阅读说明：本技术 基于固态相变压卡效应的制冷元件和固态制冷系统 (Refrigeration element based on solid-state phase-change pressure clamping effect and solid-state refrigeration system ) 是由 李昺 宋睿琪 张志东 张哲� 于 2021-10-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于固态相变压卡效应的制冷元件和固态制冷系统,属于制冷技术领域。该制冷元件包括圆柱形腔体,圆柱形腔体内部可以设置垂直型样品分隔架、多层圆环型样品分隔架或多层方型样品分隔架。样品分隔架可以将压卡材料有序的固定于腔体内部,当加压装置经输油口向圆柱形腔体中输入抗磨压油为整个腔体提供压力时,高压使得压卡材料发生相变释放出热量,由抗磨压油携带热量通向热端换热器；接着由高压电动注射泵经输油口为圆柱形腔体内卸压,压热材料卸压后发生相变吸收热量由抗磨压油携带冷量通向冷端换热器。反复对制冷元件内的压卡材料进行加压、卸压操作,从而实现连续的制冷过程。(The invention discloses a solid-state phase-change pressure clamping effect-based refrigeration element and a solid-state refrigeration system, and belongs to the technical field of refrigeration. The refrigeration element comprises a cylindrical cavity, wherein a vertical sample separation frame, a multilayer circular sample separation frame or a multilayer square sample separation frame can be arranged in the cylindrical cavity. The sample separation frame can orderly fix the pressure card material in the cavity, when the pressurizing device inputs anti-wear pressure oil into the cylindrical cavity through the oil delivery port to provide pressure for the whole cavity, the pressure causes the pressure card material to generate phase change to release heat, and the heat carried by the anti-wear pressure oil is led to the hot end heat exchanger; and then the pressure is relieved in the cylindrical cavity by a high-pressure electric injection pump through the oil delivery port, and the pressure-heat material is subjected to pressure relief, then phase change is generated to absorb heat, and the cold energy carried by the anti-wear pressure oil is transmitted to the cold-end heat exchanger. The operations of pressurizing and releasing the pressure of the card pressing material in the refrigeration element are repeated, so that the continuous refrigeration process is realized.)

1. A refrigeration component based on solid-state phase transition pressure card effect, its characterized in that: the refrigeration element comprises a cylindrical cavity (3), a cavity upper cover (1) and a base (5), wherein a cold end heat exchanger liquid outlet (2), a cold end heat exchanger liquid inlet (4), a hot end heat exchanger liquid inlet (6), an oil delivery port (7) and a hot end heat exchanger liquid outlet (8) are respectively arranged on the side wall of the cylindrical cavity; wherein the bottom of the cylindrical cavity is fixedly connected with the base, the upper part of the cavity is connected with the upper cover, and the cylindrical cavity is used for containing the card pressing material.

2. A solid state phase change pressure card effect based refrigeration element as recited in claim 1 further characterized by: the interior of the cylindrical cavity is provided with a replaceable sample separation frame for placing a card pressing material in the cavity.

3. A solid state phase change pressure card effect based refrigeration element as recited in claim 2 further characterized by: the sample separation frame is a vertical sample separation frame (31) and comprises a card pressing material filling area (32) and a separation frame base (33), a plurality of support rods are arranged on the vertical sample separation frame base (33) in an array mode, and the card pressing material filling area (32) is formed by intervals among the support rods.

4. A solid state phase change pressure card effect based refrigeration element as claimed in claim 2 wherein: the sample separating frame is a multilayer annular sample separating frame (34), each layer of annular separating frame comprises a plurality of concentric rings, the concentric rings are supported in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of each layer respectively through a longitudinal fixing support (35) and a transverse fixing support (36), and the intervals between the concentric rings form a card pressing material filling area (37).

5. A solid state phase change pressure card effect based refrigeration element as claimed in claim 2 wherein: the sample separation frame is a multi-layer square sample separation frame (38) and comprises a separation frame base (39) and independent frame units (40) which are stacked in an array mode and located on the base (39), a card pressing material filling area (310) is formed in each frame unit, all frame units on the bottommost layer are fixed with the base (39) respectively, and the frame units located on the upper layer are fixedly connected with the frame units on the adjacent lower layer in the direction perpendicular to the base.

6. A solid state phase change pressure card effect based refrigeration element as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the upper end and the lower end of the right side cylinder wall of the cylindrical cavity (3) are provided with openings, wherein the upper end openings are communicated with a cold end heat exchanger liquid outlet (2), the lower end openings of the right side cylinder wall of the cylindrical cavity (3) are communicated with the cold end heat exchanger liquid inlet (2), and sealing filter screens are arranged at the upper end openings and the lower end openings.

7. A solid state phase change pressure card effect based refrigeration element as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the opening in the middle of the front surface of the cylindrical cavity (3) is communicated with the oil delivery port (7); openings are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the left side cylinder wall of the cylindrical cavity (3), wherein the upper end opening is communicated with a hot end heat exchanger liquid outlet (8), the lower end opening of the right side cylinder wall of the cylindrical cavity (3) is communicated with a cold end heat exchanger liquid inlet (6), and sealing filter screens are arranged at the upper end opening and the lower end opening; the upper cover is connected with the upper part of the cylindrical cavity (3) in a freely detachable sealing installation manner, and a sealing rubber ring is arranged at the joint.

8. A solid state phase change pressure card effect based refrigeration element as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the refrigeration element further includes a pressure control valve for controlling at least one of the liquid flow paths.

9. A solid state phase change pressure card effect based refrigeration element as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the liquid which is input into the cavity through the oil delivery port (7) and flows through the cold end heat exchanger liquid outlet (2), the cold end heat exchanger liquid inlet (4), the hot end heat exchanger liquid inlet (6) and the hot end heat exchanger liquid outlet (8) is anti-wear hydraulic oil.

10. A solid state refrigeration system based on the piezothermal effect comprising a refrigeration element according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of refrigeration, and particularly relates to a refrigeration element based on a solid-state phase-change pressure clamping effect and a solid-state refrigeration system.

Background

In the field of conventional refrigeration, gas compression refrigeration technology has always dominated. The refrigerating working media perfluorocarbon and hydrofluorocarbon used in the traditional refrigerating technology are overtemperature chamber effect gases, which are obviously not beneficial to the continuous promotion of China to the aim of carbon neutralization. The solid-state refrigeration technology has the advantages of low energy consumption, low noise, environmental protection and the like, and is always a research focus in the novel refrigeration technology. The solid state refrigeration technology principle is mainly based on one or more of the magnetocaloric effect, the electrothermal effect, the elastic heating effect and the pressure heating effect of the solid state material. The pressure-heat effect is easy to develop in practical application due to the advantages of excellent material, low application cost of a stress field, convenience and the like.

The principle of the pressure-heat effect refrigeration is that pressure is applied to a material with a phase change process, and the pressure can effectively drive the material to generate phase change, so that the material absorbs heat from a load to achieve the purpose of refrigeration. Pressure is the primary driver throughout the refrigeration process and is also a critical point in the refrigeration cycle. In a refrigerator based on the pressure-heat effect, a refrigerating element part of a pressure-driven material for phase change is a bridge for connecting a cold end and a hot end, and plays a leading part in the whole heat conduction process. The reversibility of refrigerating working medium, pressure transmission medium and pressure relief is the core problem of determining whether the pressure-heat effect refrigerating element can effectively drive solid phase-change refrigeration. Therefore, the invention provides a refrigeration element based on the piezothermal effect for the design of the piezothermal effect, and the refrigeration element is suitable for a solid-state refrigeration system taking the piezothermal effect as a principle.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a refrigeration element and a solid-state refrigeration system based on a solid-state phase-change pressure-clamping effect. In the invention, the pressure card refrigeration element utilizes the principle to enable the material placed in the pressure card refrigeration element to generate phase change under the driving of external pressure so as to absorb heat from a load to achieve the purpose of refrigeration.

In the present application, the pressure regulation means is pressure control for pressurizing and depressurizing the inside of the card pressing member by a pressurizing device.

In the refrigeration element, the sample separation frame can fix the pressure card materials such as spheres inside the cavity, arrange the pressure card materials into required array structures according to requirements, or directly stack the pressure card materials at the bottom of the cavity. The used card pressing material has the characteristic of phase change driven by pressure, the refrigeration element is connected to a card pressing refrigeration system, heat and cold generated by phase change can be transported to the whole system by wear-resistant hydraulic oil, and the card pressing material in the refrigeration element is repeatedly pressurized and decompressed, so that a continuous refrigeration process is realized.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a refrigeration element based on solid phase transition pressure clamping effect comprises a cylindrical cavity, an upper cover of the cavity, a base, and a cold end heat exchanger liquid outlet, a cold end heat exchanger liquid inlet, a hot end heat exchanger liquid inlet, an oil delivery port and a hot end heat exchanger liquid outlet which are positioned on the side wall of the cavity; wherein the bottom of the cylindrical cavity is fixedly connected with the base, the upper part of the cavity is connected with the upper cover, and the cylindrical cavity is used for accommodating a card pressing material. According to a preferable mode, a replaceable sample separation frame can be additionally arranged in the cylindrical cavity and used for placing a card pressing material in the cavity, the separation frame is a vertical sample separation frame and comprises a card pressing material filling area and a separation frame base, a plurality of support rods are arranged on the separation frame base in an array mode, and the card pressing material filling area is formed by intervals among the support rods. In another preferred mode, the sample separation frame can be replaced by a multilayer annular sample separation frame, each layer of annular separation frame comprises a plurality of concentric rings, the concentric rings are supported in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of each layer respectively through a longitudinal fixing support and a transverse fixing support, and the intervals between the concentric rings form a card pressing material filling area. In another preferred mode, the sample separation rack can be replaced by a multi-layer square sample separation rack, and comprises a separation rack base and independent frame units which are stacked in an array mode and located on the base, a card pressing material filling area is formed in each frame unit, each frame unit at the bottommost layer is fixed with the base, and the frame unit located at the upper layer is fixedly connected with the frame unit at the adjacent lower layer in the direction perpendicular to the base. The upper and lower ends of the right side cylinder wall of the cylindrical cavity are provided with openings, wherein the upper end openings are communicated with the liquid outlet of the cold end heat exchanger, the lower end openings of the right side cylinder wall of the cylindrical cavity are communicated with the liquid inlet of the cold end heat exchanger, and the upper and lower end openings are provided with sealing filter screens. The opening in the middle of the front surface of the cylindrical cavity is communicated with the oil delivery port; the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder wall on the left side of the cylindrical cavity are provided with openings, wherein the upper end openings are communicated with a liquid outlet of the hot end heat exchanger, the lower end openings of the cylinder wall on the right side of the cylindrical cavity are communicated with a liquid inlet of the cold end heat exchanger, and the upper end openings and the lower end openings are provided with sealing filter screens. The upper cover is connected with the upper part of the cylindrical cavity in a freely detachable sealing installation manner, and a sealing rubber ring is arranged at the joint. The liquid which is input into the cavity from the oil input port and flows through the liquid outlet of the cold end heat exchanger, the liquid inlet of the hot end heat exchanger and the liquid outlet of the hot end heat exchanger is anti-wear hydraulic oil.

The low-carbon environment-friendly refrigeration system meets various refrigeration requirements and can effectively replace the traditional gas compression refrigeration mode. In the using process, a certain amount of samples can be directly accumulated in the cylindrical cavity, so that the operation is convenient; the sample can be placed in the separation frame of the corresponding type according to the requirement, so that the sample is convenient to replace, the sample is effectively prevented from moving, and the loss caused by crushing of the sample due to mutual collision and extrusion in the cavity is reduced; the array type sample arrangement mode is neat in internal structure, so that the phase change process of the card pressing material can be fully performed, and meanwhile, the separation frame can contain more samples; the design that the pressure card material in the refrigeration element is in direct contact with liquid for heat exchange can transfer heat between fluid and the material, the heat loss is small, a larger heat exchange area exists between a sample and the fluid, the heat exchange efficiency is higher, and the smooth flow of the fluid in the refrigeration element is convenient and ensured. Compared with a mechanical pressure applying mode, the sample is more uniformly pressed, the pressure transmission rate is higher, the pressure application is more accurate, the pressurization and pressure relief operations are simple, and the pressurization and pressure relief processes can be quickly realized.

When the anti-wear hydraulic oil is input into the cavity inside the refrigerating element through the oil delivery port 7, the pressure is transmitted to the pressure clamping material fixed in the cavity through the anti-wear hydraulic oil, and the sealed filter screens are respectively fixed on the liquid outlet of the cold-end heat exchanger, the liquid inlet of the hot-end heat exchanger, the liquid outlet of the hot-end heat exchanger and the oil delivery port, so that a pipeline can be effectively prevented from being blocked by a sample, and the sample can be effectively prevented from flowing out along with the liquid; the hydraulic pump in the refrigeration system is matched, so that the fluid in the cavity can flow in and out conveniently to realize the circulation process in the whole system, thereby playing the refrigeration effect.

The pressure card refrigeration element can be applied to a solid-state refrigeration system taking pressure driving as a core component. The refrigeration element can also be applied to a pressure clamping material with opposite pressure and heat effects, for example, a material which absorbs heat in a pressurizing process and releases heat in a pressure releasing process, and the refrigeration cycle process of the abnormal pressure clamping material can be completed only by mounting a pipeline at the cold end heat exchanger end and a pipeline at the hot end heat exchanger end of the refrigeration element in a system in a reversed way.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an external three-view of a card pressing refrigeration element.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a refrigeration unit with vertical sample separation racks mounted therein; (a) a longitudinal section; (b) cross-sectional view.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a refrigeration unit having a multi-layer ring-type sample divider mounted therein; (a) a longitudinal section; (b) cross-sectional view.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a refrigeration unit having a multi-layered square sample holder mounted therein; (a) a longitudinal section; (b) cross-sectional view.

Figure 5 is a diagram of a card press refrigeration system including a refrigeration component.

Wherein: 1-cavity upper cover, 2-cold end heat exchanger liquid outlet, 3-cylindrical cavity, 4-cold end heat exchanger liquid inlet, 5-base, 6-hot end heat exchanger liquid inlet, 7-oil delivery port, 8-hot end heat exchanger liquid outlet, 31-vertical type sample separation frame, 32-clamping material filling area, 33-separation frame base, 34-multilayer circular type sample separation frame, 35-sample separation frame longitudinal fixing support, 36-sample separation frame transverse fixing support, 37-clamping material filling area, 38-multilayer square type sample separation frame, 39-separation frame base, 310-clamping material filling area, and 40-independent frame type unit.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, the refrigeration component based on the solid phase transition pressure clamping effect includes a cavity upper cover 1, a cold-end heat exchanger liquid outlet 2, a cylindrical cavity 3, a cold-end heat exchanger liquid inlet 4, a base 5, a hot-end heat exchanger liquid inlet 6, an oil delivery port 7, and a hot-end heat exchanger liquid outlet 8. The structure is as follows: an upper end opening of the right side cylinder wall of the cylindrical cavity 3 is communicated with a liquid outlet 2 of the cold end heat exchanger, and a lower end opening of the right side cylinder wall of the cylindrical cavity 3 is communicated with a liquid inlet 2 of the cold end heat exchanger; the opening in the middle of the front surface of the cylindrical cavity 3 is communicated with an oil delivery port 7; the bottom of the cylindrical cavity 3 is fixedly connected with the base 5; the upper end opening of the left side cylinder wall of the cylindrical cavity 3 is communicated with a hot end heat exchanger liquid outlet 8, and the lower end opening of the right side cylinder wall of the cylindrical cavity 3 is communicated with a cold end heat exchanger liquid inlet 6; the upper part of the cylindrical cavity 3 is connected with the upper cover 1 of the cavity, the installation and the sealing can be freely disassembled, and the sealing rubber ring is arranged at the joint. And sealing filter screens are respectively fixed in the parts such as the cold end heat exchanger liquid outlet 2, the cold end heat exchanger liquid inlet 4, the hot end heat exchanger liquid inlet 6, the hot end heat exchanger liquid outlet 8 and the like, and are used for preventing a sample from blocking a pipeline and preventing the sample from flowing out along with liquid.

The main body of the refrigeration element is a cylindrical structure with a cylindrical cavity, the cylinder body is made of a material with better pressure resistance, such as a stainless steel material, the bottom of the cylinder body is sealed and fixed on the base 5, and the upper end of the cylinder body is provided with the upper cover 1 of the cavity which can be freely mounted and dismounted.

The card pressing material is pretreated before being placed in the cylindrical cavity 3. Preferably, the card pressing material is pre-pressed and formed, such as a spherical structure, the shape, size and number of which are determined according to the use condition, so as to achieve uniform arrangement of pressure and heat and increase of heat transfer efficiency, and other shapes and structures, such as a cylinder, a circular sheet, a cube and the like, can be selected as the card pressing material.

In the refrigerating process, the sample can be directly stacked and placed at the bottom of the cylindrical cavity 3. In a preferred embodiment, the cavity interior of the pressure card refrigeration element of the invention can contain different replaceable sample separation frames, so that the pressure card material filled into the cavity interior can be separately fixed in the cavity. When used, the sample spacer is as shown in fig. 2-4. Fig. 2 shows a vertical sample separation rack 31, which includes a card pressing material filling area 32 and a separation rack base 33, wherein a plurality of support rods are arranged on the separation rack base 33 in an array manner, and the space between the support rods forms the card pressing material filling area.

Fig. 3 shows a multilayer circular sample separator 34, each layer of circular sample separator includes a plurality of concentric rings, the concentric rings are respectively supported and connected in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of each layer by a longitudinal fixing support 35 and a transverse fixing support 36, and a material filling area 37 for card pressing is formed between the concentric rings. Preferably, the interval gap between each sample material can be properly adjusted according to needs in the same ring, so that the heat exchange fluid can flow back and forth in the gap conveniently, the heat exchange area is further enlarged, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.

Fig. 4 shows a multi-layer square sample spacer 38, which comprises a spacer base 39, and a plurality of independent frame-shaped units 40 stacked in an array on the base 39, wherein each independent frame-shaped unit 40 is a strip-shaped hollow rectangular structure; a card pressing material filling area 310 is arranged in each frame unit, and each frame unit positioned at the bottommost layer is respectively fixed with the base 39; in the direction vertical to the base, in the same vertical column, the frame unit positioned at the upper layer is fixedly connected with the adjacent frame unit at the lower layer. Preferably, a plurality of corresponding clamping grooves are arranged in each independent frame unit 40, and the positions and the number of the clamping grooves are designed so that the spacing gaps among the sample materials can be properly adjusted in the same frame unit according to needs, and the heat exchange area is further enlarged; preferably, the interval between every frame unit can be adjusted as required, the smooth circulation of liquid of being convenient for enlarges heat transfer area, increases the efficiency of heat transfer simultaneously.

The pressure card refrigerating element can bear the pressure of 400MPa at most. Preferably, the sample separation bracket designed in the interior is made of a material with higher compressive strength, such as a metal material with high compressive strength, stainless steel and the like; preferably, the surface of the material is coated with a thermally insulating material to minimize heat dissipation during heat exchange with the sample.

As shown in fig. 5, when the refrigeration element of the present invention is used in a refrigeration system, the pressurizing device injects wear-resistant hydraulic oil into the cylindrical cavity 3 and the entire system pipeline through the oil inlet 7, so as to ensure that all samples are immersed in the hydraulic oil, at this time, the cavity upper cover 1 is connected with the cylindrical cavity 3, the middle is fixed and sealed by a rubber ring, and the fluid inside the cavity is pressurized by matching with the pressurizing device.

In the pressurizing process, a cold end heat exchanger liquid outlet 2, a cold end heat exchanger liquid inlet 4, a hot end heat exchanger liquid inlet 6 and a hot end heat exchanger liquid outlet 8 are closed under the action of a pressure control valve, high-pressure fluid transmits pressure to a sample in the cavity, the pressure is maintained for a period of time, a pressure clamping material is driven by the pressure to change phase, the temperature of the sample is increased, the temperature of the fluid in the cavity is increased, then pressure control valves of the left hot end heat exchanger liquid inlet 6 and the left hot end heat exchanger liquid outlet 8 are opened, high-temperature fluid is transmitted to a hot end through the hot end heat exchanger liquid outlet 8 by a hydraulic pump, the high-temperature fluid flows through the hot end heat exchanger to exchange heat with hot end load and then flows through the hot end heat exchanger liquid inlet 6 to flow back to the inside of the cylindrical cavity 3, and the pressure control valves of the hot end heat exchanger liquid inlet 6 and the hot end heat exchanger liquid outlet 8 are closed. The pressurization device carries out pressure relief operation on the pressure in the cylindrical cavity 3 through the oil delivery port 7, the pressure card material reaches phase change pressure in the pressure relief process to generate phase change, the temperature of a sample is reduced, the temperature of fluid in the cavity is reduced, low-temperature fluid in the cylindrical cavity 3 is transmitted to the cold end through the liquid outlet 2 of the cold end heat exchanger by the hydraulic pump, the low-temperature fluid in the cold end heat exchanger carries out heat exchange on cold energy brought out of a refrigeration element and cold end load and then flows back to the cavity through the liquid inlet 4 of the cold end heat exchanger, and therefore a circulation process is completed, and the refrigeration effect is achieved.

The pressure card material in the refrigeration element is repeatedly pressurized and depressurized, and the fluid circularly exchanges heat in the system, so that the continuous refrigeration process is realized.

Other preferences

Each and every compatible combination of the above-described embodiments is explicitly disclosed herein as if each and every combination was individually and explicitly recited.

Various other aspects and embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art in view of this disclosure.