阅读说明：本技术 一种工厂定制的锚索及其施工方法 (Factory-customized anchor cable and construction method thereof ) 是由 周建明 于 2021-09-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明揭示了一种工厂定制的锚索及其施工方法,其锚索按设计方案图纸的长度截取定制,且锚索尾部的套管、钢绞线表面设有至少反映长度规格的成型码。基于锚索常规的施工过程完成钻孔后,选择长度规格对应钻孔深度的锚索,将锚索头部自孔的敞口插入其中直达孔底,锚索尾部的成型码外露于敞口,经注浆、等待固化、张拉完成锚索安装,并通过尾部的成型码核检埋设深度。应用本发明锚索及其施工方法,通过工厂计算机编程定制成型码,赋予了每根锚索成品准确而易读的长度标识,得以杜绝现场任何方式的造假性标记手段；有利于对完成固化成型的锚索开展核检工作及补张拉作业,也为设计人员了解真实用料、优化设计提供可能。(The invention discloses a factory-customized anchor cable and a construction method thereof. After drilling is completed based on the conventional construction process of the anchor cable, the anchor cable with the length specification corresponding to the drilling depth is selected, the head of the anchor cable is inserted into the opening of the hole and directly reaches the bottom of the hole, the forming code at the tail of the anchor cable is exposed out of the opening, the anchor cable is installed after grouting, curing and tensioning are performed, and the embedding depth is checked through the forming code at the tail. By applying the anchor cable and the construction method thereof, the finished product of each anchor cable is endowed with accurate and readable length identification through the factory computer programming and customizing molding codes, so that any on-site fake marking means can be avoided; the anchor cable fixing device is beneficial to carrying out nuclear detection work and supplementary tensioning work on the anchor cable which is solidified and formed, and provides possibility for designers to know real materials and optimize design.)

1. The utility model provides an anchor rope of mill customization, is the sleeve pipe of the optional setting in steel strand wires and surface, and the one end of anchor head is the head in establishing the dress and connecing, and another free end is the afterbody, its characterized in that: the anchor cable is cut and customized according to the length of a design scheme drawing, the surfaces of a sleeve and a steel strand at the tail part of the anchor cable are provided with forming codes at least reflecting the length specification, and the forming codes are programmed and customized on a production line of the anchor cable and recorded in a background, or the forming codes are set on a construction site and recorded on the site.

2. The factory-customized cable bolt of claim 1, wherein: the coding content of the molding code comprises length, thickness, material, applicable objects, processing date, labels and combinations thereof.

3. The factory-customized cable bolt of claim 1, wherein: repeated forming codes are distributed at the tail part of the anchor cable, and each forming code is unfolded along the circumferential direction of the outer wall of the anchor cable.

4. The factory-customized cable bolt of claim 1, wherein: the finished product of the anchor cable is packaged in a distributed binding and fixing winding mode, and the tail portion of the anchor cable naturally extends straight and is exposed out of a forming code arranged on the surface of the sleeve.

5. The factory-customized cable bolt of claim 1, wherein: and customizing according to a design scheme drawing to obtain a batch of finished anchor cable products, wherein the finished anchor cable products comprise grouped finished products with more than two length specifications, and the length specifications reflected by the molding codes of all the anchor cables in each group of finished products are consistent.

6. A construction method for customizing anchor cables in a factory is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, measuring according to a design drawing, paying off and positioning on a construction site, and preparing before embedding the anchor cable;

s2, drilling by using a drilling machine until the hole reaches a preset depth or the drill bit extends into the rock for a certain distance;

s3, selecting an anchor cable with the length specification corresponding to the drilling depth, inserting the head of the anchor cable into the anchor cable from the opening of the hole to reach the bottom of the hole, and exposing the forming code at the tail of the anchor cable out of the opening;

s4, grouting and waiting for curing;

and S5, tensioning the anchor cable, checking the embedding depth of the anchor cable according to the position of the forming code, and cutting or packaging the exposed part of the anchor cable.

7. The method of constructing factory customized anchor lines as claimed in claim 6, wherein: and for the condition that the tensioned and locked anchor cable needs to be subjected to tensioning compensation, distinguishing each unit anchor according to the forming code at the tail part, and adapting the length of each unit anchor to perform graded tensioning compensation.

8. The method of constructing factory customized anchor lines as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the method comprises the steps that more than two batches of finished anchor cables arrive at the site in sequence corresponding to a design scheme drawing, when the length needs to be adjusted according to site construction conditions, the anchor cables with other groups of length specifications in the current batch are called first, and the production and feeding are adjusted in the next batch according to the use conditions of finished products grouped in the previous batch.

9. The method of constructing factory customized anchor lines as claimed in claim 6, wherein: and step S1, the method also comprises the step of carrying out on-site acceptance of the anchor cable according to the design scheme.

10. The method of constructing factory customized anchor lines as claimed in claim 6, wherein: all anchor cables used for a design drawing have information which can be remotely inquired and matched with factory custom program data for collection and reference by a designer.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an anchor cable product for rock-soil anchoring, in particular to an anchor cable capable of checking the length of the anchor cable before and after construction and a construction method thereof, belonging to the technical field of civil engineering materials.

Background

The anchor cable is fixed on the slope surface through the outer end, the other end is anchored in a stable rock mass in the sliding surface, the prestress penetrating through the sliding surface of the side slope is provided with a bonded steel strand, the anti-sliding resistance is directly generated on the sliding surface, the anti-sliding friction resistance is increased, the structural surface is in a compression state, the integrity of the rock mass of the side slope is improved, the mechanical property of the rock mass is fundamentally improved, the displacement of the rock mass is effectively controlled, the rock mass is stable, and the purposes of regulating bedding, landslides, dangerous rocks and dangerous rocks are achieved.

At present, the process for slope protection by using anchor cables is mature. Firstly, designing the length of an anchor cable by a designer according to geological data, specifically achieving the position distribution and the predicted length planning of the anchor cable needing to be reinforced, and the like; and secondly, the constructors carry out construction according to the design and specification requirements. However, in actual construction, the phenomena of work stealing and material reduction, in which the depth of the holes drilled by constructors on site is insufficient for various reasons and the buried length of the installed anchor cable is less than the design requirement (different degrees), often occur, and especially the anchor cable is most prominently cut. Because the anchor cable belongs to hidden engineering, effective means is not available for length rechecking after construction, the actual construction length of the anchor cable is only mastered by a construction party, and a supervision/quality inspection party has no follow-up inspection after the construction, so that engineering accidents such as side slope landslide and the like are easily caused. After an accident occurs, the length of the anchor cable cannot be found out, and under the pressure of multiple engineering accidents, the design party has to increase the safety factor of the length of the anchor cable one by one, then three by three, so that the engineering waste is further increased; constructors judge that the margin of length design is large according to experience, further steal work and reduce materials, and the length is reduced by … …. By doing so, the vicious circle. Therefore, a method for checking the length of the anchor cable before/after construction is needed.

In addition, the pressure dispersion type application based on the anchor cable is increased gradually at present, and the anchor cable applied to the type needs to distinguish the rear part of each unit anchor for graded tension compensation when the tension compensation is carried out, otherwise, the synchronous tension compensation causes uneven stress of each unit anchor, and the short anchor cable is often damaged firstly due to overlarge stress. However, when the anchor cable needs to be tensioned after drilling, grouting and maintenance, each unit anchor needs to be distinguished, and the existing method is painting, wire binding, tag hanging, nicking and the like. But are limited to field protection conditions and cannot effectively and permanently distinguish each unit anchor. Therefore, a reliable technical solution for effectively distinguishing the unit anchors for a long time after construction is required.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a customized anchor cable and a construction method thereof, wherein the actual length of the anchor cable can be checked at any time before and after construction, and the problem of supervision of the construction quality of the anchor cable used for slope protection engineering is solved.

The technical solution of the present invention for achieving the above object is that, a factory-customized anchor cable is a steel strand and a sleeve optionally arranged on the surface thereof, one end of the anchor head in the installation and connection is a head part, and the other free end is a tail part, and the anchor cable is characterized in that: the anchor cable is cut and customized according to the length of a design scheme drawing, the surfaces of a sleeve and a steel strand at the tail part of the anchor cable are provided with forming codes at least reflecting the length specification, and the forming codes are programmed and customized on a production line of the anchor cable and recorded in a background, or the forming codes are set on a construction site and recorded on the site.

The anchor cable is customized in the factory, further, the code printing content of the molding code is programmed and customized in the production line of the anchor cable and recorded in the background, and the code printing content comprises length, thickness, material, applicable objects, processing date, labels and combinations thereof.

According to the factory-customized anchor cable, repeated forming codes are distributed in a section range within five meters of the tail portion of the corresponding anchor cable, and each forming code is circumferentially unfolded along the outer wall of the anchor cable.

According to the factory customized anchor cable, furthermore, the finished product packaging appearance of the anchor cable is distributed, bound and fixed in a winding mode, and the tail portion of the anchor cable naturally extends straight and is exposed out of a forming code arranged on the surface of the sleeve.

The customized anchor cable further comprises a batch of finished anchor cable products customized according to the design scheme drawing, wherein the finished anchor cable products comprise grouped finished products with more than two length specifications, and the length specifications reflected by the molding codes of all anchor cables in each group of finished products are consistent.

The technical solution for achieving the above another object of the present invention is a construction method for customizing an anchor cable in a factory, which is characterized by comprising the steps of:

s1, measuring according to a design drawing, paying off and positioning on a construction site, and preparing before embedding the anchor cable;

s2, drilling by using a drilling machine until the hole reaches a preset depth or the drill bit extends into the rock for a certain distance;

s3, selecting an anchor cable with the length specification corresponding to the drilling depth, inserting the head of the anchor cable into the anchor cable from the opening of the hole to reach the bottom of the hole, and exposing the forming code at the tail of the anchor cable out of the opening;

s4, grouting and waiting for curing;

and S5, tensioning the anchor cable, checking the embedding depth of the anchor cable according to the position of the forming code, and cutting or packaging the exposed part of the anchor cable.

The construction method for the anchor cable customized in the factory further comprises the steps of distinguishing each unit anchor according to the forming code at the tail part and adapting the length of each unit anchor to perform classified tension compensation for the condition that the tensioned and locked anchor cable needs tension compensation.

The construction method for customizing the anchor cables in the factory further comprises the steps that more than two batches of finished anchor cables arrive at the site in sequence corresponding to a design scheme drawing, when the length needs to be adjusted according to site construction conditions, the anchor cables with other groups of length specifications in the current batch are called first, and the production and feeding are adjusted in the later batch according to the service conditions of the finished products grouped in the previous batch.

In the construction method of the customized anchor cable, further, before the step S1, the anchor cable is checked and accepted on site according to a design scheme.

In the construction method for customizing the anchor cable, all the anchor cables corresponding to one design scheme drawing have information which can be remotely inquired and is matched with factory customization program data so as to be collected and referred by a design party.

The anchor cable and the construction method thereof which are fixed and arranged by applying the invention have the prominent substantive characteristics and remarkable progress: the finished product of each anchor cable is given with accurate and readable length specification identification by programming and customizing a molding code through a factory computer, and the cable is different from a marking means in any mode on site, so that the characteristics of damage resistance and incapability of changing are completely avoided the possibility of counterfeiting; the anchor cable is embedded and solidified to be formed, so that accurate and efficient nuclear detection work on the anchor cable by supervision is facilitated, and possibility is provided for designers to know real materials and optimize design in future.

Meanwhile, the identifiability of distinguishing the unit anchors when the anchor cable is subjected to tension supplementing operation is provided, and more accurate graded tension supplementing is facilitated.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the packaging of the cable bolt product of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary detail view of a single anchor line.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the anchor cable product of the present invention after rock construction.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the anchor cable product of the present invention after construction in a general soil body.

The meanings of the reference symbols in the figures are as follows: 1-anchor cable, 11-head, 12-tail, 2-sleeve, 3-steel strand, 4-inner anchor head, 5-forming yard, C-rock, B-open air environment, A-soil slope, A1-side slope.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings for the purpose of understanding and controlling the technical solutions of the present invention, so as to define the protection scope of the present invention more clearly.

Aiming at the defects that the conditions of stealing work and reducing material are difficult to monitor, the construction effect cannot reach the design expectation, the collapse hidden danger is more prominent, the waste of anchor cable products is serious and the like in the market bidding and field construction of the existing anchor cable products, the designer creatively provides the factory customized anchor cable and the construction method thereof, the factory customized anchor cable is widely applicable to various construction scale rock and soil anchoring engineering, is mainly used for enhancing the pulling force of the soil slope or the foundation pit, and prevents serious safety accidents such as transverse displacement of the soil layer or the rock mass, collapse and the like caused by the lateral component force of gravity.

In order to overcome the technical defects of the anchor cable, the invention further optimizes the anchor cable product from the aspect of product manufacturing process on the basis of completely keeping the structure and the functions of the anchor cable product so as to ensure that the anchor cable has the brand new functional characteristic more suitable for monitoring the burying depth. In summary, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the main structure of the anchor cable 1 is a steel strand 3, and in most applications, a sleeve 2 is optionally provided, and one end of the inner anchor head 4 is a head portion 11, and the other free end is a tail portion 12. As a brand new characteristic which is optimally designed and endowed, the anchor cable is cut and customized according to the length specification of a design scheme drawing in the production process, and the surface of the sleeve 2 of the tail part 12 of the anchor cable and/or the steel strand 3 in the sleeve is provided with a forming code 5 at least reflecting the length specification. The forming code 5 can be programmed and customized in a production line of the anchor cable and recorded in a background, or when the product is transported to a construction site, the forming code is set and recorded on the site after the length is checked. While there are many ways currently available for surface coding, such as embossing, jet printing, hot stamping, laser, etc., the following embodiments of the shaped codes of the present invention are preferably laser coded, but are not limited to such.

In the engineering design of geotechnical anchoring, fixed-point planning of anchor cable distributed burying in the field, estimated total anchor cable usage amount and anchor cable burying depth corresponding to each planning point detail are generally available. Although the method has certain predictability, the method has strong guidance for customizing the length of the anchor cable. The customized anchor cable product replaces the construction operation mode that constructors cut and install the inner anchor head randomly on site, and is beneficial to improving the real reliability of the using amount of the anchor cable product. As another key feature, in order to make the customized length specification more readable and less susceptible to tampering and counterfeiting, the form-coding measure facing the sleeve is preferred. On the one hand, the problem that common labels are poor in rainwater resistance and sand storm destructiveness is solved, on the other hand, the molding codes obtained by direct computer programming are more convenient and fast in length customization operability, and the molding codes are also more beneficial for constructors and supervision to read parameters such as length specifications. Particularly, after the anchor cable is solidified and formed, a supervisor or an owner can know the window more accurately about the actual embedding depth of the anchor cable, and the construction condition can be mastered from multiple aspects of macroscopicity and details. The code printing content of the molding code is programmed and customized in a production line of the anchor cable and recorded in a background, and the code printing content (namely the product related parameters) is at least the length, thickness, material, applicable object, processing date or brand of the anchor cable, or can be the combination of one or more of the length and the product related parameters. Therefore, the anchor cable is customized in a factory, and meanwhile, the exclusive identifiable characteristic equivalent to an identity card is given to the product.

Generally, for any one engineering design drawing, the anchor cables required to be used have different length specifications and number requirements which can be grouped. Therefore, the prefabricated anchor cable can be made into batch anchor cable finished products according to a design scheme drawing, wherein the finished products comprise grouped finished products with more than two length specifications. For example, a batch of product may include hundreds of cables of 30 meter length gauge, tens of cables of 50 meter length gauge, tens of cables of 70 meter length gauge, and 100 meter length gauge; in any group of anchor cables with the length specification, the parts of the tail part of the anchor cables, which reflect the length specification, are strictly consistent, and only possible differences exist in the time sequence of the anchor cables which are produced in sequence and objectively.

In addition, because the length of the finished product of the common anchor cable is large, the finished product of the anchor cable is inconvenient for logistics transportation if the finished product of the anchor cable is not packaged, and the space requirement of a production site is high. Therefore, the processing machine platform with the preferable design of the anchor cable comprises three main parts, namely a coding unit, a cutting unit, a guide winding unit and the like which convey materials according to anchor cable flow. Although the code printing unit is arranged at the initial part, the actual operation object is the tail part of the anchor cable which is left after the previous anchor cable is cut and is currently prepared for production, and after the code printing unit is customized into a shape code according to the length specification, the tail part is fed to the material guiding and winding unit to be wound. The tail part is clamped by a pneumatic clamp, then the tail part rotates along with a winding guide block to be wound by turns to reach the required length specification (realized by a meter), production operators or mechanical arms automatically perform distributed binding and fixed winding, then a cutting unit performs cutting, the head part to be cut is integrally installed on the inner anchor head through a subsequent tool, and the part temporarily clamped before becomes the tail part which is naturally straightened and exposed to present a ready-made code when discharging.

As shown in fig. 2, the above-mentioned forming codes are mainly provided at the tail part of the anchor cable, but are not exclusively present in number. In order to keep the anchor cable exposed section cut off or under the condition that the anchor cable needs to be tensioned in a supplementing mode in maintenance operation after the anchor cable is used for years, the content of the forming code can still be read after the sleeve is removed. Therefore, as preferred setting, be equipped with repeated shaping sign indicating number in the distribution of corresponding anchor rope afterbody, every shaping sign indicating number is expanded along anchor rope outer wall circumference, and the interval of two adjacent laser forming along anchor rope length direction is optional and is in 1cm ~3cm, is convenient for the length specification that construction or supervision personnel obtained the anchor rope visually.

Under the necessary application requirements, for example, in some engineering applications, only the bare-wire-shaped bonded steel strand is used, and the monitoring requirement that the length specification is easy to read is also needed, for this reason, the surface of the steel strand 3 may also be provided with the forming codes 5, as can be seen in the partially enlarged schematic view of the upper left part in fig. 2.

The concrete construction method process after the factory customized anchor cable is put into use is used for further understanding how the seemingly simple code printing on the tail part of the anchor cable solves the problem which puzzles supervision personnel, owners and designers for a long time. The construction method inherits most of traditional process measures, but based on the improvement of the anchor cable product, the actual embedding depth of the anchor cable can be quite determined, so that the supervision of all-weather real-time on-site monitoring construction links can not be realized.

The method specifically comprises the following steps: s1, measuring according to a design drawing, paying off and positioning on a construction site, and preparing before embedding the anchor cable; s2, drilling by using a drilling machine until the hole reaches a preset depth or the drill bit extends into the rock for a certain distance; s3, selecting an anchor cable with the length specification corresponding to the drilling depth, inserting the head of the anchor cable into the anchor cable from the opening of the hole to reach the bottom of the hole, and exposing the forming code at the tail of the anchor cable out of the opening; s4, sequentially carrying out normal pressure grouting and high pressure grouting, and waiting for curing cement paste in strength to enable the anchor cable main body and the head part thereof to be completely cured in the hole; and S5, tensioning the anchor cable, checking the embedding depth of the anchor cable according to the position of the forming code, and cutting or packaging the exposed part of the anchor cable only after the embedding depth of all the anchor cables is checked and accepted by supervision and meets the design requirements and qualified results are obtained. As shown in FIG. 3, A is the slope to be solidified, B is the open air environment outside the slope A1, and C is the rock deep in the slope (obtained by deep exploration). The head 11 of the cable bolt is cured in the rock C by the step S4, while the tail 12 is exposed from the borehole opening to the air environment B and visually presented as the form 5. Similarly, in another implementation state shown in fig. 4, there are no more high-strength positioning rocks in the common soil body, but the depths of the drill holes corresponding to the cross-connecting anchor cables are distributed differently, and the hole bottoms are subjected to high-strength positioning of the inner anchor heads through grouting solidification.

Through the simple outline of the construction method, it is not difficult to find that the steps S1, S2 and S4 are completely duplicated to the conventional construction process, and in the steps S3 and S5, unlike the conventional method of using anchor cables with sufficient length to penetrate the inner anchor head to the bottom of the hole and cut the exposed section, the present invention can only select the existing anchor cables with the corresponding length specification according to the actual drilling depth in the step S3 to perform the embedding operation. In an example, if an anchor cable with a burying depth of 30 meters is designed at a current planning point, the actual drilling depth may be only 25 meters in a conventional construction method because constructors are lazy or work and material are reduced for other purposes, and thus the burying depth after inserting the anchor cable is also only 25 meters. The result is known by the construction party, and the supervision has no examination and evidence and can not master the real construction details. The existing detection method has high error rate and poor accuracy, and cannot make accurate judgment. In the construction method, because the forming code of the tail part of the anchor cable exists admittedly, if the drilled hole is still 25 meters, the tail part of the anchor cable with the length specification of 30 meters is exposed for 5 meters, the step S5 prises that the embedding depth of the anchor cable is insufficient during construction and verification, and in addition, once the forming code is maliciously cut, the prison can ask a responsibility for the construction party and provide a remedial measure in time. In addition, it can be understood that in the step S3 of the construction method, the anchor cable with fixed head-tail length corresponding to the design scheme is used for reversely limiting the depth of the drilled hole, so that the possibility of material reduction caused by private work stealing of constructors is eliminated, and the embedded depth of the anchor cable is practically ensured to be consistent with the design scheme.

Under the general condition, because the production efficiency of customizing the anchor cable cannot meet the actual construction scale to a certain extent, more than two batches of finished anchor cables which arrive at the site sequentially are arranged on a design scheme drawing, and constructors bury the anchor cables in batches and stages according to the drawing. When the length is required to be adjusted according to the site construction condition, the anchor cables of other groups with the length specification in the current batch can be called first, and then the production and feeding of the next batch are adjusted according to the service condition of the finished products grouped in the previous batch, so that the flexible requirement of the construction operation is met.

In the construction method, the finished anchor cable is customized in batches by a factory according to a design scheme drawing, so that the digital manufacturing record (or referred to as production parameter information matched with factory customization program data) is recorded in a background database of the factory in the whole process for being referred to at any time. Before the step S1, it is also possible for the constructor to check the anchor cables on site according to the design drawings, i.e. check the length specification groups and the product quantity of each group, and check for missing or missing.

From another design side, the designer usually makes a design for a project with margin in a limited error range, and usually needs to reserve a certain proportion of safety space. And when the phenomena of labor stealing and material reduction of the traditional construction process objectively exist and the quantity is considerable, a designer can obtain wrong conclusions, and the proportion of the safety space is further increased in the engineering design with the same scale in the future. Obviously, this goes against the original intention of scientific design and construction. Therefore, after the construction method of the anchor cable is implemented, the recorded information can also be collected and referred by a design party, so that the design accuracy is improved, and the requirements on cost and energy conservation are met.

On the basis of the foregoing description, in a construction site, a plurality of anchor cables are generally inserted into the same borehole, for example, in the aforementioned pressure dispersion type application, the inner anchor heads of the plurality of anchor cables are inserted and connected into a whole with the bearing plate, and then a perforating operation is performed. For the tensioned and locked anchor cable, the anchor cable needs to be reinforced again after geological and wind erosion changes for decades, and under the condition of tensioning compensation, each unit anchor can be distinguished very conveniently according to the durable and damage-resistant forming code, so that the length of each unit anchor is adapted to carry out graded tensioning compensation, and the condition that part of unit anchors are damaged due to overlarge stress under the condition that the unit anchors are not distinguished is avoided.

In conclusion, the introduction and the detailed embodiment of the factory-customized anchor cable and the construction method thereof can be seen, and the scheme has prominent substantive characteristics and remarkable progress: the finished product of each anchor cable is given with accurate and readable length specification identification by programming and customizing a molding code through a factory computer, and the cable is different from a marking means in any mode on site, so that the characteristics of damage resistance and incapability of changing are completely avoided the possibility of counterfeiting; the anchor cable is embedded and solidified to be formed, so that accurate and efficient nuclear detection work on the anchor cable by supervision is facilitated, and possibility is provided for designers to know real materials and optimize design.

In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments, and any technical solutions formed by equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations are within the scope of the present invention as claimed.