阅读说明：本技术 具有多切削状态参数监测功能的减振内孔车刀及监测方法 (Vibration reduction inner bore turning tool with multi-cutting-state parameter monitoring function and monitoring method ) 是由 刘强 张海军 高大湧 周强 白峥言 于 2021-07-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：具有多切削状态参数监测功能的减振内孔车刀及监测方法,属于金属切削加工领域,本发明为解决深孔加工采用离线监测存在加工质量和加工效率低的问题。本发明包括内孔车刀和切削状态参数感知系统,所述内孔车刀包括车刀刀片、刀头和刀杆,刀头固定在刀杆的前端,刀头用于装夹车刀刀片,所述切削状态参数感知系统用于采集车刀刀片切削内孔时的振动信号,并根据该振动信号获取车刀刀片的刀尖处振动位移、速度及加速度状态参数。监测方法,该方法包括：通过振动传感器采集刀尖的振动信号并发送至上位机,以获得刀尖x向和z向的多种状态参数。(The invention discloses a vibration reduction inner bore turning tool with a multi-cutting-state parameter monitoring function and a monitoring method, belongs to the field of metal cutting machining, and aims to solve the problems of low machining quality and low machining efficiency in off-line monitoring of deep hole machining. The inner bore turning tool comprises a turning tool blade, a tool bit and a tool bar, wherein the tool bit is fixed at the front end of the tool bar and is used for clamping the turning tool blade, and the cutting state parameter sensing system is used for acquiring a vibration signal generated when the turning tool blade cuts an inner bore and acquiring vibration displacement, speed and acceleration state parameters of the tool point of the turning tool blade according to the vibration signal. A method of monitoring, the method comprising: the vibration sensor is used for acquiring vibration signals of the tool nose and sending the vibration signals to the upper computer so as to obtain various state parameters of the tool nose in the x direction and the z direction.)

1. Damping hole lathe tool with many cutting state parameter monitoring functions, its characterized in that, including hole lathe tool and cutting state parameter perception system, the hole lathe tool includes lathe tool blade (1), tool bit (2) and cutter arbor (5), and the front end at cutter arbor (5) is fixed in tool bit (2), and tool bit (2) are used for clamping lathe tool blade (1), cutting state parameter perception system is used for gathering the vibration signal when lathe tool blade (1) cuts the hole to tool tip department vibration displacement, speed and the acceleration state parameter of lathe tool blade (1) are obtained according to this vibration signal.

2. The vibration-damping female turning tool with multi-cutting-state parameter monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting-state parameter sensing system comprises a sensing unit (3), a vibration absorption block (4), a signal acquisition module (6), a signal transmission module (7) and an upper computer (9),

a cavity is arranged on one side, close to the tool bit (2), of the interior of the tool bar (5), a sensing unit (3) and a vibration absorption block (4) are arranged in the cavity, the vibration absorption block (4) is fixed on the side wall, close to the tool bit, of the cavity through a cantilever beam (10), the vibration absorption block (4) can perform cantilever vibration in the cavity, the cantilever beam (10) is provided with the sensing unit (3), the sensing unit (3) is composed of an x-direction vibration sensor (3-1) and a z-direction vibration sensor (3-2), the x-direction vibration sensor (3-1) and the z-direction vibration sensor (3-2) are arranged on the same circumference of the cantilever beam in a 90-degree angle mode and used for sensing vibration information of the vibration absorption block (4), wherein the x direction is a vertical direction, and the z direction is a horizontal direction and is perpendicular to the axial direction of the cantilever beam;

the vibration signal is sent to the signal acquisition module (6) and is sent to the upper computer (9) through the signal transmission module (7), and the upper computer (9) calculates and obtains the vibration displacement, the speed and the acceleration state parameters of the tool point through a kinetic equation.

3. The vibration-damping female turning tool with the multi-cutting-state parameter monitoring function according to claim 2, characterized in that the cutting-state parameter sensing system further comprises a power supply module (8), and the power supply module (8) is used for supplying electric energy required by the work to the sensing unit (3), the signal acquisition module (6) and the signal transmission module (7).

4. The vibration-damped female turning tool with the multiple cutting state parameter monitoring function according to claim 3, characterized by further comprising a control housing, wherein the control housing is provided with a front opening and fixed at the rear end of the tool bar (5), and a signal acquisition module (6), a signal transmission module (7) and a power supply module (8) are arranged in the control housing.

5. The vibration-damping bore lathe tool with the multi-cutting-state parameter monitoring function according to claim 4, characterized in that the tool bar (5) is provided with a through hole (5-1), the through hole (5-1) is communicated with the cavity at the front end and the rear box body at the rear end, and the through hole (5-1) is used for wiring between the signal acquisition module (6) and the sensing unit (3).

6. The method for monitoring the parameters of the vibration reduction inner bore turning tool in multiple cutting states is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

step one, signal acquisition: the x-direction vibration sensor (3-1) monitors and obtains the x-direction vibration acceleration a_xThe z-direction vibration sensor (3-2) monitors and acquires z-direction vibration acceleration a_z(ii) a The monitored vibration acceleration is collected by a signal collection module (6) and is sent to an upper computer (9) through a signal transmission module (7);

secondly, the upper computer (9) vibrates according to the x-direction vibration acceleration a_xObtaining the x-direction vibration displacement delta of the tool tip of the turning tool blade (1)_xSpeed and acceleration state parameters;

thirdly, the upper computer (9) vibrates according to the z-direction vibration acceleration a_zObtaining the z-direction vibration displacement delta of the tool tip of the turning tool blade (1)_zSpeed and acceleration state parameters.

7. The vibration-damping bore turning tool multi-cutting-state parameter monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that the upper computer (9) in the second step is used for monitoring the vibration acceleration a according to the x direction_xObtaining the x-direction vibration displacement delta of the tool tip of the turning tool blade (1)_xThe specific process is as follows:

a1, according to the received x-direction vibration acceleration a_xAcquiring x-direction vibration frequency omega by information;

a2 and the x-direction vibration displacement x of the midpoint of the vibration absorber (4)₂Obtained as follows:

wherein x is_l1Is the vibration displacement in the x direction of the middle point of the vibration sensor (3-1) in the x direction and the vibration acceleration a in the x direction_xObtaining a secondary integral;

l₁is the middle point and the cantilever of the x-direction vibration sensor (3-1)Horizontal distance of fixed end of beam (10);

l₂the horizontal distance between the middle point of the vibration absorber (4) and the fixed end of the cantilever beam (10) is set;

a3, establishing an x-direction kinetic equation:

wherein, F_AxFor the magnitude of the x-direction cutting force Fx, M, of the bore-turning tool₁For inner bore turning tool equivalent mass, K₁For internal bore tool stiffness, C₁Damping for bore tools, m₂Is the mass of the absorber mass (4), k₂Is the stiffness of the cantilever beam (10), c₂Damping of the cantilever beam (10); x is the number of₁The inner bore turning tool equivalent position point is set in the cavity of the tool bar (5) and is superposed with the middle point of the vibration absorber (4) in a static state; x is the number of₂The displacement is the x-direction vibration displacement of the middle point of the vibration absorption block (4);

a4, obtaining the amplitude F of the cutting force Fx of the inner bore lathe tool in the x direction according to the kinetic equation of A3_Ax：

Wherein A is_2-xIs the x-direction vibration displacement x of the middle point of the vibration absorption block (4)₂The amplitude of (d);

the intermediate variables a, b, f and g are calculated as follows:

a＝(K₁+k₂-M₁ω²)(k₂-m₂ω²)-k₂ ²-(C₁+c₂)c₂ω²+c₂ ²ω²，

b＝(K₁+k₂-M₁ω²)c₂ω+(k₂-m₂ω²)(C₁+c₂)ω+2(K₁+k₂)c₂ω，

f＝k₂，

g＝c₂ω；

a5 amplitude F according to A4_AxAcquiring an x-direction cutting force Fx of the inner bore turning tool:

Fx＝F_AXsin(ωt)；

a6, obtaining the x-direction vibration displacement delta at the tool tip of the turning tool blade (1) according to the x-direction cutting force Fx of the inner bore turning tool in the step A5_x：

8. The vibration reduction internal bore turning tool multi-cutting-state parameter monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that the specific process of obtaining the x-direction speed and acceleration at the tool tip of the turning tool blade (1) is as follows: x-direction vibration displacement delta at tool tip of turning tool blade (1)_xThe first derivative is the x-direction speed of the tool tip of the turning tool blade (1), and the x-direction vibration displacement delta of the tool tip of the turning tool blade (1)_xThe second derivative of (2) is the x-direction acceleration of the tool tip of the turning tool blade (1).

9. The vibration-damping bore turning tool multi-cutting-state parameter monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that the upper computer (9) in the third step is used for monitoring the vibration acceleration a according to the z direction_zObtaining the z-direction vibration displacement delta of the tool tip of the turning tool blade (1)_zThe specific process is as follows:

b1, acceleration a according to the received z-direction vibration_zAcquiring z-direction vibration frequency omega by information;

b2 and z-direction vibration displacement z of the middle point of the vibration absorber (4)₂Obtained as follows:

wherein z is_l1Is the vibration displacement of the middle point of the z-direction vibration sensor 3-1 in the z direction and is accelerated by the vibration a in the z direction_zObtaining a secondary integral;

l_1-zthe horizontal distance between the middle point of the z-direction vibration sensor 3-1 and the fixed end of the cantilever beam (10);

l_2-zthe horizontal distance between the middle point of the vibration absorber (4) and the fixed end of the cantilever beam (10) is set;

b3, establishing a z-direction kinetic equation:

wherein, F_CxFor the amplitude, M, of the z-direction cutting force Fz of the bore-turning tool₁For inner bore turning tool equivalent mass, K₁For internal bore tool stiffness, C₁Damping for bore tools, m₂Is the mass of the absorber mass (4), k₂Is the stiffness of the cantilever beam (10), c₂Damping of the cantilever beam (10); z is a radical of₁The inner bore turning tool equivalent position point is set in the cavity of the tool bar (5) and is superposed with the middle point of the vibration absorber (4) in a static state; z is a radical of₂The Z-direction vibration displacement of the middle point of the vibration absorption block (4) is obtained;

b4, obtaining the amplitude F of the cutting force Fz of the inner bore turning tool in the z direction according to the kinetic equation of B3_Cx：

Wherein A is_2-xIs the z-direction vibration displacement z of the middle point of the vibration absorption block (4)₂The amplitude of (d);

the intermediate variables a, b, f and g are calculated as follows:

a＝(K₁+k₂-M₁ω²)(k₂-m₂ω²)-k₂ ²-(C₁+c₂)c₂ω²+c₂ ²ω²，

b＝(K₁+k₂-M₁ω²)c₂ω+(k₂-m₂ω²)(C₁+c₂)ω+2(K₁+k₂)c₂ω，

f＝k₂，

g＝c₂ω；

b5 amplitude F according to B4_CxObtaining an inner bore turning tool z-direction cutting force Fz:

Fz＝F_Cxsin(ωt)；

b6, acquiring z-direction vibration displacement delta at the tool tip of the turning tool blade (1) according to the z-direction cutting force Fz of the inner bore turning tool in the step B5_z：

10. The vibration reduction bore turning tool multi-cutting-state parameter monitoring method according to claim 9, wherein the specific process of obtaining the z-direction speed and the acceleration at the tool tip of the turning tool blade (1) comprises the following steps: z-direction vibration displacement delta at tool tip of turning tool blade (1)_zThe first derivative is the z-direction speed of the tool tip of the turning tool blade (1), and the z-direction vibration displacement delta of the tool tip of the turning tool blade (1)_zThe second derivative of (2) is the z-direction acceleration of the tool tip of the turning tool blade (1).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a technology for monitoring the cutting state of a turning tool in a deep hole machining process, and belongs to the field of metal cutting machining.

Background

In metal cutting, the inner hole machining accounts for about 33% of the total machining. Before the 20 th century, deep hole processing technology is mostly applied to the field of confidential military industry, and is famous for the whole manufacturing industry due to high processing difficulty and high processing cost. After the 21 st century, with the rapid development of science and technology, deep-hole parts are widely applied in military and civil fields, and most of the deep-hole parts relate to important fields such as military, aerospace, energy equipment and the like which relate to national defense and civil life, for example: the processing of gun barrels, helicopters and ship gas turbine deep hole parts belongs to deep hole processing with large length-diameter ratio. Due to the structural particularity of deep-hole parts, the deep-hole parts are most the most critical parts in equipment, the machining precision and the surface quality of the deep-hole parts have great influence on the service performance and the service life of the whole equipment, and once machining defects such as vibration lines and microcracks exist in the parts, immeasurable influence can be caused in military or civil use.

The long diameter of an inner bore lathe tool for cutting an inner bore is large, so that the problem of easy vibration in the machining process is caused, the surface precision of a machined workpiece is seriously influenced by the vibration, and meanwhile, due to the problem of limited inner bore structure space, the monitoring of machining parameters in the cutting process becomes extremely difficult. Therefore, in actual machining, an off-line monitoring mode is mostly selected, in order to guarantee machining quality, multiple times of stopping detection are needed, the machining mode is usually too conservative, the performance of a machine tool cannot be exerted, even the inner bore turning tool is vibrated due to instability of the machining process, and the machining quality and the machining efficiency are greatly reduced. Therefore, the monitoring of the cutting state parameters in the inner hole machining process has important significance on the machining quality and efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of low processing quality and low processing efficiency in the process of offline monitoring for deep hole processing, and provides a vibration-damping inner bore turning tool with a multi-cutting-state parameter monitoring function and a monitoring method.

The invention discloses a vibration reduction inner bore turning tool with a multi-cutting-state parameter monitoring function, which comprises an inner bore turning tool and a cutting-state parameter sensing system, wherein the inner bore turning tool comprises a turning tool blade 1, a tool bit 2 and a tool bar 5, the tool bit 2 is fixed at the front end of the tool bar 5, the tool bit 2 is used for clamping the turning tool blade 1, and the cutting-state parameter sensing system is used for acquiring a vibration signal when the turning tool blade 1 cuts an inner bore and acquiring vibration displacement, speed and acceleration state parameters at the tool tip of the turning tool blade 1 according to the vibration signal.

Preferably, the cutting state parameter sensing system comprises a sensing unit 3, a vibration absorption block 4, a signal acquisition module 6, a signal transmission module 7 and an upper computer 9,

a cavity is arranged on one side, close to the tool bit 2, of the tool bar 5, a sensing unit 3 and a vibration absorption block 4 are arranged in the cavity, the vibration absorption block 4 is fixed on the side wall, close to the tool bit, of the cavity through a cantilever beam 10, the vibration absorption block 4 can perform cantilever vibration in the cavity, the cantilever beam 10 is provided with the sensing unit 3, the sensing unit 3 is composed of an x-direction vibration sensor 3-1 and a z-direction vibration sensor 3-2, the x-direction vibration sensor 3-1 and the z-direction vibration sensor 3-2 are arranged on the same circumference of the cantilever beam at an angle of 90 degrees and used for sensing vibration information of the vibration absorption block 4, wherein the x direction is a vertical direction, and the z direction is a horizontal direction and is vertical to the axial direction of the cantilever beam;

the vibration signal is sent to the signal acquisition module 6 and is sent to the upper computer 9 through the signal transmission module 7, and the upper computer 9 calculates and obtains vibration displacement, speed and acceleration state parameters at the tool point through a kinetic equation.

Preferably, the cutting state parameter sensing system further comprises a power supply module 8, and the power supply module 8 is used for supplying electric energy required by work to the sensing unit 3, the signal acquisition module 6 and the signal transmission module 7.

Preferably, the device further comprises a control shell, wherein the control shell is provided with a front opening and is fixed at the rear end part of the cutter bar 5, and a signal acquisition module 6, a signal transmission module 7 and a power supply module 8 are arranged in the control shell.

Preferably, the cutter bar 5 is provided with a through hole 5-1, the through hole 5-1 is communicated with the cavity at the front end and the rear box body at the rear end, and the through hole 5-1 is used for wiring between the signal acquisition module 6 and the sensing unit 3.

The invention also provides another technical scheme: the method for monitoring the parameters of the vibration reduction inner bore turning tool in multiple cutting states comprises the following steps:

step one, signal acquisition: the x-direction vibration sensor 3-1 monitors and obtains the x-direction vibration acceleration a_xZ-direction vibration acceleration a is monitored and obtained by the z-direction vibration sensor 3-2_z(ii) a The monitored vibration acceleration is collected by a signal collection module 6 and is sent to an upper computer 9 through a signal transmission module 7;

step two, the upper computer 9 vibrates the acceleration a according to the x direction_xObtaining the x-direction vibration displacement delta of the tool tip of the turning tool blade 1_xSpeed and acceleration state parameters;

thirdly, the upper computer 9 vibrates according to the z-direction vibration acceleration a_zObtaining the Z-direction vibration displacement delta at the tool tip of the turning tool blade 1_zSpeed and acceleration state parameters.

Preferably, the upper computer 9 of the second step vibrates according to the acceleration a of the x-direction_xObtaining the x-direction vibration displacement delta of the tool tip of the turning tool blade 1_xThe specific process is as follows:

a1, according to the received x-direction vibration acceleration a_xAcquiring x-direction vibration frequency omega by information;

a2 and the x-direction vibration displacement x of the middle point of the vibration absorber 4₂Obtained as follows:

wherein x is_l1Is the vibration displacement in the x direction of the midpoint of the vibration sensor 3-1 in the x direction and the vibration acceleration a in the x direction_xObtaining a secondary integral;

l₁the horizontal distance between the middle point of the x-direction vibration sensor 3-1 and the fixed end of the cantilever beam 10 is shown;

l₂the horizontal distance between the middle point of the vibration absorber 4 and the fixed end of the cantilever beam 10 is shown;

a3, establishing an x-direction kinetic equation:

wherein, F_AxFor the magnitude of the x-direction cutting force Fx, M, of the bore-turning tool₁For inner bore turning tool equivalent mass, K₁For internal bore tool stiffness, C₁Damping for bore tools, m₂Is the mass of the absorber mass 4, k₂Stiffness of the cantilever beam 10, c₂Damping of the cantilever beam 10; x is the number of₁The inner bore turning tool equivalent position point is set in the cavity of the tool bar 5 and is superposed with the middle point of the vibration absorber 4 in a static state; x is the number of₂The displacement is the x-direction vibration displacement of the middle point of the vibration absorption block 4;

a4, obtaining the amplitude F of the cutting force Fx of the inner bore lathe tool in the x direction according to the kinetic equation of A3_Ax：

Wherein A is_2-xIs the x-direction vibration displacement x of the middle point of the vibration absorption block 4₂The amplitude of (d);

the intermediate variables a, b, f and g are calculated as follows:

a＝(K₁+k₂-M₁ω²)(k₂-m₂ω²)-k₂ ²-(C₁+c₂)c₂ω²+c₂ ²ω²，

b＝(K₁+k₂-M₁ω²)c₂ω+(k₂-m₂ω²)(C₁+c₂)ω+2(K₁+k₂)c₂ω，

f＝k₂，

g＝c₂ω；；

a5 amplitude F according to A4_AxAcquiring an x-direction cutting force Fx of the inner bore turning tool:

Fx＝F_AX sin(ωt)；

a6, cutting the inner bore lathe tool in the x direction according to the step A5The cutting force Fx obtains the x-direction vibration displacement delta at the tool tip of the turning tool blade 1_x：

Preferably, the specific process of acquiring the x-direction speed and acceleration of the turning tool blade 1 at the tool tip is as follows: x-direction vibration displacement delta at the tool tip of turning tool blade 1_xThe first derivative is the x-direction speed at the tip of the turning tool blade 1, and the x-direction vibration displacement delta at the tip of the turning tool blade 1_xThe second derivative of (a) is the x-direction acceleration at the tool tip of the turning tool insert 1.

Preferably, the upper computer 9 of the third step is used for vibrating and accelerating a according to the z direction_zObtaining the Z-direction vibration displacement delta at the tool tip of the turning tool blade 1_zThe specific process is as follows:

b1, acceleration a according to the received z-direction vibration_zAcquiring z-direction vibration frequency omega by information;

B2Z-direction vibration displacement z of the midpoint of the vibration absorber 4₂Obtained as follows:

wherein z is_l1Is the vibration displacement of the middle point of the z-direction vibration sensor 3-1 in the z direction and is accelerated by the vibration a in the z direction_zObtaining a secondary integral;

l_1-zthe horizontal distance between the middle point of the z-direction vibration sensor 3-1 and the fixed end of the cantilever beam 10 is shown;

l_2-zthe horizontal distance between the middle point of the vibration absorber 4 and the fixed end of the cantilever beam 10 is shown;

b3, establishing a z-direction kinetic equation:

wherein, F_CxFor the amplitude, M, of the z-direction cutting force Fz of the bore-turning tool₁For inner bore turning tool equivalent mass, K₁For turning tools for inner holesRigidity, C₁Damping for bore tools, m₂Is the mass of the absorber mass 4, k₂Stiffness of the cantilever beam 10, c₂Damping of the cantilever beam 10; z is a radical of₁The inner bore turning tool equivalent position point is set in the cavity of the tool bar 5 and is superposed with the middle point of the vibration absorber 4 in a static state; z is a radical of₂The z-direction vibration displacement of the middle point of the vibration absorber 4 is obtained;

b4, obtaining the amplitude F of the cutting force Fz of the inner bore turning tool in the z direction according to the kinetic equation of B3_Cx：

Wherein A is_2-xIs the z-direction vibration displacement z of the middle point of the vibration absorption block 4₂The amplitude of (d);

the intermediate variables a, b, f and g are calculated as follows:

a＝(K₁+k₂-M₁ω²)(k₂-m₂ω²)-k₂ ²-(C₁+c₂)c₂ω²+c₂ ²ω²，

b＝(K₁+k₂-M₁ω²)c₂ω+(k₂-m₂ω²)(C₁+c₂)ω+2(K₁+k₂)c₂ω，

f＝k₂，

g＝c₂ω；

b5 amplitude F according to B4_CxObtaining an inner bore turning tool z-direction cutting force Fz:

Fz＝F_Cxsin(ωt)；

b6, acquiring z-direction vibration displacement delta at the tool tip of the turning tool blade 1 according to the z-direction cutting force Fz of the inner bore turning tool in the step B5_z：

Preferably, the specific process of acquiring the z-direction speed and the acceleration of the turning tool blade 1 at the tool tip is as follows: z-direction vibration displacement delta at the tip of the turning tool insert 1_zThe first derivative is the speed of the turning tool blade 1 in the z direction at the tip, and the vibration displacement delta in the z direction at the tip of the turning tool blade 1_zThe second derivative of (a) is the z-direction acceleration at the tool tip of the turning tool insert 1.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention considers the problem of online monitoring of cutting state parameters caused by limited space in the cutting process of an inner bore turning tool with a vibration reduction function, does not arrange monitoring equipment in a hole to be processed, adopts the technical scheme of installing a vibration sensor on a vibration absorption block of a cantilever at the inner side of the turning tool and combines a kinetic equation, can online monitor various parameters (such as displacement of a tool tip in three directions of x direction, y direction and z direction and cutting force of the tool tip in three directions of x direction, y direction and z direction) in cutting, provides a good monitoring means for correctly finishing deep hole cutting, and can well solve various problems encountered in inner bore processing.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vibration-damping bore lathe tool with multiple cutting state parameter monitoring functions according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an axial schematic view of an x-direction, z-direction vibration sensor distributed on a cantilever beam;

FIG. 4 is a system dynamics model;

fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the installation position of the vibration absorber and the sensing unit.

Detailed Description

The first embodiment is as follows: this embodiment is explained below with reference to fig. 1 to 5, this embodiment damping hole lathe tool with many cutting state parameter monitoring functions, including hole lathe tool and cutting state parameter sensing system, the hole lathe tool includes lathe tool blade 1, tool bit 2 and cutter arbor 5, and the front end at cutter arbor 5 is fixed to tool bit 2, and tool bit 2 is used for clamping lathe tool blade 1, cutting state parameter sensing system is used for gathering the vibration signal when 1 cutting hole of lathe tool blade to obtain cutter point department vibration displacement, speed and the acceleration state parameter of lathe tool blade 1 according to this vibration signal.

The cutting state parameter sensing system comprises a sensing unit 3, a vibration absorber 4, a signal acquisition module 6, a signal transmission module 7 and an upper computer 9,

a cavity is arranged on one side, close to the tool bit 2, of the tool bar 5, a sensing unit 3 and a vibration absorption block 4 are arranged in the cavity, the vibration absorption block 4 is fixed on the side wall, close to the tool bit, of the cavity through a cantilever beam 10, the vibration absorption block 4 can perform cantilever vibration in the cavity, the cantilever beam 10 is provided with the sensing unit 3, the sensing unit 3 is composed of an x-direction vibration sensor 3-1 and a z-direction vibration sensor 3-2, the x-direction vibration sensor 3-1 and the z-direction vibration sensor 3-2 are arranged on the same circumference of the cantilever beam at an angle of 90 degrees and used for sensing vibration information of the vibration absorption block 4, wherein the x direction is a vertical direction, and the z direction is a horizontal direction and is vertical to the axial direction of the cantilever beam;

the vibration signal is sent to the signal acquisition module 6 and is sent to the upper computer 9 through the signal transmission module 7, and the upper computer 9 calculates and obtains vibration displacement, speed and acceleration state parameters at the tool point through a kinetic equation.

The cutter bar 5 is provided with a through hole 5-1, the through hole 5-1 is communicated with the cavity at the front end and the rear box body at the rear end, and the through hole 5-1 is used for wiring between the signal acquisition module 6 and the sensing unit 3.

The cutting state parameter sensing system of the embodiment collects vibration signals and converts the vibration signals into analog signals of voltage quantity, the analog signals of the voltage quantity pass through the signal collection module, the analog signals are converted into digital signals and amplified, and the amplified vibration signals are transmitted to the upper computer 9 through the signal transmission module; the upper computer 9 can calculate and obtain the vibration displacement, speed, acceleration and other multi-state parameters of the tool tip of the turning tool blade 1.

The mode that directly gathers the vibration signal when turning tool blade 1 cuts the hole is more difficult, this embodiment adopts the mode of external sensor to realize, set up the cavity at cutter arbor 5, and connect bump 4 with cantilever beam 10, the vibration signal of cutting of turning tool blade 1 can transmit to cantilever beam 10 at the during operation, bump 4 makes its vibration that takes place to match, it is feasible means to set up x on cantilever beam 10 to vibration sensor 3-1 and z to vibration sensor 3-2 to gather the vibration signal of cutting of turning tool blade 1, the difficult problem that the hole space is little can not direct measurement has been solved to this kind of collection mode.

The second embodiment is as follows: in this embodiment, the cutting state parameter sensing system further includes a power supply module 8, and the power supply module 8 is configured to provide electric energy required by the work for the sensing unit 3, the signal acquisition module 6, and the signal transmission module 7.

The third concrete implementation mode: the first embodiment is further explained in the present embodiment, the first embodiment further includes a control housing, the control housing has a front opening and is fixed at the rear end of the cutter bar 5, and a signal acquisition module 6, a signal transmission module 7 and a power supply module 8 are arranged in the control housing.

The fourth concrete implementation mode: the method for monitoring the parameters of the vibration reduction inner bore turning tool in the multiple cutting states comprises the following steps:

step one, signal acquisition: the x-direction vibration sensor 3-1 monitors and obtains the x-direction vibration acceleration a_xZ-direction vibration acceleration a is monitored and obtained by the z-direction vibration sensor 3-2_z(ii) a The monitored vibration acceleration is collected by a signal collection module 6 and is sent to an upper computer 9 through a signal transmission module 7;

referring to fig. 2, a coordinate system is established, the axial direction of the turning tool is the y direction, the up-down direction is the x direction, the horizontal direction perpendicular to the tip of the turning tool is the z direction, and the installation diagram of the two vibration sensors is shown in fig. 3.

Step two, the upper computer 9 vibrates the acceleration a according to the x direction_xObtaining the x-direction vibration displacement delta of the tool tip of the turning tool blade 1_xSpeed and acceleration state parameters;

thirdly, the upper computer 9 vibrates according to the z-direction vibration acceleration a_zObtaining the Z-direction vibration displacement delta at the tool tip of the turning tool blade 1_zSpeed and acceleration state parameters.

The upper computer 9 in the second step vibrates according to the acceleration a in the x direction_xObtaining the x-direction vibration displacement delta of the tool tip of the turning tool blade 1_xThe specific process is as follows:

a1, according to receivingTo x-direction vibration acceleration a_xAcquiring x-direction vibration frequency omega by information;

a2 and the x-direction vibration displacement x of the middle point of the vibration absorber 4₂Obtained as follows:

reference numerals in the formulae, x, are explained with reference to FIG. 5_l1Is the vibration displacement in the x direction of the midpoint of the vibration sensor 3-1 in the x direction and the vibration acceleration a in the x direction_xObtaining a secondary integral;

l₁the horizontal distance between the middle point of the x-direction vibration sensor 3-1 and the fixed end of the cantilever beam 10 is shown;

l₂the horizontal distance between the middle point of the vibration absorber 4 and the fixed end of the cantilever beam 10 is shown;

a3, establishing an x-direction kinetic equation:

wherein, F_AxFor the magnitude of the x-direction cutting force Fx, M, of the bore-turning tool₁For inner bore turning tool equivalent mass, K₁For internal bore tool stiffness, C₁Damping for bore tools, m₂Is the mass of the absorber mass 4, k₂Stiffness of the cantilever beam 10, c₂Damping of the cantilever beam 10; x is the number of₁The inner bore turning tool equivalent position point is set in the cavity of the tool bar 5 and is superposed with the middle point of the vibration absorber 4 in a static state; x is the number of₂The displacement is the x-direction vibration displacement of the middle point of the vibration absorption block 4;

see fig. 4 for an equivalent process.

A4, obtaining the amplitude F of the cutting force Fx of the inner bore lathe tool in the x direction according to the kinetic equation of A3_Ax：

Wherein A is_2-xIs the x-direction vibration displacement x of the middle point of the vibration absorption block 4₂The amplitude of (d);

the intermediate variables a, b, f and g are calculated as follows:

a＝(K₁+k₂-M₁ω²)(k₂-m₂ω²)-k₂ ²-(C₁+c₂)c₂ω²+c₂ ²ω²，

b＝(K₁+k₂-M₁ω²)c₂ω+(k₂-m₂ω²)(C₁+c₂)ω+2(K₁+k₂)c₂ω，

f＝k₂，

g＝c₂ω；

a5 amplitude F according to A4_AxAcquiring an x-direction cutting force Fx of the inner bore turning tool:

Fx＝F_AX sin(ωt)；

a6, obtaining the x-direction vibration displacement delta at the cutter point of the turning tool blade 1 according to the x-direction cutting force Fx of the inner bore turning tool in the step A5_x：

The specific process of obtaining the x-direction speed and the acceleration of the turning tool blade 1 at the tool tip is as follows: x-direction vibration displacement delta at the tool tip of turning tool blade 1_xThe first derivative is the x-direction speed at the tip of the turning tool blade 1, and the x-direction vibration displacement delta at the tip of the turning tool blade 1_xThe second derivative of (a) is the x-direction acceleration at the tool tip of the turning tool insert 1.

The upper computer 9 in the third step vibrates according to the z-direction acceleration a_zObtaining the Z-direction vibration displacement delta at the tool tip of the turning tool blade 1_zThe specific process is similar to the second step and comprises the following steps:

b1, acceleration a according to the received z-direction vibration_zAcquiring z-direction vibration frequency omega by information;

B2Z-direction vibration displacement z of the midpoint of the vibration absorber 4₂Obtained as follows:

wherein z is_l1Is the vibration displacement of the middle point of the z-direction vibration sensor 3-1 in the z direction and is accelerated by the vibration a in the z direction_zObtaining a secondary integral;

l_1-zthe horizontal distance between the middle point of the z-direction vibration sensor 3-1 and the fixed end of the cantilever beam 10 is shown;

l_2-zthe horizontal distance between the middle point of the vibration absorber 4 and the fixed end of the cantilever beam 10 is shown;

b3, establishing a z-direction kinetic equation:

wherein, F_CxFor the amplitude, M, of the z-direction cutting force Fz of the bore-turning tool₁For inner bore turning tool equivalent mass, K₁For internal bore tool stiffness, C₁Damping for bore tools, m₂Is the mass of the absorber mass 4, k₂Stiffness of the cantilever beam 10, c₂Damping of the cantilever beam 10; z is a radical of₁The inner bore turning tool equivalent position point is set in the cavity of the tool bar 5 and is superposed with the middle point of the vibration absorber 4 in a static state; z is a radical of₂The z-direction vibration displacement of the middle point of the vibration absorber 4 is obtained;

b4, obtaining the amplitude F of the cutting force Fz of the inner bore turning tool in the z direction according to the kinetic equation of B3_Cx：

Wherein A is_2-xIs the z-direction vibration displacement z of the middle point of the vibration absorption block 4₂The amplitude of (d);

the intermediate variables a, b, f and g are calculated as follows:

a＝(K₁+k₂-M₁ω²)(k₂-m₂ω²)-k₂ ²-(C₁+c₂)c₂ω²+c₂ ²ω²，

b＝(K₁+k₂-M₁ω²)c₂ω+(k₂-m₂ω²)(C₁+c₂)ω+2(K₁+k₂)c₂ω，

f＝k₂，

g＝c₂ω；

b5 amplitude F according to B4_CxObtaining an inner bore turning tool z-direction cutting force Fz:

Fz＝F_Cxsin(ωt)；

b6, acquiring z-direction vibration displacement delta at the tool tip of the turning tool blade 1 according to the z-direction cutting force Fz of the inner bore turning tool in the step B5_z：

The specific process of acquiring the z-direction speed and the acceleration of the turning tool blade 1 at the tool tip is as follows: z-direction vibration displacement delta at the tip of the turning tool insert 1_zThe first derivative is the speed of the turning tool blade 1 in the z direction at the tip, and the vibration displacement delta in the z direction at the tip of the turning tool blade 1_zThe second derivative of (a) is the z-direction acceleration at the tool tip of the turning tool insert 1.