阅读说明：本技术 一种便于放置的矿洞智能化安全监测设备 (Intelligent safety monitoring equipment of ore hole convenient to place ) 是由 赵佳琛 于 2021-07-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种便于放置的矿洞智能化安全监测设备,涉及安全监测技术领域,包括底柱、支撑底座、升降柱,支撑底座内设有凹槽,支撑爪通过收紧螺母与凹槽转轴连接,底柱侧表面设有LED灯管,底柱内设有底槽,底槽内设有升降柱,升降柱侧面设有升降齿纹,升降室内设有中心转轴,中心转轴设有升降齿轮；升降柱上方设有网罩,网罩内固定设有预警器,网罩上方设有固定筒,固定筒内设有压力柱,压力柱下表面与重力传感器相接触,上表面设有万向节,万向节上方设有支撑盘。本发明结构简单,易于操作,携带方便,安装简易,适用安装范围广,安装时对岩壁损害小,监测灵敏,必要时可充当支撑柱,能够智能化报警,并向矿洞外及时传递监测信息,适合推广。(The invention discloses intelligent safety monitoring equipment convenient to place for an ore hole, which relates to the technical field of safety monitoring and comprises a bottom pillar, a supporting base and a lifting pillar, wherein a groove is formed in the supporting base, a supporting claw is connected with a groove rotating shaft through a tightening nut, an LED lamp tube is arranged on the side surface of the bottom pillar, a bottom groove is formed in the bottom pillar, the lifting pillar is arranged in the bottom groove, lifting insections are arranged on the side surface of the lifting pillar, a central rotating shaft is arranged in a lifting chamber, and a lifting gear is arranged on the central rotating shaft; the lifting column is provided with a mesh enclosure above, an early warning device is fixedly arranged in the mesh enclosure, a fixing cylinder is arranged above the mesh enclosure, a pressure column is arranged in the fixing cylinder, the lower surface of the pressure column is in contact with a gravity sensor, the upper surface of the pressure column is provided with a universal joint, and a supporting disk is arranged above the universal joint. The intelligent monitoring device has the advantages of simple structure, easiness in operation, convenience in carrying, easiness in installation, wide application and installation range, small damage to the rock wall during installation, sensitive monitoring, capability of serving as a support column when necessary, intelligent alarming, timely transmission of monitoring information to the outside of the mine tunnel and suitability for popularization.)

1. The intelligent mine hole safety monitoring equipment convenient to place comprises a bottom pillar (1), a supporting base (2), a lifting pillar (7) and an early warning device (19), and is characterized in that the lower surface of the bottom pillar (1) is fixedly connected with the supporting base (2), a groove is formed in the supporting base (2), a supporting claw (3) is connected with a groove rotating shaft of the supporting base (2) through a tightening nut (4), an LED lamp tube (5) is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the bottom pillar (1), a bottom groove (6) is formed in the bottom pillar (1), the lifting pillar (7) is slidably arranged in the bottom groove (6), uniform lifting insections (8) are fixedly arranged on the side surface of the lifting pillar (7), a lifting chamber (22) is fixedly arranged at the position, corresponding to the lifting insections (8), of the upper end of the bottom pillar (1), and a central rotating shaft (30) is connected with the lifting chamber (22), the central rotating shaft (30) is provided with a lifting gear (31) which is matched with the lifting insection (8) in position and shape in a penetrating way;

the lifting column is characterized in that a first fixing column (9) is fixedly connected to the top end of the lifting column (7), a mesh enclosure (10) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the first fixing column (9), an early warning device (19) is fixedly arranged in the mesh enclosure (10), a connecting ring (12) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the mesh enclosure (10), a fixing cylinder (13) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting ring (12), a pressure column (14) is arranged in the fixing cylinder (13) in a sliding mode, the lower surface of the pressure column (14) is in contact with a gravity sensor (20), a universal joint (15) is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the pressure column (14), a connecting frame (16) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the universal joint (15), a supporting plate (17) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting frame (16), and a friction pad (18) is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the supporting plate (17).

2. A mine cavity intelligent safety monitoring device convenient to place according to claim 1, wherein the tightening nut (4) has two states of tightening and releasing through threaded rotation, and the supporting claw (3) cannot rotate through a rotating shaft after the tightening nut (4) is tightened.

3. An intelligent mine cave safety monitoring device convenient to place according to claim 1, wherein a light-transmitting mirror with red and white colors is arranged in the LED lamp tube (5).

4. The intelligent mine cavern safety monitoring device convenient to place according to claim 1, wherein one end of the central rotating shaft (30) penetrating through the lifting chamber (22) is fixedly connected with a lifting support (23), the central rotating shaft (30) is arranged on the lifting chamber (22) and is provided with a locking switch, a folding groove (24) is formed in the outer side surface of the lifting support (23), and a handle (25) is connected to a rotating shaft in the folding groove (24).

5. A mine hole intelligent safety monitoring device convenient to place according to claim 1, characterized in that the mesh (11) is uniformly arranged on the mesh cover (10).

6. An intelligent mine cave safety monitoring device convenient to place according to claim 1, wherein a storage battery (28) is arranged at the lower end of the early warning device (19), an air detector (27) is connected to the upper surface of the storage battery (28), a processor (26) is arranged in the air detector (27), a transmission frame (29) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the processor (26) in a penetrating mode, and the transmission frame (29) is fixedly connected with the gravity sensor (20) located in the fixed cylinder (13).

7. An intelligent mine hole safety monitoring device convenient to place according to claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the friction pad (18) is uniformly provided with small raised particles.

8. The intelligent mine hole safety monitoring device convenient to place according to claim 1, wherein the storage battery (28) is in circuit connection with the LED lamp tube (5), the air monitor (27), the gravity sensor (20) and the alarm bell (21), the storage battery (28) is provided with a charging socket, and the processor (26) is in signal connection with the LED lamp tube (5), the air monitor (27), the gravity sensor (20) and the alarm bell (21).

9. A mine cavity intelligent safety monitoring device convenient to place according to claim 1, wherein a single chip microcomputer is arranged in the processor (26), and the safety system is provided and divided into a monitoring unit, an alarm unit, a lighting unit and a remote transmission unit, wherein: the monitoring unit comprises a gravity sensor (20) and an air detector (27), the alarm unit comprises an alarm bell (21) and an LED lamp tube (5), the lighting unit comprises the LED lamp tube (5), and the remote transmission unit comprises an external signal receiving platform.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of safety monitoring, and particularly relates to intelligent mine hole safety monitoring equipment convenient to place.

Background

The underground operation of the mine hole operation has complex and variable geological and mining conditions, many unsafe factors and is often threatened by dangers such as gas, coal dust, fire water, collapse and the like. Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of underground operators and ensure the normal production of mines and mine holes, the mine hole safety work must be put at the head of each work. The common accidents in the mine hole are mainly divided into mine hole collapse and gas explosion, and the mine hole collapse has the following signs in the prior art under the common conditions: sounding, and sinking and breaking rock stratum; removing slag; the caving coal is increased; the top plate is provided with cracks and is opened, and the cracks are increased; delamination of the top sheet; leaking the top; gas emission volume increases etc. has the trickle or the trickle volume of roof has obvious increase, for preventing in advance that the ore deposit cave collapses and gas explosion phenomenon, this example provides a simple to operate, and application scope is wide, and is little to the rock-wall damage during the installation, and the monitoring is sensitive, can act as the support column when necessary, the safety monitoring equipment that can intelligent warning.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide the intelligent mine cave safety monitoring equipment which is convenient to place, simple in structure, easy to operate, convenient to carry, simple and easy to install, wide in application and installation range, small in damage to rock walls during installation, sensitive in monitoring, capable of serving as a support column when necessary, capable of intelligently alarming and timely transmitting monitoring information to the outside of the mine cave and suitable for popularization.

The invention provides the following technical scheme: an intelligent mine hole safety monitoring device convenient to place comprises a bottom pillar, a supporting base, a lifting pillar and an early warning device, wherein the lower surface of the bottom pillar is fixedly connected with the supporting base, a groove is formed in the supporting base, supporting claws are connected with a groove rotating shaft of the supporting base through tightening nuts, an LED lamp tube is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the bottom pillar, a bottom groove is formed in the bottom pillar, the lifting pillar is arranged in the bottom groove in a sliding mode, uniform lifting insections are fixedly arranged on the side surface of the lifting pillar, a lifting chamber is fixedly arranged at the position, corresponding to the lifting insections, of the upper end of the bottom pillar, a central rotating shaft is connected in the lifting chamber through the rotating shaft, and a lifting gear matched with the lifting insections in position and shape penetrates through the central rotating shaft;

the top end of the lifting column is fixedly connected with a first fixing column, the upper surface of the first fixing column is fixedly connected with a screen cover, an early warning device is fixedly arranged in the screen cover, the upper surface of the screen cover is fixedly connected with a connecting ring, the upper surface of the connecting ring is fixedly connected with a fixing cylinder, a pressure column is slidably arranged in the fixing cylinder, the lower surface of the pressure column is in contact with a gravity sensor, the upper surface of the pressure column is fixedly provided with a universal joint, the upper surface of the universal joint is fixedly connected with a connecting frame, the upper surface of the connecting frame is fixedly connected with a supporting disk, and the upper surface of the supporting disk is fixedly provided with a friction pad.

Preferably, the tightening nut has two states of tightening and releasing through threaded rotation, and the supporting claw cannot rotate through the rotating shaft after the tightening nut is tightened.

Preferably, a light-transmitting mirror with red and white colors is arranged in the LED lamp tube.

Preferably, the center pivot runs through the one end fixedly connected with lifting support of lift room, the center pivot is located the lift room and has the locking switch, the lifting support lateral surface is equipped with the folding groove, the connecting of the pivot is equipped with the handle in the folding groove.

Preferably, the mesh openings are uniformly arranged on the net cover.

Preferably, the lower extreme of the early warning device is the battery, the upper surface of the battery is connected with an air detector, a processor is arranged in the air detector, the upper surface of the processor penetrates through a transmission frame fixedly connected with the transmission frame, and the transmission frame is fixedly connected with a gravity sensor positioned in a fixed cylinder.

Preferably, the upper surface of the friction pad is uniformly provided with small raised particles.

Preferably, the storage battery has circuit connection with the LED lamp tube, the air monitor, the gravity sensor and the alarm bell, the storage battery has a charging socket, and the processor has signal connection with the LED lamp tube, the air monitor, the gravity sensor and the alarm bell.

Preferably, a single chip microcomputer is arranged in the processor, the single chip microcomputer is provided with a safety system, the safety system is divided into a monitoring unit, an alarm unit, a lighting unit and a remote transmission unit, and the single chip microcomputer is characterized in that: the monitoring unit is composed of a gravity sensor and an air detector, the alarm unit is composed of an alarm bell and an LED lamp tube, the illumination unit is composed of an LED lamp tube, and the remote transmission unit is composed of an external signal receiving platform.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: simple structure, easily operation, convenient to carry, the installation is simple and easy, and suitable installation scope is wide, and is little to the rock-wall harm during the installation, and the monitoring is sensitive, can act as the support column when necessary, can intelligent warning to in time transmit monitoring information outside the mine cave, specifically as follows:

(1) the invention is provided with a bottom column, equipment is installed at a proper position of a mine cave, when the ground is placed on uneven ground, a tightening nut is released through threads, a supporting claw is rotated, after a stable angle is found, the tightening nut is tightened, the supporting claw is fixed, a locking switch on a lifting chamber is opened, a central rotating shaft can rotate, a handle in a folding groove is rotated to be vertical to the folding groove, the central rotating shaft is driven to rotate through the handle, a lifting column is ascended, when a friction pad on a supporting plate is contacted with a rock wall of an upper wall, the central rotating shaft is rotated to the maximum limit, the friction pad is tangent with the rock wall through a universal joint, the pressure is transmitted to a gravity sensor to be constant, the central rotating shaft is fixed through a locking mechanism of the lifting chamber, and if a sign of collapse occurs, the pressure of the rock wall to the friction pad can be changed, when the pressure transmitted from the gravity sensor fluctuates and exceeds a certain value, the gravity sensor can be matched with the early warning device to give an alarm.

(2) The invention is provided with an early warning device, an alarm bell connected with an LED lamp tube through an early warning device signal sends an alarm, after the equipment is installed, airflow in a mine hole flows through a mesh enclosure and then contacts with an air detector, the air detector detects gas, carbon dioxide and air humidity in the air, when the air detector detects that harmful gas reaches an alarm value or a pressure value of a gravity sensor changes beyond a certain value, a processor sends an instruction to the alarm bell, the alarm bell sends an alarm and sends an instruction to the LED lamp tube, the LED lamp tube changes from white to flashing red, and the alarm is sent out, so that the safety detection function of the equipment is improved.

(3) The LED mine tunnel support is provided with the bottom column, when the equipment is carried, the lifting column is positioned in the bottom column, the support claw rotates and contracts on the support base, so that the whole equipment is convenient to carry, when the equipment is erected, the LED lamp tube releases white light to illuminate in a common state, and when a mine tunnel collapses, the bottom column can serve as the support column to slow down the collapse speed.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the invention at A;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the early warning device of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a system diagram of the present invention.

Labeled as: the device comprises a base column 1, a support base 2, a support claw 3, a tightening nut 4, an LED lamp tube 5, a bottom groove 6, a lifting column 7, a lifting insection 8, a first fixing ring 9, a mesh enclosure 10, a mesh opening 11, a connecting ring 12, a fixing cylinder 13, a pressure column 14, a universal joint 15, a connecting frame 16, a support plate 17, a friction pad 18, a pre-alarm 19, a gravity sensor 20, an alarm bell 21, a lifting chamber 22, a lifting support 23, a folding groove 24, a handle 25, a processor 26, an air detector 27, a storage battery 28, a transmission frame 29, a central rotating shaft 30 and a lifting gear 31.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. These examples are intended to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted", "provided" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g. as a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

The structural features of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1-2, an intelligent mine cave safety monitoring device convenient to place comprises a bottom pillar 1, a supporting base 2, a lifting column 7 and an early warning device 19, wherein the lower surface of the bottom pillar 1 is fixedly connected with the supporting base 2, a groove is formed in the supporting base 2, a supporting claw 3 is limited by the groove, the supporting claw 3 is connected with a groove rotating shaft of the supporting base 2 through a tightening nut 4, the groove is pressed through rotating the tightening nut 4, so that the supporting claw 3 is fixed, the supporting claw 3 can be matched with the ground of the mine cave in shape, the supporting claw 3 can firmly grip the ground, an LED lamp tube 5 is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the bottom pillar 1, the LED lamp tube 5 is used for illuminating and providing alarm, the LED lamp tube 5 is more energy-saving, the cruising performance of the device is improved, a bottom groove 6 is formed in the bottom pillar 1, the lifting column 7 is slidably arranged in the bottom groove 6, the bottom groove 6 provides a movement space for the lifting column 7, the lifting column 7 adjusts the height of the equipment to enable the upper end and the lower end of the equipment to be stressed, the side surface of the lifting column 7 is fixedly provided with uniform lifting insections 8, the lifting of the lifting column 7 is realized through the lifting insections 18 and the lifting gear 31, a lifting chamber 22 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the bottom column 1 corresponding to the lifting insections 8, the lifting chamber 22 provides a movement space for the lifting gear 31, and a locking mechanism is arranged to lock the central rotating shaft 30 to prevent the lifting gear 31 from rotating after the lifting is finished, a central rotating shaft 30 is connected in the lifting chamber 22 through a rotating shaft, the central rotating shaft 30 is connected on the lifting chamber 22 to limit the central rotating shaft 30 and can rotate freely, the central rotating shaft 30 is provided with a lifting gear 31 which is matched with the position shape of the lifting insection 8 in a penetrating way, and the lifting insection 8 is occluded through the lifting gear 31.

Referring to fig. 2, a first fixing column 9 is fixedly connected to the top end of the lifting column 7, a connecting portion between the mesh enclosure 10 and the lifting column 7 is fixed by the first fixing column 9, a mesh enclosure 10 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the first fixing column 9, meshes 11 are uniformly formed in the mesh enclosure 10, air flows are circulated through the meshes 11 in the mesh enclosure 10, the mesh enclosure 10 protects a pre-alarm 19, large dust is prevented from entering a detection hole of an air detector 27 through the mesh enclosure 10 to block the detection hole, the pre-alarm 19 is fixedly arranged in the mesh enclosure 10, pre-alarm is performed by the pre-alarm 19, the pre-alarm 19 comprises an alarm bell 21, a processor 26, an air detector 27 and a storage battery 28, a connecting ring 12 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the mesh enclosure 10, the mesh enclosure 10 and a fixing cylinder 13 are connected by the connecting ring 12, a fixing cylinder 13 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting ring 12, and the fixing cylinder 13 is used for limiting the pressure column 14, the pressure column 14 is connected with the pressure column in a sliding way but cannot be separated from the pressure column 14, so that the pressure transmitted from the pressure column 14 to the gravity sensor 20 is more accurate, the pressure column 14 is arranged in the fixed cylinder 13 in a sliding way, the pressure is transmitted through the pressure column 14, the lower surface of the pressure column 14 is in contact with the gravity sensor 20, the pressure is detected through the gravity sensor 20 and transmitted into the processor 26, the universal joint 15 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface, the angle of the connecting frame 16 is adjusted through the universal joint 15, the friction pad 18 is connected with the rock wall and bears the pressure, the connecting frame 16 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the universal joint 15, the supporting plate 17 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the connecting frame 16, the downward pressure is brought by pushing the supporting plate 17 on the rock wall, the friction pad 18 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the supporting plate 17, the pressure is increased by using the friction pad 18, and after the sign of collapse occurs, the pressure of the rock wall to the friction pad changes, and when the fluctuation range of the pressure transmitted by the gravity sensor 20 exceeds a certain value, the gravity sensor 20 cooperates with the early-warning device 19 to give an alarm.

The tightening nut 4 has two states of tightening and releasing through thread rotation, and the support claw 3 cannot rotate through a rotating shaft after the tightening nut 4 is tightened, so that the support claw 3 can be fixed.

Be equipped with the printing opacity mirror of two kinds of colours red and white in LED fluorescent tube 5, make LED fluorescent tube 5 provide the illumination when the normality, can send stroboscopic ruddiness when the early warning, it is more striking.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, a lifting bracket 23 is fixedly connected to one end of a central rotating shaft 30 penetrating through a lifting chamber 22, a locking switch is arranged on the central rotating shaft 30 on the lifting chamber 22, a folding groove 24 is formed in the outer side surface of the lifting bracket 23, a handle 25 is folded and stored through the folding groove 24, the handle 25 is connected to a rotating shaft in the folding groove 24, the lifting bracket 23 is rotated by shaking the handle 23, the central rotating shaft 30 is driven to rotate, and the lifting column 7 is lifted.

Referring to fig. 4, a storage battery 28 is arranged at the lower end of the early warning device 19, the storage battery 28 provides power required by the device, an air detector 27 is connected to the upper surface of the storage battery 28, the air detector 27 detects gas, carbon dioxide gas and air humidity in the air, a processor 26 is arranged in the air detector 27, analysis is performed by using data detected by the processor 26, and signals are sent, a transmission frame 29 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the processor 26 in a penetrating manner, the gravity sensor 20 is fixed by using the transmission frame 29, and the signals are transmitted to the processor 26, and the transmission frame 29 is fixedly connected to the gravity sensor 20 located in the fixed cylinder 13.

The upper surface of the friction pad 18 is uniformly provided with small raised particles to increase the friction force with the rock wall.

The battery 28 has circuit connection with LED fluorescent tube 5, air monitor 27, gravity sensor 20, alarm bell 21, and battery 28 has charging socket, makes battery 28 have good duration, processor 26 has signal connection with LED fluorescent tube 5, air monitor 27, gravity sensor 20, alarm bell 21, makes it constitute a complete system.

The processor 26 is provided with a single chip microcomputer and is provided with a safety system, the safety system is divided into a monitoring unit, an alarm unit, a lighting unit and a remote transmission unit, wherein: the monitoring unit comprises gravity sensor 20, air detector 27, monitors the safety in the mine hole, the alarm unit comprises alarm bell 21, LED fluorescent tube 5, sends out the warning after monitoring danger, the lighting unit comprises LED fluorescent tube 5, provides the illumination under the normality, prevents that personnel from colliding with on the equipment, the remote transmission unit comprises outside signal receiving platform, in time transmits the dangerous case to the outside and makes the staff make the judgement.

The intelligent mine hole safety monitoring equipment convenient to place has the advantages of simple structure, easiness in operation, convenience in carrying, easiness in installation, wide application and installation range, small damage to a rock wall during installation, sensitive monitoring, capability of serving as a support column when necessary, intelligent alarming, timely transmission of monitoring information to the outside of a mine hole and suitability for popularization.

Specifically, referring to fig. 1-3, the equipment is installed at a proper position in a mine hole, when the ground is not flat, the tightening nut 4 is released through the screw thread, the supporting claw 3 is rotated, after a stable angle is found, the tightening nut 4 is tightened, the supporting claw 3 is fixed, the locking switch on the lifting chamber 22 is opened, the central rotating shaft 30 can be rotated, the grip 25 in the folding groove 24 is rotated to be perpendicular to the folding groove 24, the central rotating shaft 30 is driven to rotate through the grip 25, the lifting column 7 is lifted upwards, when the friction pad 18 on the supporting plate 17 contacts the rock wall of the upper wall, the central rotating shaft 30 is rotated to the maximum, the friction pad 18 is engaged with the rock wall through the universal joint 15, the pressure 14 transmits constant pressure to the gravity sensor 20, and the central rotating shaft 30 is fixed through the locking mechanism of the lifting chamber 22, if the pre-warning of collapse occurs, the pressure of the rock wall to the friction pad changes, and when the fluctuation range of the pressure transmitted by the gravity sensor 20 exceeds a certain value, the gravity sensor 20 is matched with the early warning device 19 to give an alarm;

referring to fig. 4-5, the alarm bell 21 and the LED lamp 5 connected by the signal of the early warning device 19 give an alarm, after the installation of the equipment is completed, the airflow in the mine hole flows through the mesh enclosure 10 and then contacts with the air detector 27, the air detector 27 detects the gas, carbon dioxide and air humidity in the air, when the air detector 27 detects that the harmful gas reaches an alarm value or the pressure value of the gravity sensor 20 exceeds a certain value, the processor 26 sends an instruction to the alarm bell 21, the alarm bell 21 gives an alarm and sends an instruction to the LED lamp 5, the LED lamp 5 turns from white to flashing red, and the alarm is given, so that the safety detection function of the equipment is improved.

When equipment carries, lift post 7 is located sill pillar 1, and the rotatory shrink of support claw 3 makes whole equipment portable, and equipment is when erectting, and under the ordinary condition, LED fluorescent tube 5 releases white light and throws light on, and when the cave appears collapsing, sill pillar 1 can act as the support column in lift post 7 and slow down the speed of collapsing.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.