阅读说明：本技术 一种发动机及车辆 (Engine and vehicle ) 是由 唐志刚 潘永传 李哲 田昭杰 张国强 赵成明 于 2021-09-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及交通工具技术领域,公开一种发动机及车辆,发动机包括：缸套、缸盖和活塞；缸套抵接于缸盖,活塞滑动配合于缸套内,用于与缸盖配合形成主燃室；缸盖内形成有预燃室,预燃室靠近活塞的底面形成有喷嘴组,以将预燃室与主燃室连通；缸盖具有与主燃室连通的进气道,以在主燃室形成涡流；喷嘴组与预燃室配合,以在预燃室内形成滚流。由于主燃室内形成涡流,而预燃室内形成滚流,主燃室的涡流场由于存在压力差,使进入预燃室内的气流容易贴壁流动,为预燃室内形成滚流提供了良好条件；预燃室大尺度滚流场与预燃室内火焰发展方向相协调,提高预燃室向主燃室喷射火焰的强度；而主燃室为稳定的涡流场,确保预燃室向主燃室喷射的火焰均匀发展。(The invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, and discloses an engine and a vehicle, wherein the engine comprises: a cylinder liner, a cylinder cover and a piston; the cylinder sleeve is abutted against the cylinder cover, and the piston is in sliding fit in the cylinder sleeve and is used for being matched with the cylinder cover to form a main combustion chamber; a pre-combustion chamber is formed in the cylinder cover, and a nozzle group is formed on the bottom surface of the pre-combustion chamber close to the piston so as to communicate the pre-combustion chamber with the main combustion chamber; the cylinder cover is provided with an air inlet channel communicated with the main combustion chamber so as to form vortex in the main combustion chamber; the nozzle set cooperates with the prechamber to create tumble flow within the prechamber. Because the vortex is formed in the main combustion chamber and the tumble is formed in the precombustion chamber, the vortex field of the main combustion chamber has pressure difference, the airflow entering the precombustion chamber is easy to flow along the wall, and good conditions are provided for the formation of the tumble in the precombustion chamber; the large-scale rolling flow field of the precombustion chamber is coordinated with the development direction of flame in the precombustion chamber, so that the intensity of flame sprayed from the precombustion chamber to the main combustion chamber is improved; the main combustion chamber is a stable vortex field, and the flame sprayed from the precombustion chamber to the main combustion chamber is ensured to be uniformly developed.)

1. An engine, comprising: a cylinder liner, a cylinder cover and a piston; the cylinder sleeve is abutted against the cylinder cover, and the piston is in sliding fit in the cylinder sleeve and is used for being matched with the cylinder cover to form a main combustion chamber;

a pre-combustion chamber is formed in the cylinder cover, and a nozzle group is formed in the bottom surface of the pre-combustion chamber close to the piston so as to communicate the pre-combustion chamber with the main combustion chamber;

the cylinder cover is provided with an air inlet channel communicated with the main combustion chamber, and the air inlet channel is used for forming vortex in the main combustion chamber;

the nozzle set cooperates with the prechamber to create tumble flow within the prechamber.

2. The engine of claim 1, wherein the angle of injection of each nozzle is between 115 ° and 155 ° from the axis of the piston.

3. The engine of claim 1, wherein the prechamber comprises, in order in a direction away from the piston, a first section and a second section;

the ratio D2/D1 of the second segment inner diameter D2 to the first segment inner diameter D1 ranges from 1.5 to 5.

4. The engine of claim 1, wherein the nozzle block is comprised of a plurality of nozzles spaced around the axis of the piston;

and a central hole penetrating through the main combustion chamber and the precombustion chamber is not arranged in the range of an annular area defined by the nozzles.

5. An engine according to claim 4, wherein the top surface of the piston is formed with a recess having an inner profile that tapers to a smaller inner diameter in a direction towards the cylinder head.

6. The engine of claim 5, wherein a raised portion is formed in the middle of the bottom surface of the recess.

7. The engine according to claim 6, characterized in that the cross section of the piston in the axial direction is ω -shaped, so that a main combustion chamber formed by the piston and the cylinder head is an ω -type combustion chamber.

8. A vehicle characterized by comprising the engine of any one of claims 1 to 7.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to an engine and a vehicle.

Background

The combustion chamber of the separated combustion system consists of a main combustion chamber and a precombustion chamber, the two combustion chambers are connected by an injection passage, and the injection passage has a small diameter and an obvious throttling effect, so that the main combustion chamber and the precombustion chamber are mutually influenced and independent.

In the traditional scheme of the separation type combustion system, no better technical scheme is provided for ensuring that the main combustion chamber and the pre-combustion chamber are well matched so as to optimize performance output.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention discloses an engine for ensuring good matching of a main combustion chamber and a precombustion chamber to optimize performance output.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

in a first aspect, an engine is provided, the engine comprising: a cylinder liner, a cylinder cover and a piston; the cylinder sleeve is abutted against the cylinder cover, and the piston is in sliding fit in the cylinder sleeve and is used for being matched with the cylinder cover to form a main combustion chamber; a pre-combustion chamber is formed in the cylinder cover, and a nozzle group is formed in the bottom surface of the pre-combustion chamber close to the piston so as to communicate the pre-combustion chamber with the main combustion chamber; the cylinder cover is provided with an air inlet channel communicated with the main combustion chamber, and the air inlet channel is used for forming vortex in the main combustion chamber; the nozzle set cooperates with the prechamber to create tumble flow within the prechamber.

In the engine, because a vortex is formed in the main combustion chamber and a tumble flow is formed in the precombustion chamber, the vortex field of the main combustion chamber has pressure difference, the airflow entering the precombustion chamber is easy to flow along the wall, good conditions are provided for the formation of the tumble flow in the precombustion chamber, and a stable large-scale tumble flow field is formed; the large-scale rolling flow field of the precombustion chamber is coordinated with the development direction of flame in the precombustion chamber, so that gas in one end of the precombustion chamber far away from a piston can be changed, fresh mixed gas from air intake of the main combustion chamber is always kept in each part in the precombustion chamber, good ignition of the precombustion chamber is ensured, flame development is accelerated, and the combustion speed and the combustion pressure of the precombustion chamber are improved, so that the jet flow strength of flame sprayed from the precombustion chamber to the main combustion chamber is improved, and the combustion of the main combustion chamber is enhanced; the main combustion chamber is a stable vortex field, so that flame sprayed from the pre-combustion chamber to the main combustion chamber can be uniformly developed in all directions, and the combustion of the main combustion chamber is accelerated. The vortex flow field of the main combustion chamber and the rolling flow field of the pre-combustion chamber complement each other, and the vortex flow field and the rolling flow field of the pre-combustion chamber are mutually promoted, so that the stable rolling flow field and the optimal scavenging of the pre-combustion chamber are ensured, and the combustion speed of the main combustion chamber and the pre-combustion chamber is optimized.

Optionally, the angle of injection of each nozzle is between 115 ° and 155 ° to the axis of the piston.

Optionally, the prechamber comprises, in order in a direction away from the piston, a first section and a second section; the ratio D2/D1 of the second segment inner diameter D2 to the first segment inner diameter D1 ranges from 1.5 to 5.

Optionally, the nozzle group consists of a plurality of nozzles spaced around the axis of the piston; and a central hole penetrating through the main combustion chamber and the precombustion chamber is not arranged in the range of an annular area defined by the nozzles.

Optionally, the top surface of the piston is formed with a groove having an inner profile with a gradually decreasing inner diameter in a direction approaching the cylinder head.

Optionally, a protrusion is formed in the middle of the bottom surface of the groove.

Optionally, the cross section of the piston in the axial direction is in an omega shape, so that a main combustion chamber formed by the piston and the cylinder head is an omega-shaped combustion chamber.

The invention also discloses a vehicle for ensuring good matching of the main combustion chamber and the precombustion chamber to optimize performance output.

In a second aspect, a vehicle is provided, the vehicle comprising an engine according to any of the above aspects.

The vehicle and the engine have the same advantages compared with the prior art, and the detailed description is omitted.

Drawings

FIG. 1a is a partial cross-sectional structural view of an engine provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 1b shows the vortex field in the main combustion chamber of FIG. 1 a;

FIG. 1c shows the tumble flow field in the prechamber of FIG. 1 a;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a portion of the engine shown in FIG. 1 a;

FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the prechamber body of FIG. 1 a;

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the flame jet characteristics of the engine of FIG. 1a with a large throat design for the prechamber;

FIG. 5 shows a flame jet characteristic diagram for a small throat design of the prechamber in the engine of FIG. 1 a;

FIG. 6 shows a flame jet characteristics plot for the engine of FIG. 1a with a central hole in the bottom of the prechamber;

FIG. 7 shows a flame jet characteristics plot for the engine of FIG. 1a without a central hole in the bottom of the prechamber;

FIG. 8 shows the air flow distribution in the main combustion chamber and the prechamber of the engine of FIG. 1a when the main combustion chamber is an omega-type combustion chamber;

fig. 9 shows a flame jet characteristic diagram for the engine shown in fig. 1a in which the main combustion chamber is an omega-type combustion chamber.

Icon: 1-a spark plug; 2-cylinder cover; 3-a bushing; 4-cooling water channels; 5-a precombustion chamber body; 51-a second section; 52-first segmentation; 6-an exhaust passage; 7-a piston; 71-a groove; 72 a boss; 8-a main combustion chamber; 9-sealing ring; 10-an air inlet channel; 11-a precombustion chamber; 12-cylinder liner; 13-cylinder liner; 14-flame.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1a and fig. 2, the engine provided by the embodiment of the present application may be an ignition engine such as a natural gas engine and a gasoline engine, and may be a port injection engine. The engine includes: cylinder liner 12, cylinder head 2 and piston 7; the cylinder sleeve 12 is abutted against the cylinder cover 2, and the piston 7 is in sliding fit in the cylinder sleeve 12 and is used for being matched with the cylinder cover 2 to form a main combustion chamber 8; a pre-combustion chamber 11 is formed in the cylinder cover 2, and a nozzle group is formed on the bottom surface of the pre-combustion chamber 11 close to the piston 7 so as to communicate the pre-combustion chamber 11 with the main combustion chamber 8; the cylinder head 2 has an intake passage 10 communicating with the main combustion chamber 8, the intake passage 10 being used to form a swirl in the main combustion chamber 8 (see fig. 1 b); the nozzle group cooperates with the prechamber 11 to create a tumble flow in the prechamber 11 (see fig. 1 c). In addition, an exhaust passage 6 communicated with an air inlet passage 10 communicated with a main combustion chamber 8 is arranged in the cylinder cover 2; the air inlet passage 10 may form a vortex in the main combustion chamber 8 by providing an air guide screen, a tangential air passage, or a spiral air passage. Specifically, a prechamber body 5 can be arranged in the cylinder head 2 as a shell to enclose the prechamber 11, and a cooling water channel 4 can be formed in the circumferential direction of the prechamber body 5 to cool the prechamber 11; the spark plug 1 is fitted to the pre-chamber body 5 through the liner 3, and the spark plug 1 projects into the pre-chamber 11 to ignite the mixed gas in the pre-chamber 11. A sealing ring 9 may be provided between the prechamber body 5 and the cylinder head 2 to prevent blow-by.

In the engine, because a vortex is formed in the main combustion chamber 8 and a tumble flow is formed in the precombustion chamber 11, the vortex field of the main combustion chamber 8 has pressure difference, the airflow entering the precombustion chamber 11 is easy to flow along the wall, good conditions are provided for the formation of the tumble flow in the precombustion chamber 11, and a stable large-scale tumble flow field is formed; the large-scale rolling flow field of the precombustion chamber 11 is coordinated with the development direction of the flame 14 in the precombustion chamber 11, so that gas in one end of the precombustion chamber 11 far away from the piston 7 can be changed, fresh mixed gas fed from the main combustion chamber 8 is always kept in each part of the precombustion chamber 11, good ignition of the precombustion chamber 11 is ensured, the development of the flame 14 is accelerated, the combustion speed and the combustion pressure of the precombustion chamber 11 are improved, and therefore the jet flow strength of the flame 14 sprayed from the precombustion chamber 11 to the main combustion chamber 8 is improved, so that the combustion of the main combustion chamber 8 is enhanced; the main combustion chamber 8 is a stable vortex field, which can ensure that the flame 14 sprayed from the pre-combustion chamber 11 to the main combustion chamber 8 can develop uniformly in all directions, and accelerate the combustion of the main combustion chamber 8. The vortex flow field of the main combustion chamber 8 and the tumble flow field of the precombustion chamber 11 supplement each other, and the vortex flow field and the tumble flow field promote each other, so that the stable tumble flow field of the precombustion chamber 11 and the optimal scavenging are ensured, and the combustion speed of the main combustion chamber 8 and the precombustion chamber 11 is optimized.

In a particular embodiment, the angle of injection of each nozzle 13 is between 115 ° and 155 °, in particular 115 °, 125 °, 135 ° or 155 °, to the axis of the piston 7, when said angle is in this range, it is advantageous for the main chamber 8 to form a pressure difference, adherent flow, through each nozzle 13 of the group of nozzles into the prechamber 11, so as to form a tumble in the prechamber 11.

In a particular embodiment, prechamber 11 comprises, in succession, a first section 52 and a second section 51 in the direction away from piston 7, in fig. 3 reference numbers 52 and 51 actually refer to the outer surface of prechamber body 5, but first section 52 and second section 51 specifically mean the inner spatial section of prechamber 11 in the position referred to in fig. 3; the ratio D2/D1 of the inner diameter D2 of the second section 51 to the inner diameter D1 of the first section 52 ranges from 1.5 to 5; by setting the above proportional relationship of D2 and D1, the prechamber 11 has a large throat; theoretically, if the prechamber 11 adopts a large-throat design, the tumble flow field of the prechamber 11 makes the flame 14 biased (refer to fig. 5), which is not favorable for the uniform jet injection in the prechamber 11; when the prechamber 11 is designed to have a large throat, referring to fig. 4, the first section 52 is easily filled with jet flames, which can ensure the jet uniformity of the prechamber 11 and make the flames 14 jet uniformly toward the main chamber 8.

In a particular embodiment, the nozzle group is formed by a plurality of nozzles 13, the plurality of nozzles 13 being spaced around the axis of the piston 7; and the annular area range surrounded by the plurality of nozzles 13 is not provided with a central hole which penetrates through the main combustion chamber 8 and the precombustion chamber 11. Referring to fig. 6, if a central hole is reserved at the bottom of the prechamber 11, the flame 14 may penetrate too long, and a high-temperature hot spot may be formed at the center of the piston 7, which may affect the reliability of the piston 7. By the above-mentioned design without a central hole as shown in fig. 3, the above-mentioned high-temperature hot spot of the piston 7 can be avoided, and the reliability of the piston 7 can be ensured, and the effect thereof is as shown in fig. 7.

In a specific embodiment, the top surface of the piston 7 is formed with a groove 71, and the inner contour of the groove 71 is tapered in inner diameter in a direction close to the cylinder head 2 to design the piston 7 in a tapered form. By utilizing the compression squish flow and the reverse squish flow, and utilizing the airflow to guide the flame 14 to preferentially develop towards the edge of the piston 7, the effect of controlling the detonation which is frequently generated at the edge of the piston 7 can be achieved.

In a specific embodiment, a convex part 72 is formed in the middle of the bottom surface of the groove 71, so that the volume of the piston main combustion chamber 8 is reduced; the design can avoid the problem that the combustion speed of the main combustion chamber 8 is influenced by small coverage of the flame 14 of the main combustion chamber 8 due to the fact that the central area of the piston 7 is not covered by the flame 14 due to the design without a central hole at the bottom of the pre-combustion chamber 11.

In a specific embodiment, with reference to fig. 8, the axial section of the piston 7 is ω -shaped, so that the main combustion chamber 8 formed by the piston 7 and the cylinder head 2 is a ω -type combustion chamber. The omega-type combustion chamber can simultaneously relieve the problems of knocking and slow combustion speed of the main combustion chamber 8.

Referring to fig. 9, when the angle between the injection angle of each nozzle 13 and the axis of the piston 7 is between 115 ° and 155 °, the optimal jet direction of the prechamber 11 can be directed to the middle position of the side wall of the groove 71, further alleviating the problems of knocking and slow combustion speed of the main combustion chamber 8.

Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application also provides a vehicle, and the vehicle comprises the engine in any technical scheme.

In the vehicle, because a vortex is formed in the main combustion chamber 8 and a tumble flow is formed in the precombustion chamber 11, the vortex field of the main combustion chamber 8 has pressure difference, the airflow entering the precombustion chamber 11 is easy to flow along the wall, good conditions are provided for the formation of the tumble flow in the precombustion chamber 11, and a stable large-scale tumble flow field is formed; the large-scale rolling flow field of the precombustion chamber 11 is coordinated with the development direction of the flame 14 in the precombustion chamber 11, so that gas in one end of the precombustion chamber 11 far away from the piston 7 can be changed, fresh mixed gas fed from the main combustion chamber 8 is always kept in each part of the precombustion chamber 11, good ignition of the precombustion chamber 11 is ensured, the development of the flame 14 is accelerated, the combustion speed and the combustion pressure of the precombustion chamber 11 are improved, and therefore the jet flow strength of the flame 14 sprayed from the precombustion chamber 11 to the main combustion chamber 8 is improved, so that the combustion of the main combustion chamber 8 is enhanced; the main combustion chamber 8 is a stable vortex field, which can ensure that the flame 14 sprayed from the pre-combustion chamber 11 to the main combustion chamber 8 can develop uniformly in all directions, and accelerate the combustion of the main combustion chamber 8. The vortex flow field of the main combustion chamber 8 and the tumble flow field of the precombustion chamber 11 supplement each other, and the vortex flow field and the tumble flow field promote each other, so that the stable tumble flow field of the precombustion chamber 11 and the optimal scavenging are ensured, and the combustion speed of the main combustion chamber 8 and the precombustion chamber 11 is optimized.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.