阅读说明：本技术 一种整体式工程机械车轮轮辋及其制备方法 (Integral engineering machinery wheel rim and preparation method thereof ) 是由 许奇 于 2020-05-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种整体式工程机械车轮轮辋及其制备方法,所述轮辋为一体式结构,所述轮辋上设有锁圈凹槽；制备方法具体依次包括板材冲压、卷圆、接缝焊接、扩涨整圆、冷滚旋压成型、轮辋毛坯镦粗和轮辋成型。本发明的整体式工程机械车轮轮辋,采用冷旋压工艺加工轮辋的锁圈凹槽,再配合滚压或旋压工艺制备出力学性能好、外观美观、使用寿命长的工程车轮辋,尤其适应于大型工程车轮辋的生产。(The invention discloses an integral engineering machinery wheel rim and a preparation method thereof, wherein the wheel rim is of an integral structure, and a locking ring groove is arranged on the wheel rim; the preparation method comprises the steps of plate stamping, edge rolling, seam welding, expanding and rounding, cold rolling and spinning forming, rim blank upsetting and rim forming in sequence. The integral engineering machinery wheel rim provided by the invention is used for processing the lock ring groove of the rim by adopting a cold spinning process, and is matched with a rolling or spinning process to prepare the engineering machinery wheel rim with good mechanical property, attractive appearance and long service life, and is particularly suitable for production of large engineering machinery wheel rims.)

1. The integral engineering machinery wheel rim comprises a rim (1) and is characterized in that the rim (1) is of an integral structure, and a locking ring groove (2) is formed in the rim.

2. A method for manufacturing a one-piece work machine wheel rim according to claim 1, comprising the following steps in sequence:

(1) plate stamping: calculating the length and width of the plate according to the specification and size of the rim, and stamping the plate into a square plate with a specified size;

(2) rolling: putting the punched plate into a rolling machine, and rolling the plate into a round open cylinder (3), wherein a welding seam (4) is reserved on the round open cylinder (3), and the size of the welding seam is 5-12 mm;

(3) welding a seam: welding the welding seam (4) of the round open cylinder well by adopting a welding flux through automatic welding equipment to form a complete round cylinder;

(4) expanding and rounding: placing the circular cylinder into a circle expanding device for expanding and rounding so as to obtain a rim blank with better roundness;

(5) cold rolling and spinning forming: putting the rim blank into a cold rolling spinning device for processing a lock ring groove, and processing the lock ring groove (2) of the rim blank through a spinning wheel;

(6) upsetting one end of the rim blank in a hot-pressing forming die;

(7) and (3) rim forming, namely rolling the other end of the rim blank into the shape required by the rim finished product through roll forming.

3. The manufacturing method according to claim 2, wherein the sheet material stamping in the step (1) is formed by stamping with a four-column cutting machine.

4. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein the rolling machine in the step (2) adopts a three-roll structure of two rolls above and below, and the rolling is completed by two procedures of pre-rolling and final rolling.

5. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein the flux in the step (3) is HJ431 melting type high-manganese high-silicon low-fluorine flux with a granularity of 8-40 meshes.

6. The preparation method of claim 2, wherein a gas shielded welding wire is adopted in the seam welding process in the step (3), and the diameter of the gas shielded welding wire is 0.8-1.2 mm.

7. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein the circle expanding device in the step (4) comprises an inner mold, the inner mold is formed by a plurality of fan-shaped blocks arranged along the circumference, the center of the inner mold forms an inverted cone-shaped inner cavity, and the outer circumferential wall of the inner mold is provided with a ring groove extending along the circumference; the spring is arranged in the ring groove and used for bundling the inner die; the inverted cone-shaped block is placed in the inverted cone-shaped inner cavity and matched with the inverted cone-shaped inner cavity; and one end of the jacking shaft penetrates through the through hole and the shaft hole in sequence to be connected with the inverted cone-shaped block, the middle part of the jacking shaft is provided with a baffle, and the other end of the jacking shaft is connected with the jacking power device.

8. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein the spinning roller in the step (5) is a high-strength stainless steel circular die head, the spinning feeding force of the spinning roller is 15-25 MPa, and the feeding speed is 0.5-2.0 mm/min.

9. The method of claim 2, wherein the upsetting in the step (6) includes heating the rim blank to 800 ℃ -900 ℃, and placing the rim blank into a blank groove formed by hot pressing; and upsetting one end of the rim blank is realized through the extrusion of the die and the pressing plate.

10. The manufacturing method according to claim 2, wherein the step (7) of forming the rim adopts a spinning process, the spinning process is powerful spinning, and the rim has a structure with different thicknesses.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering wheel rims, in particular to an integral engineering machinery wheel rim and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The engineering mechanical vehicle is an important device for national infrastructure, and along with the wide and deep upgrading of the country to the industry, the requirements of users on the engineering mechanical vehicle become higher and higher, so that the requirements on the engineering mechanical vehicle are continuously improved, and particularly the requirements on the mechanical properties of the wheels of large or ultra-large engineering mechanical vehicles are very strict.

At present, the conventional wheel rim of the engineering machinery wheel is mostly formed by stamping a section steel groove ring and a steel plate, and a split welding process is needed at the same time, namely, the section steel groove ring and a wheel rim formed by stamping the steel plate are subjected to inner and outer ring welding and splicing. Therefore, the inner and outer circumferential welding engineering vehicle wheel is not seen by the market more and more, the large or ultra-large engineering mechanical vehicle cannot meet the use requirement, and the integral engineering vehicle wheel rim is favored by the market more and more.

The integral type engineering vehicle wheel rim also has related information and literature introduction at present, for example, a patent number '201910372068.5' introduces a production method of the one-piece type engineering vehicle wheel rim, a wheel rim and an inner check ring are integrally formed, a spoke and an outer check ring or the wheel rim are integrally formed, the problems of air leakage and the like caused by disqualification of a locking ring and an outer wheel rim (the inner check ring and the outer check ring) are avoided, the wheel is changed into an integral design from a split body, and the technical indexes of roundness, concentricity and jumping are improved; the patent number '201110267142.0' introduces a processing method of a steel ring integral rim, the processing method adopts a hot-press forming die to carry out upsetting forming on a small opening end of the rim, the processing method is simple, the cylindricity precision of a processed and formed rim body is high, and the structural performance is stable. However, the lock ring groove in the conventional integral type machineshop car rim is formed by turning, and the turning of the lock ring groove is often completed in the last process, so that certain defects exist. Firstly, the turning efficiency is low, and particularly, the clamping of a large-sized engineering vehicle rim is troublesome and the processing cost is high; secondly, in the turning process, it still has certain stealthy damage to the machineshop car rim, can influence the whole use intensity of rim, moreover, if the course of working control is careless, will appear the crackle, leads to the rim to scrap, and the process in earlier stage all can be extravagant to great economic loss has been caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides an integral engineering machinery wheel rim and a preparation method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the integral engineering machinery wheel rim comprises a rim body, wherein the rim body is of an integral structure, and a locking ring groove is formed in the rim body.

The invention also discloses a preparation method of the integral engineering machinery wheel rim, which sequentially comprises the following steps:

(1) plate stamping: calculating the length and width of the plate according to the specification and size of the rim, and stamping the plate into a square plate with a specified size;

(2) rolling: putting the punched plate into a rolling machine, and rolling the plate into a round open cylinder, wherein a welding seam is reserved on the round open cylinder, and the size of the welding seam is 5-12 mm;

(3) welding a seam: welding the welding seam of the circular opening cylinder well by adopting a welding flux through automatic welding equipment to form a complete circular cylinder;

(4) expanding and rounding: placing the circular cylinder into a circle expanding device for expanding and rounding so as to obtain a rim blank with better roundness;

(5) cold rolling and spinning forming: putting the rim blank into a cold rolling spinning device for processing a locking ring groove, and processing the locking ring groove of the rim blank through a spinning wheel;

(6) upsetting one end of the rim blank in a hot-pressing forming die;

(7) and (3) rim forming, namely rolling the other end of the rim blank into the shape required by the rim finished product through roll forming.

As a further improvement of the invention, the plate material stamping in the step (1) is formed by stamping by a four-column cutting machine.

As a further improvement of the invention, the rolling machine in the step (2) adopts a three-roller structure of two rollers, and the rolling is completed by two procedures of pre-rolling and final rolling.

As a further improvement of the invention, the flux in the step (3) is HJ431 smelting type high-manganese high-silicon low-fluorine flux, and the granularity is 8-40 meshes.

As a further improvement of the invention, in the seam welding process in the step (3), a gas shielded welding wire is adopted, and the diameter of the gas shielded welding wire is 0.8-1.2 mm.

As a further improvement of the invention, the circle expanding device in the step (4) comprises an inner mold, wherein the inner mold is formed by a plurality of sector blocks arranged along the circumference, the center of the inner mold forms an inverted cone-shaped inner cavity, and the peripheral wall of the inner mold is provided with a ring groove extending along the circumference; the spring is arranged in the ring groove and used for bundling the inner die; the inverted cone-shaped block is placed in the inverted cone-shaped inner cavity and matched with the inverted cone-shaped inner cavity; and one end of the jacking shaft penetrates through the through hole and the shaft hole in sequence to be connected with the inverted cone-shaped block, the middle part of the jacking shaft is provided with a baffle, and the other end of the jacking shaft is connected with the jacking power device.

As a further improvement of the invention, the spinning wheel in the step (5) is a high-strength stainless steel circular die head, the spinning feeding force of the spinning wheel is 15-25 MPa, and the feeding speed is 0.5-2.0 mm/min.

As a further improvement of the invention, the upsetting in the step (6) comprises the steps of heating the rim blank to 800-900 ℃, and placing the rim blank into a blank trough formed by hot pressing; and upsetting one end of the rim blank is realized through the extrusion of the die and the pressing plate.

As a further improvement of the invention, the step (7) of rim forming adopts a spinning process, the spinning process is powerful spinning, and the rim has a structure with different thicknesses.

As a further improvement of the invention, the rim is made of a common steel plate.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the integral engineering machinery wheel rim has the advantages of being simple in structure, low in cost, high in strength and the like, and the problems that an engineering vehicle wheel rim is high in cost, low in efficiency and poor in load capacity due to the fact that a section steel groove ring and a steel plate punch formed wheel rim inner and outer ring welding are avoided due to the fact that the integral structure and the common steel plate are adopted. The manufacturing method of the integral wheel rim of the engineering machinery has the characteristics of simple production process, high efficiency and good product loading capacity, and the groove of the locking ring is processed by the cold rolling spinning process, so that the structural compactness of the groove section of the locking ring is higher, and the physical and chemical properties are better; meanwhile, after the lock ring groove processing technology is advanced to the expanding and rounding, the damage of the lock ring groove processing to the rim is greatly reduced, and the rim is formed in the later stage through powerful spinning, so that the rim organization structure is more compact, the density is higher, and the overall strength of the rim is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wheel rim of an integral construction machine of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a process flow chart of the wheel rim of the integrated construction machine of the invention;

fig. 3 is a flow chart of a processing method of the wheel rim of the integrated engineering machinery.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the integral engineering machinery wheel rim comprises a rim 1, wherein the rim 1 is of an integral structure, and a locking ring groove 2 is arranged on the rim 1; specifically, the rim 1 is made of a common steel plate material and is prepared through rolling or spinning, and the wall thickness of the rim is of an unequal-thickness structure.

As shown in fig. 2, the process flow of the integral wheel rim of the engineering machinery of the invention is as follows:

sheet material stampingEdge rollingSeam weldingExpanding and roundingCold rolling spinning formingUpsetting of rim blankAnd (5) forming a rim.

The processing method flow of the integral rim of the steel ring disclosed by the invention as shown in fig. 3 sequentially comprises the following steps:

(1) plate stamping: calculating the length and width of the plate according to the size of the rim specification, and stamping the plate into a square plate with specified dimensions, as shown in (a) in fig. 3;

(2) rolling: putting the punched plate into a rolling machine, and rolling the plate into a round open cylinder 3, wherein a welded joint 4 is reserved on the round open cylinder 3, and the size of the welded joint 4 is 5-12 mm, as shown in (b) in fig. 3;

(3) welding a seam: welding the welded joint of the circular open cylinder by using a welding flux through automatic welding equipment to form a complete circular cylinder, as shown in (c) of fig. 3;

(4) expanding and rounding: placing the circular cylinder into a circle expanding device for expanding and rounding so as to obtain a rim blank with better roundness, as shown in (d) of fig. 3;

(5) cold rolling and spinning forming: putting the rim blank into a cold rolling spinning device for processing a locking ring groove, and processing the locking ring groove of the rim blank through a spinning wheel, as shown in (e) in fig. 3;

(6) upsetting one end of the rim blank in a hot press molding die, as shown in (f) of fig. 3;

(7) and (3) forming the rim, namely rolling the other end of the rim blank into the required shape of the finished rim by rolling forming, wherein the shape is shown in (g) in figure 3.

Further, the plate material in the step (1) is punched by a four-column cutting machine; specifically, the plate is made of a common steel plate, and the thickness of the plate is 8-14 mm.

Further, the rolling machine in the step (2) adopts a three-roller structure of a first roller and a second roller, and rolling is completed by adopting two procedures of pre-rolling and final rolling; specifically, two end portions of a punched square plate are pre-bent into arc shapes, the pre-bent square plate is placed on a lower roller of a three-roller structure rounding machine, the lower roller is started to move upwards, the vertical distance between the lower roller and an upper roller is gradually reduced, when the lower roller moves to the square plate placed on the lower roller and contacts with the upper roller, the upper roller is started to rotate forwards and backwards, and meanwhile, the lower roller continues to move upwards until the square plate forms a circular opening cylinder 3, as shown in (b) in fig. 3.

Further, the welding flux in the step (3) is HJ431 smelting type high-manganese high-silicon low-fluorine welding flux, and the granularity is 20-40 meshes; furthermore, in the seam welding process in the step (3), a gas shielded welding wire is adopted, and the diameter of the gas shielded welding wire is 0.8-1.2 mm; specifically, the adopted gas shielded welding wire has strong copper layer binding force and anti-corrosion capability, the welding wire is stable in wire feeding in the welding process, the formed welding seam is attractive, welding smog and splashing are small, the welding seam of the rim has high tensile resistance and low-temperature impact resistance, and the using requirement of the rim of the engineering truck is met.

Further, the circle expanding device in the step (4) comprises an inner die, wherein the inner die is formed by a plurality of fan-shaped blocks arranged along the circumference, an inverted cone-shaped inner cavity is formed in the center of the inner die, and a ring groove extending along the circumference is formed in the outer circumferential wall of the inner die; the spring is arranged in the ring groove and used for bundling the inner die; the inverted cone-shaped block is placed in the inverted cone-shaped inner cavity and matched with the inverted cone-shaped inner cavity; one end of the jacking shaft sequentially penetrates through the through hole and the shaft hole to be connected with the inverted cone-shaped block, a baffle is arranged at the middle part of the jacking shaft, and the other end of the jacking shaft is connected with the jacking power device.

Further, the spinning wheel in the step (5) is a high-strength stainless steel circular die head, the spinning feeding force of the spinning wheel is 15-25 MPa, and the feeding speed is 0.5-2.0 mm/min; specifically, the feeding pressure and the feeding speed of the rotary wheel can be specifically adjusted according to the diameter of the rim of the engineering truck, the larger the diameter is, the larger the feeding pressure is, the smaller the feeding speed is, and therefore the processing yield of the locking ring groove 2 is ensured.

Further, the upsetting in the step (6) comprises heating the rim blank to 800-900 ℃, and placing the rim blank into a blank trough formed by hot pressing; and upsetting one end of the rim blank is realized through the extrusion of the die and the pressing plate.

Further, the rim in the step (7) is formed by adopting a spinning process, the spinning process is powerful spinning, and the rim has a structure with different thicknesses; spinning can further improve the physical and chemical properties of the rim, including improving strength and increasing density, so that the rim has better load capacity and prolonged service life.

To further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention in detail, and to facilitate understanding of those skilled in the art, the embodiments of the present invention further illustrate the method for manufacturing the integral type machineshop car rim according to three sizes of rims, i.e., machineshop car rims with rim diameters of 20 inches (508 mm), 24 inches (609.6 mm) and 28 inches (711.2 mm), of 8.5/1.3-20, 8.5/1.7-24 and 10.0/1.5-28, respectively.

Example 1:

(1) plate stamping: according to the specification of a rim of 8.5/1.3-20, calculating the length and width of a plate to be punched to be 1590 x 216mm, selecting a common steel plate material with the thickness of 8mm, punching the plate to be 1590 x 216mm square plate by a four-column cutting machine, wherein the tolerance range is +/-1.5 mm, and the punched square plate is shown as (a) in figure 3;

(2) rolling: putting the punched square plate into a three-roller structure rolling machine with an upper roller and a lower roller, and rolling the square plate into a round open cylinder 3 through two procedures of pre-rolling and final rolling, wherein a welding seam 4 is reserved on the round open cylinder 3, and the size of the welding seam 4 is 5mm, as shown in (b) in fig. 3;

(3) welding a seam: welding the welding seam of the circular opening cylinder well by using an HJ431 smelting type high-manganese high-silicon low-fluorine welding flux with the granularity of 20-40 meshes through automatic welding equipment, and simultaneously welding to form a complete circular cylinder by using a gas shielded welding wire with the diameter of 0.8mm in the welding process, wherein the gas shielded welding wire is shown in (c) in fig. 3;

(4) expanding and rounding: putting the round barrel into a circle expanding device for expanding and rounding, wherein the circle expanding device is specially designed, is internally provided with an inverted cone-shaped inner cavity and is matched with a top shaft power device, so that a rim blank with better roundness is obtained, as shown in (d) in fig. 3;

(5) cold rolling and spinning forming: putting the rim blank into a cold rolling spinning device for processing a locking ring groove, setting the spinning feeding force of a spinning wheel to be 15MPa and the feeding speed to be 2.0mm/min, and processing the locking ring groove of the rim blank by the spinning wheel, wherein the locking ring groove is shown as (e) in fig. 3;

(6) upsetting one end of the rim blank in a hot-press forming die, heating the rim blank to 800 ℃, putting the rim blank into a blank trough for hot-press forming, and extruding through the die and a pressing plate to realize upsetting of one end of the rim blank as shown in (f) in figure 3;

(7) and (3) forming the rim, namely rolling the other end of the rim blank into the required shape of the finished rim by rolling forming, wherein the shape is shown in (g) in figure 3.

Example 2:

(1) plate stamping: calculating the length and width of the plate to be 1906 x 216mm according to the rim specification of 8.5/1.7-24, selecting a common steel plate material with the thickness of 12mm, punching the plate to be a 1906 x 216mm square plate by a four-column cutting machine, wherein the tolerance range is +/-1.5 mm, and the punched square plate is shown as (a) in fig. 3;

(2) rolling: putting the punched square plate into a three-roller structure rolling machine with an upper roller and a lower roller, and rolling the square plate into a round open cylinder 3 through two procedures of pre-rolling and final rolling, wherein a welding seam 4 is reserved on the round open cylinder 3, and the size of the welding seam 4 is 8mm, as shown in (b) in fig. 3;

(3) welding a seam: welding the welding seam of the circular opening cylinder well by using an HJ431 smelting type high-manganese high-silicon low-fluorine welding flux with the granularity of 20-40 meshes through automatic welding equipment, and simultaneously welding to form a complete circular cylinder by using a gas shielded welding wire with the diameter of 1.0mm in the welding process, wherein the gas shielded welding wire is shown in (c) in fig. 3;

(4) expanding and rounding: putting the round barrel into a circle expanding device for expanding and rounding, wherein the circle expanding device is specially designed, is internally provided with an inverted cone-shaped inner cavity and is matched with a top shaft power device, so that a rim blank with better roundness is obtained, as shown in (d) in fig. 3;

(5) cold rolling and spinning forming: putting the rim blank into a cold rolling spinning device for processing a locking ring groove, setting the spinning feeding force of a spinning wheel to be 20MPa and the feeding speed to be 1.5mm/min, and processing the locking ring groove of the rim blank by the spinning wheel, wherein the locking ring groove is shown as (e) in fig. 3;

(6) upsetting one end of the rim blank in a hot-pressing forming die, heating the rim blank to 850 ℃, putting the rim blank into a blank trough for hot-pressing forming, and extruding through the die and a pressing plate to realize upsetting of one end of the rim blank as shown in (f) in figure 3;

(7) and (3) forming the rim by adopting a spinning process, wherein the spinning process is powerful spinning, the rim has a structure with different thicknesses, and the thicknesses of the thinnest part and the thickest part of the wall are respectively 8mm and 14mm, as shown in (g) in figure 3.

Example 3:

(1) plate stamping: calculating the length and width of the plate to be 2221 × 254mm according to the rim specification of 10.0/1.5-28, selecting a common steel plate material with the thickness of 14mm, stamping the plate to be a 2221 × 254mm square plate by a four-column cutting machine, wherein the tolerance range is +/-2.0 mm, and the stamped square plate is shown as (a) in figure 3;

(2) rolling: putting the punched square plate into a three-roller structure rolling machine with an upper roller and a lower roller, and rolling the square plate into a round open cylinder 3 through two procedures of pre-rolling and final rolling, wherein a welding seam 4 is reserved on the round open cylinder 3, and the size of the welding seam 4 is 12mm, as shown in (b) in fig. 3;

(3) welding a seam: welding the welding seam of the circular opening cylinder well by using an HJ431 smelting type high-manganese high-silicon low-fluorine welding flux with the granularity of 8-40 meshes through automatic welding equipment, and simultaneously welding to form a complete circular cylinder by using a gas shielded welding wire with the diameter of 1.2mm in the welding process, wherein the gas shielded welding wire is shown in (c) in fig. 3;

(4) expanding and rounding: putting the round barrel into a circle expanding device for expanding and rounding, wherein the circle expanding device is specially designed, is internally provided with an inverted cone-shaped inner cavity and is matched with a top shaft power device, so that a rim blank with better roundness is obtained, as shown in (d) in fig. 3;

(5) cold rolling and spinning forming: putting the rim blank into a cold rolling spinning device for processing a locking ring groove, setting the spinning feeding force of a spinning wheel to be 25MPa and the feeding speed to be 0.5mm/min, and processing the locking ring groove of the rim blank by the spinning wheel, wherein the locking ring groove is shown as (e) in fig. 3;

(6) upsetting one end of the rim blank in a hot-press forming die, heating the rim blank to 900 ℃, putting the rim blank into a blank trough for hot-press forming, and realizing the upsetting of one end of the rim blank as shown in (f) in figure 3 by the extrusion of the die and a pressure plate;

(7) and (3) forming the rim by adopting a spinning process, wherein the spinning process is powerful spinning, the rim has a structure with different thicknesses, and the thicknesses of the thinnest part and the thickest part of the wall are respectively 10mm and 16mm, as shown in (g) in figure 3.

Finally, it is also noted that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. In all respects, therefore, the above-described embodiments of the present invention are to be considered illustrative of the invention and not restrictive; the scope of the invention is indicated in the claims, and not in the foregoing description; therefore, any changes within the meaning and range equivalent to the claims of the present invention should be construed as being included in the scope of the claims.