阅读说明：本技术 储热装置 (Heat storage device ) 是由 马建华 于 2021-09-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明为一种储热装置,它包括储热模块,带有热端口和冷端口,通过热交换存储或释放热量；储热循环管路,两端分别与储热模块的热端口和冷端口连接,在储热循环管路上设有第一控制阀门、第一气泵以及太阳能空气加热器；放热循环管路,两端分别与储热模块的热端口和冷端口连接,在储热循环管路上设有第二控制阀门、第二气泵以及热交换装置；所述储热模块包括至少一个储热装置,所述储热装置包括一个储热仓,设置于储热仓内壁面的隔热层以及设置于隔热层内的若干固态储热柱。较之前技术而言,本发明的有益效果为：采用了储热仓并搭配固态硅酸盐进行储热,具有易安装、易运营维护、储、放热快等特点。(The invention relates to a heat storage device, which comprises a heat storage module, a heat storage module and a heat exchange module, wherein the heat storage module is provided with a hot port and a cold port and stores or releases heat through heat exchange; the two ends of the heat storage circulating pipeline are respectively connected with the hot port and the cold port of the heat storage module, and a first control valve, a first air pump and a solar air heater are arranged on the heat storage circulating pipeline; the two ends of the heat release circulating pipeline are respectively connected with the hot port and the cold port of the heat storage module, and a second control valve, a second air pump and a heat exchange device are arranged on the heat storage circulating pipeline; the heat storage module comprises at least one heat storage device, and the heat storage device comprises a heat storage bin, a heat insulation layer arranged on the inner wall surface of the heat storage bin and a plurality of solid-state heat storage columns arranged in the heat insulation layer. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the heat storage bin is matched with solid silicate for heat storage, and the solar energy heat storage device has the characteristics of easiness in installation, operation and maintenance, quickness in heat storage and release and the like.)

1. The heat storage device is characterized in that: it comprises

A heat storage module (7) having a hot port and a cold port, storing or releasing heat by heat exchange;

the two ends of the heat storage circulating pipeline (8) are respectively connected with the hot port and the cold port of the heat storage module (7), and a first control valve (81), a first air pump (82) and a solar air heater (83) are arranged on the heat storage circulating pipeline (8);

a heat release circulating pipeline (9), two ends of which are respectively connected with a heat port and a cold port of the heat storage module (7), wherein a second control valve (91), a second air pump (92) and a heat exchange device (93) are arranged on the heat storage circulating pipeline (8);

the heat storage module (7) comprises at least one heat storage module (7), the heat storage module (7) comprises a heat storage bin (71), a heat insulation layer (72) arranged on the inner wall surface of the heat storage bin (71) and a plurality of solid heat storage columns (73) arranged in the heat insulation layer (72);

a hot port A (74) and a cold port A (75) are arranged on the heat storage module (7), the hot port is positioned at the upper part of the heat storage module (7), and the cold port is positioned at the lower part of the heat storage module (7);

when the number of the heat storage modules (7) is not less than two, the heat storage modules (7) are sequentially arranged, the heat ports and the cold ports of the adjacent heat storage modules (7) are connected with each other, and the heat port A74 of the first heat storage module (7) and the air outlet A of the tail heat storage module (7) are respectively used as the heat port and the cold port of the heat storage module (7).

2. The heat storage device of claim 1, wherein: the cross section of the heat storage column (73) is circular, and the cross sectional areas of the upper end and the lower end of the heat storage column (73) are larger than the cross sectional area of the middle part of the heat storage column (73).

3. The heat storage device of claim 1, wherein: the material of the heat storage column (73) is solid silicate.

4. The heat storage device of claim 1, wherein: the heat exchange device (93) is a steam generator.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of energy storage equipment, in particular to a heat storage device for storing heat by adopting a solid heat storage column.

Background

At present, the mainstream solar power station adopts metal molten salt for heat storage. The working process comprises the following steps: the collected sunlight reflected light is projected onto the outer wall of the metal pipeline of the heat absorber, and the outer wall of the metal pipeline is used as a heat absorbing surface to generate high-temperature heat energy; because the metal has excellent heat conductivity, the high-temperature heat energy generated by the outer wall of the metal pipeline can be quickly transmitted to the inner wall of the metal pipeline; the molten salt is filled in the metal pipeline to serve as a heat exchange medium, the molten salt pump drives the molten salt to flow in the metal pipeline, the high-temperature heat energy of the metal pipeline is converted into the molten salt, the temperature of the molten salt in the pipeline rises while the metal pipeline is cooled, and the molten salt is taken to the heat storage bin by the molten salt pump to be stored or used for thermal power generation. The above process is called heat absorption and heat exchange process of the heat absorber.

The metal molten salt heat absorber has the characteristics of high technical requirement threshold, high manufacturing and production cost and high use and maintenance cost. The characteristics of the metal molten salt heat absorber are not beneficial to the cost reduction of solar photo-thermal power generation and the popularization and development of small-scale photo-thermal application. Therefore, a heat absorber which is easy to produce, operate and maintain needs to be researched and developed to meet the market requirement of solar tower-type light-heat multi-utilization.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: the heat storage device adopts the solid heat storage column for heat storage, and has the characteristics of easy installation, easy operation and maintenance, quick heat storage and release and the like.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a heat storage apparatus comprising

The heat storage module is provided with a hot port and a cold port and stores or releases heat through heat exchange;

the two ends of the heat storage circulating pipeline are respectively connected with the hot port and the cold port of the heat storage module, and a first control valve, a first air pump and a solar air heater are arranged on the heat storage circulating pipeline;

the two ends of the heat release circulating pipeline are respectively connected with the hot port and the cold port of the heat storage module, and a second control valve, a second air pump and a heat exchange device are arranged on the heat storage circulating pipeline;

the heat storage module comprises at least one heat storage device, and the heat storage device comprises a heat storage bin, a heat insulation layer arranged on the inner wall surface of the heat storage bin and a plurality of solid heat storage columns arranged in the heat insulation layer;

the heat storage device is provided with a hot port A and a cold port A, the hot port is positioned at the upper part of the heat storage device, and the cold port is positioned at the lower part of the heat storage device;

when the number of the heat storage devices is not less than two, the heat storage devices are sequentially arranged, the hot ports and the cold ports of the adjacent heat storage devices are connected with each other, and the hot port A of the first heat storage device and the air outlet A of the tail heat storage device are respectively used as the hot port and the cold port of the heat storage module.

Furthermore, the cross section of the heat storage column is circular, and the cross sectional area of the upper end and the lower end of the heat storage column is larger than the cross sectional area of the middle part of the heat storage column.

Further, the material of the heat storage column is solid silicate.

Further, the heat exchange device is a steam generator.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the heat storage bin is matched with solid silicate for heat storage, and the solar energy heat storage device has the characteristics of easiness in installation, operation and maintenance, quickness in heat storage and release and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the heat storage module of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a heat storage bin;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the arrangement of heat storage pillars;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the heat storage column.

Description of reference numerals: 7 heat storage modules, 71 heat storage bins, 72 heat insulation layers, 73 heat storage columns, 731 heads, 732 column bodies, 733 feet, 74 hot end ports A, 75 cold end ports A, 8 heat storage circulation pipelines, 81 first control valves, 82 first air pumps, 83 solar air heaters, 9 heat release circulation pipelines, 91 second control valves, 92 second air pumps and 93 heat exchange devices.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the following description of the drawings:

the heat storage device shown in FIGS. 1-3 comprises

A heat storage module 7 having a hot port and a cold port, storing or releasing heat by heat exchange;

a heat storage circulation pipeline 8, both ends of which are respectively connected with the heat port and the cold port of the heat storage module 7, wherein the heat storage circulation pipeline 8 is provided with a first control valve 81, a first air pump 82 and a solar air heater 83;

a heat release circulation pipeline 9, both ends of which are respectively connected with the heat port and the cold port of the heat storage module 7, and a second control valve 91, a second air pump 92 and a heat exchange device 93 are arranged on the heat storage circulation pipeline 8;

the heat storage module 7 comprises at least one heat storage module 7, and the heat storage module 7 comprises a heat storage bin 71, a heat insulation layer 72 arranged on the inner wall surface of the heat storage bin 71 and a plurality of solid heat storage columns 73 arranged in the heat insulation layer 72;

a hot port A74 and a cold port A75 are arranged on the heat storage module 7, the hot port is positioned at the upper part of the heat storage module 7, and the cold port is positioned at the lower part of the heat storage module 7;

when the number of the heat storage modules 7 is not less than two, the heat storage modules 7 are sequentially arranged, the hot ports and the cold ports of the adjacent heat storage modules 7 are connected with each other, and the hot port A74 of the first heat storage module 7 and the air outlet A of the tail heat storage module 7 are respectively used as the hot port and the cold port of the heat storage module 7.

The heat storage module is mainly made of at least one heat storage bin, the volume capacity of the heat storage bin is determined according to the set heat storage power and the specific heat capacity of the heat storage medium, and the heat storage bin is required to have better sealing performance.

The construction steps of the heat storage bin are as follows: the arched main body shell of the heat storage bin with a set volume and a stable structure is assembled by adopting high-temperature resistant ceramic; after the foundation of the heat storage bin is hardened, laying a high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating material at the bottom of the heat storage bin; vertically discharging heat storage columns with a set height according to the height of the specific position of the heat storage bin; high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating materials are filled between the heat storage columns and the arched main body shell. The heat insulating material adopts high temperature resistant asbestos.

The heat-insulating material is a key facility capable of realizing long-time heat storage, and needs to be covered on the appearance of the following facilities in the heat storage bin: the negative pressure solid heat storage bin comprises a negative pressure solid heat storage bin main body, a hot end port A and a cold end port A.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5: the cross section of the heat storage column is circular, and the cross sectional areas of the upper end and the lower end of the heat storage column are larger than the cross sectional area of the middle part of the heat storage column. The heat storage column is used as a heat storage medium to fill the whole heat storage bin. The heat storage column is divided into a head part, a foot part and a column body, the diameters of the head part and the foot part are equal, and the diameter of the column body is slightly smaller than the diameters of the head part and the foot part. The vertical heat storage post that discharges during the installation requires that every heat storage post all be tangent in the foot with the head of 6 adjacent heat storage posts, prevents that the heat storage post from freely swinging. Gaps with preset width between the column bodies of the adjacent heat storage columns form air passing openings. The air inlet is not too wide, so that heat exchange air as a heat transfer medium can fully flow through the surface of each heat storage column. The heat storage column is made of silicate with stable chemical property, and the structure is required to be stable when the column is in an environment of 800 ℃ for a long time. The larger the ratio of the volume to the surface area of the heat storage column, the longer it will take for the heat storage column to completely release heat energy.

In the practical use process, the heat storage module is mainly formed by connecting a hot end port A and a cold end port A of a plurality of heat storage bins in series. The interior of each heat storage bin adopts a heat storage column formed by solid silicate with stable chemical properties as a heat storage medium, and adopts air without oxygen as a heat exchange and heat transfer medium.

At present, the cost of the solid silicate is 1600 yuan/ton, and the mainstream solid silicate at present mainly refers to high-temperature cement or high-temperature ceramic; at present, the mainstream molten salt mineral salt is liquid potassium nitrate, and the cost is 3000 yuan/ton. Compared with the high-temperature and high-pressure working condition of liquid mineral salt, the solid silicate belongs to the working conditions of high temperature and low pressure, and has great advantages in safety and maintenance cost. The mainstream heat exchange medium uses liquid molten salt, which belongs to the high-temperature high-pressure safety standard and has high cost in the aspect of safety. Air without oxygen removal is used as a heat exchange medium, and the heat exchange medium belongs to high-temperature low-pressure safety standards and has outstanding advantages in cost and safety.

The air with the highest temperature and the lowest density is gathered at the top of the heat storage bin under the action of the convection effect of the circulating air in the heat storage bin. The hot air communication port is arranged at the top of the heat storage bin or at a position close to the top, so that the hot air communication port is guaranteed to preferentially obtain the air with the highest temperature in the heat storage bin. One heat storage bin can be provided with a plurality of hot end ports A.

The air with the lowest temperature and the highest density is gathered at the bottom of the heat storage bin under the action of the convection effect of the circulating air in the heat storage bin. The cold air communication port is arranged at the bottom of the heat storage bin or at a position close to the bottom, so that the cold air communication port is guaranteed to preferentially obtain the air with the lowest temperature in the heat storage bin. One heat storage bin may be provided with a plurality of the cold ports a.

And two ends of the heat storage circulating pipeline are respectively connected with the heat port and the cold port of the heat storage module, and a first control valve, a first air pump and a solar air heater are arranged on the heat storage circulating pipeline.

And the two ends of the heat release circulating pipeline are respectively connected with the heat port and the cold port of the heat storage module, and a second control valve, a second air pump and a heat exchange device are arranged on the heat storage circulating pipeline.

The first control valve and the second control valve belong to air flow control valves and are made of high-temperature-resistant ceramic materials.

In the practical application process, when the solar air heater arranged on the heat storage circulating pipeline starts to receive the projection of sunlight to perform a heat absorption working process, the corresponding first control valve needs to be opened, and if the heat absorption working process is stopped, the corresponding first control valve needs to be closed. Similarly, when the heat storage bin performs or stops the heat release work flow, the corresponding air flow control valve is required to be opened or closed.

The specific working process is as follows: when the solar air heater works, the first air pump is started, the first control valve is completely opened (the heat release circulation pipeline is in a state of not participating in circulation in the process), the heat storage circulation pipeline gas starts to circulate, air is pumped out from the cold end port in the heat storage device, and after the air is heated by the solar air heater, the air is sent into the heat storage device from the hot end port again to store heat. When the heat exchange device works, the second air pump is started, the second control valve is completely opened (the heat storage circulation pipeline is in a state of not participating in circulation in the process), the gas in the heat release circulation pipeline starts to circulate, the air is pumped out from the hot end port in the heat storage device, and after the heat exchange device takes away the heat energy in the air, the air is sent into the heat storage device from the cold end port again to absorb the heat.

The second air pump conveys cooling air to a cooling air injection port in the heat storage bin to be sprayed out, the cooling air is heated into high-temperature hot air in the heat absorption cavity (heat absorption process), and the hot air is convectively converged to the highest level position of the heat absorber and finally sucked into the heat storage bin group. The hot air releases heat to the heat storage medium in the heat storage bin group (heat release process), and the temperature of the heat storage medium is raised while the hot air is cooled to become cooling air with lower temperature. The cooling air is pumped into the heat storage circulation pipeline and then is subjected to the next heat absorption circulation. Thereby achieving the target function of the heat absorber.

The heat storage circulation pipeline 8 and the heat release circulation pipeline 9 have good isolation and sealing performance and are wrapped by heat insulation materials. The maximum allowable working temperature of the heat storage circulating pipeline 8 is 1000 ℃, and the pipeline is wrapped by asbestos which can resist the temperature of 1300 ℃ and serves as a heat insulation layer.

The heat storage capacity and the output temperature of the heat storage module are main indicators. If the capacity of the heat storage bin designed by the user is 1MW 10H, the heat storage needs 5 hours to complete heat storage if the heat absorption power is 2.2MW when the heat absorption working process is carried out; when the heat release working process is carried out, if the heat release power is 1MW, the heat can be continuously output for 10 hours.

The heat storage module 7 can be formed by connecting a plurality of heat storage bins in series, wherein the cold end of the previous stage heat storage bin is communicated with the hot end of the next stage heat storage bin, so that the lowest temperature of the previous stage heat storage bin is greater than or equal to the highest temperature of the next stage heat storage bin. The heat storage module is beneficial to expanding the heat storage capacity of the heat storage bin and improving the output temperature of the heat storage module in practical application, namely improving the quality of output heat energy.

The single heat storage bin adopts solid silicate with stable chemical property as a heat storage medium and adopts air without oxygen removal as a heat exchange and heat transfer medium.

Preferably: pressure sensors, temperature sensors and a control system are additionally arranged on the heat storage module 7, the heat storage circulation pipeline 8 and the heat release circulation pipeline 9, so that each parameter is monitored in real time, and the safe and stable work of the heat absorber is ensured.

According to the calculation, the heat storage capacity of the heat storage module 7 is as follows: 30MW 10 hours. Is composed of 3 heat storage chambers connected in series. The volume of the single negative pressure solid heat storage bin is 2000 cubic meters. Solid silicate with stable chemical property is adopted as a heat storage medium.

The maximum allowable temperature of a single heat storage bin is 400 ℃, the heat storage bin is assembled into an arched heat storage bin with a stable structure by adopting high-temperature resistant ceramic fit, and the effective size of an inner cavity is as follows: the length is 25 meters, the length is 16 meters, and the average height is 5 meters.

The heat storage column is made of solid silicate with stable chemical property; the head and the foot of the heat storage column have outer diameters of 0.5 m; the column body of the heat storage column has an outer diameter of 0.495 m; the width of the formed air passing opening is 1 cm. The height of the heat storage column is provided with various specifications, and the heat storage column is vertically arranged at different positions of the heat storage bin.

While the invention has been illustrated and described with respect to specific embodiments and alternatives thereof, it will be understood that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is understood, therefore, that the invention is not to be in any way limited except by the appended claims and their equivalents.