阅读说明：本技术 一种阵列贴片式无线电引信 (Array patch type radio fuse ) 是由 王俊伟 杨建红 任丽军 师雪瑞 柴丁 于 2021-08-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种阵列贴片天线的无线电引信,包括阵列贴片天线、多通道调频连续波收发电路、信号处理电路。阵列天线可实现波束形成,比单天线方式探测目标更加灵活,多天线的结构支持比相测角,可获得距离、速度之外的角度信息。本发明可在体积允许范围内,实现引信更好的探测效果。(The invention discloses a radio fuse of an array patch antenna, which comprises the array patch antenna, a multi-channel frequency modulation continuous wave receiving and transmitting circuit and a signal processing circuit. The array antenna can realize beam forming, is more flexible than a single antenna mode for detecting a target, and the structure of the multi-antenna supports phase comparison angle measurement, so that angle information beyond distance and speed can be obtained. The invention can realize better detection effect of the fuse within the allowable range of the volume.)

1. An array patch type radio fuse is characterized in that: the multi-channel receiving and transmitting circuit transmits signals through the transmitting antenna, receives multi-channel echo signals through the array patch receiving antenna, and sends the received multi-channel echo signals to the signal processing circuit to perform digital beam forming and phase comparison angle measurement calculation;

the array patch receiving antenna is an array formed by a plurality of patch antennas, so that a multi-channel array receiving antenna is formed, and each receiving channel in the circuit corresponds to one array element in the array receiving antenna.

2. The array patch radio fuse of claim 1, wherein: the transmitting antenna adopts a patch antenna, and the antenna is in a single or array form.

3. The array patch radio fuse of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the array patch antenna, the transmitting antenna and the multi-channel transceiver circuit are manufactured on the same PCB and manufactured by the same PCB process.

4. The array patch radio fuse of claim 1, wherein: the transmitting antenna adopts a patch antenna, the digital beam forming is to compensate the phase difference caused by the propagation wave path difference caused by different space positions of the patch receiving antenna for the incident signal in a certain direction for the multi-channel echo signal, and then the in-phase superposition is carried out, thereby realizing the maximum energy receiving in the direction and finishing the beam forming in the direction.

5. The array patch radio fuse of claim 1, wherein: when the digital wave beam is formed, the wave beam points to different directions by changing the weight of the echo signal of each channel, and the scanning of the wave beam is realized.

6. The array patch radio fuse of claim 1, wherein: the parallel processing of multi-channel echo signals realizes the simultaneous formation of a plurality of beams, and the side lobe level of each beam is reduced through different window functions.

7. The array patch radio fuse of claim 1, wherein:

the phase comparison angle measurement is to measure the angle by using the phase difference between the echo signals received by a plurality of channels, compare the phase of the echo signals by using a phase meter, and measure the phase difference between the echo signals of two channelsThe target direction theta, azimuth, can be determinedd is the spacing of the two channel patch receiving antennas and λ is the wavelength of the echo signal.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of radio fuses, and particularly relates to an array patch type radio fuse for multi-channel wireless reception.

Background

The fuze is a device for performing detonation control, ignition control and attitude control on ammunition on the premise of ensuring safety of the ammunition at ordinary times and in launching by utilizing environmental information, target information or according to preset conditions. To a certain extent, the performance of the detonator directly determines the destructive efficacy of the weapon system. With the continuous development of radar technology, the fuze evolves a radio fuze by adopting the radar technology, and information such as target distance, relative speed, target angle and the like is mainly acquired by using a target echo signal. The FM radio fuse is a constant amplitude continuous wave radio fuse whose transmission signal frequency is changed according to modulation signal rule, and its explosion height does not depend on the strength of target electromagnetic wave reflection capability, but is positioned by means of frequency of echo, so that it has the advantages of high spacing precision, less explosion height dispersion, high receiver sensitivity, low working voltage, simple structure and strong anti-interference capability. Based on the advantages, the fuze with the system is widely applied to weapon systems.

The frequency modulation radio fuse adopts a linear frequency modulation system, and adopts a circuit structure of multiple sending and multiple receiving in order to meet the requirement of multiple functions. The single-antenna fuze only has one receiving channel, speed and distance information can be solved, but angle information of a target cannot be obtained, the single antenna cannot perform beam forming, direction switching of beams cannot be realized in a digital domain, and the multi-antenna fuze with good anti-interference performance and without supporting beam switching has a good effect. Compared with a single antenna, the array antenna can acquire signals received by each antenna, each antenna corresponds to one receiving channel, more information of a target can be acquired through multi-channel receiving, the direction of an antenna beam can be changed by utilizing a multi-receiving digital beam forming technology, in addition, the angle information of the target is acquired through phase differences among multiple antennas, and in the anti-interference application, the interference signals can be avoided through digital beam forming.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems of fuze angle measurement, beam forming and interference resistance, and provides a radio fuze of an array patch antenna, which structurally supports multi-channel receiving and enhances the function and performance of the fuze.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an array patch radio fuse, including: the array patch receiving antenna, the transmitting antenna, the multichannel receiving and transmitting circuit and the signal processing circuit are adopted, the multichannel receiving and transmitting circuit transmits signals through the transmitting antenna, receives multichannel echo signals through the array patch receiving antenna, and sends the received multichannel echo signals to the signal processing circuit to perform digital beam forming and phase comparison angle measurement calculation;

the array patch receiving antenna is an array formed by a plurality of patch antennas, so that a multi-channel array receiving antenna is formed, and each receiving channel in the circuit corresponds to one array element in the array receiving antenna.

Further, the transmitting antenna is a patch antenna, and the antenna is in a single or array form.

The radio fuze of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the array patch antenna, the transmitting antenna and the multi-channel transceiver circuit are manufactured on the same PCB and manufactured by the same PCB process.

Furthermore, the transmitting antenna adopts a patch antenna, the digital beam forming is to compensate the phase difference caused by propagation path difference caused by different space positions of the patch receiving antenna for the incident signal of a certain direction for the multi-channel echo signal, and then the in-phase superposition is carried out, thereby realizing the maximum energy receiving in the direction and completing the beam forming in the direction.

Furthermore, when the digital beam is formed, the beam is directed to different directions by changing the weight of the echo signal of each channel, and the scanning of the beam is realized.

Furthermore, the parallel processing of the multi-channel echo signals realizes the simultaneous formation of a plurality of beams, and the side lobe level of each beam is reduced through different window functions.

Further, the phase comparison angle measurement is performed by measuring the phase difference between echo signals received by a plurality of channels, comparing the phase difference between the echo signals by using a phase meter, and measuring the phase difference between the echo signals of the two channelsThe target direction theta, azimuth, can be determinedd is the spacing of the two channel patch receiving antennas and λ is the wavelength of the echo signal.

Advantageous effects

The invention can realize digital beam forming of the radio fuse of the built-in array patch antenna, can achieve optimal receiving in the appointed direction through digital domain phase adjustment, supports the phase comparison angle measurement algorithm, is more flexible than a single antenna mode for detecting the target, and can obtain the angle information beyond the distance and the speed. The array patch antenna and the circuit are manufactured by the same PCB process, and the patch antenna has small size in a millimeter wave system, can achieve better detection effect of a fuse within a volume allowable range.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional single receive antenna fuze.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the multiple receive antenna fuze of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a radio fuze system for an array patch antenna of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the patch array antenna of the present invention forming beams with different orientations.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a phase angle measurement algorithm.

Detailed Description

The following describes in detail embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the array patch radio fuse of the present invention includes an array patch receiving antenna 1, a patch transmitting antenna 2, a multi-channel transceiver circuit 3, and a signal processing circuit 4.

A plurality of independent patch antennas in the receiving antenna 1 form an array to form a multi-channel array receiving antenna, and each receiving channel in the receiving circuit corresponds to one array element in the array receiving antenna.

The transmitting antenna 2 also adopts a patch antenna, the antenna can be in a single or array form, the polarization direction of the antenna is the same as that of the receiving antenna, and the beam width can be customized according to requirements.

As shown in fig. 4, the signal processing circuit incorporates a digital beam forming algorithm. Digital beamforming is to form a reception beam in a desired direction by digital signal processing using an aperture of an array antenna for the array antenna. Although the directional diagram of a single antenna is omnidirectional, for the signals of a plurality of receiving channels of an array, a digital processing method is used for compensating the phase difference caused by the propagation wave path difference caused by different spatial positions of the sensors for the incident signal of a certain direction, so that in-phase superposition is realized, the maximum energy receiving of the direction is realized, the beam forming in the direction is completed, the useful expected signal is received, and the directional gain received by the array is gathered in a specified direction, which is equivalent to forming a 'beam'. The beams can be pointed in different directions by changing the weight values, and the scanning of the beams is realized. Multiple beams can be formed simultaneously through the parallel processing of multiple channels, and a proper window function can be selected to reduce the side lobe level.

As shown in fig. 5, the signal processing circuit incorporates a phase angle measurement algorithm. The phase method angle measurement utilizes phase differences among echo signals received by a plurality of antennas to measure the angle. The signal reflected from the theta direction far zone target may be approximated as a plane wave when it reaches the receiving antenna. Because the distance between the two receiving antennas is d, the received signals have wave path difference Delta R and phase differenceThey are in agreement with each other:therefore, the phase difference is measured by comparing the echo signals with a phase meterThe target direction theta can be determined and the calculation of the azimuth angle can be used

The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the principle of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.