阅读说明：本技术 一种氧煤比控制方法 (Oxygen-coal ratio control method ) 是由 牛宏宽 罗俊杰 韩国强 孙刚 张志凯 张攀 黄浩 于 2021-08-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种氧煤比控制方法,包括以下步骤：通过大量采集单个气化炉氧煤比与有效气含量/比煤耗数据,建立最经济氧煤比理论；在建立最经济氧煤比理论后,但该氧煤比受矿点煤源、入炉煤灰熔点、烧嘴运行周期、气化炉炉况变化影响并不稳定,而通过核算反馈滞后性严重,因此需要建立适合工业生产的精确控制模式,使气化炉处于最经济氧煤比下运行。本发明解决了现有氧煤比控制方法无法对工业生产进行精确控制的问题。本发明采用最经济氧煤比控制方法,利用实时监控比煤耗的运算模块并充分应用,比煤耗降低5％左右,达到无烟粉煤气化的行业领先水平。(The invention discloses an oxygen-coal ratio control method, which comprises the following steps: establishing a most economical oxygen-coal ratio theory by collecting a large amount of data of the oxygen-coal ratio and the effective gas content/ratio coal consumption of a single gasification furnace; after the most economical oxygen-coal ratio theory is established, the oxygen-coal ratio is not stable due to the influences of the coal source at the ore point, the melting point of the coal ash entering the furnace, the operation period of the burner and the change of the furnace condition of the gasification furnace, and the feedback hysteresis is serious through accounting, so that an accurate control mode suitable for industrial production needs to be established to ensure that the gasification furnace operates at the most economical oxygen-coal ratio. The invention solves the problem that the existing oxygen-coal ratio control method can not accurately control industrial production. The invention adopts the most economical oxygen-coal ratio control method, utilizes the operation module for monitoring the specific coal consumption in real time and fully applies the operation module, reduces the specific coal consumption by about 5 percent and reaches the leading level of the industry of smokeless powdered coal gasification.)

1. The oxygen-coal ratio control method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: establishing a most economical oxygen-coal ratio theory by collecting a large amount of data of the oxygen-coal ratio and the effective gas content/ratio coal consumption of a single gasification furnace; after the most economical oxygen-coal ratio theory is established, the oxygen-coal ratio is not stable due to the influences of the coal source at the ore point, the melting point of the coal ash entering the furnace, the operation period of the burner and the change of the furnace condition of the gasification furnace, and the feedback hysteresis is serious through accounting, so that an accurate control mode suitable for industrial production needs to be established to ensure that the gasification furnace operates at the most economical oxygen-coal ratio.

2. The oxygen-coal ratio control method according to claim 1, wherein the concrete steps of establishing the most economical oxygen-coal ratio and the evidence model are as follows: after the data of the oxygen-coal ratio and the effective gas content/ratio coal consumption of a single gasification furnace are collected, the quantitative adjustment of the oxygen-coal ratio is carried out under the same coal source and the same load, the running time under the working condition of each oxygen-coal ratio is not less than 4 hours, calculating the effective gas content and specific coal consumption data under the working condition, establishing a data comparison analysis table, obtaining that the gasification operation is above the designed oxygen-coal ratio by the data comparison analysis table, along with the increase of the oxygen-coal ratio, the effective gas component slowly decreases, the specific coal consumption obviously decreases, when a certain threshold value is reached, the effective gas component begins to be greatly reduced and the specific coal consumption begins to rise, the critical point is named as the most economical oxygen-coal ratio, after the most economical oxygen-coal ratio of the gasification furnace is obtained, the other gasification furnaces are started to carry out the verification parallel test, through data acquisition in the last month, the universal rule exists on each gasification furnace, and the most economic oxygen-coal ratio theory is obtained.

3. The oxygen-coal ratio control method according to claim 1, wherein the step of establishing a precise control mode suitable for industrial production is: 1) establishing the most economical oxygen-coal ratio control interval of each coal type; 2) establishing a coarse slag form feedback mechanism to realize accurate control of the most economical oxygen-coal ratio; 3) the operation module is used for monitoring the oxygen-coal ratio in real time; 4) and a safety threshold is established to ensure the safety of industrial production.

4. The oxygen-coal ratio control method according to claim 3, wherein the establishing of the most economical oxygen-coal ratio control interval for each coal type is to obtain the most economical oxygen-coal ratio preliminary control interval for each coal ash melting point by collecting the coal ash melting point, the main data parameters for operation and the coarse slag form under each oxygen-coal ratio condition and performing a large amount of analog analysis.

5. The oxygen-coal ratio control method according to claim 3, wherein the establishing of the coarse slag form feedback mechanism to realize the accurate control of the most economical oxygen-coal ratio is to perform retention analysis on the coarse slag form in a large number of operation optimization adjustment processes, and the coarse slag form is located in the most economical oxygen-coal ratio interval under the condition that the following characteristics are met: the coarse slag does not contain coal slime basically, has good water-draining property and is mostly in a vitreous body form, so that on the basis of the coarse slag, if the coal slime content of the coarse slag is high, the oxygen-coal ratio needs to be increased slowly, and if a large amount of wire drawing is accompanied, the oxygen-coal ratio needs to be reduced slowly.

6. The oxygen-coal ratio control method of claim 3, wherein the operation module for monitoring the oxygen-coal ratio in real time is a module that a field operator can directly judge whether the set of gasification furnace is in the optimal oxygen-coal ratio control interval through real-time oxygen-coal ratio data displayed on the DCS operation interface, and make timely adjustment according to actual operation conditions.

7. The oxygen-coal ratio control method according to claim 3, wherein the establishment of the safety threshold is that after the most economical oxygen-coal ratio control interval is determined, the increase of the oxygen-coal ratio inevitably causes the temperature of the gasifier to rise, and causes potential safety hazards to equipment such as an internal coil of the gasifier, so that a safety operation threshold needs to be established, and the determination of the safety threshold can be concluded by monitoring the density of the main coil of the gasifier through operation data observation and internal inspection conditions after each operation period.

8. The oxygen-coal ratio control method according to claim 7, wherein the threshold value is determined such that the density of the main coil is not lower than 500kg/m³。

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of controlling specific coal consumption of an aerospace pulverized coal pressurized gasifier, and particularly relates to an oxygen-coal ratio control method.

Background

The oxygen-coal ratio is an important factor influencing the pressurized gasification process of the aerospace pulverized coal pressurized gasifier, and the oxygen-coal ratio is reasonable, and the stable control directly influences the conversion rate of carbon in the gasification process, thereby relating to the production cost of a factory. The DCS utilizes a double-closed-loop ratio control system in a ratio control system to establish a logic control process of oxygen flow and coal slurry flow according to a certain ratio relation, and realizes automatic and stable control of the oxygen flow and the coal slurry flow, so that the requirements of process production are met. The existing oxygen-coal ratio adopts the optimal effective gas-oxygen-coal ratio control, belongs to the oxygen-coal ratio theoretical control, but the oxygen-coal ratio is influenced by a coal source at an ore point, a melting point of coal ash entering a furnace, a running period of a burner, changes of furnace conditions of a gasification furnace and the like and is unstable, so that the existing oxygen-coal ratio control mode cannot accurately control industrial production.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defect that the existing oxygen-coal ratio control method cannot accurately control industrial production, the invention provides the oxygen-coal ratio control method which adopts the most economical oxygen-coal ratio control method, utilizes an operation module for monitoring the specific coal consumption in real time and is fully applied, reduces the specific coal consumption by about 5 percent and achieves the leading level of the industry of smokeless powdered coal gasification.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows:

an oxygen-coal ratio control method comprises the following steps: establishing a most economical oxygen-coal ratio theory by collecting a large amount of data of the oxygen-coal ratio and the effective gas content/ratio coal consumption of a single gasification furnace; after the most economical oxygen-coal ratio theory is established, the oxygen-coal ratio is not stable due to the influences of the coal source at the ore point, the melting point of the coal ash entering the furnace, the operation period of the burner and the change of the furnace condition of the gasification furnace, and the feedback hysteresis is serious through accounting, so that an accurate control mode suitable for industrial production needs to be established to ensure that the gasification furnace operates at the most economical oxygen-coal ratio.

Further, the concrete steps of establishing the most economical oxygen-coal ratio and the evidence model are as follows: after the data of the oxygen-coal ratio and the effective gas content/ratio coal consumption of a single gasification furnace are collected, the quantitative adjustment of the oxygen-coal ratio is carried out under the same coal source and the same load, the running time under the working condition of each oxygen-coal ratio is not less than 4 hours, calculating the effective gas content and specific coal consumption data under the working condition, establishing a data comparison analysis table, obtaining that the gasification operation is above the designed oxygen-coal ratio by the data comparison analysis table, along with the increase of the oxygen-coal ratio, the effective gas component slowly decreases, the specific coal consumption obviously decreases, when a certain threshold value is reached, the effective gas component begins to be greatly reduced and the specific coal consumption begins to rise, the critical point is named as the most economical oxygen-coal ratio, after the most economical oxygen-coal ratio of the gasification furnace is obtained, the other gasification furnaces are started to carry out the verification parallel test, through data acquisition in the last month, the universal rule exists on each gasification furnace, and the most economic oxygen-coal ratio theory is obtained.

Further, the step of establishing a precise control mode suitable for industrial production is: 1) establishing the most economical oxygen-coal ratio control interval of each coal type; 2) establishing a coarse slag form feedback mechanism to realize accurate control of the most economical oxygen-coal ratio; 3) the operation module is used for monitoring the oxygen-coal ratio in real time; 4) and a safety threshold is established to ensure the safety of industrial production.

Furthermore, the establishing of the most economical oxygen-coal ratio control intervals of various coals is to obtain the most economical oxygen-coal ratio preliminary control intervals of various coal ash melting points by collecting the coal ash melting points, the main operation data parameters and the coarse slag forms under various oxygen-coal ratio working conditions and carrying out a large amount of analog analysis.

Furthermore, the establishing of the coarse slag form feedback mechanism to realize the accurate control of the most economical oxygen-coal ratio is to perform retention analysis on the coarse slag form in a large number of operation optimization and adjustment processes, and the coarse slag form is located in the most economical oxygen-coal ratio interval under the condition that the coarse slag form meets the following characteristics: the coarse slag does not contain coal slime basically, has good water-draining property and is mostly in a vitreous body form, so that on the basis of the coarse slag, if the coal slime content of the coarse slag is high, the oxygen-coal ratio needs to be increased slowly, and if a large amount of wire drawing is accompanied, the oxygen-coal ratio needs to be reduced slowly.

Furthermore, the operation module for monitoring the oxygen-coal ratio in real time is that an on-site operator can directly judge whether the set of gasification furnace is in the optimal oxygen-coal ratio control interval or not through real-time oxygen-coal ratio data displayed on a DCS operation interface, and timely adjust the gasification furnace according to actual operation conditions.

Furthermore, the safety threshold is established by determining the most economical oxygen-coal ratio control interval, and increasing the oxygen-coal ratio inevitably causes the temperature of the gasification furnace to rise, and causes potential safety hazards to equipment such as coils inside the gasification furnace, so that a safety operation threshold needs to be established, and the safety threshold can be determined by monitoring the density of the main coils of the gasification furnace through operation data observation and internal inspection conditions after each operation period.

Preferably, the threshold is determined as the density of the main coil not less than 500kg/m³。

The invention changes the original optimal effective gas-oxygen-coal ratio control and the designed oxygen-coal ratio control, innovatively provides the most economical oxygen-coal ratio control theory, adopts management modes of optimizing the oxygen-coal ratio control method, monitoring the coarse slag form at regular time, accounting the cold gas efficiency of the gasification furnace at real time and the like, and formulates an operation module for monitoring the specific coal consumption in real time, thereby realizing the accurate control of the most economical oxygen-coal ratio, reducing the specific coal consumption from 620kg standard coal to 588kg standard coal and leading the specific coal consumption to the industry of smokeless powdered coal gasification.

Drawings

The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 shows comparison data of oxygen-coal ratio of each furnace and effective gas content of raw synthesis gas (0.77 is designed oxygen-coal ratio);

FIG. 2 is the comparison data of oxygen-coal ratio and specific coal consumption of each furnace.

Detailed Description

The oxygen-coal ratio control method of the embodiment comprises the following steps: establishing a most economical oxygen-coal ratio theory by collecting a large amount of data of the oxygen-coal ratio and the effective gas content/ratio coal consumption of a single gasification furnace; after the most economical oxygen-coal ratio theory is established, the oxygen-coal ratio is not stable due to the influences of the coal source at the ore point, the melting point of the coal ash entering the furnace, the operation period of the burner and the change of the furnace condition of the gasification furnace, and the feedback hysteresis is serious through accounting, so that an accurate control mode suitable for industrial production needs to be established to ensure that the gasification furnace operates at the most economical oxygen-coal ratio.

Further, the concrete steps of establishing the most economical oxygen-coal ratio and the evidence model are as follows: after the data of the oxygen-coal ratio and the effective gas content/ratio coal consumption of a single gasification furnace are collected, the quantitative adjustment of the oxygen-coal ratio is carried out under the same coal source and the same load, the running time under the working condition of each oxygen-coal ratio is not less than 4 hours, calculating the effective gas content and specific coal consumption data under the working condition, establishing a data comparison analysis table, obtaining that the gasification operation is above the designed oxygen-coal ratio by the data comparison analysis table, along with the increase of the oxygen-coal ratio, the effective gas component slowly decreases, the specific coal consumption obviously decreases, when a certain threshold value is reached, the effective gas component begins to be greatly reduced and the specific coal consumption begins to rise, the critical point is named as the most economical oxygen-coal ratio, after the most economical oxygen-coal ratio of the gasification furnace is obtained, the other gasification furnaces are started to carry out the verification parallel test, through data acquisition in the last month, the universal rule exists on each gasification furnace, and the most economic oxygen-coal ratio theory is obtained.

Further, the step of establishing a precise control mode suitable for industrial production is: 1) establishing the most economical oxygen-coal ratio control interval of each coal type; 2) establishing a coarse slag form feedback mechanism to realize accurate control of the most economical oxygen-coal ratio; 3) the operation module is used for monitoring the oxygen-coal ratio in real time; 4) and a safety threshold is established to ensure the safety of industrial production.

Furthermore, the establishing of the most economical oxygen-coal ratio control intervals of various coals is to obtain the most economical oxygen-coal ratio preliminary control intervals of various coal ash melting points by collecting the coal ash melting points, the main operation data parameters and the coarse slag forms under various oxygen-coal ratio working conditions and carrying out a large amount of analog analysis.

Furthermore, the establishing of the coarse slag form feedback mechanism to realize the accurate control of the most economical oxygen-coal ratio is to perform retention analysis on the coarse slag form in a large number of operation optimization and adjustment processes, and the coarse slag form is located in the most economical oxygen-coal ratio interval under the condition that the coarse slag form meets the following characteristics: the coarse slag does not contain coal slime basically, has good water-draining property and is mostly in a vitreous body form, so that on the basis of the coarse slag, if the coal slime content of the coarse slag is high, the oxygen-coal ratio needs to be increased slowly, and if a large amount of wire drawing is accompanied, the oxygen-coal ratio needs to be reduced slowly.

Furthermore, the operation module for monitoring the oxygen-coal ratio in real time is that an on-site operator can directly judge whether the set of gasification furnace is in the optimal oxygen-coal ratio control interval or not through real-time oxygen-coal ratio data displayed on a DCS operation interface, and timely adjust the gasification furnace according to actual operation conditions.

Furthermore, the safety threshold is established by determining the most economical oxygen-coal ratio control interval, and increasing the oxygen-coal ratio inevitably causes the temperature of the gasification furnace to rise, and causes potential safety hazards to equipment such as coils inside the gasification furnace, so that a safety operation threshold needs to be established, and the safety threshold can be determined by monitoring the density of the main coils of the gasification furnace through operation data observation and internal inspection conditions after each operation period.

Preferably, the threshold is determined as the density of the main coil not less than 500kg/m³。

The concrete examples of the company are as follows:

(1) through a large amount of data comparative analysis, the most economical oxygen-coal ratio model is established

Establishing data comparison research on the oxygen-coal ratio and the effective gas content/coal consumption ratio, starting with single-furnace optimization research, carrying out quantitative adjustment on the oxygen-coal ratio under the same coal source and the same load, wherein the running time under each oxygen-coal ratio working condition is not less than 4 hours, accounting the effective gas content, the effective gas consumption and other data under the working condition, and establishing a data comparison analysis table. Through the optimization research of single furnace operation, on the basis of designing the oxygen-coal ratio, the effective gas content is slowly reduced along with the gradual increase of the oxygen-coal ratio, but the specific coal consumption is synchronously reduced. And in the interval of 0.84-0.87, the effective gas component has an obvious inflection point, namely above the oxygen-coal ratio, the effective gas component is greatly reduced, and then the specific coal consumption is gradually increased. After the data of a single gasifier is obtained, the parallel verification test is carried out on other gasifiers, and the general rule exists on each gasifier through data acquisition in a month.

Therefore, an important conclusion is drawn: the gasification operation is above the designed oxygen-coal ratio, the effective gas component slowly decreases along with the increase of the oxygen-coal ratio, the specific coal consumption obviously decreases, when reaching a certain threshold value, the effective gas component begins to decrease greatly and the specific coal consumption begins to increase,this critical point is named "most economical oxygen to coal ratio". The principle is that when the most economical oxygen-coal ratio is reached, carbon in the coal is basically completely reacted, and then when the oxygen-coal ratio is increased, redundant oxygen can react with CO and H in the coal gas₂And reacting, thereby leading to rapid and large reduction of effective gas components. The test data are shown in fig. 1 and 2.

(2) Establishing the most economical oxygen-coal ratio control mode

After the most economical oxygen-coal ratio theory and the evidence model are established, the accurate control of industrial production needs to be further realized, so that the gasification furnace operates at the most economical oxygen-coal ratio as far as possible. However, the oxygen-coal ratio is not stable due to the influence of the coal source of the ore deposit, the melting point of the coal ash entering the furnace, the operation period of the burner, the change of the furnace condition of the gasification furnace and the like, and the hysteresis is serious through accounting, so that an accurate control mode suitable for industrial production needs to be established.

1) Establishing the most economical oxygen-coal ratio control interval of various coal types through data statistics

In the experimental research process, the melting point of the coal ash entering the furnace, the main operation data parameters and the coarse slag form under each oxygen-coal ratio working condition are collected at the same time, and the most economic oxygen-coal ratio primary control interval under each coal ash entering the furnace melting point is obtained through a large amount of analog analysis:

TABLE 1 corresponding table of most economical oxygen-coal ratio of anthracite coal at melting point of coal ash

Note: the difference between the melting points of the coal ash entering the furnace after the auxiliary agent is added into the temple river 2# well mine and the Chengzhuang mine is larger.

2) Establishing a coarse slag form feedback mechanism to realize the accurate control of the most economical oxygen-coal ratio

Through the retention analysis of the coarse slag form in a large number of operation optimization and adjustment processes, the coarse slag form is basically located in the most economical oxygen-coal ratio interval under the condition that the coarse slag form meets the following characteristics:

the coarse slag does not contain coal slime basically, has good water-draining property and is mostly in a vitreous form.

Therefore, in addition to this, if the coal slime content of the coarse slag is large, the oxygen-coal ratio needs to be increased slowly, and if the coarse slag is accompanied by a large amount of wire drawing, the oxygen-coal ratio needs to be decreased slowly.

3) Operation module for establishing real-time monitoring oxygen-coal ratio according to oxygen-coal ratio calculation mode

The field operator can directly judge whether the set of gasification furnace is in the optimal oxygen-coal ratio control interval or not through the real-time oxygen-coal ratio data displayed on the DCS operation interface, and timely adjust the set of gasification furnace according to the actual operation condition.

4) Establish a safety threshold value to ensure the safety of industrial production

On the basis, after the most economic oxygen-coal ratio control interval is determined, the furnace temperature of the gasification furnace is inevitably increased by increasing the oxygen-coal ratio, and potential safety hazards are caused to equipment such as a coil pipe in the gasification furnace, so that a safety operation threshold value needs to be set, and the determination of the safety threshold value can be realized by monitoring the density of a main coil pipe of the gasification furnace through operation data observation and internal inspection conditions after each operation period. Determining the threshold value as the density of the main coil pipe not less than 500kg/m³。

(3) Comparison of technical combinations

By realizing the economic operation of controlling the most economic oxygen-coal ratio of the anthracite, the economy of the gasification device is greatly improved, the key performance indexes after operation optimization are greatly superior to the design values, the coal consumption of the thousand-square purified gas ratio is reduced from 620kg standard coal to 588kg standard coal, reduced by 32kg standard coal and reduced by 5.16% (the calorific value of raw material coal is 5769Kcal), and the economic operation is basically equivalent to that of an aerospace furnace taking bituminous coal as coal after being converted into the standard coal. Meanwhile, the carbon conversion rate is as high as 98.6% (designed 98%), and the cold gas efficiency is 81.1% (designed 80%). Meanwhile, the anthracite has the following advantages which are not possessed by the bituminous coal after the operation is optimized:

1) the reaction furnace has high temperature, the proportion of coarse slag and fine slag is as high as 5:1, and the difficulty in recycling fine slag of the space furnace is greatly reduced.

2) The discharge amount of the wastewater is low, 1500 tons of raw coal are treated in a single furnace per day, and the discharge amount of the wastewater in the single furnace is 25 tons per hour; the ratio of discharged wastewater in the treatment of coal per ton is as high as 0.4, which is far lower than that of bituminous coal by about 0.8-1, and the content of wastewater pollutants is low, so that the sewage treatment pressure and the desalted water replenishing amount are greatly reduced.