阅读说明：本技术 一种混凝土脱模剂及其制备方法和应用 (Concrete release agent and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 胡光伟 张称 徐四龙 高瑞霞 李静 于 2021-09-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种混凝土脱模剂的制备方法,属于混凝土外加剂技术领域。首先,将植物油与司盘等油相表面活性剂混合制备,得到油相溶液；再将水和葡萄糖酸、苯甲酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠等混合制备,得到水相溶液；在特定温度下将水相溶液与油相溶液充分搅拌,得到目标混凝土脱模剂。该方法制备的混凝土脱模剂安全无毒,脱模效果好,成本低,对环境友好,具有广阔的应用前景。(The invention discloses a preparation method of a concrete release agent, and belongs to the technical field of concrete admixtures. Firstly, mixing vegetable oil with oil phase surfactants such as span and the like to prepare an oil phase solution; mixing water with gluconic acid, sodium benzoate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and the like to prepare a water phase solution; and fully stirring the water phase solution and the oil phase solution at a specific temperature to obtain the target concrete release agent. The concrete release agent prepared by the method is safe and nontoxic, has a good release effect, is low in cost, is environment-friendly, and has a wide application prospect.)

1. The concrete release agent is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 40-80 parts of vegetable oil, 0.1-3 parts of span 85, 0.5-4 parts of span 80, 1-5 parts of span 20, 30-60 parts of water, 0.1-2 parts of gluconic acid, 0.1-2 parts of sodium benzoate, 0.2-1 part of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 0.6-2 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 4-10 parts of xanthan gum.

2. A concrete release agent according to claim 1, wherein the average particle diameter of the concrete release agent molecule is 1 to 5 μm.

3. The method for preparing a concrete mold release agent according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising the steps of:

1) preparation of oil phase solution

Heating vegetable oil, adding span 85, span 80 and span 20, and stirring to mix well to obtain oil phase solution;

2) preparation of an aqueous solution

Heating water, adding gluconic acid, sodium benzoate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and xanthan gum, and stirring to mix uniformly to obtain an aqueous phase solution;

3) preparation of concrete mold release agent

Stirring the oil phase solution, adding the water phase solution into the oil phase solution, uniformly mixing, continuously stirring to measure the molecular particle size of the solution, then reducing the stirring speed until the stirring is stopped, and cooling the formed liquid to room temperature to obtain the concrete release agent.

4. The method for preparing the concrete mold release agent according to claim 3, wherein in the step 1), the vegetable oil is heated to 70-85 ℃.

5. The method for preparing the concrete mold release agent according to claim 3, wherein in the step 1), the stirring is performed mechanically at a rotation speed of 700-1000 rpm for 10-30 min.

6. The method for preparing the concrete mold release agent according to claim 3, wherein in the step 2), the water is heated to 65-80 ℃.

7. The method for preparing the concrete mold release agent according to claim 3, wherein in the step 2), the stirring is performed mechanically at a rotation speed of 700-1000 rpm for 10-30 min.

8. The method for preparing a concrete mold release agent according to claim 3, wherein in the step 3), the stirring speed of the aqueous phase solution is 10000-15000 rpm when the oil phase solution is added, the mixture is stirred for 5-20 min after being uniformly mixed, and then the solution molecular particle size is measured.

9. The method for preparing the concrete mold release agent according to claim 3, wherein in the step 3), when the particle size of the solution molecules is measured to be less than 5 microns, the stirring speed is reduced, and the stirring is stopped after the stirring is carried out for 15-30 min.

10. Use of a concrete release agent according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the use of a concrete release agent in concrete release;

the using method comprises the following steps: mixing the concrete release agent and water in a volume ratio of 1:5, uniformly stirring to form concrete release agent emulsion, spraying the concrete release agent emulsion on a template, and performing demolding treatment.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete admixtures, and particularly relates to a concrete release agent, and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

The concrete mold release agent is a substance which is coated or sprayed on the inner wall of a template, can generate a layer of isolating film to play a role in lubrication and isolation, and can effectively reduce the adhesion between concrete and the template, so that the concrete can smoothly separate from the template when the template is removed, and the shape of the concrete is kept intact. Most of the release agents currently used in the concrete industry are mineral oil based, reactive release agents which contain active components that may chemically react with calcium in the fresh cement slurry. However, such release agents are prepared from non-renewable resources, are non-biodegradable, and emit volatile organic compounds into the air, and the surfactants used are mostly non-degradable. Meanwhile, the raw oil in the release agents accounts for a large amount, and some of the raw oil even exceeds 95%, so that the preparation cost of the release agents is high. The plant oil-based release agent is produced by reproducible plants, cannot volatilize and cannot cause environmental pollution. And some biodegradable surfactants are added in the process of preparing the vegetable oil-based release agent, so that the use proportion of raw oil can be effectively reduced, and the preparation cost of the release agent is reduced. Therefore, it is important to develop a concrete mold release agent with low price, environmental friendliness, high stability and good effect.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a concrete release agent, and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the technical problems of poor stability, environment-friendly used preparation raw materials, high preparation cost and poor release effect of the existing concrete release agent.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:

the invention discloses a concrete release agent, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-80 parts of vegetable oil, 0.1-3 parts of span 85, 0.5-4 parts of span 80, 1-5 parts of span 20, 30-60 parts of water, 0.1-2 parts of gluconic acid, 0.1-2 parts of sodium benzoate, 0.2-1 part of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 0.6-2 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 4-10 parts of xanthan gum.

Preferably, the concrete release agent emulsion has an average particle size of 1 to 5 microns.

The invention also discloses a preparation method of the concrete release agent, which comprises the following steps:

1) preparation of oil phase solution

Heating vegetable oil, adding an oil phase surfactant into the vegetable oil, and stirring until the vegetable oil and the oil phase surfactant are uniformly mixed to obtain an oil phase solution;

2) preparation of an aqueous solution

Heating water, adding a water phase surfactant into the water, and stirring the mixture until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a water phase solution;

3) preparation of concrete mold release agent

Stirring the oil phase solution, adding the water phase solution into the oil phase solution, uniformly mixing, continuously stirring to measure the molecular particle size of the solution, then reducing the stirring speed until the stirring is stopped, and cooling the formed liquid to room temperature to obtain the concrete release agent.

Preferably, in step 1), the oil phase surfactant is span 85, span 80 or span 20.

Preferably, in the step 1), the vegetable oil is heated to 70-85 ℃; the stirring is mechanically stirred for 10-30 min at the rotating speed of 700-1000 rpm.

Preferably, in step 2), the water phase surfactant is gluconic acid, sodium benzoate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate or xanthan gum.

Preferably, in the step 2), the water is heated to 65-80 ℃.

Preferably, in the step 2), the stirring is mechanically stirred for 10-30 min at the rotating speed of 700-1000 rpm.

Preferably, in the step 3), when the aqueous phase solution is added into the oil phase solution, the stirring speed is 10000-15000 rpm, after the mixture is uniformly mixed, the solution is stirred for 5-20 min, the solution molecular particle size is measured, when the solution molecular particle size is less than 5 microns, the stirring speed is reduced, the stirring is carried out for 15-30 min, and then the stirring is stopped.

The concrete release agent and water are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:5, the mixture is uniformly stirred to form concrete release agent emulsion, and the concrete release agent emulsion is sprayed on a template for demolding.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the components of the concrete release agent disclosed by the invention comprise aqueous phase surfactants of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) and Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate (SDBS), the surface tension can be effectively reduced, the service life of the product is prolonged, the HLB (hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value) of oil phase surfactants of span 85, span 80 and span 20 is lower, the lipophilicity is better, and stable emulsion can be obtained after the oil phase surfactants are compounded with the aqueous phase surfactants; vegetable oil is used as an oil phase medium, and compared with engine oil used for preparing release agents in other markets, the plant oil contains fewer volatile organic compounds and is environment-friendly; the novel concrete release agent is added with xanthan gum, has a thickening function, can greatly improve the stability, and does not have the phenomena of emulsification, layering, sedimentation and flocculation after being placed for a plurality of days; the product is added with the preservative sodium benzoate, so that the product has good chemical resistance, is not easy to decompose, meets the actual use requirement and enlarges the actual application range; the invention adds the gluconic acid which can play a role in improving the moisture retention and exfoliating performance and enabling the mould to be bright in the release agent; compared with the prior art, the part proportioning relation of various reagents in the concrete release agent prepared by the invention can play the role of various surfactants to the greatest extent by mass parts, so that the obtained sample has good stability and excellent release effect.

Furthermore, the average particle size of the molecules of the concrete release agent emulsion prepared by the invention is 1-5 microns, the particle size is relatively small, and the stability of the release agent emulsion can be improved, so that the phenomena of emulsion breaking, layering and the like do not occur.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the concrete release agent, which is simple in preparation method and low in cost of adopted raw materials, wherein the cost of the raw materials for preparing each kilogram of the novel release agent is only 4.5-10 yuan, and compared with the price of 20-25 yuan per kilogram of the existing release agent on the market, the cost is greatly reduced.

The concrete release agent is applied to concrete demoulding, the safe demoulding effect is good, the surface drying and film forming time is 20 minutes through experimental tests, the concrete adhesion is lower than 3.0g/m2, no adverse effect is caused on secondary operations such as plastering on the concrete surface, the steel mould modification area ratio is lower than 0.2, and the performance requirement is met. The concrete demolding agent has the advantages of excellent isolation performance, easy mold disassembly, good chemical resistance, difficult decomposition, low cost, environmental friendliness, wide application prospect and great application potential in actual concrete demolding.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a concrete mold release agent synthesized in example 1 of the present invention after being left for 14 days;

FIG. 2 is a graph comparing the concrete release agent synthesized in example 1 of the present invention with other release agents after being left for 12 hours;

FIG. 3 is a comparison of the concrete release agent synthesized in example 1 of the present invention with other release agent release samples;

wherein A-other mold release agents; b-the concrete release agent prepared by the invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

example 1

A preparation method of a concrete release agent comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: preparing an oil phase solution. Adding 50 parts by mass of vegetable oil into a beaker, heating to 80 ℃, adding 1.0 part of span 85, 1.5 parts of span 80 and 1.0 part of span 20 oil phase surfactant, and mechanically stirring at the rotating speed of 800rpm for 15 min;

step two: an aqueous phase solution was prepared. Adding 40 parts of water into a new beaker, heating to 75 ℃, then adding 0.5 part of gluconic acid, 1.0 part of sodium benzoate, 1.2 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.5 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 5.0 parts of xanthan gum and other water-phase surfactants, and mechanically stirring for 15min at the rotating speed of 700 rpm;

step three: slowly adding the water phase solution into the oil phase solution under mechanical stirring at the rotating speed of 12000rpm, continuously stirring for 20min after uniform mixing, measuring the particle size of the mixture by using a laser particle size analyzer, continuously stirring for 15min when the obtained particle size is less than 5 microns, gradually reducing the rotating speed, and cooling the formed emulsion to room temperature to obtain the concrete release agent, wherein the components of the concrete release agent are shown in table 1.

Table 1: composition of novel concrete release agent

After the viscosity of the obtained novel release agent is maintained, the novel release agent is diluted by 5 times by water, a sample is placed into a bottle, the bottle is stored at room temperature for 14 days, and the sample is observed to be stable without separation phenomenon, as shown in figure 1. The effect of this release agent when compared with other release agents after 12 hours at room temperature is shown in fig. 2. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the sample remained stable after 12 hours of standing, no demulsification and delamination occurred, and other release agents were already oil-water separated. As shown in FIG. 3, when the concrete mold release agent (B) prepared by the present invention was compared with the mold release samples of other mold release agents (A), it was observed that A had much bubbles and had quality defects, whereas the concrete mold release agent prepared by the present invention had good mold release effects and almost no obvious bubbles and defects were observed.

Example 2

A preparation method of a concrete release agent comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: adding 60 parts by mass of vegetable oil into a beaker, heating to 75 ℃, adding 2.0 parts of span 85, 3.0 parts of span 80 and 2.0 parts of span 20 as oil phase surfactant, mechanically stirring at 900rpm for 10min, and obtaining oil phase solution after the surfactant is completely dissolved;

step two: adding 50 parts of water into a new beaker, heating to 70 ℃, then adding 1.0 part of gluconic acid, 1.5 parts of sodium benzoate, 2.0 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.0 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 8.0 parts of water phase surfactant of xanthan gum, mechanically stirring for 10min at the rotating speed of 800rpm, and obtaining water phase solution after the surfactant is completely dissolved;

step three: slowly adding the water phase solution into the oil phase solution under the mechanical stirring at the rotating speed of 13000rpm, continuously stirring for 30min after completely adding, measuring the particle size of the solution by using a laser particle size analyzer, continuously stirring for 15min when the obtained particle size is less than 5 microns, gradually reducing the rotating speed, and cooling the formed emulsion to room temperature to obtain the concrete release agent, wherein the components of the concrete release agent are shown in table 2.

Table 2: composition of novel concrete release agent

Example 3

A preparation method of a concrete release agent comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: adding 65 parts by mass of vegetable oil into a beaker, heating to 70 ℃, adding 1.5 parts by mass of span 85, 2.0 parts by mass of span 80 and 1.5 parts by mass of span 20 oil phase surfactant, mechanically stirring at the rotating speed of 700rpm for 20min, and obtaining an oil phase solution after the surfactant is completely dissolved;

step two: adding 30 parts of water into a new beaker, heating to 65 ℃, then adding 1.5 parts of gluconic acid, 2.0 parts of sodium benzoate, 1.5 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 2.0 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 9.0 parts of aqueous phase surfactant of xanthan gum, mechanically stirring at the rotating speed of 1000rpm for 20min, and obtaining aqueous phase solution after the surfactant is completely dissolved;

step three: slowly adding the water phase solution into the oil phase solution under mechanical stirring at the rotating speed of 14000rpm, continuously stirring for 30min after completely adding, measuring the particle size of the solution by using a laser particle size analyzer, continuously stirring for 15min when the obtained particle size is less than 5 microns, gradually reducing the rotating speed, and cooling the formed emulsion to room temperature to obtain the concrete release agent, wherein the components of the concrete release agent are shown in Table 3.

Table 3: composition of novel concrete release agent

Example 4

A preparation method of a concrete release agent comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: adding 55 parts by mass of vegetable oil into a beaker, heating to 85 ℃, adding 2.5 parts by mass of span 85, 4.0 parts by mass of span 80 and 5.0 parts by mass of span 20 oil phase surfactant, mechanically stirring at the rotating speed of 1000rpm for 25min, and obtaining an oil phase solution after the surfactant is completely dissolved;

step two: adding 60 parts of water into a new beaker, heating to 75 ℃, then adding 0.5 part of gluconic acid, 2.0 parts of sodium benzoate, 0.5 part of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.0 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 10 parts of aqueous phase surfactant of xanthan gum, mechanically stirring for 25min at the rotating speed of 800rpm, and obtaining aqueous phase solution after the surfactant is completely dissolved;

step three: slowly adding the water phase solution into the oil phase solution under mechanical stirring at the rotating speed of 15000rpm, continuously stirring for 15min after completely adding, measuring the particle size of the solution by using a laser particle size analyzer, continuously stirring for 15min when the obtained particle size is less than 5 microns, gradually reducing the rotating speed, and cooling the formed emulsion to room temperature to obtain the concrete release agent, wherein the components of the concrete release agent are shown in table 4.

Table 4: composition of novel concrete release agent

Example 5

A preparation method of a novel concrete release agent comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: adding 80 parts by mass of vegetable oil into a beaker, heating to 75 ℃, adding 2.5 parts by mass of span 85, 3.0 parts by mass of span 80 and 5.0 parts by mass of span 20 as oil phase surfactant, mechanically stirring at the rotating speed of 800rpm for 15min, and obtaining oil phase solution after the surfactant is completely dissolved;

step two: adding 30 parts of water into a new beaker, heating to 60 ℃, then adding 1.0 part of gluconic acid, 1.5 parts of sodium benzoate, 2.0 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.5 parts of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 9.0 parts of aqueous phase surfactant of xanthan gum, mechanically stirring for 15min at the rotating speed of 900rpm, and obtaining aqueous phase solution after the surfactant is completely dissolved;

step three: slowly adding the water phase solution into the oil phase solution under mechanical stirring at the rotating speed of 14000rpm, continuously stirring for 15min after completely adding, measuring the particle size of the solution by using a laser particle size analyzer, continuously stirring for 15min when the obtained particle size is less than 5 microns, gradually reducing the rotating speed, and cooling the formed emulsion to room temperature to obtain the novel concrete release agent, wherein the components of the novel concrete release agent are shown in table 5.

Table 5: composition of novel concrete release agent

Example 6

A preparation method of a novel concrete release agent comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: adding 70 parts by mass of vegetable oil into a beaker, heating to 80 ℃, adding 4.0 parts of span 85, 3.0 parts of span 80 and 2.5 parts of span 20 oil phase surfactant, mechanically stirring at the rotating speed of 700rpm for 10min, and obtaining oil phase solution after the surfactant is completely dissolved;

step two: adding 45 parts of water into a new beaker, heating to 70 ℃, then adding 0.5 part of gluconic acid, 2.0 parts of sodium benzoate, 1.5 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.0 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 10 parts of aqueous phase surfactant of xanthan gum, mechanically stirring for 10min at the rotating speed of 900rpm, and obtaining aqueous phase solution after the surfactant is completely dissolved;

step three: slowly adding the water phase solution into the oil phase solution under mechanical stirring at the rotating speed of 15000rpm, continuously stirring for 15min after completely adding, measuring the particle size of the solution by using a laser particle size analyzer, continuously stirring for 15min when the obtained particle size is less than 5 microns, gradually reducing the rotating speed, and cooling the formed emulsion to room temperature to obtain the novel concrete release agent, wherein the components of the novel concrete release agent are shown in table 6.

Table 6: composition of novel concrete release agent

After the viscosity of the release agent is kept, the release agent is diluted by 5 times by water, a sample is placed into a bottle, and the sample is stored at room temperature for 14 days and monitored, so that the sample can be observed to be stable and has no separation phenomenon. The experimental test shows that the surface drying film-forming time is 20 minutes, the demolding can be smoothly carried out, and the concrete adhesion is lower than 3.0g/m²The secondary operations such as plastering on the concrete surface and the like are not adversely affected, and the steel mould modification area ratio is lower than 0.2, so that the performance requirement is met.

The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.