阅读说明：本技术 加氢站冷水机组冷冻水流量调节方法及系统 (Method and system for adjusting chilled water flow of water chilling unit of hydrogen station ) 是由 方沛军 宣锋 李美林 姜方 伍远安 曹俊 于 2021-09-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及冷却系统控制领域,提供一种加氢站冷水机组冷冻水流量调节方法及系统,包括：获取加氢管路氢气数据、车载瓶氢气数据和车载瓶充满状态氢气数据；设置车载瓶充装结束时允许的温度最大值,计算获得车载瓶与环境换热量；通过车载瓶充装结束时允许的温度最大值、车载瓶与环境换热量和车载瓶充满状态氢气数据,计算获得管路氢气最高允许温度；通过站控系统获取管路氢气当前温度,通过管路氢气最高允许温度和管路氢气当前温度对冷冻水流量进行调节。本发明有效避免“大流量小温差”的现象从而减小冷水机组的能耗,计算方法考虑了车载瓶与周围环境的换热,更贴近实际的加氢过程,减小了计算误差。(The invention relates to the field of cooling system control, and provides a method and a system for adjusting the flow of chilled water of a cold water unit of a hydrogenation station, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring hydrogen data of a hydrogenation pipeline, hydrogen data of a vehicle-mounted bottle and hydrogen data of a full state of the vehicle-mounted bottle; setting the maximum temperature value allowed when the vehicle-mounted bottle is filled, and calculating to obtain the heat exchange quantity between the vehicle-mounted bottle and the environment; calculating to obtain the highest allowable temperature of the pipeline hydrogen according to the maximum allowable temperature when the vehicle-mounted bottle is filled, the heat exchange quantity between the vehicle-mounted bottle and the environment and the hydrogen data of the full state of the vehicle-mounted bottle; the current temperature of the pipeline hydrogen is obtained through a station control system, and the flow of the chilled water is adjusted through the maximum allowable temperature of the pipeline hydrogen and the current temperature of the pipeline hydrogen. The method effectively avoids the phenomenon of large flow and small temperature difference, so that the energy consumption of the water chilling unit is reduced, the heat exchange between the vehicle-mounted bottle and the surrounding environment is considered, the method is closer to the actual hydrogenation process, and the calculation error is reduced.)

1. A method for adjusting the flow rate of chilled water of a cold water unit of a hydrogenation station is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: acquiring hydrogen data of a hydrogenation pipeline through a station control system, and acquiring hydrogen data of a vehicle-mounted bottle and hydrogen data of a full state of the vehicle-mounted bottle through a vehicle-mounted monitoring system;

s2: setting the maximum temperature T allowed at the end of filling a vehicle bottle_maxAnd the maximum temperature T allowed when the filling of the vehicle-mounted bottle is finished is determined by the hydrogen data of the hydrogenation pipeline, the hydrogen data of the vehicle-mounted bottle, the hydrogen data of the full state of the vehicle-mounted bottle and the maximum temperature T allowed when the filling of the vehicle-mounted bottle is finished_maxAnd calculating to obtain the heat exchange quantity Q between the vehicle-mounted bottle and the environment_S；

S3: by the maximum temperature T allowed at the end of filling of said vehicle bottle_maxThe heat exchange quantity Q between the vehicle-mounted bottle and the environment_SAnd the vehicle-mounted bottle full state hydrogen data, and calculating to obtain the maximum allowable temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen;

s4: acquiring the current temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen through the station control system₁And current flow m₁The maximum allowable temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen and the current temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen are measured₁And the current flow m₁The flow of the chilled water is regulated.

2. The method for adjusting chilled water flow of a chiller of a hydrogen refueling station according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the hydrogen data of the hydrogen pipeline comprises: temperature T of hydrogen in hydrogenation pipeline₁And pressure P₁；

The on-vehicle bottle hydrogen data includes: temperature T of hydrogen in vehicle-mounted bottle₂Pressure P₂And mass M₂；

The vehicle bottle full state hydrogen data includes: pressure P of hydrogen in full state of vehicle-mounted bottle₀And total mass M₀。

3. The chilled water flow regulating method for the cold water unit of the hydrogen station as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step S2, the heat exchange quantity Q between the vehicle-mounted bottle and the environment_SThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:

Q_s＝M₀c_v0T_max-M₂c_v2T₂-(M₀-M₂)c_p1T₁

wherein, c_v0A constant volume specific heat capacity of hydrogen in a full state of a vehicle-mounted bottle, c_v2C is the constant volume specific heat capacity of hydrogen in the vehicle-mounted bottle when the filling is not started, c_p1Is the constant pressure specific heat capacity, T, of hydrogen in the hydrogenation pipeline_maxThe maximum temperature allowed at the end of filling the vehicle bottle.

4. The chilled water flow regulating method for a cold water set of a hydrogen refueling station as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step S3, the maximum allowable temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen is calculated as follows:

wherein V is the total volume of the vehicle-mounted bottle, c_pThe constant pressure specific heat capacity of the hydrogen in the hydrogenation pipeline when the hydrogen is at the maximum allowable temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen is shown, R is a first calculation constant, and alpha is a second calculation constant.

5. The method for adjusting the chilled water flow of the cold water unit of the hydrogen refueling station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S4 is specifically as follows:

s41: obtaining the current flow m₁The maximum allowable temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen and the current temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen are measured₁And the current flow m₁Calculating to obtain the optimal water outlet flow m;

s42: the current temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen₁Comparing the maximum allowable temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen when T is higher than T>T₁Reducing the water outlet flow of the water chilling unit until the water outlet flow is reduced to the optimal water outlet flow m; when T is equal to T₁In time, the water outlet flow of the water chilling unit is kept unchanged; when T is<T₁And increasing the water outlet flow of the water chilling unit until the water outlet flow is increased to the optimal water outlet flow m.

6. The chilled water flow regulating method for a cold water set of a hydrogen refueling station as claimed in claim 5, wherein in step S41, the optimal water outlet flow m is calculated by the following formula:

wherein c is the specific heat capacity of the chilled water, delta t is the temperature difference of the water supply and return of the water chilling unit, and m₁As the current flow rate, c_p1The constant pressure specific heat capacity of the hydrogen in the hydrogenation pipeline.

7. A cold water flow regulating system of a hydrogen station water chilling unit, which is used for realizing the cold water flow regulating method of the cold water unit of the hydrogen station according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and is characterized by comprising the following steps: the system comprises a station control system, a hydrogenation machine, a hydrogenation pipeline, a fuel cell vehicle, a vehicle-mounted monitoring system, a water chilling unit and a regulating valve;

the station control system is electrically connected with the hydrogenation machine, the hydrogenation machine is connected with the fuel cell vehicle, the hydrogenation pipeline is arranged inside the hydrogenation machine, the vehicle-mounted monitoring system is located inside the hydrogenation machine, a water inlet of the hydrogenation machine is connected with one end of the regulating valve and a water outlet of the water chilling unit, and a water outlet of the hydrogenation machine is connected with the other end of the regulating valve and the water inlet of the water chilling unit.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of cooling system control, in particular to a method and a system for adjusting the flow rate of chilled water of a cold water unit of a hydrogen station.

Background

With the rapid development and application of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in China, the construction demand of hydrogen stations for providing hydrogen sources for fuel cells is also increasing. The hydrogen station is used as a whole flow center for hydrogen production, storage, transportation and filling, and the safety problem is worthy of attention. The hydrogen gas is inflammable and explosive under high temperature conditions, so the temperature control of the hydrogen gas is particularly important in the operation of the hydrogen station.

In order to avoid that the temperature of the hydrogen cannot meet the safety requirement under the full-load operation condition, a high-power water chilling unit with lower outlet water temperature is usually selected to provide the cooling capacity required for cooling the hydrogen before hydrogenation when the hydrogenation station is designed. However, the operation of the hydrogen station is often not under the full load condition, which causes the refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit when the flow of chilled water is not changed to have a large margin in practice, thereby causing the phenomenon of large flow and small temperature difference, and causing the unit to have large energy consumption waste while meeting the refrigerating capacity.

At present, the operation of a precooling system of a hydrogen station is controlled only by considering the state of a vehicle-mounted gas cylinder to judge the on-off of a water chilling unit, the hydrogen state on a pipeline and the heat transfer from the vehicle-mounted gas cylinder to the surrounding environment are not considered at the same time, the temperature rise is controlled by adjusting the hydrogenation rate, the passive temperature control is achieved, and the active accurate temperature control is achieved by adjusting the flow of chilled water.

The above is only for the purpose of assisting understanding of the technical aspects of the present invention, and does not represent an admission that the above is prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to solve the technical problem that active and accurate temperature control cannot be realized because the hydrogen state on a pipeline and heat transfer from a vehicle-mounted bottle to the surrounding environment are not considered simultaneously in the control of a pre-cooling system of a hydrogenation station in the prior art.

In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a method for adjusting the flow rate of chilled water of a cold water unit of a hydrogenation station, which comprises the following steps:

s1: acquiring hydrogen data of a hydrogenation pipeline through a station control system, and acquiring hydrogen data of a vehicle-mounted bottle and hydrogen data of a full state of the vehicle-mounted bottle through a vehicle-mounted monitoring system;

s2: setting the maximum temperature T allowed at the end of filling a vehicle bottle_maxAnd the maximum temperature T allowed when the filling of the vehicle-mounted bottle is finished is determined by the hydrogen data of the hydrogenation pipeline, the hydrogen data of the vehicle-mounted bottle, the hydrogen data of the full state of the vehicle-mounted bottle and the maximum temperature T allowed when the filling of the vehicle-mounted bottle is finished_maxAnd calculating to obtain the heat exchange quantity Q between the vehicle-mounted bottle and the environment_S；

S3: by the maximum temperature T allowed at the end of filling of said vehicle bottle_maxThe heat exchange quantity Q between the vehicle-mounted bottle and the environment_SAnd the vehicle-mounted bottle full state hydrogen data, and calculating to obtain the maximum allowable temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen;

s4: acquiring the current temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen through the station control system₁And current flow m₁The maximum allowable temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen and the current temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen are measured₁And the current flow m₁The flow of the chilled water is regulated.

Preferably, in step S1, the hydrogenation line hydrogen data includes: temperature T of hydrogen in hydrogenation pipeline₁And pressure P₁；

The on-vehicle bottle hydrogen data includes: temperature T of hydrogen in vehicle-mounted bottle₂Pressure P₂And mass M₂；

The vehicle bottle full state hydrogen data includes: pressure P of hydrogen in full state of vehicle-mounted bottle₀And total mass M₀。

Preferably, in step S2, the heat exchange amount Q between the vehicle-mounted bottle and the environment_SThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:

Q_s＝M₀c_v0T_max-M₂c_v2T₂-(M₀-M₂)c_p1T₁

wherein, c_v0A constant volume specific heat capacity of hydrogen in a full state of a vehicle-mounted bottle, c_v2C is the constant volume specific heat capacity of hydrogen in the vehicle-mounted bottle when the filling is not started, c_p1Is the constant pressure specific heat capacity, T, of hydrogen in the hydrogenation pipeline_maxThe maximum temperature allowed at the end of filling the vehicle bottle.

Preferably, in step S3, the calculation formula of the maximum allowable temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen is as follows:

wherein V is the total volume of the vehicle-mounted bottle, c_pThe constant pressure specific heat capacity of the hydrogen in the hydrogenation pipeline when the hydrogen is at the maximum allowable temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen is shown, R is a first calculation constant, and alpha is a second calculation constant.

Preferably, step S4 is specifically:

s41: obtaining the current flow m₁The maximum allowable temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen and the current temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen are measured₁And the current flow m₁Calculating to obtain the optimal water outlet flow m;

s42: the current temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen₁Comparing the maximum allowable temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen when T is higher than T>T₁Reducing the water outlet flow of the water chilling unit until the water outlet flow is reduced to the optimal water outlet flow m; when T is equal to T₁In time, the water outlet flow of the water chilling unit is kept unchanged; when T is<T₁And increasing the water outlet flow of the water chilling unit until the water outlet flow is increased to the optimal water outlet flow m.

Preferably, in step S41, the optimal effluent flow m is calculated as follows:

wherein c is the specific heat capacity of the chilled water, delta t is the temperature difference of the water supply and return of the water chilling unit, and m₁As the current flow rate, c_p1For hydrogen in hydrogenation linesThe constant pressure specific heat capacity of gas.

A chilled water flow regulating system of a cold water unit of a hydrogen station is used for realizing the chilled water flow regulating method of the cold water unit of the hydrogen station, and comprises the following steps: the system comprises a station control system, a hydrogenation machine, a hydrogenation pipeline, a fuel cell vehicle, a vehicle-mounted monitoring system, a water chilling unit and a regulating valve;

the station control system is electrically connected with the hydrogenation machine, the hydrogenation machine is connected with the fuel cell vehicle, the hydrogenation pipeline is arranged inside the hydrogenation machine, the vehicle-mounted monitoring system is located inside the hydrogenation machine, a water inlet of the hydrogenation machine is connected with one end of the regulating valve and a water outlet of the water chilling unit, and a water outlet of the hydrogenation machine is connected with the other end of the regulating valve and the water inlet of the water chilling unit.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the phenomenon of large flow and small temperature difference is effectively avoided, so that the energy consumption of the water chilling unit is reduced, the heat exchange between the vehicle-mounted bottle and the surrounding environment is considered in the calculation method, the method is closer to the actual hydrogenation process, and the calculation error is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a system block diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;

the implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a chilled water flow adjusting method for a cold water unit of a hydrogen station, which comprises the following steps:

s1: acquiring hydrogen data of a hydrogenation pipeline through a station control system, and acquiring hydrogen data of a vehicle-mounted bottle and hydrogen data of a full state of the vehicle-mounted bottle through a vehicle-mounted monitoring system;

s2: setting the maximum temperature T allowed at the end of filling a vehicle bottle_maxHydrogen gas passing through the hydrogenation lineData, the hydrogen data of the vehicle-mounted bottle, the hydrogen data of the full state of the vehicle-mounted bottle and the maximum temperature T allowed when the filling of the vehicle-mounted bottle is finished_maxAnd calculating to obtain the heat exchange quantity Q between the vehicle-mounted bottle and the environment_S；

S3: by the maximum temperature T allowed at the end of filling of said vehicle bottle_maxThe heat exchange quantity Q between the vehicle-mounted bottle and the environment_SAnd the vehicle-mounted bottle full state hydrogen data, and calculating to obtain the maximum allowable temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen;

s4: acquiring the current temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen through the station control system₁And current flow m₁The maximum allowable temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen and the current temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen are measured₁And the current flow m₁The flow of the chilled water is regulated.

In step S1 of this embodiment, the hydrogenation pipeline hydrogen data includes: temperature T of hydrogen in hydrogenation pipeline₁And pressure P₁；

The on-vehicle bottle hydrogen data includes: temperature T of hydrogen in vehicle-mounted bottle₂Pressure P₂And mass M₂；

The vehicle bottle full state hydrogen data includes: pressure P of hydrogen in full state of vehicle-mounted bottle₀And total mass M₀。

In step S2 of this embodiment, the maximum temperature T allowed at the end of filling the bottle in the vehicle is measured_maxSet up to 75 ℃ (the safe operating temperature of on-vehicle bottle is below 85 ℃, leaves 10 ℃ of design allowance), because the fuel cell car is filling the dress in-process, the temperature rise can be higher than external environment temperature gradually in the on-vehicle bottle, therefore the on-vehicle bottle can be to the ambient environment heat transfer, on-vehicle bottle and environment heat transfer volume Q_SThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:

Q_s＝M₀c_v0T_max-M₂c_v2T₂-(M₀-M₂)c_p1T₁

wherein, c_v0A constant volume specific heat capacity of hydrogen in a full state of a vehicle-mounted bottle, c_v2For determining hydrogen in vehicle-mounted bottle when filling is not startedSpecific heat capacity, c_p1Is the constant pressure specific heat capacity, T, of hydrogen in the hydrogenation pipeline_maxThe maximum temperature allowed at the end of filling the vehicle bottle.

In step S3 of this embodiment, a value of the maximum allowable temperature T of the hydrogen in the pipeline is calculated under the condition that the temperature at the end of filling the vehicle-mounted bottle does not exceed 75 ℃;

the calculation formula of the maximum allowable temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen is as follows:

wherein V is the total volume of the vehicle-mounted bottle, c_pThe constant pressure specific heat capacity of the hydrogen in the hydrogenation pipeline when the hydrogen is at the maximum allowable temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen is shown, R is a first calculation constant, and alpha is a second calculation constant.

In this embodiment, step S4 specifically includes:

s41: obtaining the current flow m₁The maximum allowable temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen and the current temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen are measured₁And the current flow m₁Calculating to obtain the optimal water outlet flow m;

s42: the current temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen₁Comparing the maximum allowable temperature T of the pipeline hydrogen when T is higher than T>T₁Reducing the water outlet flow of the water chilling unit until the water outlet flow is reduced to the optimal water outlet flow m; when T is equal to T₁In time, the water outlet flow of the water chilling unit is kept unchanged; when T is<T₁And increasing the water outlet flow of the water chilling unit until the water outlet flow is increased to the optimal water outlet flow m.

In this embodiment, in step S41, the calculation formula of the optimal effluent flow m is as follows:

wherein c is the specific heat capacity of the chilled water, delta t is the temperature difference of the water supply and return of the water chilling unit, and m₁As the current flow rate, c_p1For hydrogen in hydrogenation pipelinesConstant pressure specific heat capacity.

Referring to fig. 2, the invention provides a chilled water flow regulating system of a cooling water unit of a hydrogen station, which is used for implementing the above-mentioned chilled water flow regulating method of the cooling water unit of the hydrogen station, and includes: the system comprises a station control system, a hydrogenation machine, a hydrogenation pipeline, a fuel cell vehicle, a vehicle-mounted monitoring system, a water chilling unit and a regulating valve;

the station control system is electrically connected with the hydrogenation machine, the hydrogenation machine is connected with the fuel cell vehicle, the hydrogenation pipeline is arranged inside the hydrogenation machine, the vehicle-mounted monitoring system is positioned inside the hydrogenation machine, a water inlet of the hydrogenation machine is connected with one end of the regulating valve and a water outlet of the water chilling unit, and a water outlet of the hydrogenation machine is connected with the other end of the regulating valve and the water inlet of the water chilling unit;

the vehicle-mounted monitoring system is used for acquiring vehicle-mounted bottle hydrogen data and vehicle-mounted bottle full state hydrogen data;

the station control system is used for acquiring hydrogen data of the hydrogenation pipeline and controlling the water yield of the water chilling unit and the regulating valve through calculation;

the hydrogenation machine is used for filling hydrogen for the fuel cell vehicle;

the hydrogenation pipeline is used for conveying hydrogen in the hydrogenation machine;

the water chilling unit is used for providing cooling water for the whole system;

the adjusting valve is used for assisting in adjusting the flow of cooling water, so that the frequent start and stop of a compressor of the water chilling unit are avoided, and the service life of the water chilling unit is prolonged.

It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or system that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or system that comprises the element.

The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The use of the words first, second, third and the like do not denote any order, but rather the words first, second and the like may be interpreted as indicating any order.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.