阅读说明：本技术 一种高耐环保型表面活性剂及其制备方法 (High-resistance environment-friendly surfactant and preparation method thereof ) 是由 张加军 于 2021-06-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种高耐环保型表面活性剂及其制备方法,按质量份数计,包括20-30份溶剂、25-35份油脂、25-35份氨基酸供体、10-20份保湿剂以及5-10份天然防腐剂；其中,所述天然防腐剂为蜂胶多酚类化合物、银杏叶提取物、壳聚糖、天然抗菌素中的一种或多种。本发明涉及一种高耐环保型表面活性剂,该表面活性剂中添加有保湿剂,保湿剂为吡咯烷酮羧酸、丙三醇、乳酸钠中的一种或多种,上述保湿剂相比于现有的十二烷基硫酸钠等保湿剂具有对人体损伤小、对环境污染小等特点,且结合本表面活性剂的合成制作方法,保湿剂的有效成分最大限度的被保留并不会被破坏。(The invention provides a high-tolerance environment-friendly surfactant and a preparation method thereof, and the surfactant comprises, by mass, 20-30 parts of a solvent, 25-35 parts of grease, 25-35 parts of an amino acid donor, 10-20 parts of a humectant and 5-10 parts of a natural preservative; wherein the natural antiseptic is one or more of propolis polyphenol compounds, folium Ginkgo extract, chitosan, and natural antibiotics. The invention relates to a high-tolerance environment-friendly surfactant, wherein a humectant is added into the surfactant, the humectant is one or more of pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, glycerol and sodium lactate, and compared with the existing humectants such as sodium dodecyl sulfate and the like, the humectant has the characteristics of small damage to a human body, small environmental pollution and the like, and in combination with a synthesis and preparation method of the surfactant, the effective components of the humectant are reserved to the maximum extent and cannot be damaged.)

1. The high-resistance environment-friendly surfactant is characterized in that: the preservative comprises, by mass, 20-30 parts of a solvent, 25-35 parts of grease, 25-35 parts of an amino acid donor, 10-20 parts of a humectant and 5-10 parts of a natural preservative; wherein the natural antiseptic is one or more of propolis polyphenol compounds, folium Ginkgo extract, chitosan, and natural antibiotics.

2. The high-environment-friendly surfactant as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the solvent is one or more of water, propylene glycol, ethanol, butanediol and propylene glycol.

3. The high-environment-friendly surfactant as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the oil is one or more of coconut oil, soybean oil or palm oil.

4. The high-environment-friendly surfactant as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the amino acid donor is amino acid and/or amino acid salt.

5. The high-environment-friendly surfactant as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the amino acid is one or more of glycine, glutamic acid or cysteine.

6. The high-environment-friendly surfactant as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the amino acid salt is one or more of sodium glycinate, potassium glycinate and L-potassium alanine.

7. The high-environment-friendly surfactant as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the humectant is one or more of pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, glycerol and sodium lactate.

8. The preparation method of the high-environment-friendly surfactant is characterized by being used for preparing the high-environment-friendly surfactant as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, and comprising the following preparation steps:

s1, adding grease and an amino acid donor into a round-bottom flask, adding a mixed catalyst, and fully stirring;

s2, heating the round-bottom flask to 100-120 ℃, and continuously reacting for 3-15 hours to obtain an N-fatty acyl amino acid sodium surfactant mixture;

and S3, purifying the N-fatty acyl amino acid sodium surfactant mixture obtained in the step S2, and adding a solvent, a humectant and a preservative to obtain the environment-friendly surfactant with high resistance.

9. The method for preparing the high-environment-friendly surfactant according to claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S1, the mixed catalyst is prepared from 90-95% by mass: 5-10% of a mixture of an alkaline catalyst and an enzyme catalyst, wherein the addition amount of the mixed catalyst is 0.1-5 wt% of the total amount of reactants.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a high-resistance environment-friendly surfactant and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of surfactants.

Background

The surfactant refers to a substance which can obviously reduce the surface tension of a target solution, and the molecular structure of the surfactant has amphipathy: one end is a hydrophilic group and the other end is a hydrophobic group. The surfactant is divided into ionic surfactant, non-ionic surfactant, amphoteric surfactant, compound surfactant, other surfactants and the like.

The invention relates to a high-tolerance environment-friendly amino acid type amphoteric surfactant, which is commonly used as daily chemical products such as liquid detergent or facial cleanser and the like, but causes certain pollution to the environment in the production and manufacturing processes, contains a large amount of additives or preservatives, and also causes certain pollution to the environment when being discharged into the environment, such as water pollution when being discharged into water, water body generation of a large amount of foam, water dissolved oxygen consumption, gas exchange between the water body and air weakening by forming an isolation layer on the surface of the water body and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-environment-friendly surfactant and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, including:

a high-tolerance environment-friendly surfactant comprises, by mass, 20-30 parts of a solvent, 25-35 parts of grease, 25-35 parts of an amino acid donor, 10-20 parts of a humectant and 5-10 parts of a natural preservative; wherein the natural antiseptic is one or more of propolis polyphenol compounds, folium Ginkgo extract, chitosan, and natural antibiotics. Firstly, an amino acid donor provides a synthetic basis of a surfactant, and the high-tolerance environment-friendly surfactant is synthesized by introducing a long-chain hydrophobic group in grease on alpha-amino or alpha-carboxyl of the amino acid donor through a condensation reaction; secondly, the propolis polyphenol compound consists of dozens of chemical components, contains flavonoid, aromatic acid, esters thereof and other substances with strong antibacterial and bactericidal capabilities, has obvious inhibition effect on nearly 20 bacteria, especially gram-positive bacteria, such as staphylococcus aureus, bacillus subtilis, acid-fast bacillus and the like, and has the effect of inhibiting the growth of the bacteria; the ginkgo leaf extract is used as a natural substance with antibacterial and antibacterial effects, is added into a surfactant to enable the surfactant to have better antiseptic and antibacterial effects, prolongs the service life of the surfactant, contains a large amount of flavonoid compounds, organic acids, polyprenol, steroids, amino acids, carboxylic acids, polysaccharides and other components, and functional groups contained in the components such as hydroxyl, carbonyl and the monomer substance are combined with corresponding functional groups on the side chain of an amino acid donor to enhance the connection among the substances, and forms a reticular spatial structure with the surfactant to enable the combination of the two substances to be firmer and more stable; chitosan is a degradation product of chitosan deacetylation, has a good effect of inhibiting bacterial growth, is used as a natural polysaccharide high polymer material, contains a large number of active groups such as hydroxyl, amino and the like, and has strong reactivity and high adsorbability, the strong reactivity can react with related functional groups of an amino acid donor and is combined on the amino acid donor, so that the hydrogen bond acting force in molecules and among molecules of a surfactant is stronger, the surfactant is more stable, the high adsorbability is different due to different free anions and cations under different acid-base environments, the high adsorbability can perform cross-linking reaction with different functional groups, and the surfactant added with chitosan can be recovered through the reaction after being used, so that the pollution to the environment is reduced; the natural antibiotic is used as a chemical substance generated by microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi for the competitive needs of survival in the growth process, has the effect of inhibiting the growth of other bacteria, can replace a preservative after being added into a surfactant, and has less pollution to the environment such as water and the like.

Preferably, the solvent is one or more of water, propylene glycol, ethanol, butanediol and propylene glycol; the solvents are simple substances, have wide sources, have almost no toxicity compared with other types of solvents such as ether, ketone and the like, and can not pollute the environment in the using process and after being used.

Preferably, the grease is one or more of coconut oil, soybean oil or palm oil; the coconut oil is rich in carbon-chain fatty acid and unsaponifiable matters, almost does not contain phospholipid and other colloids, can be efficiently combined with amino acid donors, and simultaneously various organic acids in the coconut oil form the specific antibacterial property of the coconut oil together, so that the surfactant has certain antibacterial property, and the coconut oil as a natural oil material has wide source and low cost, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production; the soybean oil is used as another natural oil and contains a large amount of sterol, alpha-tocopherol, polyphenol and other substances, the sterol enables the reaction of the soybean oil and an amino acid donor to be easier to carry out, the alpha-tocopherol has higher inoxidizability and is beneficial to improving the stability of a surfactant, and the polyphenol contains a large amount of phenolic hydroxyl and also has higher inoxidizability; because the palm oil contains a large amount of substances such as triglyceride, lauric acid, oleic acid, diglyceride and the like, the palm oil can be combined with an amino acid donor, is not easy to oxidize, and has better stability after being combined with the amino acid donor; the above-mentioned several kinds of oils have the characteristics of high-effective combination with amino acid donor, quick reaction speed, easy introduction of long-chain hydrophobic group on alpha-amino group or alpha-carboxyl group of amino acid donor, having different auxiliary functions, etc., and can be extracted from natural crops, and its source is extensive, and does not produce the substances capable of polluting environment, so that it is an environment-protecting resistant oil.

Preferably, the amino acid donor is an amino acid and/or an amino acid salt.

Preferably, the amino acid is one or more of glycine, glutamic acid or cysteine; firstly, the amino acids have higher dissociation constants, are easy to react with hydrophobic groups in oil and fat, and synthesize a surfactant with higher efficiency, secondly, the amino acids have certain antioxidation effect, but are not easy to generate synergistic effect with other substances, and further cannot play a better antioxidation effect, and the amino acids are used as main components of amino acid donors, so that on one hand, the alpha-amino or alpha-carboxyl required by the preparation of the surfactant can be provided, and on the other hand, the amino acids can react with substances such as hydroxyl, tocopherol and the like to play a combined antioxidation effect.

Preferably, the amino acid salt is one or more of sodium glycinate, potassium glycinate and potassium L-alanine.

Preferably, the humectant is one or more of pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, glycerol and sodium lactate; compared with the existing humectants such as sodium dodecyl sulfate and the like, the humectants have the characteristics of small damage to human bodies, small environmental pollution and the like, so that the surfactant meets the production standard of environmental protection.

A preparation method of a high-environment-friendly surfactant is used for preparing the high-environment-friendly surfactant and comprises the following preparation steps:

s1, adding grease and an amino acid donor into a round-bottom flask, adding a mixed catalyst, and fully stirring;

s2, heating the round-bottom flask to 100-120 ℃, and continuously reacting for 3-15 hours to obtain an N-fatty acyl amino acid sodium surfactant mixture;

and S3, purifying the N-fatty acyl amino acid sodium surfactant mixture obtained in the step S2, and adding a solvent, a humectant and a preservative to obtain the environment-friendly surfactant with high resistance.

Preferably, the mixed catalyst in the step S1 is prepared from 90% to 95% by mass: 5-10% of a mixture of an alkaline catalyst and an enzyme catalyst, wherein the addition amount of the mixed catalyst is 0.1-5 wt% of the total amount of reactants; the alkaline catalyst plays a role in accelerating the reaction speed of preparing the surfactant and providing a reaction environment for the preparation reaction, when the reaction environment is alkaline, the charged condition of an amino acid donor is changed, the synthesis of the surfactant is accelerated, the enzyme catalyst plays a role in accelerating the reaction, the substrate conversion rate is improved, the acting force of hydrogen bonds in molecules is enhanced, the using amount of the alkaline catalyst is reduced, the enzyme catalyst can play a better role before the reaction temperature is increased to 70 ℃ in the step S1 and the step S2, so that the whole reaction does not need to be carried out in a strong alkali and high-temperature high-energy-consumption environment, and the influence of the alkaline catalyst in the preparation process of the surfactant on the environment is further reduced; the mixed catalyst used in the preparation method combines the advantages of the alkaline catalyst and the enzyme catalyst, thereby not only improving the reaction efficiency, but also reducing the influence of the catalyst on the environment.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the invention relates to a high-tolerance environment-friendly surfactant, wherein a humectant is added into the surfactant, the humectant is one or more of pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, glycerol and sodium lactate, and compared with the existing humectants such as sodium dodecyl sulfate and the like, the humectant has the characteristics of small damage to a human body, small environmental pollution and the like, and in combination with a synthesis and preparation method of the surfactant, the effective components of the humectant are reserved to the maximum extent and cannot be damaged.

(2) The invention relates to a high-tolerance environment-friendly surfactant, which is added with natural preservatives, wherein the added natural preservatives are one or more of propolis polyphenol compounds, ginkgo leaf extracts, chitosan and natural antibiotics, compared with the existing synthetic preservatives such as potassium sorbate, potassium hexadienoate, propyl p-hydroxybenzoate, phenoxyethanol and the like, the natural preservatives have the characteristics of easy degradation, low environmental pollution and the like, and functional groups carried in the natural preservatives can be combined with corresponding functional groups on an amino acid donor to be more firmly and uniformly combined in the surfactant.

(3) The invention relates to a high-resistance environment-friendly surfactant, wherein a natural preservative is added in the surfactant in the last step of the preparation of the surfactant, so that the high-temperature operation process is avoided in the adding process, the preservative keeps the maximum activity, the synthetic route of the surfactant is simple, and the content of pollutants generated in the production and synthesis process of the surfactant is reduced.

(4) The invention relates to a preparation method of a high-resistance environment-friendly surfactant, which is characterized in that the preparation method comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5% -10% of a mixture of a basic catalyst and an enzyme catalyst, wherein the basic catalyst acts to provide a reaction environment and the enzyme catalyst facilitates the formation of intramolecular hydrogen bonds by the surfactant, accelerates the reaction rate of the surfactant and reduces the amount of basic catalyst required.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

Example 1

The high-tolerance environment-friendly surfactant comprises, by mass, 10g of water, 15g of propylene glycol, 15g of coconut oil, 15g of palm oil, 15g of glycine, 15g of potassium glycinate, 10g of pyrrolidone carboxylic acid and 5g of propolis polyphenol compounds.

A preparation method of a high-resistance environment-friendly surfactant comprises the following preparation steps:

s1, adding grease and an amino acid donor into a round-bottom flask, adding a mixed catalyst, and fully stirring, wherein the total amount of reactants is 100g in the embodiment, the total addition amount of the mixed catalyst is 3g, and specifically, the mixed additive comprises 2.7g of an alkaline catalyst and 0.3g of an enzyme catalyst;

s2, heating the round-bottom flask to 100-120 ℃, and continuously reacting for 3-15 hours to obtain an N-fatty acyl amino acid sodium surfactant mixture;

and S3, purifying the N-fatty acyl amino acid sodium surfactant mixture obtained in the step S2, and adding a solvent, a humectant and a preservative to obtain the environment-friendly surfactant with high resistance.

Example 2

A high-tolerance environment-friendly surfactant comprises, by mass, 20g of propylene glycol, 5g of coconut oil, 20g of palm oil, 20g of glutamic acid, 15g of L-potassium alanine, 10g of glycerol, 5g of pyrrolidone carboxylic acid and 5g of propolis polyphenol compounds; the total amount of mixed catalyst was 4g, including 3.8g of basic catalyst and 0.2g of enzyme catalyst.

Example 3

A high-tolerance environment-friendly surfactant comprises, by mass, 10g of water, 10g of butanediol, 15g of soybean oil, 15g of palm oil, 10g of glycine, 15g of sodium glycinate, 10g of pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, 5g of glycerol and 5g of a ginkgo leaf extract; the total amount of mixed catalyst added was 1.9g, including 1.71g of basic catalyst and 0.19g of enzyme catalyst.

Example 4

A high-tolerance environment-friendly surfactant comprises, by mass, 10g of water, 5g of ethanol, 10g of propylene glycol, 10g of coconut oil, 10g of soybean oil, 10g of palm oil, 10g of glycine, 15g of sodium glycinate, 10g of glycerol, 10g of sodium lactate and 5g of natural antibiotics; the total amount of mixed catalyst added was 3.15g, including 2.835g of basic catalyst and 0.315g of enzyme catalyst.

Example 5

A high-tolerance environment-friendly surfactant comprises, by mass, 10g of water, 20g of propylene glycol, 15g of coconut oil, 15g of soybean oil, 15g of glycine, 20g of potassium glycinate, 5g of glycerol, 10g of pyrrolidone carboxylic acid and 10g of propolis polyphenol compounds; the total amount of mixed catalyst added was 3.6g, including 3.24g of basic catalyst and 0.36g of enzyme catalyst.

Comparative example 1 anticorrosive effect test

Selecting the amino acid surfactants prepared in the embodiments 1 to 5 with the same volume, coating the amino acid surfactants on a plate culture medium, taking the existing amino acid surfactants as blank control, coating the amino acid surfactants on the same plate culture medium, taking the blank plate culture medium as negative control, sucking 2 mu l of bacterial suspension by using a micro-pipette gun, inoculating the bacterial suspension on the coated plate culture medium, standing and culturing at 37 ℃, observing the growth condition of flora on each plate, judging the antibacterial performance of each amino acid surfactant, wherein the antibacterial performance result of each amino acid surfactant is shown in table 1, wherein, the value of O indicates that the growth condition of the flora on the plate is poor and the colony radius is small; □ shows that the colonies on the plate grew normally, but the colony radius was also smaller; the magnification indicates that the colony grows more.

TABLE 1 results of examination of anticorrosive effect

	Detection of anti-corrosive effect
		Example 1	○
Example 2	○
		Example 3	○
Example 4	○
		Example 5	○
Blank control	□
		Negative control	×

Comparative example 2 green algae toxicity test

Selecting the amino acid surfactants prepared in the embodiments 1 to 5 with the same volume, coating the amino acid surfactants on a plate culture medium, taking the existing amino acid surfactants as blank control, coating the amino acid surfactants on the same plate culture medium, taking the blank plate culture medium as negative control, sucking 2 mu l of fresh water chlorella suspension by using a micro-pipetting gun, inoculating the fresh water chlorella suspension on the coated plate culture medium, carrying out shake cultivation at the constant temperature of 28 ℃, observing the shape and density change of green algae on each plate, judging the influence of each amino acid surfactant on the biological activity of the fresh water chlorella, and obtaining the result shown in table 2, wherein the O represents the basically normal growth of the chlorella on the plate; □ shows chlorella on the plates grows more normally but less densely; and x represents that the growth amount of chlorella is small.

TABLE 2 Green algae toxicity test results

While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.