阅读说明：本技术 一种水库冲刷淤积计算方法 (Reservoir scouring sedimentation calculation method ) 是由 汪诗奇 王莹 石晨辰 孙嘉骏 郜士彬 任威 徐儒林 刘祜昌 肖胜昌 李正品 陈科 于 2021-06-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种水库冲刷淤积计算方法,属于工程测量数据应用技术领域,具体是一种水库冲刷淤积计算方法。本发明的方法,采用多期实测水库地形数据成果创建规则格网DEM数据,然后对DEM格网单元进行三角剖分并利用不同类别的三角柱模型计算各体积单元的冲刷体积和淤积体积,再进行累加得到总体的冲刷体积和淤积体积,实现了水库冲刷淤积的准确计算。本发明的方法设计合理,具有自动化程度高、效率高、准确性好、成本低等特点。(The invention relates to a reservoir scouring sedimentation calculation method, belongs to the technical field of engineering measurement data application, and particularly relates to a reservoir scouring sedimentation calculation method. The method of the invention adopts multi-stage actual measurement reservoir terrain data achievement to establish regular grid DEM data, then triangulates DEM grid units, calculates the scouring volume and the sedimentation volume of each volume unit by using different types of triangular column models, and then accumulates to obtain the total scouring volume and the sedimentation volume, thereby realizing accurate calculation of reservoir scouring sedimentation. The method has the characteristics of reasonable design, high automation degree, high efficiency, good accuracy, low cost and the like.)

1. A reservoir scouring sedimentation calculating method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1, creating a digital elevation model in a regular grid form at least two stages by utilizing actual measurement reservoir topographic data results at different stages: DEM;

step 2, dividing each grid unit of at least two stages of regular grid DEMs by a diagonal line to obtain a basic unit for calculating the erosion deposition; the scouring sedimentation calculating basic unit is a volume unit;

step 3, calculating the flushing volume Ve for each volume unit_iAnd a sludge volume Vs_i。

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises step 4 of adding the wash volume and the sediment volume of each volume unit to obtain a total wash volume Ve and a total sediment volume Vs of the two-phase data.

3. The method for calculating the erosion siltation of a reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 is specifically as follows: (1) collecting at least two actual measurement terrain data results of the same reservoir; (2) setting start-stop coordinates of a regular grid and the size d of the grid; (3) and respectively creating multi-stage regular grid DEM data by utilizing the multi-stage actual measurement terrain data according to the set regular grid.

4. The method for calculating the erosion siltation of a reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 is specifically as follows: and (3) dividing each grid unit of the two-stage regular grid DEM data according to the diagonal line, so that each grid unit can be divided into two volume units, and a volume unit set V is constructed.

5. The method for calculating the erosion siltation of a reservoir according to claim 1, wherein said step 3 is specifically: (1) selecting one volume unit V from the volume unit set V_i(2) judging which type the volume unit belongs to according to the height of the two-stage elevation of each node; (3) respectively calculating the scouring volume Ve in the volume unit according to the volume calculation formulas of all categories_iAnd a sludge volume Vs_i(ii) a (4) Repeating the above process, and obtaining the flushing volume and the silting volume of all the volume units when all the volume units are completely traversed.

6. The method for calculating the erosion siltation of a reservoir according to claim 1, wherein said step 4 is specifically: flushing volume Ve of each volume unit_iAnd a sludge volume Vs_iThe two-phase data are accumulated to obtain a total flushing volume Ve and a total silting volume Vs of the two-phase data.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 2, the basic scouring deposit calculating unit comprises the following components in category 1: pure scouring, specifically, if all the elevations of nodes in the next stage in a volume unit are not greater than the elevations of nodes in the previous stage, all the nodes in the volume unit are scoured; the washing volume is a triangular prism A₁B₁C₁The volume of ABC is (x) given as the plane coordinates of point A, B, C₁，y₁)、(x₂，y₂)、(x₃，y₃) H1, h2 and h3 are AA respectively₁、BB₁、CC₁The volume calculation formula is as follows:

8. the method according to claim 1, wherein in step 2, the basic unit for calculating the erosion deposition of the reservoir comprises the following steps of class 2: pure silting, specifically, if the elevation of the node at the later stage in the volume unit is not less than the elevation of the node at the previous stage, all silting occurs in the volume unit. The deposition volume is a triangular prism A₁B₁C₁The volume of ABC is (x) given as the plane coordinates of point A, B, C₁，y₁)、(x₂，y₂)、(x₃，y₃) H1, h2 and h3 are AA respectively₁、BB₁、CC₁The volume calculation formula is as follows:

9. the method of claim 1, wherein in step 2, the basic unit for calculating the erosion deposition of the reservoir comprises the following category 3: and half-flushing, specifically, if one and only one point elevation of the nodes in the last period in the volume unit is greater than the elevation of the corresponding nodes in the previous period, flushing is performed inside the volume unit. The punching part is a pentahedron EFAA₁B₁B, the volume of which is equal to that of the rectangular pyramid C₁AA₁B₁Volume of B minus rectangular pyramid C₁Volume of EFAB, denoted by quadrilateral AA₁B₁Area of B is S₁，C₁To plane AA₁B₁Distance of B is h₁The area of the quadrilateral EFAB is S₂，C₁Distance h from plane EFAB₂(ii) a The deposition part is a triangular pyramid CC₁EF, let triangle C₁EF has an area of S₃From C to plane C₁Distance of EF is h₃Then, the volume calculation formula is as follows:

10. the method of claim 1, wherein in step 2, the basic unit for calculating the erosion deposition of the reservoir comprises the following categories 4: and semi-silting, specifically, if one and only one point elevation of a node in the next stage in the volume unit is smaller than that of a corresponding node in the previous stage, silting is performed inside the volume unit. The deposition part is pentahedral EFAA₁B₁B, the volume of which is equal to that of the rectangular pyramid C₁AA₁B₁Volume of B minus rectangular pyramid C₁Volume of EFAB, denoted by quadrilateral AA₁B₁Area of B is S₁，C₁To plane AA₁B₁Distance of B is h₁The area of the quadrilateral EFAB is S₂，C₁Distance h from plane EFAB₂(ii) a The punching part is a triangular pyramid CC₁EF, let triangle C₁EF has an area of S₃From C to plane C₁Distance of EF is h₃Then, the volume calculation formula is as follows:

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering measurement data application, and particularly relates to a reservoir scouring sedimentation calculation method.

Background

In the operation of the reservoir, the scouring and silting calculation of the reservoir plays an important role in knowing the operation state of the reservoir, and reservoir operation and maintenance management personnel can master the overall operation condition of the reservoir according to the information and can adopt reservoir dredging work to ensure the operation safety of the reservoir when necessary.

At present, the reservoir scouring sedimentation calculation methods are various, and mainly comprise a regular grid embedding method, a section method, a DTM method, a triangular column method and the like. The triangular column method is a relatively accurate calculation model, but in the existing triangular column calculation method, only the triangular column model in the conventional form is considered, the unconventional situation is not considered, and in addition, the common DEM construction mode based on the irregular triangular network cannot ensure that the data nodes of the DEM in the two stages are mutually corresponding, so that inconvenience is brought to the application of the triangular column method, and certain defects exist.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problem of defects in the existing reservoir scouring sedimentation calculation model and provides a scouring sedimentation calculation method.

The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.

A reservoir scouring sedimentation calculating method comprises the following steps:

step 1, creating a digital elevation model in a regular grid form at least two stages by utilizing actual measurement reservoir topographic data results at different stages: DEM;

step 2, dividing each grid unit of at least two stages of regular grid DEMs by a diagonal line to obtain a basic unit for calculating the erosion deposition; the scouring sedimentation calculating basic unit is a volume unit;

step 3, calculating the flushing volume Ve for each volume unit_iAnd a sludge volume Vs_i。

The reservoir scouring sedimentation calculating method comprises the step 4 of accumulating the scouring volume and the sedimentation volume of each volume unit to obtain the total scouring volume Ve and the sedimentation volume Vs of the two-stage data.

The step 1 of the invention specifically comprises the following steps: (1) collecting at least two stages of actually measured topographic data results of the same reservoir, and checking the integrity and the effectiveness of the data; (2) setting start-stop coordinates of a regular grid and the size d of the grid; (3) and respectively creating multi-stage regular grid DEM data by utilizing the multi-stage actual measurement terrain data according to the set regular grid.

The step 2 of the invention specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) dividing each grid unit of the two-stage regular grid DEM data according to the diagonal line, so that each grid unit can be divided into two volume units, and a volume unit set V is constructed.

The step 3 of the invention specifically comprises the following steps: (1) selecting one volume unit V from the volume unit set V_i(2) judging which type the volume unit belongs to according to the height of the two-stage elevation of each node; (3) respectively calculating the scouring volume Ve in the volume unit according to the volume calculation formulas of all categories_iAnd a sludge volume Vs_i(ii) a (4) Repeating the above process, and obtaining the flushing volume and the silting volume of all the volume units when all the volume units are completely traversed.

The step 4 of the invention specifically comprises the following steps: flushing volume Ve of each volume unit_iAnd a sludge volume Vs_iThe two-phase data are accumulated to obtain a total flushing volume Ve and a total silting volume Vs of the two-phase data.

In step 2 of the present invention, the scouring sedimentation calculation basic unit includes category 1: pure scouring, specifically, if all the elevations of nodes in the next stage in a volume unit are not greater than the elevations of nodes in the previous stage, all the nodes in the volume unit are scoured; the washing volume is a triangular prism A₁B₁C₁The volume of ABC is (x) given as the plane coordinates of point A, B, C₁，y₁)、(x₂，y₂)、(x₃，y₃) H1, h2 and h3 are AA respectively₁、BB₁、CC₁The volume calculation formula is as follows:

in step 2 of the present invention, the scouring sedimentation calculation basic unit includes category 2: pure silting, specifically, if the elevation of the node at the later stage in the volume unit is not less than the elevation of the node at the previous stage, all silting occurs in the volume unit. The deposition volume is a triangular prism A₁B₁C₁The volume of ABC is (x) given as the plane coordinates of point A, B, C₁，y₁)、(x₂，y₂)、(x₃，y₃) H1, h2 and h3 are AA respectively₁、BB₁、CC₁The volume calculation formula is as follows:

in step 2 of the present invention, the scouring siltation calculation basic unit includes category 3: and half-flushing, specifically, if one and only one point elevation of the nodes in the last period in the volume unit is greater than the elevation of the corresponding nodes in the previous period, flushing is performed inside the volume unit. The punching part is a pentahedron EFAA₁B₁B, the volume of which is equal to that of the rectangular pyramid C₁AA₁B₁Volume of B minusRectangular pyramid C₁Volume of EFAB, denoted by quadrilateral AA₁B₁Area of B is S₁，C₁To plane AA₁B₁Distance of B is h₁The area of the quadrilateral EFAB is S₂，C₁Distance h from plane EFAB₂(ii) a The deposition part is a triangular pyramid CC₁EF, let triangle C₁EF has an area of S₃From C to plane C₁Distance of EF is h₃Then, the volume calculation formula is as follows:

in step 2 of the present invention, the scouring siltation calculation basic unit includes category 4: and semi-silting, specifically, if one and only one point elevation of a node in the next stage in the volume unit is smaller than that of a corresponding node in the previous stage, silting is performed inside the volume unit. The deposition part is pentahedral EFAA₁B₁B, the volume of which is equal to that of the rectangular pyramid C₁AA₁B₁Volume of B minus rectangular pyramid C₁Volume of EFAB, denoted by quadrilateral AA₁B₁Area of B is S₁，C₁To plane AA₁B₁Distance of B is h₁The area of the quadrilateral EFAB is S₂，C₁Distance h from plane EFAB₂(ii) a The punching part is a triangular pyramid CC₁EF, let triangle C₁EF has an area of S₃From C to plane C₁Distance of EF is h₃Then, the volume calculation formula is as follows:

the invention has the characteristics of reasonable design, high automation degree, high efficiency, good accuracy, low cost and the like. The concrete embodiment is as follows:

1. the invention utilizes the actually measured terrain data to establish the regular grid DEM, can better keep the integrity of the terrain, can more truly reflect the actual terrain change, applies different types of volume calculation formulas according to the magnitude relation of the elevation of the DEM nodes in two stages, better reflects the change condition of the terrain, and can obtain more accurate scouring sedimentation calculation results.

2. The erosion deposition calculation model adopted by the invention can better reflect the change condition of the actual terrain, and the calculation result is accurate.

3. The invention has high automation degree, and can directly obtain the calculation result without manual intervention in the scouring siltation calculation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an overall process flow diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a process flow diagram of step 1.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of step 2.

Fig. 4 is a flowchart of the processing of step 3.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of different types of volume calculation units.

Fig. 6 is an exemplary (partial) diagram of a two-phase regular grid DEM.

Fig. 7 is an exemplary diagram of two-phase regular grid DEM triangulation.

Fig. 8 is an exemplary graph of the calculated flush sludge volume (gray for flush, black for sludge) in the volume unit.

FIG. 9 is an exemplary graph of the total flush volume and sump volume resulting from the volume accumulation.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1, a reservoir erosion deposition calculation method includes the following steps:

step 1, establishing a two-stage regular grid form Digital Elevation Model (DEM) by utilizing different stages of actually measured reservoir topographic data results; the method comprises the following specific steps (as shown in figure 2):

(1) collecting at least two stages of actually measured topographic data results of the same reservoir, and checking the integrity and the effectiveness of the data;

(2) setting start-stop coordinates of a regular grid and the size d of the grid;

(3) and respectively creating multi-stage regular grid DEM data by utilizing the multi-stage actual measurement terrain data according to the set regular grid.

Step 2, dividing each grid unit of the two-stage regular grid DEM by a diagonal line to obtain a scouring sedimentation calculation basic unit (hereinafter referred to as a volume unit, as shown in figure 3); the specific treatment process comprises the following steps:

and (3) dividing each grid unit of the two-stage regular grid DEM data according to the diagonal line, so that each grid unit can be divided into two volume units, and a volume unit set V is constructed.

Step 3, calculating the flushing volume Ve for each volume unit_iAnd a sludge volume Vs_i(ii) a The specific process is (as shown in figure 4):

(1) selecting one volume unit V from the volume unit set V_i，

(2) Judging which category the volume unit belongs to according to the size of the elevation of each node in the two phases;

(3) respectively calculating the scouring volume Ve in the volume unit according to the volume calculation formulas of all categories_iAnd a sludge volume Vs_i；

(4) Repeating the above process, and obtaining the flushing volume and the silting volume of all the volume units when all the volume units are completely traversed.

And 4, accumulating the flushing volume and the deposition volume of each volume unit to obtain a total flushing volume Ve and a total deposition volume Vs of the two-phase data. The specific treatment process comprises the following steps:

flushing volume Ve of each volume unit_iAnd a sludge volume Vs_iThe two-phase data are accumulated to obtain a total flushing volume Ve and a total silting volume Vs of the two-phase data.

The basic unit type of volume calculation and the corresponding volume calculation formula involved in the specific process of the invention are as follows:

class 1: pure flushing (class 1, A, B, C in FIG. 5 indicates the later stage node, A₁、B₁、C₁Representing the previous period node). And if the elevations of the nodes in the last period in the volume unit are not more than the elevations of the nodes in the previous period, flushing is performed in the volume unit. The washing volume is a triangular prism A₁B₁C₁Volume of ABC set point A, B, CRespectively are (x)₁，y₁)、(x₂，y₂)、(x₃，y₃) H1, h2 and h3 are AA respectively₁、BB₁、CC₁The volume calculation formula is as follows:

class 2: pure fouling (class 2, A, B, C in fig. 5 indicates the later stage node, a₁、B₁、C₁Representing the previous period node). And if the elevations of the nodes in the last period in the volume unit are not less than the elevations of the nodes in the previous period, all the nodes in the volume unit are silted. The deposition volume is a triangular prism A₁B₁C₁The volume of ABC is (x) given as the plane coordinates of point A, B, C₁，y₁)、(x₂，y₂)、(x₃，y₃) H1, h2 and h3 are AA respectively₁、BB₁、CC₁The volume calculation formula is as follows:

class 3: half-flush (class 3, A, B, C in FIG. 5 represents the later stage node, A₁、B₁、C₁Representing the previous period node). And if the nodes in the last period in the volume unit have and only one point elevation is greater than the elevation of the corresponding node in the previous period, the inside of the volume unit is flushed. The punching part is a pentahedron EFAA₁B₁B, the volume of which is equal to that of the rectangular pyramid C₁AA₁B₁Volume of B minus rectangular pyramid C₁Volume of EFAB, denoted by quadrilateral AA₁B₁Area of B is S₁，C₁To plane AA₁B₁Distance of B is h₁The area of the quadrilateral EFAB is S₂，C₁Distance h from plane EFAB₂(ii) a The deposition part is a triangular pyramid CC₁EF, let triangle C₁Of EFArea is S₃From C to plane C₁Distance of EF is h₃Then, the volume calculation formula is as follows:

class 4: semi-fouling (category 4, A, B, C in fig. 5 denotes the later stage node, a₁、B₁、C₁Representing the previous period node). And if the next-stage node in the volume unit has one point elevation smaller than the elevation of the corresponding node in the previous stage, the interior of the volume unit is divided into siltation. The deposition part is pentahedral EFAA₁B₁B, the volume of which is equal to that of the rectangular pyramid C₁AA₁B₁Volume of B minus rectangular pyramid C₁Volume of EFAB, denoted by quadrilateral AA₁B₁Area of B is S₁，C₁To plane AA₁B₁Distance of B is h₁The area of the quadrilateral EFAB is S₂，C₁Distance h from plane EFAB₂(ii) a The punching part is a triangular pyramid CC₁EF, let triangle C₁EF has an area of S₃From C to plane C₁Distance of EF is h₃Then, the volume calculation formula is as follows:

fig. 6 shows (part of) two-stage regular grid DEM data created from two-stage actual measurement topographic data results of a certain reservoir according to step 1, and the size of the grid is set to 1 m.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of each grid cell of the two-phase DEM data divided by a diagonal line, resulting in a volume cell set.

As FIG. 8 is an illustration of the scouring sludge calculation performed in each volume unit, the scouring volume Ve in each volume unit can be obtained by step 3_iAnd a sludge volume Vs_i。

FIG. 9 shows the flushing volume Ve of each volume unit_iAnd siltingVolume Vs_iThe final result obtained by the addition gives a total flush volume Ve of 5211539.963m for the two-phase data³And a sludge volume Vs of 8538880.850m³It can be concluded that the reservoir was generally in a sediment state during both measurements, with a total sediment volume of 3327340.888m³。