阅读说明：本技术 一种压缩空气储能与核能耦合调峰的实现方法 (Method for realizing compressed air energy storage and nuclear energy coupling peak shaving ) 是由 崔福东 刘勇 陈福 冯伟波 张毅 于 2021-09-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种压缩空气储能与核能耦合调峰的实现方法,所述方法包括以下步骤：步骤S1、当电网对汽轮发电机发出的电量消纳不足时,空气经消声器进入空气压缩机中被压缩成高温高压空气；步骤S2、高温高压空气进入一级释热换热器；步骤S3、将一级释热换热器中的气体输送至二级释热换热器中；步骤S4、将二级释热换热器中的气体输送至三级释热换热器中,将三级换热器中的气体输送至储气库内；步骤S5、将储气库内的气体输送至一级吸热换热器中进行吸热；步骤S6、将加热后的空气输送至二级吸热换热器中；步骤S7、将二级吸热换热器加热后的高温高压空气输送至膨胀机内驱动发电机发电；本发明能够实现核电机组进行储能和释能进而在发电侧调峰。(The invention provides a method for realizing compressed air energy storage and nuclear energy coupling peak shaving, which comprises the following steps: step S1, when the power generated by the turbo generator is not enough consumed by the power grid, the air enters the air compressor through the silencer and is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure air; step S2, the high-temperature and high-pressure air enters a first-stage heat release heat exchanger; step S3, conveying the gas in the first-stage heat release heat exchanger to the second-stage heat release heat exchanger; step S4, conveying the gas in the secondary heat release heat exchanger to the tertiary heat release heat exchanger, and conveying the gas in the tertiary heat exchanger to a gas storage; step S5, conveying the gas in the gas storage to a primary heat absorption heat exchanger for heat absorption; step S6, conveying the heated air to a secondary heat absorption heat exchanger; step S7, conveying the high-temperature and high-pressure air heated by the secondary heat absorption heat exchanger into an expander to drive a generator to generate electricity; the invention can realize energy storage and energy release of the nuclear power unit so as to adjust the peak at the power generation side.)

1. A method for realizing compressed air energy storage and nuclear energy coupling peak shaving is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step S1, when the power generated by the turbo generator is not enough consumed by the power grid, the air enters the air compressor through the silencer and is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure air;

step S2, the high-temperature and high-pressure air enters a first-stage heat release heat exchanger, the feed water led out after passing through a feed water pump and in front of a high-pressure heater enters the first-stage heat release heat exchanger, the first-stage heat release heat exchanger heats the feed water and then enters a feed water booster pump, and the pressurized feed water and the feed water in the high-pressure heater enter a steam generator;

step S3, conveying the gas in the first-stage heat release heat exchanger to a second-stage heat release heat exchanger, conveying the condensed water led out by a condensed water pump and a second-stage low-pressure heating chamber to the second-stage heat release heat exchanger, heating the condensed water by the second-stage heat release heat exchanger, conveying the heated condensed water to a condensed water booster pump, and conveying the pressurized condensed water into a second-stage low-pressure heater and a first-stage low-pressure heater;

step S4, conveying the gas in the secondary heat release heat exchanger to the tertiary heat release heat exchanger, and conveying the gas in the tertiary heat exchanger to a gas storage;

step S5, conveying the gas in the gas storage to a primary heat absorption heat exchanger for absorbing heat, conveying condensed water after passing through a secondary low-pressure heater and before passing through a primary low-pressure heater to the primary heat absorption heat exchanger for heating the gas, and conveying the condensed water to a condenser after heating;

step S6, conveying the heated air to a secondary heat absorption heat exchanger, heating the steam from a steam generator to a high-pressure cylinder, cooling the heated steam into condensed water, and conveying the condensed water to a high-pressure heater;

and step S7, conveying the high-temperature and high-pressure air heated by the secondary heat absorption heat exchanger into the expander to drive the generator to generate power, thereby realizing peak shaving of the power grid.

2. The method for realizing the peak shaving by coupling the compressed air energy storage with the nuclear energy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the gas storage in the step S4 includes a closed cold water inlet pipe and a closed cold water outlet pipe, the water inlet of the third-level heat-releasing heat exchanger is connected to the closed cold water inlet pipe, the water outlet of the third-level heat-releasing heat exchanger is connected to the closed cold water outlet pipe, the air outlet of the third-level heat-releasing heat exchanger is connected to the gas storage, and the gas storage is connected to the first-level heat-absorbing heat exchanger.

3. The method for realizing the peak shaving by coupling the compressed air energy storage with the nuclear energy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the steam outlet of the steam generator is connected with a high-pressure cylinder, the high-pressure cylinder is connected with the high-pressure heater and the steam-water re-separator, the primary low-pressure heater and the water feed pump are connected with a deaerator, the outlet of the steam-water re-separator is connected with a low-pressure cylinder, and the outlet of the low-pressure cylinder is connected with the primary low-pressure heater and the secondary low-pressure heater.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of physical energy storage, in particular to a method for realizing compressed air energy storage and nuclear energy coupling peak shaving.

Background

With the clean low-carbon transformation of an energy power system, nuclear power is taken as one of basic power sources of a zero-carbon energy system, the effect of supporting a power grid to consume a high proportion of new energy is highlighted, and the situation of the synergistic development of the nuclear power and other new energy is accelerated.

The traditional compressed air energy storage system is a physical energy storage system developed based on the gas turbine technology, and in the electricity utilization valley, air is compressed and stored in an air storage chamber, so that electric energy is converted into internal energy of the air to be stored; during the peak of electricity utilization, high-pressure air is released from the air storage chamber, enters the combustion chamber of the gas turbine to be combusted with fuel, and then drives the turbine to generate electricity. In recent years, scholars at home and abroad develop technologies including heat storage type compressed air energy storage, supercritical compressed air energy storage and the like in succession, in the novel compressed air energy storage technologies, reasonable utilization of compression heat release and preheating of expansion gas influence system energy storage performance, and initial investment and operating cost of a compressed air energy storage system are further improved due to the use of heat storage equipment.

Based on the thermal medium characteristics of the thermodynamic system of the nuclear power unit, the operation characteristics of heat release in the energy storage stage and heat absorption in the energy release stage of compressed air, the compressed air energy storage technology is necessary to be organically applied to the nuclear power unit.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for realizing energy storage and energy release and peak shaving on a power generation side of a nuclear power generating unit.

The invention is realized by adopting the following method: a method for realizing compressed air energy storage and nuclear energy coupling peak shaving comprises the following steps:

step S1, when the power generated by the turbo generator is not enough consumed by the power grid, the air enters the air compressor through the silencer and is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure air;

step S2, the high-temperature and high-pressure air enters a first-stage heat release heat exchanger, the feed water led out after passing through a feed water pump and in front of a high-pressure heater enters the first-stage heat release heat exchanger, the first-stage heat release heat exchanger heats the feed water and then enters a feed water booster pump, and the pressurized feed water and the feed water in the high-pressure heater enter a steam generator;

step S3, conveying the gas in the first-stage heat release heat exchanger to a second-stage heat release heat exchanger, conveying the condensed water led out by a condensed water pump and a second-stage low-pressure heating chamber to the second-stage heat release heat exchanger, heating the condensed water by the second-stage heat release heat exchanger, conveying the heated condensed water to a condensed water booster pump, and conveying the pressurized condensed water into a second-stage low-pressure heater and a first-stage low-pressure heater;

step S4, conveying the gas in the secondary heat release heat exchanger to the tertiary heat release heat exchanger, and conveying the gas in the tertiary heat exchanger to a gas storage;

step S5, conveying the gas in the gas storage to a primary heat absorption heat exchanger for absorbing heat, conveying condensed water after passing through a secondary low-pressure heater and before passing through a primary low-pressure heater to the primary heat absorption heat exchanger for heating the gas, and conveying the condensed water to a condenser after heating;

step S6, conveying the heated air to a secondary heat absorption heat exchanger, heating the steam from a steam generator to a high-pressure cylinder, cooling the heated steam into condensed water, and conveying the condensed water to a high-pressure heater;

step S7, the high-temperature and high-pressure air heated by the secondary heat absorption heat exchanger is conveyed into an expander to drive a generator to generate power,

thereby realizing the peak shaving of the power grid.

Further, the gas storage in step S4 includes a closed cold water inlet pipe and a closed cold water outlet pipe, the water inlet of the third-stage heat-releasing heat exchanger is connected to the closed cold water inlet pipe, the water outlet of the third-stage heat-releasing heat exchanger is connected to the closed cold water outlet pipe, the air outlet of the third-stage heat-releasing heat exchanger is connected to the gas storage, and the gas storage is connected to the first-stage heat-absorbing heat exchanger.

Furthermore, a steam outlet of the steam generator is connected with a high-pressure cylinder, the high-pressure cylinder is connected with the high-pressure heater and the steam-water re-separator, the primary low-pressure heater and the water feed pump are connected with the deaerator, an outlet of the steam-water re-separator is connected with a low-pressure cylinder, and an outlet of the low-pressure cylinder is connected with the primary low-pressure heater and the secondary low-pressure heater.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can further improve the nuclear energy utilization efficiency, improve the utilization hours of the unit, compared with the conventional heat accumulating type compressed air energy storage system with heat accumulation, the invention is more suitable for the coupling peak shaving of the compressed air energy storage and the nuclear power, the system is relatively simple, when the nuclear power unit needs to properly peak shaving, the electric energy generated by the turbonator is used for driving the compressor to compress the air, the high-temperature and high-pressure compressed air output by the compressor is cooled by the water supply, the condensed water and the closed cold water, and the cooled compressed air enters the air storage to be stored, thereby realizing the energy storage when the peak shaving is properly carried out; when the power generation and supply requirements of the nuclear power unit are increased, the compressed air output by the air storage tank is heated through the condensed water and the heat of the main steam, and the expander can do work by utilizing the high-temperature and high-pressure air heated by the heater.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides an embodiment: a method for realizing compressed air energy storage and nuclear energy coupling peak shaving comprises the following steps:

step S1, when the power generated by the turbo generator is not enough consumed by the power grid, the air enters the air compressor through the silencer and is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure air;

step S2, the high-temperature and high-pressure air enters a first-stage heat release heat exchanger, the feed water led out after passing through a feed water pump and before a high-pressure heater enters the first-stage heat release heat exchanger, the first-stage heat release heat exchanger heats the feed water and then enters a feed water booster pump, and the pressurized feed water and the feed water in the high-pressure heater enter a steam generator;

step S3, conveying the gas in the first-stage heat release heat exchanger to a second-stage heat release heat exchanger, conveying the condensed water led out by a condensed water pump and a second-stage low-pressure heating chamber to the second-stage heat release heat exchanger, conveying the condensed water to a condensed water booster pump after the condensed water is condensed and heated by the second-stage heat release heat exchanger, and conveying the condensed water into a second-stage low-pressure heater and a first-stage low-pressure heater after the condensed water is pressurized;

step S4, conveying the gas in the secondary heat release heat exchanger to the tertiary heat release heat exchanger, and conveying the gas in the tertiary heat exchanger to a gas storage;

step S5, conveying the gas in the gas storage to a primary heat absorption heat exchanger for absorbing heat, conveying condensed water after passing through a secondary low-pressure heater and before passing through a primary low-pressure heater to the primary heat absorption heat exchanger for heating the gas, and conveying the condensed water to a condenser after heating;

step S6, conveying the heated air to a secondary heat absorption heat exchanger, heating the steam from a steam generator to a high-pressure cylinder, cooling the heated steam into condensed water, and conveying the condensed water to a high-pressure heater;

step S7, the high-temperature and high-pressure air heated by the secondary heat absorption heat exchanger is conveyed into an expander to drive a generator to generate power,

thereby realizing the peak shaving of the power grid.

The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples:

referring to fig. 2, when the electric grid cannot completely absorb the electric power generated by the turbo generator 3, air enters the electrically driven air compressor 1 generated by the turbo generator 3 through the muffler 2, and the air in the air compressor 1 is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure air by atmospheric pressure and then discharged, wherein the number of compressor stages is matched as required;

in order to store the compressed air conveniently, the compressed air needs to be cooled, the invention innovatively provides the method for recovering the heat of the compressed air in a conventional island thermodynamic system, and the main flow is as follows: high-temperature and high-pressure air firstly enters a primary heat release heat exchanger 4, feed water is led out from the back of a feed water pump 41 and the front of a high-pressure heater 5 and enters the primary heat release heat exchanger 4, the air in the primary heat release heat exchanger 4 is cooled to the intermediate temperature, the feed water is heated and then enters a feed water booster pump 6, and cooling water is boosted and then is converged with the feed water in the high-pressure heater 5 to enter a steam generator 7; the air comes out of the first-stage heat-releasing heat exchanger 4 and then enters the second-stage heat-releasing heat exchanger 8, condensed water is led out of the second-stage heat-releasing heat exchanger 8 from the condensate pump 9 and the front of the second-stage low-pressure heater 10 and then enters the second-stage heat-releasing heat exchanger 8, the air is further cooled in the second-stage heat-releasing heat exchanger 8, the cooling water is heated and then enters the condensed water booster pump 11, and the condensed water returns to a thermodynamic system between the second-stage low-pressure heater 10 and the first-stage low-pressure heater 12 after passing through the condensed water booster pump 11; the air comes out from the second-level heat-releasing heat exchanger 8 and then enters the third-level heat-releasing heat exchanger 13, the plant-area closed cold water cools the air to the atmospheric temperature through the closed cold water inlet pipe 16 and then returns to a plant-area closed cold water system through the closed cold water outlet pipe 17, and the heat in the third-level heat-releasing heat exchanger 13 flows out of the system through the closed cold water; the air cooled in the three-stage heat release heat exchanger 13 enters the air storage 18 for high-pressure storage.

The high-pressure air is led out from the gas storage 18 through a pipeline, firstly absorbs heat in the primary heat absorption heat exchanger 14, is heated by condensed water led out from the secondary heat absorption heat exchanger 19 and in front of the primary low-pressure heater 12, and the condensed water is returned to the condenser 15 after heat release in the primary heat absorption heat exchanger 14; the primarily heated air enters the secondary heat absorption heat exchanger 19, the air in the secondary heat absorption heat exchanger 19 is heated by saturated steam which is led to the high-pressure cylinder 20 by the steam generator 7, the steam is cooled into water after the air is heated by the steam, the water flows into the high-pressure heater 5 automatically, and the heated high-temperature high-pressure air pushes the expander 22 to drive the generator 30 to generate electricity so as to finish power grid peak regulation.

The steam outlet of the steam generator 7 is connected with a high-pressure cylinder 20, the high-pressure cylinder 20 is connected with the high-pressure heater 5 and the steam-water re-separator 21, the primary low-pressure heater 12 and the water feed pump 41 are connected with a deaerator 24, the outlet of the steam-water re-separator 21 is connected with a low-pressure cylinder 23, and the outlet of the low-pressure cylinder 23 is connected with the primary low-pressure heater 12 and the secondary low-pressure heater 10. The steam is delivered to a high pressure cylinder 20 through a steam outlet of the steam generator 7 for pressure relief, then delivered to a steam-water re-separator 21 for steam-water separation, and then delivered to a low pressure cylinder 23 for pressurization after the steam-water separation, and then the primary low pressure heater 12 and the secondary low pressure heater 10 are heated through the low pressure cylinder 23.

The air compressor, the expander, the primary heat release heat exchanger, the secondary heat release heat exchanger, the tertiary heat release heat exchanger, the gas storage, the primary heat absorption heat exchanger, the secondary heat absorption heat exchanger, the feed water booster pump, the condensed water booster pump, the muffler, the high-pressure heater, the primary low-pressure heater, the secondary low-pressure heater, the feed water pump, the condensed water pump, the closed cold water inlet pipe, the closed cold water outlet pipe, the condenser, the steam generator, the high-pressure cylinder, the turbine generator, the expander generator, the deaerator, the low-pressure cylinder and the moisture separator reheater are all the prior art, and the skilled person can clearly understand that the detailed description is omitted.

In a word, the invention fully combines the conditions of steam, water temperature and pressure parameters of each device inlet and outlet of the nuclear power conventional island thermodynamic system and organically combines the conditions with the existing heat accumulating type compressed air energy storage technology, on the basis, the thermodynamic system is used for finishing heat accumulation and release of the compressed air system, and energy storage and release are carried out according to the power generation requirement of a nuclear power unit by a power grid, so that the effect of peak regulation at the power generation side is achieved.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.