阅读说明：本技术 一种核电用虹吸井 (Siphon well for nuclear power ) 是由 贲岳 徐梓忻 王丽华 王帅 向杨 韩刚 王晓宇 白莉 刘召平 张畅 郑现超 葛 于 2021-08-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种核电用虹吸井,虹吸井内设有双层实用堰,双层实用堰沿水流方向呈向下倾斜设置,双层实用堰包括下层堰和上层堰,下层堰和上层堰上方分别为用于水流通过的下层流道和上层流道。本发明技术方案在核电厂设置双层组合式实用堰虹吸井,能够有效减少排水口泡沫,改善海域环境,从而减少了后期维护费用和后期海域环境治理费用。(The invention provides a siphon well for nuclear power, wherein a double-layer practical weir is arranged in the siphon well, the double-layer practical weir is arranged in a downward inclination manner along the water flow direction, the double-layer practical weir comprises a lower layer weir and an upper layer weir, and a lower layer runner and an upper layer runner for water flow to pass through are respectively arranged above the lower layer weir and the upper layer weir. According to the technical scheme, the double-layer combined practical weir siphon well is arranged in the nuclear power plant, so that water outlet foams can be effectively reduced, and the sea area environment is improved, so that later maintenance cost and later sea area environment treatment cost are reduced.)

1. The utility model provides a siphon well for nuclear power, its characterized in that is equipped with double-deck practical weir in the siphon well, and double-deck practical weir is the downward sloping setting along the rivers direction, and double-deck practical weir includes lower floor's weir (2) and upper weir (3), and lower floor's weir (2) and upper weir (3) top are lower floor's runner and the upper runner that is used for rivers to pass through respectively.

2. The nuclear power siphon well as defined in claim 1, wherein a first defoaming orifice plate (4) for defoaming the lower layer flow channel is arranged behind the double-layer utility weir.

3. The nuclear power siphon well according to claim 1, characterized in that the weir top of the lower layer weir (2) is connected with a downward vertical baffle (1), and the weir top of the upper layer weir (3) is provided with an extension plate along the water flow direction, and the extension plate is positioned in front of the vertical baffle (1).

4. The siphon well for nuclear power as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the upper weir (3) is provided with a first multistage flow guiding pier (5).

5. The siphon well for nuclear power as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper layer weir (3) is provided with a second defoaming orifice plate (6).

6. The siphon well for nuclear power as claimed in claim 1, wherein the multi-angle baffle (7) is arranged above the upper layer weir (3), and an upper layer flow channel is formed between the upper layer weir (3) and the multi-angle baffle (7).

7. The siphon well for nuclear power as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weir bottom of the upper layer weir (3) is provided with a through hole (8) for communicating the lower layer flow channel and the upper layer flow channel.

8. The siphon well for nuclear power as claimed in claim 7, wherein a guide plate (9) and a third defoaming hole plate (10) are arranged above the through hole (8), and the guide plate (9) and the third defoaming hole plate (10) are connected along the water flow direction.

9. The siphon well for nuclear power as claimed in claim 6, wherein the multi-angle baffle (7) is provided with a fourth defoaming hole plate (11) for defoaming the upper flow channel.

10. The siphon well for nuclear power as claimed in claim 5, wherein the second defoaming orifice plate (6) comprises a plurality of perforated plates arranged along the water flow direction.

11. The nuclear power siphon well according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a water flow afflux baffle (12) is further arranged in the siphon well, the water flow afflux baffle (12) is positioned behind the double-layer practical weir, and an opening for water flow to pass through is arranged on the water flow afflux baffle (12).

12. The nuclear power siphon well according to claim 11, characterized in that a second multistage flow guiding pier (13) is further arranged in the siphon well, and the second multistage flow guiding pier (13) is positioned behind the water flow converging baffle (12).

13. The siphon well for nuclear power as claimed in claim 11, wherein one end of the third defoaming orifice plate (10) is connected with the guide plate (9), and the other end of the third defoaming orifice plate (10) is connected with the multi-angle baffle (7).

14. The siphon well for nuclear power according to claim 12, characterized in that the first multistage flow guiding pier (5) and the second multistage flow guiding pier (13) respectively comprise a plurality of protrusions arranged along the water flow direction, and the protrusions are one or more of polygonal bodies, cones or cylinders.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of siphon wells, and particularly relates to a siphon well for nuclear power.

Background

The coastal nuclear power station adopting the direct-current cooling mode is generally provided with a drainage siphon well so as to reduce the pump lift by utilizing the siphon action. An overflow weir with the top elevation exceeding the average tide level is arranged in the siphon well so as to reduce the influence of the sea tide level change on the upstream section of the siphon well. The free overflow drainage of thin wall weir crest is adopted more in the engineering, causes the hydraulic drop in-process behind the weir to produce strong aqueous vapor mixing to produce the yellowish foam that is difficult for breaing out, form the foam pollution area, the salt water smoke that splashes also can corrode the metal structure near the outlet, in order to reduce the engineering volume during many power station designs in addition, the siphon well size of design is often small partially, leads to the weir to go up the flow state of rivers relatively poor, has aggravated the production of foam more. Once the foams enter the sea area near the water outlet along with water flow, foam pollution areas are formed, visual pollution is formed, and the sea area environment near the power station is influenced.

The flow pattern in a traditional nuclear power drainage siphon well is shown in figure 1. Rivers flow into siphon well anterior segment region from the water inlet, because the velocity of flow of water inlet department is great, rivers can produce the striking to the overflow weir of meeting, and water harmony height can appear in some, and rivers are upwards turned up along the overflow weir, form impact water flow, and some is returned by the striking, forms reverse swirl. And rivers are undulant, also can influence the steady of rivers on the weir, rivers can form the swirl behind the weir wall after the overflow weir, can produce second strand swirl along rivers flow direction simultaneously, and two strands of swirls can produce a large amount of bubbles, seriously influence quality of water and sense organ. When the water level is low in the open sea, the water drop is large, a large amount of bubbles generated in the water jump process behind the weir cannot float to the water surface in time, and then enter a downstream drainage pipeline, so that the bubbles cannot float and break.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a siphon well for nuclear power, which can reduce the influence of foam generated at the outlet of the siphon well on the environment, improve the sea environment and reduce the operation and maintenance cost, and adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a siphon well for nuclear power, is equipped with double-deck practical weir in the siphon well, and double-deck practical weir is the downward sloping setting along the rivers direction, and double-deck practical weir includes lower floor's weir and upper weir, lower floor's weir and upper weir top are lower floor's runner and the upper runner that is used for rivers to pass through respectively.

Preferably, a first defoaming pore plate for defoaming the lower-layer flow channel is arranged behind the double-layer practical weir.

Preferably, the weir top of lower floor's weir is connected with decurrent vertical baffle, and the weir top of upper weir is equipped with the extension board along the rivers direction, and the extension board is located vertical baffle the place ahead.

Preferably, the upper layer weir is provided with a first multi-stage diversion pier.

Preferably, the upper layer weir is provided with a second defoaming hole plate.

Preferably, a multi-angle baffle is arranged above the upper-layer weir, and the upper-layer flow channel is formed between the upper-layer weir and the multi-angle baffle.

Preferably, a through hole for communicating the lower layer flow channel with the upper layer flow channel is arranged on the weir bottom of the upper layer weir.

Preferably, a guide plate and a third defoaming pore plate are arranged above the through hole, and the guide plate and the third defoaming pore plate are connected along the water flow direction.

Preferably, a fourth defoaming hole plate for defoaming the upper flow channel is arranged on the multi-angle baffle.

Preferably, the second defoaming orifice plate is a perforated plate containing a plurality of perforated plates arranged along the water flow direction.

Preferably, still be equipped with rivers and merge the baffle in the siphon well, rivers merge the baffle and are located double-deck practical weir rear, rivers are merged and are equipped with the opening that is used for rivers to pass through on the baffle.

Preferably, a second multi-stage flow guide pier is further arranged in the siphon well and is positioned behind the water flow converging baffle.

Preferably, one end of the third defoaming hole plate is connected with the flow guide plate, and the other end of the third defoaming hole plate is connected with the multi-angle baffle.

Preferably, the first multistage diversion pier and the second multistage diversion pier respectively comprise a plurality of protrusions arranged along the water flow direction, and the protrusions are one or more of a polygonal body, a cone or a cylinder.

The invention has the following beneficial effects: the technical scheme of the invention is that the double-layer combined practical weir siphon well is arranged in the nuclear power plant, although the double-layer combined practical weir siphon well is more complex than the common thin-wall weir siphon well and increases initial investment, better economic benefit, environmental benefit and social benefit can be obtained, water outlet foam can be effectively reduced, and sea area environment can be improved; the siphon well of the invention changes the thin-wall weir into a double-layer combined practical weir so as to reduce vortex behind the weir and reduce the generation of foam, thereby reducing the later maintenance cost and the later sea area environment treatment cost.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a conventional siphon well flow regime;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a nuclear siphon well structure according to the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a vertical baffle; 2. a lower layer weir; 3. an upper weir; 4. a first defoaming orifice plate; 5. a first multi-stage flow guide pier; 6. a second defoaming orifice plate; 7. a multi-angle baffle; 8. a through hole; 9. a baffle; 10. a third defoaming orifice plate; 11. a fourth defoaming orifice plate; 12. the water flow is converged into the baffle; 13. and the second multi-stage diversion pier.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Since the floating speed of bubbles is generally regarded as constant 0.4m/s, a smaller distance between bubbles and the water surface and a smaller moving speed of water flow mean that bubbles can quickly float to the water surface and break down as the moving distance in the horizontal direction of the bubbles is smaller. The siphon well is also based on the principle, can dissipate energy as much as possible, control the water flow speed and keep the flow state of the water flow stable.

A nuclear power siphon well is disclosed, referring to fig. 2, a double-layer practical weir is arranged in the siphon well, the double-layer practical weir is arranged in a downward inclination mode along the water flow direction, the double-layer practical weir comprises a lower layer weir 2 and an upper layer weir 3, a lower layer runner and an upper layer runner for water flow to pass through are respectively arranged above the lower layer weir 2 and the upper layer weir 3, a first defoaming pore plate 4 for defoaming the lower layer runner is arranged behind the double-layer practical weir, a multi-angle baffle 7 is arranged above the upper layer weir 3, the upper layer runner is formed between the upper layer weir 3 and the multi-angle baffle 7, and a fourth defoaming pore plate 11 for defoaming the upper layer runner is arranged on the multi-angle baffle 7; the weir top of the lower layer weir 2 is connected with a downward vertical baffle 1, the weir top of the upper layer weir 3 is provided with an extension plate along the water flow direction, the extension plate is positioned in front of the vertical baffle 1, and the upper layer weir 3 is provided with a second defoaming orifice plate 6 and a first multistage diversion pier 5; be equipped with on the weir bottom of upper weir 3 and be used for through-hole 8 of lower floor's runner and upper runner intercommunication, 8 tops of through-hole are equipped with guide plate 9 and third defoaming orifice plate 10, and third defoaming orifice plate 10 one end is connected with guide plate 9, and the third defoaming orifice plate 10 other end is connected with multi-angle baffle 7.

The inflow enters the siphon well and blocks the deceleration through the vertical baffle 1, the inflow at the top of the weir 2 at the lower layer produces upward water flow due to impact, the inflow tends to be stable after being blocked by the extending plate on the upper layer weir 3, one part of the inflow enters the lower layer flow channel of the weir 2 at the lower layer, and the other part of the inflow enters the upper layer flow channel of the weir 3 at the upper layer. The water entering the upper layer flow channel passes through a second defoaming orifice plate 6 positioned in the upper layer flow channel, exemplarily, the second defoaming orifice plate 6 comprises 1 each of an A-type stainless orifice plate and a B-type stainless orifice plate which are arranged along the water flow direction, bubbles in the water are eliminated by utilizing the tension action of the orifices on the orifice plates in the water, the water passes through a first multi-stage flow guide pier 5 positioned in the upper layer flow channel after multi-stage defoaming and then is subjected to energy dissipation to reduce the flow speed, in addition, the water flow of the upper layer flow channel is prevented from being unstable to form a horizontally rolling vortex under the blocking action of a multi-angle baffle 7, and finally, the water flow of the upper layer flow channel flows out of a double-layer practical weir after being defoamed through a fourth defoaming orifice plate 11 (exemplarily, a D-type stainless orifice plate is selected); the other part gets into the lower floor runner that is located lower floor's weir 2 top, wherein, the double-deck practical weir that flows out behind first defoaming orifice plate 4 (exemplarily, chooseing for use E type stainless steel orifice plate) of rivers that get into lower floor runner, in the other part gets into upper flow channel through-hole 8, in the most bubble of the rivers that get into from through-hole 8 got into the upper flow channel from third defoaming orifice plate 10 (exemplarily, chooseing for use C type stainless steel orifice plate) after the defoaming under the water conservancy diversion of guide plate 9. The principle of the resistance loss of the defoaming orifice plate is as follows: the fluid shrinks in each hole, so that the flow speed is increased when the hole is drilled, the flow direction is changed, the flow speed and the flow direction are changed when the fluid flows out of the hole, and the head loss is generated. The orifice plate has the energy dissipation effect, still has fine flow equalizing characteristic, and behind the orifice plate, the velocity of flow in the siphon well distributes evenly, further makes the bubble can come up to the surface of water, fracture within the short distance, further avoids the formation in open sea foam pollution zone. The type A stainless steel pore plate, the type B stainless steel pore plate, the type C stainless steel pore plate, the type D stainless steel pore plate and the type E stainless steel pore plate are different in pore diameter of the pore plates, and the pore diameter is obtained by optimizing according to a water flow actual test.

Furthermore, a water flow afflux baffle 12 is also arranged in the siphon well, the water flow afflux baffle 12 is positioned behind the double-layer practical weir, and an opening for water flow to pass through is arranged on the water flow afflux baffle 12; and a second multi-stage flow guide pier 13 is also arranged in the siphon well, and the second multi-stage flow guide pier 13 is positioned behind the water flow afflux baffle 12.

Circulating cooling water is discharged from the siphon well, other waste water is discharged after being mixed by the siphon well (such as low-level waste liquid, production waste water and the like), and the flow state of water flow behind a weir of the siphon well can be influenced by the influx of other water quantities, so that a water flow influx baffle 12 is arranged at the rear section of the siphon well into which other water sources are converged, and an opening is reserved from top to bottom for adjusting the confluence flow state; the multistage water conservancy diversion mound is set up before the outer sea is covered in the drainage of rivers in the siphon well, further improves the homogeneity of on-the-way velocity of flow distribution for the bubble can in time come up to the surface of water before the low reaches is covered along with rivers entering, energy dissipation, defoaming requirement when adaptable different tide levels simultaneously.

Further, the first multistage flow guiding pier 5 and the second multistage flow guiding pier 13 respectively comprise a plurality of protrusions arranged along the water flow direction, the protrusions are one or more of polygonal bodies, cones or cylinders, and the number and the shape of the protrusions can be selected according to the flow state of the water flow. A first multistage diversion pier 5 and a second multistage diversion pier 13 are respectively arranged in the runner behind the weir and close to the water outlet of the siphon well, so that the flow state of the water body is stable, a large amount of vortexes are prevented from being generated, and a large amount of air is mixed to form foam.

The sizes of the upper and lower layers of flow passages, the extension lengths and angles of the upper layer of flow passages, the arrangement grades and the aperture sizes of the stainless steel pore plates, the grades and the number of the diversion piers, the angles of the baffles, the diffusion and contraction angles of the siphon wells and the like can be optimized and adjusted through numerical simulation or physical model tests.

The top in the siphon well is also provided with a cross brace for supporting the connection between each equipment structure in the well and the well.

In conclusion, two vortexes are easily generated behind the common thin-wall weir, and one vortex is generated behind the thin-wall weir and below the water tongue, and can be avoided by adopting a practical weir; the one is along with the rivers motion, forms anticlockwise horizontal swirl above the nappe, adopts multistage orifice plate to add multistage water conservancy diversion mound energy dissipation, reduces the velocity of water, and equipartition rivers flow state increases rivers and converges baffle and multiple stainless steel orifice plate behind the practical weir runner of upper strata to increase the resistance and control the flow state, make it produce clockwise horizontal whirl, produce the energy dissipation effect with anticlockwise rotatory rivers, make the air that the aquatic was dissolved simultaneously separate out as early as possible through the orifice plate and form the bubble. The water discharged by the nuclear power station in winter and summer has large change, and the external water level can also change, so the invention uses 2 groups of siphon wells for combined arrangement to adapt to the change of water quantity and water level. Meanwhile, under the working conditions of unit maintenance or accidents, the water quantity is greatly reduced, the problem of overlarge water level change in the siphon well can be avoided only by using one group of siphon wells, and the problem of bubbles formed by a large amount of air entrainment due to overlarge water level difference is also reduced.

The technical scheme of the invention is that the double-layer combined practical weir siphon well is arranged in the nuclear power plant, although the double-layer combined practical weir siphon well is more complex than the common thin-wall weir siphon well and increases initial investment, better economic benefit, environmental benefit and social benefit can be obtained, water outlet foam can be effectively reduced, and sea area environment can be improved; the siphon well changes the thin-wall weir into a double-layer combined practical weir so as to reduce vortex behind the weir; and set up multistage orifice plate and water conservancy diversion mound, improve the on-way rivers flow regime for the bubble can in time come up to the surface of water before the rivers get into the low reaches dark culvert, energy dissipation, defoaming requirement when adaptable different tide levels simultaneously, thereby reduced the production of foam, thereby reduced later maintenance cost and later stage sea area environment improvement expense.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.