5 r/min. A belt conveyor is used as a feeding device, the municipal solid waste is continuously fed into the reactor at a feeding rate of 1 t/h, and is continuously heated and decomposed in each stage of reaction chamber until the pyrolysis in the fourth stage of reaction chamber is completed; the generated pyrolysis gas is dehydrated to a certain degree and then is sent to a combustion device for combustion, and the pyrolysis gas is used for supplying heat to the reactor; and finally, discharging the residual waste residues and carbon residues through a discharge port 6, and collecting in a solid collecting device. The whole device realizes the continuous pyrolysis of the household garbage under the anaerobic condition, effectively inhibits the generation and the emission of harmful substances such as dioxin, has the weight reduction rate of 83.6w percent, and realizes the efficient harmless treatment.

Example 3

Firstly, the temperature of a front third-stage reaction chamber is maintained at 550 ℃ and the temperature of a fourth-stage reaction chamber is maintained at 300 ℃ by adjusting the temperature of hot flue gas generated by a combustion device and an air distribution plate in a flue 5; then adjusting a driving motor to maintain the rotating speed of the cage type stirrer 4 in each stage of reaction chamber at 15 r/min; continuously feeding bagasse into the reactor at a feeding rate of 0.4 t/h by using a screw feeder as a feeding device, and continuously heating and decomposing in each stage of reaction chamber until pyrolysis in a fourth stage reaction chamber is completed; the generated pyrolysis gas is condensed to separate gas phase and liquid phase products, and finally the residual coke is discharged through a discharge port 6 and collected in a solid collecting device. Wherein the incondensable gas is dehydrated to a certain degree and then is sent into a combustion device together with coke for combustion, and is used for supplying heat to the reactor; the whole device realizes the continuous pyrolysis of the bagasse under the anaerobic condition, effectively inhibits the generation and discharge of harmful substances such as dioxin and the like, and realizes the efficient resource utilization of the bagasse, and the yield of the obtained liquid-phase product can reach 30.2 w%.

Example 4

Firstly, the temperature of each stage of reaction chamber is maintained at 400 ℃ by adjusting the temperature of hot flue gas generated by a combustion device and an air distribution plate in a flue 5; then adjusting a driving motor to maintain the rotating speed of the cage type stirrer 4 in each stage of reaction chamber at 6 r/min; a belt conveyor is used as a feeding device, the waste rubber is continuously fed into the reactor at a feeding rate of 0.6 t/h, and is continuously heated and decomposed in each stage of reaction chamber until the pyrolysis in the fourth stage of reaction chamber is completed; the generated pyrolysis gas is dehydrated to a certain degree and then is sent to a combustion device for combustion, and the pyrolysis gas is used for supplying heat to the reactor; and finally, discharging the residual waste residues and carbon residues through a discharge port 6, and collecting in a solid collecting device. The whole device realizes the continuous pyrolysis of the waste rubber under the anaerobic condition, effectively inhibits the generation and the emission of harmful substances such as dioxin, has the weight reduction rate of 79.7w percent, and realizes the efficient harmless treatment.

In the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention; unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "communicating," and the like are to be construed broadly and encompass, for example, both fixed and removable connections or integral connections; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

For the embodiments of the present invention, the common general knowledge of the known specific structures and characteristics in the schemes is not described too much; the embodiments are described in a progressive manner, technical features related to the embodiments can be combined with each other on the premise of not conflicting with each other, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered to fall within the scope of the present invention.