阅读说明：本技术 一种免胶黏剂生物可降解轻型输送带及其制备方法 (Adhesive-free biodegradable light conveying belt and preparation method thereof ) 是由 范连军 于 2021-07-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种免胶黏剂生物可降解轻型输送带,该输送带由生物可降解塑料涂层和生物可降解纤维编织基布复合而成,生物可降解塑料涂层包括表面涂覆层和中间贴合层；生物可降解纤维编织基布包括底层基布层和中间基布层；该输送带依次包括底层基布层、中间贴合层、中间基布层及表面涂覆层。发明通过采用完全生物可降解的纤维基布和涂覆层材料,无论是输送带加工边角料还是使用完废弃的输送带均可通过堆肥处理完全降解为二氧化碳和水,更好的保护环境,做到绿色可持续发展。针对输送带较厚,降解难度增加的问题,采用分层机分层和粉碎机粉碎的方法进行预处理,可在工业堆肥中加速降解,提高处理能力。(The invention discloses an adhesive-free biodegradable light conveyor belt, which is formed by compounding a biodegradable plastic coating and biodegradable fiber woven base cloth, wherein the biodegradable plastic coating comprises a surface coating layer and a middle laminating layer; the biodegradable fiber woven base cloth comprises a bottom base cloth layer and a middle base cloth layer; the conveying belt sequentially comprises a bottom base cloth layer, a middle laminating layer, a middle base cloth layer and a surface coating layer. By adopting the completely biodegradable fiber base cloth and the coating layer material, the leftover materials of the conveyer belt or the used and abandoned conveyer belt can be completely degraded into carbon dioxide and water through composting treatment, so that the environment is better protected, and the green sustainable development is realized. Aiming at the problems of thicker conveying belt and increased degradation difficulty, the pretreatment is carried out by adopting a layering method of a layering machine and a crushing method of a crusher, so that the degradation can be accelerated in industrial compost, and the processing capacity is improved.)

1. An adhesive-free biodegradable light conveyor belt is characterized in that the conveyor belt is formed by compounding a biodegradable plastic coating and biodegradable fiber woven base cloth, wherein the biodegradable plastic coating comprises a surface coating layer and a middle laminating layer; the biodegradable fiber woven base cloth comprises a bottom base cloth layer and a middle base cloth layer; the conveying belt sequentially comprises a bottom base cloth layer, an intermediate laminating layer, an intermediate base cloth layer and a surface coating layer;

the surface coating layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:

100 parts of biodegradable copolyester, 0-20 parts of biodegradable reinforced modified material, 0-6 parts of compatilizer, 0-10 parts of filler, 0.1-1 part of antistatic agent and 0-1 part of color master batch;

the middle laminating layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:

100 parts of biodegradable copolyester, 0.1-0.5 part of cross-linking agent and 0.1-1 part of antistatic agent.

2. The adhesive-free biodegradable light weight conveyor belt according to claim 1, wherein the biodegradable copolyester is one or two blends of polybutylene adipate/polybutylene terephthalate (PBST); the biodegradable reinforced modified material is one or a mixture of more of PLA, PBS, PCL and PHB; the compatilizer is epoxy copolymer or oxazoline copolymer.

3. The adhesive-free biodegradable light weight conveyor belt according to claim 1, wherein the filler is one or both of thermoplastic starch, talc and light calcium carbonate; the antistatic agent is an ionic antistatic agent; the color master batch is biodegradable; the cross-linking agent is one of epoxy copolymer, oxazoline, polyisocyanate monomer or polymer.

4. The adhesive-free biodegradable light weight conveyor belt according to claim 1, wherein the woven base fabric of biodegradable fibers comprises warp yarns and weft yarns, wherein the warp yarns are formed by twisting short cotton fibers, short hemp fibers, long polylactic acid fibers, long lignin fibers and conductive carbon yarns; the weft yarns are formed by twisting short-fiber cotton fibers, short-fiber fibrilia, long-fiber polylactic acid fibers and long-fiber lignin fibers or by twisting biodegradable copolyester monofilaments and polylactic acid modified biodegradable copolyester monofilaments.

5. The adhesive-free biodegradable light weight conveyor belt according to claim 4, wherein the monofilaments are made of PBAT, PBST and polylactic acid modified biodegradable copolyester through heating extrusion, drafting and heat setting, and the diameter of the monofilaments is 0.2-0.5 mm.

6. The adhesive-free biodegradable light weight conveyor belt according to claim 4, wherein the denier of the warp yarn is 1000D to 3000D, and the denier of the warp yarn is 1000D to 3000D for both the long fibers and the short fibers.

7. The adhesive-free biodegradable light weight conveyor belt according to claim 1, wherein the warp density of the bottom base fabric layer is 9-15/cm, the weft density is 12-18/cm, the warp density of the middle base fabric layer is 6-12/cm, the weft density is 10-14/cm, and the monofilament diameter is 0.25-0.3mm when the weft is monofilament.

8. The adhesive-free biodegradable lightweight conveyor belt according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate bonding layer comprises at least one layer and the intermediate base fabric layer comprises at least one layer.

9. The preparation method of the adhesive-free biodegradable light conveying belt is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

1) and (3) granulation: preparing 100 parts of biodegradable copolyester, 0-20 parts of biodegradable reinforced modified material, 0-6 parts of compatilizer and 0-10 parts of filler, extruding and granulating by using a high-shear double screw, and dehumidifying and drying at 70 ℃ for 8 hours;

2) treating base cloth: carrying out heat setting pretreatment on the bottom base cloth layer and the middle base cloth layer, wherein the heat setting temperature is 100-;

3) and (3) attaching the surface coating layer to the intermediate base fabric layer: preparing the components of the surface coating layer according to the formula amount, adding the prepared components into a single-screw extruder, and extruding a film, wherein the thickness of the film is 0.1-2mm, the temperature of a machine barrel is 165-180 ℃, and the temperature of a machine head is 170-175 ℃; extruding a film to be attached to the middle layer base cloth, and extruding the film by using double rollers to attach the film;

4) laminating of the middle laminating layer: preparing the components of the middle laminating layer according to the formula amount, adding the prepared components into a single-screw extruder, and extruding a film, wherein the thickness of the film is 0.2-1mm, the temperature of a machine barrel is 190 ℃ plus materials, and the temperature of a machine head is 195 ℃ plus materials; extruding a film to be attached to the bottom surface of the middle layer base cloth and the surface of the bottom layer base cloth, and extruding by using double rollers to attach the bottom layer base cloth and the bottom layer base cloth to prepare a conveying belt intermediate product;

5) carrying out heat setting and annealing treatment on the conveyor belt intermediate product prepared in the step 4), wherein the temperature is 100-120 ℃, the drawing force is 500-1000N/m, the speed is 5-8m/min, and the conveyor belt with the thickness range of 0.9-3mm is prepared by cutting edges, rolling and packaging.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the step 4) comprises a double roller extrusion coating process, wherein the double roller comprises a steel roller and a rubber roller, the steel roller comprises one of a surface pattern roller, a smooth roller and a matte roller, the steel roller is located on the surface coating layer side, and the rubber roller comprises a matte roller located on the base fabric side.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of conveying belts, and particularly relates to an adhesive-free biodegradable light conveying belt and a preparation method thereof.

Background

A large amount of leftover materials can be generated in the processing production of the light conveying belt, and the number of the used and abandoned conveying belts is very large, and the conveying belts are mostly formed by compounding a plurality of layers of steel wires or fiber base cloth, adhesives, plastic resin or rubber. The recycling degree is very low, most of the materials are mainly buried and burned, and the environment is seriously damaged. With the continuous promotion of high-speed streamlined production lines, the usage amount of conveyor belts is also increasing year by year, especially for light conveyor belts, but a large amount of conveyor belt plastic waste generated is difficult to degrade, and the complete degradation of plastics such as polyethylene requires 200 and 400 years, so that white pollution becomes a worldwide source damaging the current natural environment, and runs counter to the concept of sustainable development. Today, many countries have regulations that restrict or disable non-degradable plastics.

In the prior art, in the field of processing of conveying belts, light conveying belts are usually prepared by compounding plastic polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride and elastomer polyurethane materials and using terylene, aramid fiber and polyamide fiber base cloth, the materials are all materials which are difficult to biodegrade, in addition, because the conveying belts are corroded, worn and damaged by conveying substances and are adhered with various impurities in the conveying process, the recovery treatment is difficult, the waste conveying belts are mostly treated by burning, and the treatment mode causes great pollution and damage to the environment.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an adhesive-free biodegradable light conveying belt and a preparation method thereof.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the adhesive-free biodegradable light conveyor belt is characterized by being formed by compounding a biodegradable plastic coating and biodegradable fiber woven base cloth, wherein the biodegradable plastic coating comprises a surface coating layer and a middle laminating layer; the biodegradable fiber woven base cloth comprises a bottom base cloth layer and a middle base cloth layer; the conveying belt sequentially comprises a bottom base cloth layer, an intermediate laminating layer, an intermediate base cloth layer and a surface coating layer;

the surface coating layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:

100 parts of biodegradable copolyester, 0-20 parts of biodegradable reinforced modified material, 0-6 parts of compatilizer, 0-10 parts of filler, 0.1-1 part of antistatic agent and 0-1 part of color master batch;

the middle laminating layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:

100 parts of biodegradable copolyester, 0.1-0.5 part of cross-linking agent and 0.1-1 part of antistatic agent.

Further, the biodegradable copolyester is one or two blends of polybutylene adipate/polybutylene terephthalate and PBST; the biodegradable reinforced modified material is one or a mixture of more of PLA, PBS, PCL and PHB; the compatilizer is epoxy copolymer or oxazoline copolymer.

Further, the filler is one or two of thermoplastic starch, talcum powder and light calcium carbonate; the antistatic agent is an ionic antistatic agent; the color master batch is biodegradable; the cross-linking agent is one of epoxy copolymer, oxazoline, polyisocyanate monomer or polymer.

Further, the biodegradable fiber woven base fabric comprises warp yarns and weft yarns, wherein the warp yarns are formed by twisting short fiber cotton fibers, short fiber hemp fibers, long fiber polylactic acid fibers, long fiber lignin fibers and conductive carbon yarns; the weft yarns are formed by twisting short-fiber cotton fibers, short-fiber fibrilia, long-fiber polylactic acid fibers and long-fiber lignin fibers or by twisting biodegradable copolyester monofilaments and polylactic acid modified biodegradable copolyester monofilaments.

Furthermore, the monofilament is prepared by heating, extruding, drafting and heat setting PBAT, PBST and polylactic acid modified biodegradable copolyester, and the diameter of the monofilament is 0.2-0.5 mm.

Further, the denier of the warp yarn is 1000D-3000D, and the denier of the long fiber and the short fiber of the warp yarn is 1000D-3000D.

Furthermore, the warp density of the bottom base cloth layer is 9-15 pieces/cm, the weft density is 12-18 pieces/cm, the warp density of the middle base cloth layer is 6-12 pieces/cm, the weft density is 10-14 pieces/cm, and when the weft is a monofilament, the diameter of the monofilament is 0.25-0.3 mm.

Furthermore, the middle laminating layer is at least provided with one layer, and the middle base cloth layer is at least provided with one layer.

The preparation method of the adhesive-free biodegradable light conveyor belt is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

1) and (3) granulation: preparing 100 parts of biodegradable copolyester, 0-20 parts of biodegradable reinforced modified material, 0-6 parts of compatilizer and 0-10 parts of filler, extruding and granulating by using a high-shear double screw, and dehumidifying and drying at 70 ℃ for 8 hours;

2) treating base cloth: carrying out heat setting pretreatment on the bottom base cloth layer and the middle base cloth layer, wherein the heat setting temperature is 100-;

3) and (3) attaching the surface coating layer to the intermediate base fabric layer: preparing the components of the surface coating layer according to the formula amount, adding the prepared components into a single-screw extruder, and extruding a film, wherein the thickness of the film is 0.1-2mm, the temperature of a machine barrel is 165-180 ℃, and the temperature of a machine head is 170-175 ℃; extruding a film to be attached to the middle layer base cloth, and extruding the film by using double rollers to attach the film;

4) laminating of the middle laminating layer: preparing the components of the middle laminating layer according to the formula amount, adding the prepared components into a single-screw extruder, and extruding a film, wherein the thickness of the film is 0.2-1mm, the temperature of a machine barrel is 190 ℃ plus materials, and the temperature of a machine head is 195 ℃ plus materials; extruding a film to be attached to the bottom surface of the middle layer base cloth and the surface of the bottom layer base cloth, and extruding by using double rollers to attach the bottom layer base cloth and the bottom layer base cloth to prepare a conveying belt intermediate product;

5) carrying out heat setting and annealing treatment on the conveyor belt intermediate product prepared in the step 4), wherein the temperature is 100-120 ℃, the drawing force is 500-1000N/m, the speed is 5-8m/min, and the conveyor belt with the thickness range of 0.9-3mm is prepared by cutting edges, rolling and packaging. The prepared single-layer conveying belt is prepared, the preparation method of the multi-layer conveying belt is carried out according to the method, and the operation of the step 4) is repeated, so that the multi-layer conveying belt can be prepared, and the total thickness range of the multi-layer conveying belt is more than or equal to 0.9 mm.

Further, the two rollers in the step 4) are extruded and attached, the two rollers are a steel roller and a rubber roller, the steel roller is one of a surface pattern roller, a smooth roller and a matte roller, the steel roller is positioned on one side of the surface coating layer, and the rubber roller is a matte roller and is positioned on one side of the bottom base cloth.

By adopting the completely biodegradable fiber base cloth and the coating layer material, the leftover materials of the conveyer belt or the used and abandoned conveyer belt can be completely degraded into carbon dioxide and water through composting treatment, so that the environment is better protected, and the green sustainable development is realized. Aiming at the problems of thicker conveying belt and increased degradation difficulty, the pretreatment is carried out by adopting a layering method of a layering machine and a crushing method of a crusher, so that the degradation can be accelerated in industrial compost, and the processing capacity is improved.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples to better understand the technical solution.

Example 1

The adhesive-free biodegradable light conveyer belt is formed by compounding biodegradable plastic coating and biodegradable fiber woven base cloth in a multilayer mode, and the adhesive coating is not arranged between the coating and the base cloth.

The biodegradable plastic coating of the embodiment is divided into a surface coating layer and an intermediate laminating layer.

The surface coating layer of the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of biodegradable copolyester, 0.1 part of antistatic agent and 1 part of color master batch.

The intermediate laminating layer of the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of biodegradable copolyester, 0.1 part of cross-linking agent and 0.1 part of antistatic agent.

The biodegradable fiber woven base fabric of the present embodiment includes warp yarns and weft yarns: the warp is made by twisting short fiber cotton fiber and conductive carbon yarn; the weft yarns are made of short-fiber cotton fibers by twisting

The biodegradable copolyester of this example was poly (butylene adipate/butylene terephthalate) (PBAT); the filler is thermoplastic starch; the antistatic agent is an ionic antistatic agent; the color master batch is biodegradable; the cross-linking agent is an epoxy copolymer.

The denier of the warp yarn in this example is 1000D, and the denier of the warp yarn is 1000D for both long and short fibers. When the biodegradable fiber woven base fabric of the embodiment is used as a bottom base fabric, the warp density is 15 pieces/cm, and the weft density is 18 pieces/cm. The number of the middle laminating layers is one, two or more, and the number of the middle base fabric layers is one, two or more.

The preparation method of the adhesive-free biodegradable light conveyor belt comprises the following steps:

1) preparing 100 parts of biodegradable copolyester, extruding and granulating by using a high-shear double screw, and dehumidifying and drying at 70 ℃ for 8 hours;

2) carrying out heat setting pretreatment on the bottom layer and the middle layer fiber base cloth, wherein the heat setting temperature is 110 ℃, the drawing force is 500N/m, the heat setting speed is 8m/min, and the base cloth is polished at the base cloth rolling position;

3) preparing the components of the surface coating layer according to the formula ratio by mass, adding the prepared components into a single-screw extruder, and extruding a film, wherein the thickness of the film is 2mm, the temperature of a machine barrel is 180 ℃, and the temperature of a machine head is 175 ℃; extruding a film to be attached to the middle layer base cloth, and extruding the film by using double rollers to attach the film;

4) preparing the components of the middle coating layer according to the formula ratio by mass, adding the prepared components into a single-screw extruder, and extruding a film, wherein the thickness of the film is 1mm, the temperature of a machine barrel is 190 ℃, and the temperature of a machine head is 195 ℃; extruding a film to be attached to the bottom surface of the middle layer base cloth and the surface of the bottom layer base cloth, and extruding by using double rollers to attach the bottom layer base cloth and the bottom layer base cloth to prepare a conveying belt intermediate product;

5) and (3) carrying out heat setting and annealing treatment on the intermediate product of the conveying belt at the temperature of 120 ℃, the drawing force of 1000N/m and the speed of 8m/min, cutting edges, rolling and packaging.

And 4) extruding and fitting the two rollers in the step 4), wherein the two rollers are a steel roller and a rubber roller, the steel roller is a surface pattern roller, the steel roller is positioned on one side of the coating layer, and the rubber roller is a matte roller and is positioned on one side of the base cloth.

Example 2

The adhesive-free biodegradable light conveyer belt is formed by compounding biodegradable plastic coating and biodegradable fiber woven base cloth in a multilayer mode, and the adhesive coating is not arranged between the coating and the base cloth.

The biodegradable plastic coating of the embodiment is divided into a surface coating layer and an intermediate laminating layer.

The surface coating layer of the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by mass:

100 parts of biodegradable copolyester, 20 parts of biodegradable reinforced modified material, 5 parts of compatilizer, 10 parts of filler, 0.1 part of antistatic agent and 1 part of color master batch.

The intermediate laminating layer of the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of biodegradable copolyester, 0.1 part of cross-linking agent and 0.1 part of antistatic agent.

The biodegradable fiber woven base fabric comprises warp yarns and weft yarns, wherein the warp yarns are formed by twisting short fiber cotton fibers and conductive carbon yarns; the weft yarn is made by twisting short-fiber cotton fiber.

The biodegradable copolyester of this example was poly (butylene adipate/butylene terephthalate) (PBAT); the filler is thermoplastic starch; the antistatic agent is an ionic antistatic agent; the color master batch is biodegradable; the cross-linking agent is an epoxy copolymer.

The denier of the warp yarn of this example is 2000D, the denier of the warp yarn of the long fiber and the denier of the short fiber of the warp yarn of this example is 1000D, and the density of the warp yarn of the woven base fabric of biodegradable fiber of this example is 15/cm and the density of the weft yarn of the woven base fabric of biodegradable fiber is 18/cm when the woven base fabric is used as a base layer base fabric. The number of the middle laminating layers is one, two or more, and the number of the middle base fabric layers is one, two or more.

The preparation method of the adhesive-free biodegradable light conveyor belt comprises the following steps:

1) preparing 100 parts of biodegradable copolyester, 20 parts of biodegradable reinforced modified material, 5 parts of compatilizer and 10 parts of filler, extruding and granulating by using a high-shear double screw, and dehumidifying and drying at 70 ℃ for 8 hours;

2) carrying out heat setting pretreatment on the bottom layer and the middle layer fiber base cloth, wherein the heat setting temperature is 120 ℃, the drawing force is 500N/m, the heat setting speed is 8m/min, and the base cloth is polished at the base cloth rolling position;

3) preparing the components of the surface coating layer according to the formula amount, adding the prepared components into a single-screw extruder, and extruding a film, wherein the thickness of the film is 2mm, the temperature of a machine barrel is 180 ℃, and the temperature of a machine head is 175 ℃; extruding a film to be attached to the middle layer base cloth, and extruding the film by using double rollers to attach the film;

4) preparing the components of the middle coating layer according to the formula amount, adding the prepared components into a single-screw extruder, and extruding a film, wherein the thickness of the film is 1mm, the temperature of a machine barrel is 190 ℃, and the temperature of a machine head is 195 ℃; extruding a film to be attached to the bottom surface of the middle layer base cloth and the surface of the bottom layer base cloth, and extruding by using double rollers to attach the bottom layer base cloth and the bottom layer base cloth to prepare a conveying belt intermediate product;

5) carrying out heat setting and annealing treatment on the intermediate product of the conveying belt obtained in the step 4), wherein the temperature is 120 ℃, the drafting force is 1000N/m, the speed is 8m/min, and cutting edges, rolling and packaging.

And 4) extruding and fitting the two rollers in the step 4), wherein the two rollers are a steel roller and a rubber roller, the steel roller is a surface pattern roller, the steel roller is positioned on one side of the coating layer, and the rubber roller is a matte roller and is positioned on one side of the base cloth.

The results of the performance tests on the products obtained in the above examples 1 and 2 are shown in Table 1.

Table 1: performance testing

Performance testing	Example 1	Example 2
			1% tensile Strength (N/mm)	12.5	22.7
Peel strength (N/mm)	4.1	4.5
			Tear Strength (N/mm)	113	178
3% recovery from stretching	99%	99%