阅读说明：本技术 一种燃烧颗粒物及有害气体零损失检测系统及方法 (Zero-loss detection system and method for combustion particles and harmful gas ) 是由 朱金佗 孙海松 周福宝 何新建 王亮 任万兴 黄靖维 张玉东 于 2021-06-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种燃烧颗粒物及有害气体零损失检测系统及方法,本系统包括颗粒物检测系统和气体检测系统；颗粒物检测系统包括设在第二腔室内的第一腔室、能够穿入第一腔室和第二腔室内的注液管道和毒气探测针,第一腔室的底板上设有磁力搅拌棒和下孔洞；所述下孔洞的下方设有与其对应的可控温升降台；气体检测系统包括第二腔室、与毒气探测针电性连接的气体分析仪以及若干气体传感器；本发明将颗粒物制成悬浊液,能够实现颗粒物和有毒有害气体的零损失检测；能够实现不同燃烧温度、不同的氧气浓度对可燃物燃烧的影响,同时通过智能天平监测可燃物质量变化,可研究任意时刻可燃物质量变化与颗粒物及有毒有害气体释放的关系。(The invention discloses a zero loss detection system and a method for combustion particles and harmful gases, wherein the system comprises a particle detection system and a gas detection system; the particle detection system comprises a first chamber arranged in a second chamber, a liquid injection pipeline and a toxic gas detection needle, wherein the liquid injection pipeline and the toxic gas detection needle can penetrate into the first chamber and the second chamber; a controllable temperature rise platform corresponding to the lower hole is arranged below the lower hole; the gas detection system comprises a second chamber, a gas analyzer electrically connected with the toxic gas detection needle and a plurality of gas sensors; according to the invention, the particles are prepared into turbid liquid, so that zero loss detection of the particles and toxic and harmful gases can be realized; the influence of different combustion temperatures, different oxygen concentrations to combustible combustion can be realized, and the relation between combustible mass change and particulate matter and toxic and harmful gas release at any moment can be researched through intelligent balance monitoring combustible mass change.)

1. A zero loss detection system for combustion particles and harmful gases is characterized by comprising a particle detection system and a gas detection system; the particle detection system comprises a first chamber (1), a liquid injection pipeline (3) and a toxic gas detection needle (13) which are arranged in a second chamber (6), wherein the liquid injection pipeline (3) and the toxic gas detection needle (13) can penetrate into the first chamber (1) and the second chamber (6), and a magnetic stirring rod (2) and a lower hole (4) are arranged on a bottom plate of the first chamber (1); a controllable temperature rise lifting platform corresponding to the lower hole (4) is arranged below the lower hole, a high-temperature disc (7) on the controllable temperature rise lifting platform is arranged on an intelligent balance (9), and the intelligent balance (9) is fixed on a bottom plate of the second chamber (6); the gas detection system comprises a second chamber (6), a gas analyzer (14) electrically connected with the toxic gas detection needle (13) and a plurality of gas sensors (11); the gas sensor (11) is arranged at the upper end of the second chamber (6) and is communicated with the inner cavity of the second chamber.

2. The zero loss detection system for combustion particles and harmful gases as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature-controllable elevating platform comprises a high-temperature disc (7) and a temperature controller (10) electrically connected with the high-temperature disc, and the high-temperature disc (7) is fixed on the intelligent balance (9) through an elevating rod (8).

3. The zero loss detection system for combustion particles and harmful gases according to claim 1, wherein the first chamber (1) is made of a breathable waterproof material, toxic and harmful gases generated by combustion in the first chamber (1) can diffuse into the second chamber (6), and particles generated by combustion are attached to the inner wall of the first chamber (1).

4. A zero loss detection system for burned particles and harmful gases according to claim 1, wherein the first chamber (1) is arranged at the center of the second chamber (6), and the gas sensors (11) are uniformly distributed at four corners of the second chamber (6).

5. The zero loss detection system for combustion particles and harmful gases according to claim 1, wherein the top plates of the first chamber (1) and the second chamber (6) are respectively provided with an upper hole (5) for the injection pipeline (3) to pass through, one side plate of the first chamber (1) and the second chamber (6) is respectively provided with a side hole (15) for the toxic gas detection needle (13) to pass through, and the upper hole (5), the side hole (15) and the lower hole (4) are respectively provided with a closed switch, so that the sealing performance is good.

6. A zero loss detection method for combustion particles and harmful gases is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, placing combustible materials on the high-temperature disc (7), opening the switch on the lower hole (4) to lift the high-temperature disc (7) into the first chamber (1) and closing the switch; inserting a toxic gas detection needle (13) into the first chamber (1);

s2, adjusting the temperature of the high-temperature disc (7) through a temperature controller (10) to ignite the combustible, and simultaneously monitoring and recording the mass change of the combustible in real time through an intelligent balance (9); in the combustion process, the toxic gas detection needle (13) is constantly detected and the toxic and harmful gas components and concentration changes are recorded;

s3, after the combustion is finished, adjusting the temperature of the high-temperature disc (7) to zero through the temperature controller (10), opening the lower hole (4), lowering the high-temperature disc (7) to the outside of the first chamber (1), and closing an upper switch of the lower hole (4);

s4, enabling the liquid injection pipeline (3) to enter the first cavity (1) and start to inject liquid, enabling particles generated by combustion of the inner wall of the first cavity (1) to be mixed with liquid to form suspension, taking out the liquid injection pipeline (3) after liquid injection is completed, and closing a switch of the upper hole (5);

s5, turning on the magnetic stirring rod (2) to rotate so as to promote uniform mixing of the suspension containing the particulate matters in the first chamber (1), and then turning off the magnetic stirring rod (2) to start calculating the concentration of each particle size of the particulate matters in the whole suspension, namely the concentration of each particle size of the particulate matters generated by combustion of combustible materials.

S6, adjusting the temperature of the high-temperature disc (7), adjusting the concentration of oxygen in the second chamber (6), and repeating the steps S1-S5 to continuously detect the release amount of combustible combustion particles and toxic and harmful gases at different combustion temperatures and different oxygen concentrations.

7. The method for detecting zero loss of combustion particulates and harmful gases as claimed in claim 6, wherein in step S5, the method for calculating the concentration of each particle size of the particulates in the whole suspension comprises: removing the volume L from the suspension with the total volume L₁The volume of the partial suspension is calculated as L by a light scattering method₁The concentration of the particles in the suspension is multiplied by a factor L/L_1，Obtaining the concentration of each particle size of the particulate matters in the whole suspension: the calculation formula is as follows:wherein L is the volume of the total suspension; l is₁Is the volume of the sample suspension; c. C_iThe concentration of the particles with different particle sizes in the whole suspension is shown; c. C_i1Is L₁And increasing the concentration of the particles with different particle sizes in the suspension.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of harmful gas detection, in particular to a zero loss detection system and method for combustion particles and harmful gas.

Background

Particulate matter and toxic and harmful gases produced by the combustion of combustible substances are one of the main pollutants in the atmosphere, wherein inhalable particulate matter is the first pollutant in most parts of the country at present. China is a country with an energy structure mainly based on coal, and the power generation of coal-fired units is always dominant in China.

In order to better prevent and treat the particles and toxic and harmful gases generated by combustion, accurate detection of the generated particles and toxic and harmful gases becomes more important. The existing combustion flue gas detection system is provided with a direct sampling detection system and a dilution channel sampling detection system. The direct sampling detection system is characterized in that a smoke dust sampling pipe is inserted into a flue through a sampling hole according to the constant-speed sampling principle, certain gas in smoke dust is extracted, then particulate matters in the smoke gas are collected on a filter cylinder of the sampling pipe, and the concentration of the particulate matters in the discharged smoke gas is calculated according to the relation between the extracted gas quantity and the particulate matters. The dilution channel sampling detection system is used for fully mixing high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion with clean air in a dilution channel for dilution, cooling to atmospheric environment temperature, enabling the diluted and cooled mixed gas to enter a residence chamber, and collecting particulate matters after residence for a period of time according to a certain granularity by a sampler so as to calculate the concentration of the particulate matters. Because the direct sampling detection system and the dilution channel sampling detection system are attached to the inner walls of the combustion chamber and the system pipeline by part of combustion particles, errors are difficult to avoid, and the concentration of the combustion particles can only be calculated approximately. In addition, the current detection system is used for detecting particles and toxic and harmful gases independently, and the process is complicated.

Therefore, in view of the above problems, there is a need for a zero loss detection system for detecting the generation of particles and toxic and harmful gases generated by the combustion of combustible materials. The device can be used for detecting zero loss of particles and toxic and harmful gases generated by combustion of combustible substances, and further providing scientific guidance for protection of the particles and the toxic and harmful gases in the atmosphere.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above technical deficiencies, the present invention provides a system and a method for detecting zero loss of combustion particles and harmful gases, which can accurately detect the concentrations of the particles and toxic and harmful gases generated by combustion with zero loss.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a zero loss detection system for combustion particles and harmful gases, which comprises a particle detection system and a gas detection system; the particle detection system comprises a first chamber arranged in a second chamber, a liquid injection pipeline and a toxic gas detection needle, wherein the liquid injection pipeline and the toxic gas detection needle can penetrate into the first chamber and the second chamber; a controllable temperature rise and drop platform corresponding to the lower hole is arranged below the lower hole, a high-temperature disc of the controllable temperature rise and drop platform is arranged on an intelligent balance, and the intelligent balance is fixed on a bottom plate of the second chamber; the gas detection system comprises a second chamber, a gas analyzer electrically connected with the toxic gas detection needle and a plurality of gas sensors; the gas sensor is arranged at the upper end of the second chamber and is communicated with the inner cavity of the second chamber.

Preferably, the temperature-controllable lifting platform comprises a high-temperature disc and a temperature controller electrically connected with the high-temperature disc, and the high-temperature disc is fixed on the intelligent balance through a lifting rod.

Preferably, the first chamber is made of a breathable waterproof material, toxic and harmful gas generated by combustion in the first chamber can be diffused to the second chamber, and particulate matters generated by combustion are attached to the inner wall of the first chamber.

Preferably, the first chamber is arranged in the center of the second chamber, and the gas sensors are uniformly distributed at four corners of the second chamber.

Preferably, open respectively on the roof of first cavity and second cavity and supply to annotate the last hole that liquid pipeline passed, open respectively on one of them curb plate of first cavity and second cavity and supply the side hole that the poison gas probe passed, all be equipped with closed switch on last hole, side hole and the lower hole, the leakproofness is good.

The invention also provides a zero loss detection method for combustion particles and harmful gases, which specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, placing combustible materials on the high-temperature disc, opening the switch on the lower hole to lift the high-temperature disc into the first cavity and closing the switch; inserting a toxic gas detection needle into the first chamber;

s2, adjusting the temperature of the high-temperature disc through a temperature controller to ignite the combustible, and simultaneously monitoring and recording the mass change of the combustible in real time through the intelligent balance; detecting the toxic gas detection needle constantly and recording the components and concentration changes of toxic and harmful gases in the combustion process;

s3, adjusting the temperature of the high-temperature disc to zero through a temperature controller after combustion is finished, opening the lower hole, lowering the high-temperature disc to the outside of the first chamber, and closing an upper switch of the lower hole;

s4, enabling the liquid injection pipeline to enter the first cavity and start to inject liquid, enabling particles generated by combustion of the inner wall of the first cavity to be mixed with liquid to form suspension, taking out the liquid injection pipeline after liquid injection is completed, and closing the upper hole switch;

s5, turning on the magnetic stirring rod to rotate so as to promote uniform mixing of the suspension containing the particulate matters in the first chamber, and then turning off the magnetic stirring rod to start calculating the concentration of each particle size of the particulate matters in the whole suspension, namely the concentration of each particle size of the particulate matters generated by combustion of combustible materials.

S6, adjusting the temperature of the high-temperature disc, adjusting the concentration of oxygen in the second chamber, and repeating the steps S1-S5 to continuously detect the release amount of combustible combustion particles and toxic and harmful gases at different combustion temperatures and different oxygen concentrations.

Preferably, in step S5, the method for calculating the concentration of each particle size of the particulate matter in the entire suspension is: removing the volume L from the suspension with the total volume L₁The volume of the partial suspension is calculated as L by a light scattering method₁The concentration of the particles in the suspension is multiplied by a factor L/L_1，Obtaining the concentration of each particle size of the particulate matters in the whole suspension: the calculation formula is as follows:wherein L is the volume of the total suspension; l is₁Is the volume of the sample suspension; c. C_iThe concentration of the particles with different particle sizes in the whole suspension is shown; c. C_i1Is L₁And increasing the concentration of the particles with different particle sizes in the suspension.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the invention adopts the liquid which is not dissolved with the particles to collect the particles generated by combustion and prepare suspension, and uses the light scattering method to detect the concentration of the particles, thereby avoiding the loss of the combustion particles attached to the inner wall of the first chamber and the pipeline and realizing the zero loss detection of the particles and the toxic and harmful gases.

(2) According to the invention, by controlling the temperature of the high-temperature disc and the concentration of oxygen in the closed second cavity, the influence of different combustion temperatures and different oxygen concentrations on the combustion of combustible materials can be realized, and the experimental result is more comprehensive.

(3) The invention uses the intelligent balance to monitor and store the combustible mass change in real time, and further can research the relationship between the combustible mass change and the release of particulate matters and toxic and harmful gases at any moment.

(4) According to the invention, the toxic and harmful gases generated by combustion are monitored from multiple directions by adopting the multiple gas sensors, so that the experimental result is more accurate.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a zero loss detection system for combustion particles and harmful gases according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1-a first chamber; 2-a magnetic stirring rod; 3-a liquid injection pipeline; 4-lower hole; 5-forming holes; 6-a second chamber; 7-high temperature disc; 8-a lifting rod; 9-a smart balance; 10-temperature control instrument; 11-a gas sensor; 13-gas detection probe; 14-a gas analyzer; 15-side hole.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, a zero loss detection system for combustion particulates and harmful gases includes a particulate detection system and a gas detection system; the particle detection system comprises a first chamber 1 arranged in a second chamber 6, a liquid injection pipeline 3 capable of penetrating into the first chamber 1 and the second chamber 6 and a toxic gas detection needle 13, wherein a magnetic stirring rod 2 and a lower hole 4 are arranged on a bottom plate of the first chamber 1; a controllable temperature-rise lifting table corresponding to the lower hole 4 is arranged below the lower hole, a high-temperature disc 7 of the controllable temperature lifting table is arranged on an intelligent balance 9, and the intelligent balance 9 is fixed on a bottom plate of the second chamber 6; the gas detection system comprises a second chamber 6, a gas analyzer 14 electrically connected with a toxic gas detection needle 13 and a plurality of gas sensors 11; the gas sensor 11 is arranged at the upper end of the second chamber 6 and is communicated with the inner cavity of the second chamber.

The temperature-controllable lifting platform comprises a high-temperature disc 7 and a temperature controller 10 electrically connected with the high-temperature disc 7, and the high-temperature disc 7 is fixed on an intelligent balance 9 through a lifting rod 8.

First cavity 1 adopts ventilative waterproof material preparation, and the poisonous and harmful gas that the burning produced in first cavity 1 can diffuse to second cavity 6, and the particulate matter that the burning produced is attached to first cavity 1 inner wall.

The first chamber 1 is arranged at the center of the second chamber 6, and the gas sensors 11 are uniformly distributed at four corners of the second chamber 6.

Open respectively on the roof of first cavity 1 and second cavity 6 and supply to annotate last hole 5 that liquid pipeline 3 passed, open respectively on one of them curb plate of first cavity 1 and second cavity 6 and supply side hole 15 that poison gas probe 13 passed, all be equipped with closed switch on going up hole 5, side hole 15 and the lower hole 4, the leakproofness is good.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a zero loss detection method for combustion particles and harmful gases, which specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, placing combustible materials on the high-temperature disc 7, opening the switch on the lower hole 4 to lift the high-temperature disc 7 into the first chamber 1, and closing the switch; inserting a toxic gas detection needle 13 into the first chamber 1;

s2, adjusting the temperature of the high-temperature disc 7 through the temperature controller 10 to ignite the combustible, and simultaneously monitoring and recording the mass change of the combustible in real time by the intelligent balance 9; detecting the toxic gas detecting needle 13 constantly and recording the components and concentration changes of toxic and harmful gases in the combustion process;

s3, after the combustion is finished, adjusting the temperature of the high-temperature disc 7 to zero through the temperature controller 10, opening the lower hole 4, lowering the high-temperature disc 7 to the outside of the first chamber 1, and closing an upper switch of the lower hole 4;

s4, enabling the liquid injection pipeline 3 to enter the first chamber 1 and start to inject liquid, enabling particles generated by combustion of the inner wall of the first chamber 1 to be mixed with liquid to form suspension, taking out the liquid injection pipeline 3 after liquid injection is completed, and closing a switch of the upper hole 5;

s5, turning on the magnetic stirring rod 2 to rotate to promote uniform mixing of the suspension containing the particulate matters in the first chamber 1, and then turning off the magnetic stirring rod 2 to start calculating the concentration of each particle size of the particulate matters in the whole suspension, i.e. the concentration of each particle size of the particulate matters generated by combustion of the combustible matters.

The method for calculating the concentration of each particle size of the particulate matters in the whole suspension comprises the following steps: removing the volume L from the suspension with the total volume L₁The volume of the partial suspension is calculated as L by a light scattering method₁The concentration of the particles in the suspension is multiplied by a factor L/L_1，Obtaining the concentration of each particle size of the particulate matters in the whole suspension: the calculation formula is as follows:wherein L is the volume of the total suspension; l is₁Is the volume of the sample suspension; c. C_iThe concentration of the particles with different particle sizes in the whole suspension is shown; c. C_i1Is L₁And increasing the concentration of the particles with different particle sizes in the suspension.

S6, adjusting the temperature of the high-temperature disc 7, adjusting the concentration of oxygen in the second chamber 6, and repeating the steps S1-S5 to continuously detect the release amount of combustible combustion particles and toxic and harmful gases at different combustion temperatures and different oxygen concentrations.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.