阅读说明：本技术 一种提高火电机组负荷响应速率的系统及方法 (System and method for improving load response rate of thermal power generating unit ) 是由 成汭珅 周平 聂鑫 王志刚 柳宏刚 解冰 周凌宇 刘辉 于 2021-06-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种提高火电机组负荷响应速率的系统及方法,锅炉的主蒸汽出口分为两路,其中一路与主汽轮机组的入口相连通,另一路经小汽轮机进汽调节阀与小汽轮机的入口相连通,小汽轮机的输出轴与气体压缩机的驱动轴相连接,主汽轮机组的输出轴与主发电机的驱动轴相连接,主发电机的输出端与外界电网相连接,气体压缩机的出口经涡轮进气调节阀与涡轮的入口相连通,涡轮的出口与气体压缩机的入口相连通,涡轮的输出轴与发电机的驱动轴相连接,发电机的输出端与外界电网相连接,该系统及方法能够提高火电机组的调峰能力及调峰速度。(The invention discloses a system and a method for improving load response rate of a thermal power generating unit.A main steam outlet of a boiler is divided into two paths, wherein one path is communicated with an inlet of a main steam turbine unit, the other path is communicated with an inlet of a small steam turbine through a small steam turbine steam inlet regulating valve, an output shaft of the small steam turbine is connected with a driving shaft of a gas compressor, an output shaft of the main steam turbine unit is connected with a driving shaft of a main generator, an output end of the main generator is connected with an external power grid, an outlet of the gas compressor is communicated with an inlet of a turbine through a turbine steam inlet regulating valve, an outlet of the turbine is communicated with an inlet of the gas compressor, an output shaft of the turbine is connected with a driving shaft of the generator, and an output end of the generator is connected with the external power grid.)

1. A system for improving the corresponding load speed of a thermal power generating unit is characterized by comprising a boiler, a small steam turbine steam inlet adjusting valve (1), a small steam turbine (2), a gas compressor (3), a turbine steam inlet adjusting valve (6), a turbine (7), a generator (8), a main generator (10) and a main steam turbine unit (11);

the main steam outlet of the boiler is divided into two paths, wherein one path is communicated with the inlet of a main steam turbine set (11), the other path is communicated with the inlet of a small steam turbine (2) through a small steam turbine steam inlet regulating valve (1), the output shaft of the small steam turbine (2) is connected with the driving shaft of a gas compressor (3), the output shaft of the main steam turbine set (11) is connected with the driving shaft of a main generator (10), the output end of the main generator (10) is connected with an external power grid, the outlet of the gas compressor (3) is communicated with the inlet of a turbine (7) through a turbine air inlet regulating valve (6), the outlet of the turbine (7) is communicated with the inlet of the gas compressor (3), the output shaft of the turbine (7) is connected with the driving shaft of a generator (8), and the output end of the generator (8) is connected with the external power grid.

2. The system for increasing the corresponding load rate of a thermal power generating unit according to claim 1, wherein an outlet of the gas compressor (3) is communicated with an inlet of the constant pressure gas storage tank (5) through a check valve (4).

3. The system for increasing the corresponding load rate of a thermal power generating unit according to claim 1, wherein an outlet of the gas compressor (3) is communicated with an inlet of the constant pressure gas storage tank (5), and an outlet of the constant pressure gas storage tank (5) is communicated with an inlet of the turbine (7) through the turbine inlet adjusting valve (6).

4. The system for increasing the corresponding load rate of a thermal power generating unit according to claim 1, wherein an outlet of the turbine (7) is communicated with an inlet of the gas compressor (3) through a low-pressure gas storage tank (9).

5. The system for improving the corresponding load rate of the thermal power generating unit according to claim 1, wherein a steam outlet of the small steam turbine (2) is communicated with an external thermal power generating unit thermodynamic system.

6. A method for increasing the corresponding load rate of a thermal power generating unit is characterized in that the system for increasing the corresponding load rate of the thermal power generating unit based on claim 1 comprises the following steps:

when the unit needs to adjust the load according to the power grid instruction, the small steam turbine steam inlet adjusting valve (1) is adjusted to adjust the load of the small steam turbine (2) and the gas compressor (3), so that the steam inlet amount of the main steam turbine unit (11) is adjusted, then the load of the main steam turbine unit (11) and the load of the main generator (10) are adjusted, meanwhile, the opening degree of the turbine steam inlet adjusting valve (6) is adjusted, so that the output of the turbine (7) and the generator (8) is improved, and then the load of the power grid on the unit is adjusted.

7. The method for improving the corresponding rate of the load of the thermal power generating unit according to claim 6, characterized in that when the electrical load of the thermal power generating unit is stable, the small steam turbine (2) and the gas compressor (3) are positioned at a basic load position by adjusting the small steam turbine inlet adjusting valve (1), and the turbine (7) and the generator (8) are positioned at a basic load by adjusting the turbine inlet adjusting valve (6), so that the gas in the constant-pressure gas storage tank (5) is ensured to be at a set value, and the total power of the main generator (10) and the generator (8) is the load issued by the power grid.

8. The method for increasing the corresponding rate of the thermal power generating unit load according to claim 6, wherein when the unit needs to increase the load according to the power grid command, the steam inlet regulating valve (1) of the small steam turbine is adjusted, the load of the small steam turbine (2) and the gas compressor (3) is reduced, the steam inlet amount of the main steam turbine unit (11) is increased, the load of the main steam turbine unit (11) and the main generator (10) is increased, and meanwhile, the opening degree of the turbine inlet regulating valve (6) is increased, the output of the turbine (7) and the generator (8) is increased, and the load of the power grid on the unit is further increased.

9. The method for increasing the corresponding load rate of the thermal power generating unit according to claim 6, wherein when the unit needs to reduce the load according to the power grid instruction, the steam inlet regulating valve (1) of the small steam turbine is adjusted, the output of the small steam turbine (2) and the gas compressor (3) is increased, the steam inlet amount of the main steam turbine unit (11) is reduced, and the load of the main steam turbine unit (11) and the main generator (10) is reduced; meanwhile, the opening degree of the turbine air inlet adjusting valve (6) is reduced, the output of the turbine (7) and the generator (8) is reduced, and the load of a power grid on the unit is further reduced.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of thermal power plants, and relates to a system and a method for improving the corresponding load rate of a thermal power generating unit.

Background

At present, the total installed capacity of thermal power in China is about 56% of the total installed capacity, the total power generation amount of the thermal power is about 70% of the total power generation amount, and the power supply structure in China still takes the thermal power as the main power supply. With the increase of installed capacity of new energy in recent years, in order to improve the stability of a power grid, most thermal power units form a peak regulation unit, and the requirement of the power grid on the peak regulation rate of the thermal power units is increasingly increased. However, the load change rate of the thermal power generating unit is generally 1-2% MCR/min; if the load change rate of the unit is further improved, due to the fact that thermal inertia of the boiler is large, and certain hysteresis exists in boiler combustion, the phenomena of over-temperature and over-pressure are prone to occurring, safe operation of the unit is threatened, meanwhile, incomplete combustion loss of the boiler is increased, and economical efficiency of unit operation is reduced.

With the promotion of the energy-saving and emission-reducing target, the installed capacity of new energy is inevitably further increased, more thermal power generating units participate in peak shaving, and the load change rate of the peak shaving units is further increased by the power grid, so that the improvement of the peak shaving capacity and the peak shaving speed of the thermal power generating units is a problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a system and a method for improving the load response rate of a thermal power generating unit, and the system and the method can improve the peak regulation capacity and the peak regulation speed of the thermal power generating unit.

In order to achieve the aim, the system for improving the corresponding load speed of the thermal power generating unit comprises a boiler, a small steam turbine steam inlet adjusting valve, a small steam turbine, a gas compressor, a turbine steam inlet adjusting valve, a turbine, a generator, a main generator and a main steam turbine unit;

the main steam outlet of the boiler is divided into two paths, wherein one path is communicated with the inlet of the main steam turbine unit, the other path is communicated with the inlet of the small steam turbine through the small steam turbine steam inlet regulating valve, the output shaft of the small steam turbine is connected with the driving shaft of the gas compressor, the output shaft of the main steam turbine unit is connected with the driving shaft of the main generator, the output end of the main generator is connected with an external power grid, the outlet of the gas compressor is communicated with the inlet of the turbine through the turbine air inlet regulating valve, the outlet of the turbine is communicated with the inlet of the gas compressor, the output shaft of the turbine is connected with the driving shaft of the generator, and.

The outlet of the gas compressor is communicated with the inlet of the constant pressure gas storage tank through a check valve.

The outlet of the gas compressor is communicated with the inlet of the constant pressure gas storage tank, and the outlet of the constant pressure gas storage tank is communicated with the inlet of the turbine through the turbine gas inlet regulating valve.

The outlet of the turbine is communicated with the inlet of the gas compressor through a low-pressure gas storage tank.

And the steam outlet of the small steam turbine is communicated with an external thermal power unit thermodynamic system.

The method for improving the corresponding load rate of the thermal power generating unit comprises the following steps:

when the unit needs to adjust the load according to the power grid instruction, the small steam turbine steam inlet adjusting valve is adjusted to adjust the load of the small steam turbine and the gas compressor, so that the steam inlet amount of the main steam turbine unit is adjusted, then the load of the main steam turbine unit and the load of the main generator are adjusted, meanwhile, the opening degree of the turbine air inlet adjusting valve is adjusted, so that the output of the turbine and the generator is improved, and then the load of the power grid on the unit is adjusted.

When the electrical load of the unit is stable, the small steam turbine and the gas compressor are positioned at the basic load position by adjusting the small steam turbine steam inlet adjusting valve, the turbine and the generator are positioned at the basic load by adjusting the turbine steam inlet adjusting valve, the gas in the constant-pressure gas storage tank is ensured to be at the set value, and the total power of the main generator and the generator is the load issued by the power grid.

When the unit needs to increase the load according to the power grid instruction, the steam inlet regulating valve of the small steam turbine is adjusted, the loads of the small steam turbine and the gas compressor are reduced, the steam inlet amount of the main steam turbine unit is increased, the loads of the main steam turbine unit and the main generator are increased, meanwhile, the opening degree of the steam inlet regulating valve of the turbine is increased, the output of the turbine and the generator is improved, and the load of the power grid on the unit is further increased.

When the unit needs to reduce the load according to the power grid instruction, the steam inlet regulating valve of the small steam turbine is adjusted, the output of the small steam turbine and the gas compressor is increased, the steam inlet quantity of the main steam turbine unit is reduced, and the loads of the main steam turbine unit and the main generator are reduced; meanwhile, the opening degree of the turbine air inlet regulating valve is reduced, the output of the turbine and the generator is reduced, and the load of a power grid on the unit is further reduced.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

when the system and the method for improving the load response rate of the thermal power generating unit are operated specifically, when the unit needs to adjust the load according to the power grid instruction, the steam inlet adjusting valve of the small steam turbine is adjusted to adjust the load of the small steam turbine and the gas compressor, so that the steam inlet amount of the main steam turbine unit is adjusted, and then the load of the main steam turbine unit and the load of the main generator are adjusted.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

wherein, 1 is a small turbine steam inlet regulating valve, 2 is a small turbine, 3 is a gas compressor, 4 is a check valve, 5 is a constant pressure gas storage tank, 6 is a turbine air inlet regulating valve, 7 is a turbine, 8 is a generator, 9 is a low pressure gas storage tank, 10 is a main generator, and 11 is a main turbine set.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present disclosure. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

There is shown in the drawings a schematic block diagram of a disclosed embodiment in accordance with the invention. The figures are not drawn to scale, wherein certain details are exaggerated and possibly omitted for clarity of presentation. The shapes of various regions, layers and their relative sizes and positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely exemplary, and deviations may occur in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and a person skilled in the art may additionally design regions/layers having different shapes, sizes, relative positions, according to actual needs.

Referring to fig. 1, the system for increasing the corresponding load rate of the thermal power generating unit according to the present invention includes a small turbine steam inlet regulating valve 1, a small turbine 2, a gas compressor 3, a check valve 4, a constant pressure gas storage tank 5, a turbine air inlet regulating valve 6, a turbine 7, a generator 8, a low pressure gas storage tank 9, a main generator 10, and a main turbine unit 11;

the main steam outlet of the boiler is divided into two paths, wherein one path is communicated with the inlet of a main steam turbine set 11, the other path is communicated with the inlet of a small steam turbine 2 through a small steam turbine steam inlet regulating valve 1, the steam outlet of the small steam turbine 2 is communicated with the external thermal power unit thermodynamic system, the output shaft of the small steam turbine 2 is connected with the driving shaft of a gas compressor 3, the output shaft of the main steam turbine set 11 is connected with the driving shaft of a main generator 10, the output end of the main generator 10 is connected with an external power grid, the outlet of the gas compressor 3 is communicated with the inlet of a constant pressure gas storage tank 5 through a check valve 4, the outlet of the constant pressure gas storage tank 5 is communicated with the inlet of a turbine 7 through a turbine air inlet regulating valve 6, the outlet of the turbine 7 is communicated with the inlet of a low pressure gas storage tank 9, the outlet of the low pressure gas storage tank 9 is communicated with the inlet of the gas compressor 3, and the output shaft of the turbine 7 is connected with the driving shaft of a generator 8, the output of the generator 8 is connected to an external power grid.

The specific working process of the invention is as follows:

when the electrical load of the unit is stable, the small turbine 2 and the gas compressor 3 are positioned at a basic load position, specifically 40-50% of the rated load, by adjusting the small turbine steam inlet adjusting valve 1, and the turbine 7 and the generator 8 are positioned at the basic load by adjusting the turbine steam inlet adjusting valve 6, so that the gas in the constant-pressure gas storage tank 5 is ensured to be at a set value, the set value is 50% of the total gas storage amount, and at the moment, the total power of the main generator 10 and the generator 8 is the load issued by the power grid.

When the unit needs to increase the load according to the power grid instruction, the small steam turbine steam inlet adjusting valve 1 is adjusted, the loads of the small steam turbine 2 and the gas compressor 3 are reduced, the steam extraction amount is reduced, the steam inlet amount of the main steam turbine unit 11 is increased, the loads of the main steam turbine unit 11 and the main generator 10 are increased, meanwhile, the opening degree of the turbine steam inlet adjusting valve 6 is increased, the output of the turbine 7 and the generator 8 is improved, the load of the power grid on the unit is further increased, and the speed of the unit in the load increasing process is improved.

When the unit needs to reduce the load according to the power grid instruction, the small steam turbine steam inlet regulating valve 1 is adjusted, the output of the small steam turbine 2 and the gas compressor 3 is increased, the steam extraction amount is increased, the steam inlet amount of the main steam turbine unit 11 is reduced, and the loads of the main steam turbine unit 11 and the main generator 10 are reduced; meanwhile, the opening degree of the turbine air inlet adjusting valve 6 is reduced, the output of the turbine 7 and the generator 8 is reduced, and the load of a power grid on the unit is further reduced, so that the speed of the unit in the load reducing process is improved.

When the fluctuation range of the unit load is small, the load of the unit can be adjusted according to the power grid requirement without adjusting the load of the boiler by using the adjusting method, so that the load rate is ensured to meet the requirement, the load adjustment of the boiler is reduced, and the running economy of the boiler is improved.