阅读说明：本技术 用于ct的准直器 (Collimator for CT ) 是由 司君涛 李万锋 邢占峰 晏雄伟 王鑫 于 2020-10-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于医疗器械技术领域,尤其涉及一种用于CT的准直器,包括固定防护组件、滤过组件以及切片组件。所述滤过组件及切片组件安装于固定防护组件上,射线源射出射线先后经过滤过组件、切片组件到达扫描区域。所述滤过组件根据扫描协议和被扫描件特点选用不同的滤过进行组合,以满足不同类型的扫描工作需求,所述切片组件根据扫描协议规定的层厚,快速调整射线射出准直器的扇束宽度。本发明提供的新准直器结构紧凑,Y方向空间相对较小,方便增大扫描孔径,为做大孔径CT提供可行性条件。(The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a collimator for CT (computed tomography), which comprises a fixed protection assembly, a filtering assembly and a slicing assembly. The filtering component and the slicing component are arranged on the fixed protection component, and rays emitted by the ray source sequentially pass through the filtering component and the slicing component to reach a scanning area. The filtering component selects different filtering for combination according to the scanning protocol and the characteristics of the scanned piece so as to meet the requirements of different types of scanning work, and the slicing component rapidly adjusts the width of a fan beam of the ray emission collimator according to the layer thickness specified by the scanning protocol. The novel collimator provided by the invention has a compact structure, the space in the Y direction is relatively small, the scanning aperture is conveniently increased, and feasible conditions are provided for large-aperture CT.)

1. A collimator for CT, characterized by: the device comprises a fixed protection component, a filtering component and a slicing component, wherein the filtering component and the slicing component are arranged on the fixed protection component, rays emitted by a ray source sequentially pass through the filtering component and the slicing component to reach a scanning area, the filtering component selects different filtering according to scanning protocols and characteristics of a scanned part to perform different types of scanning work, and the slicing component rapidly adjusts the width of a fan beam of the ray emitting collimator according to the layer thickness specified by the scanning protocols.

2. A collimator for CT according to claim 1, characterized in that: the main part of fixed protection component is the box body structure, and the box body structure all has protective material all around for block the scattering and the radiation of ray, reduce unnecessary ray radiation, the both sides wall of box body structure has the higher linear guide mounting hole of axiality, is used for guaranteeing section subassembly and filters the subassembly depth of parallelism, guarantees output ray fan-beam depth of parallelism.

3. A collimator for CT according to claim 1, characterized in that: the filtering component is provided with at least 5 filters, different filters are selected according to the characteristics of the scanned part, and the filters are combined for use and are suitable for various different scanning parts.

4. A collimator for CT according to claim 3, characterized in that: the filtering component comprises a front filtering unit, a rear filtering unit and a filtering power unit, and the filtering power unit is mounted on the side wall of the fixed protection component and penetrates through a shaft hole of the side wall; the filtering power unit comprises a first power unit, a second power unit, a first linear sliding unit and a second linear sliding unit; the first power unit comprises a screw motor and a nut, and the nut is fixed with the front filtering unit together to realize that the screw motor drives the front filtering unit to move along the Z direction of the first linear sliding unit and the second linear sliding unit; the second power unit comprises a screw rod motor and a nut, the nut and the post-filtering unit are fixed together, and the screw rod motor drives the post-filtering unit to move along the Z direction of the first linear sliding unit and the second linear sliding unit.

5. A collimator for CT according to claim 4, characterized in that: the first linear sliding unit comprises a linear guide rail and a linear bearing, the linear bearing is respectively fixed with one side of the front filtering unit and one side of the rear filtering unit, the second linear sliding unit comprises a linear guide rail and a linear bearing, the linear bearing is respectively fixed with the other side of the front filtering unit and the other side of the rear filtering unit, and the first linear sliding unit and the second linear sliding unit are installed in parallel.

6. A collimator for CT according to claim 4, characterized in that: the prefiltration unit comprises a first filter, a second filter and a third filter, wherein the second filter and the third filter are arranged on the first filter; shaft holes are formed in two ends of the first filter and used for installing linear bearings in the first linear sliding unit and the second linear sliding unit, the first filter is connected with a screw rod motor and a nut in the first power unit, and the screw rod motor drives the front filter unit to move in the Z direction; and the first power unit moves the required filter to the position of the scanning surface according to the requirement of the scanning protocol.

7. A collimator for CT according to claim 4, characterized in that: the post-filtering unit comprises a fourth filter and a fifth filter, the sizes of the fourth filter and the fifth filter are different, shaft holes are formed in two ends of the post-filtering unit and used for installing linear bearings in the first linear sliding unit and the second linear sliding unit, and the post-filtering unit is connected with a screw rod motor and a nut in the second power unit so that the screw rod motor drives the post-filtering unit to move in the Z direction; and the second power unit moves the required filter to the position of the scanning surface according to the requirement of the scanning protocol.

8. A collimator for CT according to claim 1, characterized in that: the slicing assembly comprises a front slicing unit, a rear slicing unit and a slicing power unit, wherein the slicing power unit is arranged on the side wall of the fixed protection assembly and penetrates through a side wall shaft hole; the slicing power unit comprises a third power unit, a fourth power unit, a third linear moving unit and a fourth linear moving unit; the third power unit comprises a rotating motor, a coupler, a ball screw and a nut, the third power unit is installed at one end of the side wall of the fixed protection assembly, the fourth power unit comprises a rotating motor, a coupler, a ball screw and a nut, and the fourth power unit is installed at the other end of the side wall of the fixed protection assembly and is parallel to the third power unit; the third linear sliding unit comprises a linear guide rail and two sliding blocks and is arranged in the fixed protection assembly combination body, and the fourth linear sliding unit comprises a linear guide rail and two sliding blocks and is arranged at the other end in the fixed protection assembly combination body and is parallel to the third linear sliding unit.

9. A collimator for CT according to claim 8, characterized in that: the front slicing unit comprises a front slicing support, a slicing piece, a first nut seat and a connecting piece, wherein the first nut seat is fixedly connected with a ball screw nut of the third power unit and can move simultaneously; the front slice support is hollow, slices are placed in the hollow position, and two ends of the front slice support are respectively connected and fixed with the first sliding block in the third linear moving unit and the first sliding block in the fourth linear moving unit; the front slicing support and the first nut seat are connected into a whole through the connecting piece, and the front slicing unit is driven by the third power unit to move in the Z direction.

10. A collimator for CT according to claim 8, characterized in that: the rear slicing unit comprises a rear slicing support, a slicing piece, a second nut seat and a connecting piece, wherein the second nut seat is fixedly connected with a ball screw nut of the fourth power unit and can move simultaneously; the rear slice support is hollow, slices are placed in the hollow position, and two ends of the rear slice support are respectively connected and fixed with a second sliding block in the third linear moving unit and a second sliding block in the fourth linear moving unit; the rear slicing support and the second nut seat are fixedly connected through the connecting piece, and the rear slicing unit moves in the Z direction under the driving of the fourth power unit; and according to the layer thickness specified by the scanning protocol, the third power unit and the fourth power unit control the closed width of the front slice unit and the rear slice unit, so as to realize the control of the width of the ray fan beam.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a collimator for CT.

Background

The collimator is an important component of the CT machine, the collimator is arranged between an X-ray source and a scanning area, and the rationality of the structural design directly influences the quality of CT images. The collimator has two vital functions, namely filtering and blocking the X-ray, wherein the filtering refers to filtering the X-ray according to different characteristics of a scanning part and a scanned part; blocking means that other X-rays are blocked outside a scanning area except the X-ray radiation which must be received by a patient, so that unnecessary ray radiation is reduced, and secondly, according to the difference of the size of a scanning part and a scanning piece, the collimation and the width of the X-ray are controlled while the imaging condition is met, so that the image quality is improved.

The existing CT needs large aperture and large scanning range, and needs to compress the Y-direction space of the collimator under the condition of unchanged original imaging quality and distance so as to increase the scanning aperture. The mounting space on the gantry is small, and the parallelism of the radiation exposure and the Z-direction alignment of the radiation to the imaging area of the detector need to be maintained.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the collimator for the CT, which has small Y-direction space and can well ensure the parallelism of the irradiated rays and the perpendicularity of the rays in the Z direction and the imaging area of the detector.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a collimator for CT comprises a fixed protection component, a filtering component and a slicing component, wherein the filtering component and the slicing component are installed on the fixed protection component, rays emitted by a ray source sequentially pass through the filtering component and the slicing component to reach a scanning area, the filtering component selects different filtering modes according to scanning protocols and characteristics of scanned parts to perform different types of scanning work, and the slicing component rapidly adjusts the width of a fan beam of the rays emitted out of the collimator according to the layer thickness specified by the scanning protocols.

Preferably, the main body of the fixed protection component is a box structure, the periphery of the box structure is provided with protection materials for blocking scattering and radiation of rays and reducing unnecessary ray radiation, and two side walls of the box structure are provided with linear guide rail mounting holes with coaxiality for ensuring the parallelism of the slicing component and the filtering component and ensuring the parallelism of fan beams of output rays.

Preferably, the filtering component comprises a front filtering unit, a rear filtering unit and a filtering power unit, and the filtering power unit is mounted on the side wall of the fixed protection component and penetrates through the shaft hole of the side wall; the filtering power unit comprises a first power unit, a second power unit, a first linear sliding unit and a second linear sliding unit; the first power unit comprises a screw motor and a nut, and the nut is fixed with the front filtering unit together to realize that the screw motor drives the front filtering unit to move along the Z direction of the first linear sliding unit and the second linear sliding unit; the second power unit comprises a screw rod motor and a nut, the nut and the post-filtering unit are fixed together, and the screw rod motor drives the post-filtering unit to move along the Z direction of the first linear sliding unit and the second linear sliding unit.

Preferably, the first linear sliding unit includes a linear guide and two linear bearings, the linear bearings are respectively fixed with one sides of the front filtering unit and the rear filtering unit, the second linear sliding unit includes a linear guide and two linear bearings, the linear bearings are respectively fixed with the other sides of the front filtering unit and the rear filtering unit, and the first linear sliding unit and the second linear sliding unit are installed in parallel.

Preferably, the prefiltration unit comprises a first filter, a second filter and a third filter, wherein the second filter and the third filter are arranged on the first filter; shaft holes are formed in two ends of the first filter and used for installing linear bearings in the first linear sliding unit and the second linear sliding unit, the first filter is connected with a screw rod motor and a nut in the first power unit, and the screw rod motor drives the front filter unit to move in the Z direction; and the first power unit moves the required filter to the position of the scanning surface according to the requirement of the scanning protocol.

Preferably, the post-filtration unit comprises a fourth filter and a fifth filter, both of different sizes; shaft holes are formed in two ends of the post-filtering unit and used for installing linear bearings in the first linear sliding unit and the second linear sliding unit, the post-filtering unit is connected with a screw rod motor and a nut in the second power unit, and the screw rod motor drives the post-filtering unit to move in the Z direction; and the second power unit moves the required filter to the position of the scanning surface according to the requirement of the scanning protocol.

Preferably, the slicing assembly comprises a front slicing unit, a rear slicing unit and a slicing power unit, wherein the slicing power unit is mounted on the side wall of the fixed protection assembly and penetrates through a shaft hole of the side wall; the slicing power unit comprises a third power unit, a fourth power unit, a third linear moving unit and a fourth linear moving unit; the third power unit comprises a rotating motor, a coupler, a ball screw and a nut, the third power unit is installed at one end of the side wall of the fixed protection assembly, the fourth power unit comprises a rotating motor, a coupler, a ball screw and a nut, and the fourth power unit is installed at the other end of the side wall of the fixed protection assembly and is parallel to the third power unit; the third linear sliding unit comprises a linear guide rail and two sliding blocks and is arranged in the fixed protection assembly combination body, and the fourth linear sliding unit comprises a linear guide rail and two sliding blocks and is arranged at the other end in the fixed protection assembly combination body and is parallel to the third linear sliding unit.

Preferably, the front slicing unit comprises a front slicing bracket, slices, a first nut seat and a connecting piece, wherein the first nut seat is fixedly connected with a ball screw nut of the third power unit and can move simultaneously; the front slice support is hollow, slices are placed in the hollow position, and two ends of the front slice support are respectively connected and fixed with the first sliding block in the third linear moving unit and the first sliding block in the fourth linear moving unit; the front slicing support and the first nut seat are connected into a whole through the connecting piece, and the front slicing unit is driven by the third power unit to move in the Z direction.

Preferably, the rear slicing unit comprises a rear slicing support, a slicing piece, a second nut seat and a connecting piece, wherein the second nut seat is fixedly connected with a ball screw nut of the fourth power unit and can move simultaneously; the rear slice support is hollow, slices are placed in the hollow position, and two ends of the rear slice support are respectively connected and fixed with a second sliding block in the third linear moving unit and a second sliding block in the fourth linear moving unit; the rear slicing support and the second nut seat are fixedly connected through the connecting piece, and the rear slicing unit moves in the Z direction under the driving of the fourth power unit; and according to the layer thickness specified by the scanning protocol, the third power unit and the fourth power unit control the closed width of the front slice unit and the rear slice unit, so as to realize the control of the width of the ray fan beam.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the novel collimator provided by the invention has a compact structure, the space in the Y direction is relatively small, and the scanning aperture is conveniently increased; according to different characteristics of the scanned piece, the filtering component can realize the combined use of different filtering according to the requirement; the slice assembly can achieve any desired fan-beam width of the radiation depending on the layer thicknesses of the different scan protocols.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the filter assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a slicer assembly of the present invention;

reference numerals: 1-fixing a protective component; 2-a filtration component; 3-a slicing assembly; 20-a prefiltration unit; 21-a post-filtration unit; 201-first filter; 202-a second filter; 203-third filter; 211-fourth filter; 212-fifth filter; 220-a first rotating electrical machine; 221-a second rotating electrical machine; 222-a first lead screw nut; 223-a second lead screw nut; 224-a first linear guide; 225-a second linear guide; 226-a first linear bearing; 227-a second linear bearing; 228-a third linear bearing; 229-a fourth linear bearing; 301-pre-slicing; 302-front connector; 303-a first lead screw nut seat; 304-anterior slice holder; 311-postslicing; 312-rear attachment; 313-a second lead screw nut seat; 314-posterior slice holder; 320A-a third rotating electrical machine; 321A-a first coupling; 322A-first ball screw; 323A-first lead screw nut; 324A-first slider; 325A-second slide; 326A-third linear guide; 320B-a fourth rotating electrical machine; 321B-a second coupling; 322B-second ball screw; 323B-second feed screw nut; 324B-third slider; 325B-a fourth slider; 326B-fourth linear guide.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples, but the invention is not limited to the scope of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the collimator for CT according to the present invention includes a fixed shield assembly 1, a filtering assembly 2, and a slicing assembly 3, wherein the filtering assembly 2 and the slicing assembly 3 are mounted and fixed on the fixed shield assembly 1. The fixed protective component is mainly of an integrated structure, protective layers are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the integrated structure, scattering and radiation of rays are effectively prevented, and unnecessary ray radiation is reduced.

The filtering component 2 consists of a front filtering unit 20, a rear filtering unit 21 and a filtering power unit, and the filtering power unit consists of a first rotating motor 220; a second rotating electrical machine 221; a first lead screw nut 222; a second lead screw nut 223; a first linear guide 224; a second linear guide 225; a first linear bearing 226; a second linear bearing 227; a third linear bearing 228; a fourth linear bearing 229. The prefiltration unit 20 is composed of a first filter 201; a second filter 202; a third filter 203. The second filter 202 and the third filter 203 are arranged on the first filter 201, the bottom of the first filter 201 is a plane, the top of the first filter 201 is a curved surface, the curved surface is obtained by calculation according to different scanning protocols, two ends of the first filter are provided with linear bearing mounting holes, and the middle of the first filter is provided with a screw nut mounting hole. The first lead screw nut 222 is fixedly installed on the first filter 201, and the second linear bearing 227 and the fourth linear bearing 229 are installed in linear bearing installation holes at two ends of the first filter 201.

The second linear bearing 227 and the fourth linear bearing 229 fixed at both ends of the assembled prefilter unit 20 respectively pass through the first linear guide 224 and the second linear guide 225, and can realize the Z-direction movement of the prefilter unit under the driving of the first rotating motor 220. The first rotating motor 220 is fixed to one side of the fixed protection component 1 and penetrates through the prefiltration unit 20, and two ends of the first linear guide rail 224 and the second linear guide rail 225 are respectively fixed to two side walls of the fixed protection component 1.

The post-filtration unit 21 comprises a fourth filter 211; the bottom surfaces of the fifth filter 212 are coplanar, but the top curved surfaces of the fifth filter are different and are calculated according to different scanning protocols. Two ends of the post-filtering unit 21 are provided with linear bearing mounting holes, and the middle is provided with a screw nut mounting hole. The second lead screw nut 223 is fixedly installed in a middle lead screw nut hole of the rear filter unit 21, and the first linear bearing 226 and the third linear bearing 228 are installed in linear bearing installation holes at both ends of the rear filter unit 21. The first linear bearing 226 and the third linear bearing 228 fixed at two ends of the assembled post-filter unit 21 respectively pass through the first linear guide 224 and the second linear guide 225, and can realize the Z-direction movement of the post-filter unit 21 under the driving of the second rotating motor 221. The fourth filter 211 and the fifth filter 212 can be driven by the second rotating motor according to different scanning pieces to move to the scanning surface, and the second filter 202 and the third filter 203 can be driven by the first rotating motor 220 to move to the scanning surface to realize different combinations. The second rotating electric machine 221 is fixed to the other side of the stationary guard assembly 1 and passes through the post-filter unit 21.

The slicing assembly comprises a front slicing unit, a rear slicing unit and a slicing power unit, wherein the front slicing unit is composed of a front slice 301; a front connector 302; a first lead screw nut mount 303; a front slice holder 304, the rear slice unit being composed of a rear slice 311; a rear connector 312; a second lead screw nut mount 313; a rear slice support 314, the slice power unit being comprised of a third rotary motor 320A; the first coupling 321A; a first ball screw 322A; a first lead screw nut 323A; a first slider 324A; a second slider 325A; a third linear guide 326A; a fourth rotating electrical machine 320B; the second coupling 321B; a second ball screw 322B; a second lead screw nut 323B; the third slider 324B; a fourth slider 325B; a fourth linear guide 326B.

The front slice support 304 is an arc-shaped hollow part, the front slice 301 is also arc-shaped and is fixedly arranged in the front slice support 304, the front slice support 304 is of an arc-shaped structure, so that the filtering component can move in the Z direction, the whole collimator can be compact in the Y direction, and an enough space is provided for a CT large-aperture scanning visual field.

The third linear guide 326A and the fourth linear guide 326B are fixed to the fixed guard assembly 1, and the third linear guide 326A and the fourth linear guide 326B are both installed in parallel. Meanwhile, the first slider 324A and the second slider 325A can slide smoothly along the third linear guide 326A, and the third slider 324B and the fourth slider 325B can slide smoothly along the fourth linear guide 326B. The two ends of the front slice bracket 304 are respectively connected with a first slider 324A and a third slider 324B, the front slice bracket 304 is fixedly connected with a first lead screw nut seat 303 through a front connecting piece 302, and meanwhile, the first lead screw nut seat 303 is fixedly connected with a second lead screw nut 323B. The second screw nut 323B and the second ball screw 322B form a screw nut pair, one end of the second ball screw 322B is fixed on one side wall of the fixed protection component 1, the other end of the second ball screw passes through the fixed protection component 1 to be connected with the second coupler 321B, and the other end of the second coupler 321B is connected with the fourth rotating motor 320B. The fourth rotating motor 320B is connected and fixed with the fixed guard assembly 1 through a fixing mechanism, and the fourth rotating motor 320B realizes the Z-direction movement of the front slicing unit through a second ball screw 322B and a second screw nut 323B.

The rear slicing unit structure is the same as the front slicing unit structure in principle, and all parts are fixed and matched with the reference front slicing unit, so that the third rotating motor 320A finally realizes the Z-direction movement of the front slicing unit through the first ball screw 322A and the first screw nut 323A. According to the layer thickness required by the scanning protocol, the third rotating motor 320A and the fourth rotating motor 320B respectively drive the front slicing unit and the rear slicing unit to the designated positions.

The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the present invention, and the structure, connection mode, manufacturing process, etc. of the components may be changed, and all equivalent changes and modifications performed on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention should not be excluded from the protection scope of the present invention.