阅读说明：本技术 呼吸填料及潜流人工湿地净化系统 (Breathing filler and subsurface flow constructed wetland purification system ) 是由 马骏超 吴书鑫 盛晟 李华斌 叶更强 于 2021-08-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种呼吸填料及潜流人工湿地净化系统。本发明适用于生态环境工程技术领域。本发明的技术方案为一种呼吸填料,具有泡沫浮球,泡沫浮球外表面覆盖有天然斜发沸石层,天然斜发沸石层外表面由钢丝网固定。所述泡沫浮球直径为5cm；所述天然斜发沸石层粒径为0.2-0.3cm,厚度为1.5cm；所述钢丝网网孔D×H＝0.1cm×0.1cm。一种潜流人工湿地净化系统,具有进水控制机构、填料井和出水控制机构,其中填料井内底部设有卵石承托层,该填料井内、卵石承托层上方设有水体净化模块和若干所述呼吸填料；所述进水控制机构的出水口对应所述填料井内的卵石承托层上方区域,所述出水控制机构的进水口对应填料井内的卵石承托层。(The invention relates to a breathing filler and an undercurrent artificial wetland purification system. The invention is suitable for the technical field of ecological environment engineering. The technical scheme of the invention is that the breathing filler is provided with a foam floating ball, the outer surface of the foam floating ball is covered with a natural clinoptilolite layer, and the outer surface of the natural clinoptilolite layer is fixed by a steel wire mesh. The diameter of the foam floating ball is 5 cm; the particle size of the natural clinoptilolite layer is 0.2-0.3cm, and the thickness of the natural clinoptilolite layer is 1.5 cm; the meshes of the steel wire mesh are DXH which is 0.1cm multiplied by 0.1 cm. A subsurface flow constructed wetland purification system comprises a water inlet control mechanism, a filler well and a water outlet control mechanism, wherein a pebble bearing layer is arranged at the bottom in the filler well, and a water body purification module and a plurality of breathing fillers are arranged in the filler well and above the pebble bearing layer; the water outlet of the water inlet control mechanism corresponds to an area above the pebble bearing layer in the packing well, and the water inlet of the water outlet control mechanism corresponds to the pebble bearing layer in the packing well.)

1. A breather filler, characterized in that: the device is provided with a foam floating ball, the outer surface of the foam floating ball is covered with a natural clinoptilolite layer, and the outer surface of the natural clinoptilolite layer is fixed by a steel wire mesh.

2. The breather filler of claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the foam floating ball is 5 cm; the particle size of the natural clinoptilolite layer is 0.2-0.3cm, and the thickness of the natural clinoptilolite layer is 1.5 cm; the meshes of the steel wire mesh are DXH which is 0.1cm multiplied by 0.1 cm.

3. The undercurrent artificial wetland purification system is characterized in that: the device is provided with a water inlet control mechanism, a filling well and a water outlet control mechanism, wherein a pebble bearing layer is arranged at the bottom in the filling well, and a water body purification module and a plurality of breathing fillers as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 are arranged in the filling well and above the pebble bearing layer;

the water outlet of the water inlet control mechanism corresponds to an area above the pebble bearing layer in the packing well, and the water inlet of the water outlet control mechanism corresponds to the pebble bearing layer in the packing well.

4. The subsurface flow constructed wetland purification system of claim 3, wherein: the water inlet control mechanism is provided with a water inlet pipe connected with the filler well and a flow rate regulating valve arranged on the water inlet pipe.

5. The subsurface flow constructed wetland purification system of claim 3, wherein: the water purification module adopts an ecological floating bed which is provided with a solid foam board and emergent aquatic plants which are planted on the solid foam board and can purify water.

6. The subsurface flow constructed wetland purification system of claim 5, wherein: the ecological floating bed is suspended above the filler well by the elastic ropes between the peripheral edges and the wall of the filler well.

7. The subsurface flow constructed wetland purification system of claim 3, wherein: the water outlet control mechanism comprises a water inlet pipe of a flow making device, a flow making device and a water outlet pipe of the flow making device which are sequentially connected to the filling well.

8. The subsurface flow constructed wetland purification system of claim 7, wherein: and a liquid level controller is arranged in the flow making device, and the liquid level controller can control the internal water quantity of the artificial wetland purification system according to the expected calculated artificial wetland reoxygenation efficiency and regularly and instantly drain water.

9. The subsurface flow constructed wetland purification system of claim 3, wherein: the inflow velocity of the filler well meets the condition that the water body in the filler well forms a turbulent flow state, so that the breathing filler is distributed disorderly on the vertical height and the horizontal plane and is fully contacted with the water body.

10. The subsurface flow constructed wetland purification system of claim 3, wherein: pebbles with the grain diameter of 10-15cm are adopted at the bottom of the pebble supporting layer material well.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a breathing filler and an undercurrent artificial wetland purification system. Is applicable to the technical field of ecological environment engineering.

Background

The artificial wetland is a technology for treating sewage by using the three-fold synergistic effect of soil, artificial filler, plants and physical and chemical organisms of microorganisms in the process that the sewage flows along a certain direction.

With the deep development of ecological environment management in China, the constructed wetland has been widely applied to the treatment of various types of sewage, such as domestic sewage, industrial wastewater, agricultural wastewater, tail water of sewage treatment plants and the like, due to the characteristics of simple process, lower investment cost and construction operation and maintenance cost, stable and effective sewage treatment effect, natural ecology and the like.

At present, the water distribution mode of the traditional artificial wetland mainly comprises a surface flow artificial wetland, a horizontal subsurface flow artificial wetland and a vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland. Although the surface flow constructed wetland has simple operation management and low investment cost, the treatment efficiency is low, the occupied area is large and the surface flow constructed wetland is easily influenced by external natural conditions; although the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland can effectively remove COD, SS and TP in sewage, the matrix in the wetland is in a submerged state for a long time, the reoxygenation effect is poor, the substrate is in an anaerobic state for a long time, the decomposition of organic matters and the nitration reaction are not facilitated, and the removal effect on TN is poor; in the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland, sewage flows in a unsaturated manner in the matrix due to the action of gravity, so that the reoxygenation effect is better than that of horizontal subsurface flow, but the removal effect of high-concentration organic matters and nitrogen cannot be met. Therefore, the tidal flow artificial wetland is formed on the basis of the vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland, and the operation mode is as follows: under the drive of the liquid level controller, sewage is periodically soaked by the filler, oxygen is sucked into wetland matrix through the gap suction force generated by the change of the soaking surface of the bed body in tidal operation, the oxygen transmission efficiency is improved, the oxygen required by pollutant degradation is ensured, and the wetland operation treatment effect is further improved.

Besides the reoxygenation effect, the permeability is also one of the important factors influencing the operation effect of the constructed wetland. According to engineering practical experience, after the constructed wetland system is operated for a long time, the porosity and the hydraulic conductivity of the filler layer are both obviously reduced, the system is blocked, and most of the blocked part is the middle-upper layer of the matrix. In engineering application, the filler layer of the artificial wetland is generally required to be dredged and cleaned regularly, so that the influence on the normal operation effect due to blockage is prevented. The subsequent work caused by the blockage of the filler can greatly increase the operation and maintenance cost of the artificial wetland, so that a more flexible artificial wetland filler operation mechanism is needed, the blockage phenomenon is reduced, and the operation and maintenance cost is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems, the respiratory filler and the subsurface flow constructed wetland purification system are provided.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the breathing filler has floating foam ball, which has outer surface covered with inclined natural zeolite layer fixed with steel wire net.

The diameter of the foam floating ball is 5 cm; the particle size of the natural clinoptilolite layer is 0.2-0.3cm, and the thickness of the natural clinoptilolite layer is 1.5 cm; the meshes of the steel wire mesh are DXH which is 0.1cm multiplied by 0.1 cm.

A subsurface flow constructed wetland purification system comprises a water inlet control mechanism, a filler well and a water outlet control mechanism, wherein a pebble bearing layer is arranged at the bottom in the filler well, and a water body purification module and a plurality of breathing fillers are arranged in the filler well and above the pebble bearing layer;

the water outlet of the water inlet control mechanism corresponds to an area above the pebble bearing layer in the packing well, and the water inlet of the water outlet control mechanism corresponds to the pebble bearing layer in the packing well.

The water inlet control mechanism is provided with a water inlet pipe connected with the filler well and a flow rate regulating valve arranged on the water inlet pipe.

The water purification module adopts an ecological floating bed which is provided with a solid foam board and emergent aquatic plants which are planted on the solid foam board and can purify water.

The ecological floating bed is suspended above the filler well by the elastic ropes between the peripheral edges and the wall of the filler well.

The water outlet control mechanism comprises a water inlet pipe of a flow making device, a flow making device and a water outlet pipe of the flow making device which are sequentially connected to the filling well.

And a liquid level controller is arranged in the flow making device, and the liquid level controller can control the internal water quantity of the artificial wetland purification system according to the expected calculated artificial wetland reoxygenation efficiency and regularly and instantly drain water.

The inflow velocity of the filler well meets the condition that the water body in the filler well forms a turbulent flow state, so that the breathing filler is distributed disorderly on the vertical height and the horizontal plane and is fully contacted with the water body.

Pebbles with the grain diameter of 10-15cm are adopted at the bottom of the pebble supporting layer material well.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the breathing filler is composed of the steel wire mesh, the natural clinoptilolite layer and the foam floating ball, and can uniformly float on the water body in the filler well and fully contact with the water body because the whole density of the breathing filler is smaller than that of water.

The invention combines the advantages of the tidal flow artificial wetland operation mode and the physical characteristics of the breathing filler to form the subsurface flow artificial wetland purification system adopting the breathing filler, and provides sufficient oxygen sources for the artificial wetland by controlling the operation time of the tidal flow of the subsurface flow artificial wetland. Meanwhile, by utilizing the physical characteristics of the breathing filler, unique dynamic balance is formed in the filler well, so that the filler is fully contacted with the sewage to be treated, the influence of suspended particles in the sewage is avoided, and the sewage treatment effect of the artificial wetland is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view (no water state) of the subsurface flow constructed wetland purification system in the embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view (full water state) of the subsurface flow constructed wetland purification system in the embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of the subsurface flow constructed wetland purification system in the embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the breathing filler in the embodiment.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the ecological floating bed structure of the present invention.

1. A water inlet pipe; 2. a flow rate regulating valve; 3. breathing filler; 301. steel wire mesh; 302. a natural clinoptilolite layer; 303. a foam floating ball; 4. an ecological floating bed; 401. planting holes; 402. a vent hole; 5. a pebble bearing layer; 6. a water inlet pipe of the flow generator; 7. a flow making device; 8. and a water outlet pipe of the flow generator.

Detailed Description

The embodiment is an undercurrent constructed wetland purification system, which comprises a water inlet control mechanism, a filler well and a water outlet control mechanism, wherein after untreated sewage enters the filler well through the water inlet control mechanism, pollutants in the sewage are absorbed and degraded in the filler well, and a purified water body is discharged through the water outlet control mechanism.

The filling well in the embodiment is of a cuboid structure, the depth of the interior of the filling well is 1.5m, the interior of the filling well is divided into a plurality of filling well units through a steel wire mesh, a pebble supporting layer is arranged at the bottom of each filling well unit, the pebble supporting layer 5 is uniformly and flatly laid at the bottom of the filling well, pebbles with the particle size of 10-15cm are adopted, and the laying thickness is 0.3 m; the upper part of the pebble bearing layer is provided with a breathing filler layer formed by a plurality of breathing fillers; the upper part of the breathing packing layer is provided with a water body purification module. Divide into a plurality of filler well units through the wire net with filler well inside in this embodiment, can effectively prevent to breathe the filler and pile up, guarantee to breathe filler ability evenly distributed in filler well basically.

The breathing filler in the embodiment comprises three parts, namely a steel wire mesh, a natural clinoptilolite layer and a foam floating ball, wherein the foam floating ball is arranged at the center of the breathing filler and has the diameter of 5 cm; the outer surface of the foam floating ball is covered by a natural clinoptilolite layer, the particle size of the zeolite is 0.2-0.3cm, and the covering thickness is 0.5 cm; the outer surface of the natural clinoptilolite layer is fixed by a steel wire mesh, and the mesh D multiplied by H is 0.1cm multiplied by 0.1 cm. In the embodiment, the whole density of the breathing filler is slightly less than that of water, and the breathing filler can uniformly float on the water body of the filler well and fully contact with the water body.

In the case that the breathing filler layer is in a water-free state, the thickness of the breathing filler layer (namely the thickness of all the breathing seasonings accumulated in the filler well) is 0.4 m; under the full water state, the thickness of the breathing filler layer (namely the water level height of the breathing filler layer when the water level is full, the breathing filler floats in the water body of the breathing filler layer) is 1.2 m.

In the embodiment, the water inlet control mechanism is positioned at the front end of the wetland filler well and consists of a water inlet pipe and a flow rate regulating valve arranged on the water inlet pipe, the water inlet pipe and the filler well units are in one-to-one correspondence and communicated with the filler well units, and the water outlet of the water inlet pipe corresponds to the breathing filler layer in the filler well units.

In the embodiment, the specific flow rate of the artificial wetland is calculated according to the hydraulic load and the retention time and is controlled by a flow rate regulating valve. Meanwhile, the inflow flow rate is required to meet the condition that the water body in each filler well unit forms a turbulent flow state, so that the breathing fillers are distributed randomly on the vertical height and the horizontal plane and are fully contacted with the water body.

The water outlet control mechanism is positioned at the rear part of the filler well and consists of a flow generator water inlet pipe, a flow generator and a flow generator water outlet pipe. The water inlet pipes of the flow making devices correspond to the packing well units one by one and are communicated with the packing well units, the water inlets of the water inlet pipes of the flow making devices correspond to the pebble bearing layers in the packing well units, the water inlet pipes of the flow making devices are communicated with the flow making devices, the liquid level control instruments are arranged in the flow making devices, the internal water quantity of the artificial wetland purification system is controlled according to the calculated artificial wetland reoxygenation efficiency, and the water is drained at regular intervals in the instant, so that the tidal flow of the artificial wetland purification system for regular drainage is formed. The water outlet pipe of the water making device is communicated with the water making device, is lower than the water inlet pipe of the water making device and is directly communicated with an external water outlet, and the purified water body is periodically discharged.

In this embodiment be equipped with water purification module above breathing the packing layer, water purification module adopts the ecology to float the bed, and the ecology floats the bed and comprises solid cystosepiment and emergent aquatic plant, and solid cystosepiment thickness is 0.2m, and the air vent of a plurality of squares of middle evenly distributed, other positions are beaten the planting hole and are planted emergent aquatic plant. Selecting aquatic plants with good planting landscape and strong pollution resistance from the emergent aquatic plants, wherein the aquatic plants comprise calamus flavus, thalictrum ramosissimum, paradise, vetiver grass and the like, and configuring different plants on the surface of the artificial wetland filler well to form a good landscape; meanwhile, a developed root system is formed after the plants root, nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants are removed by utilizing the adsorption and assimilation effects of root microorganisms, and the effect of purifying the water body is achieved.

In the embodiment, the breathing filler layer is suspended above the filler well by the elastic ropes between the four corners around the ecological floating bed and the wall of the filler well in a water-free state; when the breathing filler layer reaches a certain degree, the ecological floating bed floats on the water surface.

The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: according to the reoxygenation rate of the artificial wetland, when the flow generator does not reach the set drainage water amount, the artificial wetland is in a relatively closed state, namely the packing well only has water inflow and does not have water outflow, the breathing packing is smaller than water in density and uniformly floats on the water body of the packing well, and the water body forms a turbulent flow state in the packing well through the control of the flow rate of the water inlet pipe, so that the breathing packing is driven to move in the packing well in a disordered manner, the occurrence of the blocking phenomenon of the packing layer is favorably prevented, and the contact between the packing and the sewage to be treated is increased. Even if the breathing filler is operated for a long time, a microbial film is formed on the surface of the breathing filler, the density of the breathing filler is gradually higher than that of water, the turbulent flow state of the water body in the filler well is enhanced by adjusting the flow rate of the water inlet pipe, and the motion state of the breathing filler in the filler well can be still maintained. When the water quantity accumulated in the filler well reaches the set water drainage quantity, the flow generator instantly discharges the water body from the water outlet of the flow generator, the artificial wetland purification system is changed back to the water-free state, and meanwhile, the breathing filler in the filler well is fully contacted with the air, so that the reoxygenation efficiency of the artificial wetland is improved.